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Age and Gender Prediction Using AI

Age and gender prediction by deep learning

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23 views7 pages

Age and Gender Prediction Using AI

Age and gender prediction by deep learning

Uploaded by

pavangoud1100
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
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IRACST – International Journal of Computer Networks and Wireless Communications (IJCNWC), ISSN: 2250-3501

Vol.14, Issue No 2, April 2024

AGE AND GENDER PREDICTION


Karnati Mahidhar 1, Dulam Srija 2,
Kalluru Kavya 3, Dr. A. Sudhakar4
1,2,3
UG Student, Dept. of ECE, CMR Institute of Technology, Hyderabad
4
Associate Professor, Dept. of ECE,
CMR Institute of Technology, Hyderabad

Abstract: practical issues like estimating age and


gender, which has implications in a
The project "Age and gender prediction
number of industries including security,
using OpenCV" seeks to create a
healthcare, and marketing.
computer vision system that can identify
human faces in pictures or videos and 1. Introduction
ascertain their gender and age. For face Artificial Intelligence (AI)is a computing
identification, gender categorization, and technique which imitates human brain
age estimation, the method makes use of for the actions that are performed. These
deep learning models that have already actions can be performed by the AI
been trained. The gender classification algorithms with the assistance of
and age estimation models are based on Machine Learning(ML) and Deep
convolutional neural networks (CNNs) Learning(DL) algorithms. In order to be
with pre-trained weights, whilst the face able to make decisions/predictions
detection model is based on the Single human-like, the model is required to be
Shot Multibox Detector (SSD) trained and then verified to decide the
framework with a pre-trained neural outputs. Testing is done to validate over
network from OpenCV. The technique what it has learnt at the training and
may be used for real-time face verify the functionality. Based on input
identification and analysis jobs and data, the neural network can use the
processes images and videos using the algorithms of machine learning to
OpenCV library. The study shows how improve accuracy. Machine learning
computer vision and deep learning algorithms like Regression,
techniques may be used to solve Classification for Supervised Learning

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IRACST – International Journal of Computer Networks and Wireless Communications (IJCNWC), ISSN: 2250-3501
Vol.14, Issue No 2, April 2024

and Clustering for unsupervised learning focusing on age and gender detection.
etc. can be used which help to improve Many early methods in age and gender
the model’s efficiency and accuracy as a detection were handcrafted, focusing on
supporting algorithm for the output manually engineering the facial features
prediction to the main model being from the face. To mention a few, in
developed. The output prediction 1999, Kwon and Lobo[5] developed the
depends on the present inputs for those very first method for age estimation
algorithms[1,2]. Deep Learning focusing on geometric features of the
improves the overall performance and face that determine the ratios among
the efficiency of the model which has to different dimensions of facial features.
detect characteristics of the person like These geometric features separate babies
age and gender by developing a neural from adult successfully but are incapable
network[3,4]. The model being of distinguishing between young adult
developed can be used for surveillance and senior adult. Hence, in 2004, Lanitis
purposes. Deep learning’s neural et al. [6] proposed an Active Appearance
networks forms the basis for the entire Model (AAM) based method that
model and then entire decision making included both the geometric and texture
process is done by the neurons of the features, for the estimation task.
neural network. The main objective of Literature Survey:
the paper is to determine the parameters A new architecture for face image
like the age, gender of the person by classification named unsupervised
using the model being developed. It is CNN was introduced by S. U.
makes it easier for the sake of the video Rehman et al. [2]. A CNN that
analytics, for medical purposes for the handles multitask (i.e. Facial
surveillance purposes and it can be detection and emotional
achieved by the use of the computer classification) is made by merging
vision. [Link] In this section CNN with other modules and
we provide the age and gender algorithms. A hybrid deep CNN and
classification literature and briefly RNN (Recurrent Neural Network)
describe about few early methods which model was introduced by N. Jain et al.
are most related to our proposed method, [4]. This model aims to improve the

