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Grade 4 Transport History Worksheets

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2K views10 pages

Grade 4 Transport History Worksheets

Uploaded by

makuwar66
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Grade 4 History Term 3 Worksheets

SOURCE A: Animals as transport Date: __________________

Animals have been used for transport from the earliest times. The Khoi-Khoi are nomadic, this means they often move
from one place of residence to another. Which other animals are used for transport, think about it and talk about it.

SOURCE A: Different animals that are used for transport

Use SOURCE A to match the correct descriptions. Write only the letter next to the correct number. (1.F)

1. How did people transport their goods before the A. They are strong animals that can go long
1.
discovery of the wheel? without water

2. Why did they use camels instead of donkeys in


B. Donkeys, horses and oxen 2.
the desert?

3. Are round wheels really better than square


C. People transported their goods on foot 3.
wheels?

4. Which 3 animals were used to pull wagons and D. Yes because they can roll more easily than
4.
carts? square wheels

Since ancient times, people have used animals to get from one place to another, to carry and transport things or to do
work. Many different kinds of animals have been used, and are still used today

The Pigeon

Pigeon is a bird that is able to find its way home from very far off. This made it possible for people
to send messages to others. The message would be written on a very thin piece of paper and put
into a small tube. It was then tied to the pigeon's leg. The pigeon would then be thrown in the air to
fly back home to deliver the message.

1
Transport – Oxcart, wagons and horses Date: __________________

Later, the Dutch came to our country and brought with them completely different means of transport. At that time,
horses, carts, wagons and slaves were a common sight in the towns. The cattle farmers also used bullock carts.

SOURCE B: The square at Mooimeisiesfontein around the year 1800

Study SOURCE B and answer the following questions:


1. What is an advantage of the invention of the wheel? ______________________________________________

2. What means of transport do you see in source A? ________________________________________________


________________________________________________________________________________________

3. What means of transport are still used in your town today? _________________________________________

4. Why are some people walking in the picture? ____________________________________________________

5. Why does the slave carry the goods on a pole over his shoulder? _____________________________________
6. What do you notice at the carried chairs ‘window? ___________________________________
Why is it designed this way? _________________________________________________________________

7. What do we call a handcart today? _____________________________________

8. Why are the wagons' wheels so big? ________________________________________________________

9. What is the biggest difference between the two types of oxcarts? __________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
10. What types of transport would you have preferred to use? _________________________________________

2
SOURCE C: Different bicycles Date: __________________

Hobby horse Rover Bone shaker Penny farthing

Make use of SOURCE C to answer the following questions:

Statement true or false


Vehicles for human transport that have two wheels and require balancing by the rider is called a
bicycle
The first bicycle had two wheels, a saddle and was engine powered.
Bone shakers had steel wheels and shake peoples bones when riding
One big wheel bicycle did not cause many accidents
Bicycles were also partly responsible for better road conditions
Safety bicycle – both wheels same size. Not expensive.

SOURCE D: The steam engine Date:_________________

The steam engine was another very important invention. The steam engine used steam energy from water that is boiled by a
coal fire in the engine. Steam engines were used in trains and ships. Steam trains could carry more goods and were faster than
horses. This made travel cheaper so more people began to travel.
James Watt The steam locomotive was invented. It
developed out of the steam engine that
James Watt developed

Make use of SOURCE D to answer the following questions:

Fill in true or false


1. Coal helps the steam engine to work: ___________________
2. Stevenson’s first rocket went to the moon: _______________
3. The steam from the steam engine polluted the air:____________
4. Advantage of the steam engine was it transported people:______________
5. The steam engine was an example of land transport :_____________________

3
SOURCE E: Different motor cars Date: _________________

The first motor car was the The Benz Motor Car The Ford Model T in 1908 Only three wheels
Model T Ford

Bernice Mitchley was a young girl in the 1920’s. Today she is a granny. This is what she wrote about what she remembers
about the Model T Ford:

“My father had a Model T Ford called Tin Lizzy. You didn’t start this car by turning a key. The car had to be cranked up with a
starting handle. This wasn’t always easy, as the handle could kick back quite viciously. When we went for a drive, we would take
a bottle of distilled water with us, as well as several cans of petrol.

