Operations on Sets for Grade 7 Math
Operations on Sets for Grade 7 Math
MATHEMATICS
QUARTER 1- WEEK 2
Operations on Sets
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The hand is one of the most symbolized parts of the human body. It is often
used to depict skill, action, and purpose. Through our hands, we may learn, create,
and accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a
learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant
competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in
your own hands!
This module is designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities
for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled
to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.
What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in
the module.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not
alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain a deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
Based on the competency, this module will help you illustrate union,
intersection, and difference of sets (M7NS-Ia-2). Specifically, after going
through this module, you are expected to:
This module is self – instructional and allows you to learn in your own space
and pace. So, relax and enjoy it!
What I Know
MULTIPLE CHOICE
Directions: Read the questions carefully. Choose the letter of your answer
and write it in your Mathematics notebook.
1. What is the complement of U?
A. U B. ∅ C. {0} D. {1}
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A. The set of elements in the universe that is not in P.
B. The set of elements in the universe that is not in Q.
C. The set of elements is common to both P and Q.
D. The set of elements that is in P or Q or both P and Q.
3. If X = {Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe,
Australia}, and Y = {Atlantic, Pacific, Arctic, Indian, Antarctic}, then
which of the following could be the universal set?
A. U = {oceans} C. U = {world}
B. U = {countries} D. U = {planets}
4. What is the meaning of the phrase “the union of P and Q"?
A. The set of elements in the universe that is not in P.
B. The set of elements in the universe that is not in Q.
C. The set of elements is common to both P and Q.
D. The set of elements that is in P or Q or both P and Q.
5. Given P = {apple, orange, banana, mango} and
Q = {orange, mango, watermelon}, what is P ∪ Q?
A. P ∪ Q = ∅
B. P ∪ Q = {apple, orange, banana}
C. P ∪ Q = {apple, orange, banana, mango}
D. P ∪ Q = {apple, orange, banana, mango, watermelon }
6. What is the complement of ∅ ?
A. U B. ∅ C. {0} D. {1}
7. Given X = {1, 4, 16} and Y = {1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36}, what is X ∪ Y?
A. X ∪ Y = ∅ C. X ∪ Y = {1, 4, 9, 16, 25}
B. X ∪ Y = {1, 4, 16} D. X ∪ Y = {1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36}
8. Based on the given sets below, which statement is CORRECT?
A = {1, 3, 6, 8, 9, 12, 15} and B = {6, 9, 12}?
A. B ⊈ A C. A ∪ B = A
B. A ∩ B = ∅ D. B is the complement of A.
9. Given A = {even whole numbers} and B = {prime numbers },
what is A ∩ B?
A. A ∩ B = ∅ C. A ∩ B = {0, 2}
B. A ∩ B = {2} D. A ∩ B = {0, 2, 4}
10. If M = {x I x is a number greater than 7} and
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N = {y I y is an even number less than 15}, what is M ∩ N?
A. M ∩ N = ∅ C. M ∩ N = {8, 10, 12}
B. M ∩ N = {8, 10} D. M ∩ N = {8, 10, 12, 14
11. If U = {11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20} and A = { 12, 13, 14 },
what is A’?
A. A’ = {12, 13, 14, 20}
B. A’ = {11, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19}
C. A’ = {11, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20}
D. A’ = {11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20}
12. Given U = {single digits} and B = {0, 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}, what is B’?
A. B’ = ∅ C. B’ = {2, 3}
B. B’ = {2} D. B’ = {2, 3, 9}
13. If set A = {3, 4, 5, 6} and set B = {2, 4, 6, 8 }, what is A – B ?
A. A – B = ∅ C. A – B = {3, 5}
B. A – B = {3} D. A – B = {4, 6}
14. If set A = {3, 4, 5, 6} and set B = {2, 4, 6, 8}, what is B – A?
A. B – A = ∅ C. B – A = {3, 5}
B. B – A = {2} D. B – A = {2, 8}
15. What does the shaded region of the Venn Diagram given below
represent?
A. A ∪ B C. (A ∪ B)’
B. A ∩ B D. A – B
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Lesson
Union and Intersection of Sets
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What’s In
Before we proceed to our lesson, let us see if we still remember our previous lesson
by answering the given activity below.
Activity 1: Arrange Me!
