Periodic Table Worksheet for Class X
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ronit.saradar2021Periodic Table Worksheet for Class X
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Powered by AIUnderstanding that the first period is the shortest and contains the least number of elements allows chemists to appreciate the unique behaviors of hydrogen and helium in experiments, as they do not have fully filled p orbitals available. Meanwhile, the sixth period's length impacts synthesis processes that involve lanthanides, which have unique reactivity patterns useful in creating specialized compounds .
Among the elements Boron, Aluminum, Gallium, Indium, and Thallium, Thallium has the most metallic character. This is because metallic character increases as we move down a group in the periodic table, due to the addition of electron shells which increases atomic size and decreases electronegativity and ionization energy .
Boron, being the first member of its group and with an atomic number of 5, forms the compound BCl3 with chlorine. The significance of this compound lies in Boron's +3 oxidation state due to its three valence electrons, reflecting the element's non-metallic character and tendency to form covalent compounds with halogens .
Elements W (2,7) and X (2,8,1) can achieve a noble gas configuration similar to neon (2,8) by gaining one electron and losing one electron, respectively. W forms an anion, achieving the neon configuration by gaining one electron, indicating high reactivity as it readily forms negative ions. In contrast, X loses one electron to achieve the same noble gas configuration, suggesting it easily forms positive ions, demonstrating typical metallic behavior .
Element Z with an electron configuration of 2,8,8 is considered uncreative or inert. This is because it has a full outer shell similar to a noble gas, resulting in high stability and low chemical reactivity. It is positioned in the group of noble gases, which are known for their lack of reactivity due to possessing a complete valence shell .
The group of elements situated to the right of the Boron group possesses less metallic character. As we move from left to right in the periodic table, the atomic size decreases, and the effective nuclear charge increases, which results in higher ionization energy and electronegativity typical of non-metals, indicating less metallic character .
Element C is placed below B in Group 17 of the periodic table, indicating a higher atomic number than B. This correlates with more occupied electron shells, leading to a larger atomic size and typically greater reactivity in non-metals as we move down the group . Consequently, C is more reactive than A in Group 16, less reactive than its counterparts in the same group, and forms negative ions more readily .
Element C in Group 17 forms an anion due to its electronic configuration, which is one electron short of the nearest noble gas configuration. This tendency to gain one electron to complete its valence shell is directly influenced by its position in Group 17, where elements have high electronegativity and form negative ions through electron gain to achieve stability .
An element with a configuration of (2,8,18,1) is expected to exhibit metallic behavior. It will likely lose the single electron in its outermost shell to form a positive ion, achieving a stable configuration similar to a noble gas. This behavior contrasts with non-metallic elements, which typically gain electrons during reactions to complete their valence shells, forming anions instead .
Element B in Group 17 is smallest in size. Within a period, atomic size decreases from left to right as the number of protons in the nucleus increases, pulling the electron clouds closer. Therefore, between elements in Group 16 and 17 with similar energy levels, the one further to the right, B, is expected to be smaller due to a higher effective nuclear charge .