137
IRACST – International Journal of Computer Networks and Wireless Communications (IJCNWC), ISSN: 2250-3501
Vol.14, Issue No 2, April 2024

overall result of face detection. MI ethnicity of a person, followed by age


Facial Expression and JAFFE dataset and lastly gender. An automated
were used to evaluate the model. A recognition system for age, gender
convolutional network architecture and emotion was presented by A.
was proposed by G. Levi et al. [5] Dehghan et al. [7] that was trained
that classified the age with small using deep neural network. At the
amounts of data. The Audience ImageNet LSVRC2010 contest, A.
Benchmark was used to train the Krizhevskyetal. [8] presented a paper
model. A system in which a real time which suggested segregation of 1.2
automatic facial expression system million
was designed was proposed by S.
Turabzadeh et al. [6]. It was
implemented and tested on an
embedded device which could be the
first step for a specific facial
expression recognition chip for a
social robot. MATLAB was first used
to build and simulate the system and
then it was built on an embedded
system. The hardship of performing
automatic prediction of age, gender
and ethnicity on the East Asian PROPOSED ALGORITHM
Population using a Convolutional
Neural Network (CNN) was explored Multi-Task Cascade Convolutional

by N. Srinivas et al. [3]. A fine- Neural Network (MTCNN) There are N

grained ethnicity has predictions number of deep learning methods have

based on a refined categorization of been developed for the face detection

the human population (Chinese, purpose. In those one of the more

Japanese, Korean, etc.). Previous popular approaches is “Multi-Task

results suggest that the most critical Convolutional Neural Network”, simply

job is to predict the fine-grained called MTCNN. It achieved the state-of-

138
IRACST – International Journal of Computer Networks and Wireless Communications (IJCNWC), ISSN: 2250-3501
Vol.14, Issue No 2, April 2024

the-art results on a range of benchmark tasks, for example making the three
datasets, and because it is capable of also types of the predictions. They are
recognizing other facial features such as classification of face, bounding the box
eyes and mouth, called landmark regression and finally the localization of
detection. The MTCNN consists of three facial landmarks.
stages. In the first stage, candidate
TESTING:
windows are produced quickly through
the shallow CNN. Then it refines the Test the installation process
windows in order to reject the large of the required
number of non-faces windows that are dependencies and libraries
present in the image through a more such as OpenCV and
complex CNN. Finally, it will use a NumPy.
more powerful CNN in order to refine Test the model loading and
the results and output facial landmarks initialization process to
[Link] MTCNN network uses a ensure that the correct
cascade structure which consists of three models are loaded and
networks; first the image/video will be initialized successfully.
rescaled to the range of different sizes
Test the face detection
which is called as an image pyramid, module by providing
then the first model which is Proposal different types of test
Network (P-Net) proposes the candidate images and videos
facial regions, the second model which containing faces to ensure
is Refine Network (R-Net) filters the that it detects all faces with
bounding boxes in the image, finally the high accuracy.
third model that is Output Network (O- Test the gender classification
Net) proposes facial landmarks which module by providing test images
are detected in the image. This MTCNN containing male and female faces
model is a multi-task network because with varying facial expressions
each of the three models that are present and lighting conditions to ensure

in the cascade which are P-Net, R-Net that it classifies the gender
correctly.
and O-Net will be trained on the three

139
IRACST – International Journal of Computer Networks and Wireless Communications (IJCNWC), ISSN: 2250-3501
Vol.14, Issue No 2, April 2024