Today we usually also had ropes and chains in case the car got stuck when the roads were wet and muddy. Most of us use
cars, buses or taxis every day.

Make use of SOURCE E to answer the following questions:


a) What do you think the roads were like in the early 1920’s?_____________________________________________

b) How did Bernice’s father have to start the car? _____________________________________________________

c) What did they have to remember to take with them? _________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

d) Write a short paragraph of 5 lines of the car you would like to owe one day: Give attention to the following

 Name/ Make of the car


 Colour you would prefer
 Reasons you would like to buy this car?

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

4
Transport of the past Datum: ________________

Many years ago, the San, the Khoisan and the black people lived in our country.

The San walked to get water, looking for plants to eat and animals to hunt. That's why they mostly carried all their

belongings with them. The Khoisan and the black people kept cattle. Sometimes they used cattle as vehicles. They also

traded with their cattle. Transport is the way in which people, animals or things are carried from one place to another.

Travel is the word we use when we speak about people or things moving from one place to another.

The transportation of goods. The oldest form of transporting goods are humans carrying things. The heavier the item,

the longer it takes to carry it.

SOURCE F: SOURCE G: SOURCE H:

Study SOURCES F, G and H and answer the following questions:

1. What transport do you see at SOURCE F? ____________________

2. What transport do you see at SOURCE G? ____________________

3. What transport do you see at SOURCE H? ____________________

4. What carries or transports SOURCE F? ____________________

5. What carries or transports SOURCE G? ___________________

6. What carries or transports SOURCE H? ___________________

7. Which SOURCE can transport the most goods? ____________________

8. Which SOURCE can transport the least goods? ____________________

9. What was the means of transport used in SOURCE H? ______________________

10. Which of these types of transport are still being used today? _________________________________

5
SOURCE I : Transport on water: Rafts, Canoes and Reed boats Date: ______________

Word bank
Rafts: A flat vessel that drifts on water.
Canoe: A small boat made of wood or hollow tree logs.
Reed boat: A boat made of reeds.
Oars: Objects that people use to make rafts, canoes and reed boats move forward in the water.

The oldest boats

Long ago, people made transport vessels out of wood


and reeds to transport themselves and their goods on
water. ‘They used wooden oars and human muscle to
move the vessels forward. The oldest types of boats
were rafts, canoes and reed boats. They used these
vessels for transport on rivers, lakes and the sea.

Rafts

The first water transport were rafts. People made rafts by

binding tree logs, bundles of grass or reeds together. A


raft is a flat vessel that drifts downstream in a river and
people used oars and human muscle to move the raft
forward in the water.

Canoes

The first boats were canoes. When people discovered


that wood floats, they began to make small wooden boats
called canoes. They chopped out the inside of logs to
make the canoes. Oars and human muscle were used to
move the canoes forward through the water.

Reeds boats
Reed boats were almost the same as canoes and made
by using different kinds of grasses and reeds. People
made them by binding bundles of grass or reeds together
in the form of a canoe. They sat down in the reed boat
and used oars and human muscle to make the reed boat
forward through the
water.

6
SOURCE J: Rafts, canoes and Reed boats

Picture 1 Picture 2 Picture 3

Make use of SOURCE J and answer the following questions:

1. Which picture shows a reed boat?_______________________________________________

2. Which picture shows a canoe?__________________________________________________

3. Which picture shows a raft?_____________________________________________________

4. What is being used to move each boat forward? ___________________________________

5. Reeds boats are made off ______________________________________________________

6. Why did people began to made small boats or canoes?

___________________________________________________________________________

7. Have you ever made used of a boat as transport? Describe your experience.

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

7
Rewrite the words again next to the English word

8
SOURCE K: Transport in the air Date: __________________

Question 1:

1.1 Use the following words from the table below to complete the paragraph:

gas burner envelope basket hot air balloon

The hot air balloon was the first aircraft to carry a human in the air. It has a big bag called an ________________________ below
is a _______________________________ in which passengers can stand. Above the basket is a _________________________
that heats hot air balloon and causes the ______________________________ to rise into the air.