E T S SET
_____________________
2. It is the set of all possible elements of any set.
L U A N S I R V E E T S
U L N L E T S
T E N Q L U A I V E T S E
N N V E M D A I A G R
E F T I I N
7. This is a method describing a set by listing each element of the set inside the
symbol { }.
R R O E T S
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8. Two sets that contain the same elements.
L E A Q U T S E
T D N I I O S J
L V A E B R
If you got perfect, then you are truly a Set Master.
Congratulations!
What’s New
A B C
Figure 2
D E F
Notice that in Figure 1, the objects in Box C are the objects from Box A and B.
If you combine the objects from Box A and B, the result is Box C. But take note, in
Box C, there is no repetition of objects. On the other hand, Figure 2 illustrates that
Box F is just a result if you get the common object from Box D and E.
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In Sets, combining the elements without repetition is called the Union of Sets
while getting the common element is called Intersection of Sets. These are called
Basic Set Operations.
What is It
In arithmetic, we have Four Basic Operations such as addition,
subtraction, multiplication, and division of numbers. In sets, we have also
the Four Basic Set Operation. In this lesson, we will only discuss the first
two operations namely: Union and Intersection of Sets. The last two operations will be
discussed in the next lesson.
Basic Set Operations
Reminder!
To make it
uniform if the
elements of the
given set are
numbers then
arrange your final
answer in
increasing order.
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Symbol Meaning Venn Diagram Examples
2. Given:
A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6},
B = {2, 4, 6}, and
C = {1, 3, 5, …}
Find: a. A ∩ C
b. B ∩ C
A ∩ B ∩C is shaded
Solution:
a. A ∩ C = {1, 3, 5}
b. B ∩ C = { } or ∅
No common
element in
sets B and C.
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Given: X = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12}, Y = {3, 6, 9, 12, 15}
Find:
1. X ∪ Y 3. X ∪ Z ∩ Y
2. Y ∩ Z 4. (Y ∩ X) ∪ Z
Solution:
X ∪ Y
Y ∩ Z
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3. X ∪ Z ∩ Y = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12} ∪ {1, 4, 7, 10, 13, 16} ∩ {3, 6, 9, 12, 15}
X ∪ Z ∩ Y
X∪Z∩Y = { 6, 12 }
Finally, solve the intersection of
X ∪ Z and Y. Then, here is the
List thefinal answer.
given elements of
Sets Y, X, and Z.
( Y ∩ X ) ∪ Z
( Y ∩ X ) ∪ Z = { 6, 12 } ∪ { 1, 4, 7, 10, 13, 16 }
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What’s More
Given: A = {2, 5}, B = {5, 7, 9}, C = {x I x is an odd number less than 9},
and D= {x I x is an even number less than 9}.
1. A ∩ C
Solution:
A ∩ C = {2, 5} ∩ {1, 3, 5, 7}
A ∩ C = {5}
2. (B ∪ D) ∩ C
3. A∩ B ∩ C
4. C ∪ (D ∩ A)
5. ( A ∪ C ) ∩ B
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Lesson
Complement and Difference of Sets
2
What’s In
a. Find the given words below that are hidden in the grid. The words
may be found vertically, horizontally, and diagonally.
Y M K A T J B K C B L D K Z O
O H A L E V R P X L I I P S P
J D N O S G M X E P T L S X L
W G B Y P S T K G Y B Z K C X
U L Z L M E J J D I O X E J F
H O Y E Q A R J Y M K Q L V V
N E Z L V Z P A R E E S E M K
P B V N O I N U T P W E M D A
M N S J Y K I T E I O I E L H
B X N X Q D O T C T O C N P Y
I N T E R S E C T I O N T U I
H Y Y P V R M I U M H F S R G
N X O Z S T F P M C X A S L H
X D K V A T S O P Z L C L Z G
R W G V U C N B F S K K S U P
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What’s New
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What is It
A’ or Ac A Given:
complement U = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
of a Set and A = {1, 3, 5}.
Set of Find A’.
read as
all elements
A complement Solution:
in the
A’ = {2, 4}
universal set
U that are not A’ is shaded
in set A. The
complement
of A is the set
of elements
in U but not
in A. These
elements are 2
and 4.
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Basic Set Operations
of B.
b. B – A= {2, 8}
Note that
the elements 4
and 6
are included
in set A.
Difference
of sets B and A
are a set of
elements in B
but not in A.