[Link] a passenger in the basket and flames coming from the burner .Label your drawing

Hot air balloon

Airship

1.3 Write down the similarities and differences between a hot air balloon and airship.

Hot air balloon airship


shape
powered by

1.4 Look at the photographs of the Hindenburg airship below, minutes before it burst in 1937. Arrange pictures
accordingly. Tell us what picture comes first, second and last.

a) b)

c)

first second last

9
SOURCE L: Summary of different modes of transport Date: ________________

Write the correct number next to the correct word.

Bicycle

Bus

Car

Helicopter

Hot air balloon

Jet ski

Motorbike

Motor boat

Motor scooter

Plane

Scooter

Ship

Submarine

Train

Van

Make use of SOURCE L about the means of transport to answer the following questions:

1. The longest: __________________

2. The fastest : _________________

3. The slowest: _________________

4. The most comfortable: ________________

5. Name the transport you already used in your life:

______________________________________________________________

10

Common questions

Powered by AI

The historical modes of transport provided fundamental insights into efficiency, reliability, and scalability, directly informing modern engineering practices and innovations. Understanding material suitability, propulsion, and design limitations from past systems paved the way for optimizing current vehicle designs for energy efficiency and speed, influencing everything from automobile manufacturing to aerospace engineering .

Human muscle power was initially the primary driver in transportation, whether through carrying items personally or manually powering devices like bicycles and oars on boats. Over time, it became less dominant with technological advancements such as steam engines and internal combustion engines, which offered greater power and efficiency, reducing the reliance on physical human effort in transportation .

Initially, transport was primarily utilitarian, centered on necessity and survival. Animals and simple devices served as the means to ensure survival and support basic trade. Over time, transport has shifted towards prioritizing speed, comfort, and accessibility, influenced by technological advances and changing social-economic demands. Present-day transport considers not only function but also environmental impact and lifestyle integration .

The steam engine was crucial as it provided a consistent, powerful source of mechanical energy that was not limited by human or animal strength. It enabled industries to operate more efficiently and expanded the scale of production by facilitating the transport of raw materials and goods. This independence from traditional energy sources allowed societies to industrialize rapidly, laying the groundwork for modern economies .

Animals have been essential to transport since ancient times, with different species like camels, horses, donkeys, and oxen being used based on their physical advantages and the environmental conditions. Camels were preferred in deserts for their ability to endure long periods without water, while oxen and horses were used to pull wagons and carts, which illustrates how animal characteristics influenced transport methods .

Early bicycles, particularly with their uncomfortable 'bone shaker' design, highlighted the need for smoother roads, thus indirectly spurring improvements in road infrastructure. The widespread use of bicycles demonstrated a demand for better transportation surfaces, paving the way for developments that later benefited motor vehicles as well .

Starting with rafts and canoes, which were rudimentary and relied on human muscle for propulsion, water transport evolved significantly as materials and engineering techniques improved. The transition from simple binding of logs or reeds to sophisticated shipbuilding harnessed advancing knowledge in buoyancy, hydrodynamics, and propulsion, eventually leading to the development of powered ships that could traverse oceans .

Before the wheel, goods were primarily transported on foot, severely limiting the quantity and distance. With the invention of the wheel, carts and wagons became possible, significantly easing the movement of larger loads and enabling longer travel distances. The ease of rolling wheels compared to dragging items marked a significant transition in efficiency and the expansion of human settlements .

The Model T Ford, known for its affordability and robustness, democratized car ownership beyond the wealthy, leading to substantial changes in lifestyle and urban planning. It facilitated suburbanization by allowing people to live further from their workplaces and contributed to the growth of related industries such as road construction and fuel stations .

The steam engine revolutionized transport by making it faster and more capable of carrying heavy loads, which reduced costs and enabled the mass movement of goods and people. This not only facilitated trade and economic growth but also increased the mobility of the population, promoting urbanization and changing social dynamics as people could live and work in different places more easily .

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