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More Examples
Given: U = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
A = {1, 3, 5}
B = {3, 4, 5} and
C = {2, 4}
Find: a.) A’ ∪ B’
c.) B – C’
Solution:
A ’ ∪ B ’
A’ ∪ B’ = {2, 4} ∪ { 1, 2}
Second, solve
A’ and B’. Here
is the result.
A’ ∪ B’ = {1, 2, 4}
b.) (A ∩ C )’ = ( {1, 3, 5} ∩ { 2, 4} )’
( A ∩ C )’
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Second, solve the
operation inside
the parenthesis
(A ∩ C)’ = ({ } )’
which is the
intersection of A
and C. Here is the
answer.
(A ∩ C)’ = {1 ,2, 3, 4, 5}
Finally, get the
complement.
Note that the
complement of
an empty set is
the universal set.
c.) B – C’ = {3, 4, 5} – { 2 , 4 }’
B – C ‘
B – C’ = {3, 4, 5} – { 1, 3, 5 }
What’s More
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Activity 5: Solve Me!
1. A – C
Solution:
A −¿ C = {2, 5} −¿ {1, 3, 5, 7}
A −¿ C = {2}
2. B – D’
3. (A ∪ B)’ – C
4. D – (B ∩ A)
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Let’s Do It This Way:
1. The set of all elements in the universal set that is not in set A is called the
_______________ of set A.
2. The set containing all the elements of set A or set B or both sets is called
the _______________ of set A and set B.
3. The set containing all the elements that are common to both set A and set
B is called the _______________ of set A and set B.
4. The set of elements that belongs to set A but not in set B is called the
_______________ of sets A and B.
What I Can Do
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a. For sets U, A, and B, construct a Venn Diagram and place the
elements in the proper regions
Assessment
I. MULTIPLE CHOICE
Directions: Read and answer the questions carefully. Write the answer in
your Mathematics notebook.
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A. { } C. U
B. {1} D. {0}
8. What is (A ∪ B ) – C, if A = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 }, B = { 2, 4, 5, 6 } and
C = {1, 2, 4, 6 }?
A. { } C. { 3 }
B. { 2 } D. { 3, 5 }
9. Which of the following represents the shaded area in the Venn Diagram
below?
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A. B’ C. B – A
B. A D. A – B
A. (A ∪ B) ∩ C C. A U (B – C)
B. A ∩ B ∩ C D. A’ ∪ B ∩ C
II. To solve numbers 11 – 15, use the given Venn Diagram below.
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11. A ∩ B 13. A ∩ B’ 15. (A ∩ B )’
Additional Activities
a. Using the Venn diagram below, list the elements containing the set
b. Write the answer in your Mathematics notebook.
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1. U Answer: U = {red, black, blue, yellow, pink, maroon,
orange, green, violet, white, indigo }
2. A 6. A’ 10. A ‘∩ B
3. B 7. B’
4. A ∪ B 8. A – B
5. A ∩ B 9. B – A
Answer Key
(Activity 5) (Activity 4)
2. B – D ‘ = { } 1. carrots, cabbage,
3. ( A ∪ B )’ – C okra, squash,
= { 4, 6, 8 } ampalaya, eggplant
4. D – ( B ∩ A ) 2. 11
= { 2, 4, 6, 8 } 3. potato, raddish,
string beans
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What’s More What’s In (Activity 1) What I Know
(Activity 2) 1. SETS 1. B. 11. C.
2. ( B ∪ D ) ∩ C 2. UNIVERSAL SETS 2. C. 12. D.
= { 5, 7 } 3. NULL SET 3. C. 13. C.
3. A ∩ B ∩ C 4. EQUIVALENT SET 4. D. 14. D.
={5} 5. VENN DIAGRAM 5. D. 15. B.
4. C ∪ ( D ∩ A ) 6. FINITE 6. A.
= { 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 } 7. ROSTER 7. D.
5. ( A ∪ C ) ∩ B 8. EQUAL SETS 8. C.
= { 5, 7 } 9. DISJOINT 9. B.
10. VERBAL 10. D.
Answer Key
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What I Can Do (Activity 7) What I Have Learned (Activity 6)
1. complement
2. union
3. intersection
4. difference
5. Venn Diagram
References
BOOKS
Gina Guerra and Catherine P. Vistro – Yu, Ed.D. Grade 7 Math Learning Guide.
Department of Education (2013). pp. 7 – 18.
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