Test the age estimation CONCLUSION AND FUTURE


module by providing test SCOPE
images containing faces of
people with varying ages to 7.1 Conclusion
ensure that it estimates the
age accurately. In conclusion, the OpenCV-based age
and gender prediction project is a helpful
Test the output of the
tool that can precisely identify a person's
system by verifying that the
age and gender in a given picture or
output image or video
video stream. The research uses
shows the detected faces
computer vision techniques and pre-
with the predicted gender
trained deep learning models to identify
and age accurately.
faces, categorise gender, and calculate
Test the performance of the
age based on facial traits. The project
system by measuring the
has been successfully tested on a variety
execution time of the
of image and video streams, and it has
algorithm for processing a
produced accurate and dependable
single image or video frame
results. By combining more
and verifying that it meets
sophisticated models and methods for
the project's requirements.
facial detection and identification, the
Test the error handling and project may be further enhanced.
exception handling mechanisms of Overall, this study has shown how
the system by providing incorrect computer vision and deep learning may
inputs or images to ensure that the be used for a variety of tasks, such as
system handles errors gracefully and behaviour analysis, emotion recognition,
produces meaningful error messages. and facial recognition.
Test the system with real-
world test scenarios to 7.2 Future Scope:
ensure that it performs well Real-time applications: The current
in practical situations implementation of the project can
only process static images and pre-

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IRACST – International Journal of Computer Networks and Wireless Communications (IJCNWC), ISSN: 2250-3501
Vol.14, Issue No 2, April 2024

recorded video streams. Future and reliability of the prediction.


development could focus on
creating real-time applications that REFERENCES
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detection and recognition. This can MM, Big Data and Data Science in
be done by training the model to Critical Care, CHEST (2018), doi:
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Common questions

Powered by AI

The use of deep learning and CNNs enhances predictive accuracy in age and gender classification by enabling models to learn complex patterns and features directly from large amounts of data. CNNs can automatically extract hierarchical features that are more effective than handcrafted features, improving classification precision across diverse conditions. Their ability to generalize across different datasets leads to better performance compared to traditional methods .

Early age and gender detection methods faced challenges due to reliance on hand-crafted features. For instance, geometric methods were effective in distinguishing children from adults but failed to differentiate between young and senior adults. Modern neural networks, such as CNNs, overcome these challenges by learning directly from data, allowing for more refined and accurate predictions. Methods like the Multi-Task Convolutional Neural Network (MTCNN) further enhance performance with state-of-the-art results by automatically learning features and refining detection through multiple stages .

The effectiveness of the algorithms was tested through multiple methods: testing the installation of dependencies like OpenCV and NumPy, testing model loading and initialization, evaluating face detection on diverse images and videos, and testing gender classification across varied expressions and lighting conditions. Age estimation was tested by using images of individuals from varied age groups. Furthermore, system performance was assessed by measuring execution time and testing real-world scenarios to ensure error-free, practical application .

The real-time face detection system uses several components including deep learning models trained for face detection, gender classification, and age estimation. The facial detection model is based on the Single Shot Multibox Detector (SSD) framework with a pre-trained neural network from OpenCV. For gender classification and age estimation, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with pre-trained weights are used. The system processes images and videos using the OpenCV library for real-time applications, enhancing its applicability across various sectors .

The Multi-Task Cascade Convolutional Neural Network (MTCNN) operates through a cascade structure consisting of three stages. It uses a cascade approach where the P-Net proposes candidate windows, the R-Net refines these windows by filtering non-faces, and the O-Net provides precise localization of facial landmarks. MTCNN’s effectiveness arises from its ability to perform multiple tasks such as face classification, bounding box regression, and facial landmark localization concurrently, thereby leveraging deep learning to enhance accuracy and efficiency in detecting facial features .

Advancements in face detection and analysis revolutionize security and surveillance by enabling real-time identification and monitoring, enhancing threat detection, and improving response time. These technologies offer precise demographic profiling, which can be crucial in various security contexts such as border control and biometrics. Enhanced accuracy in age and gender prediction aids in suspect identification and contextual threat assessment, thus bolstering security measures significantly .

Future enhancements for the age and gender prediction system include the development of real-time application capabilities, extending the system to include emotion detection and recognition, improving diversity and reducing bias in training data, incorporating face recognition functionalities, and employing multi-modal fusion to improve accuracy and reliability by integrating data from facial features, voice, and body language .

Training data diversity is crucial for reducing bias and improving model accuracy across different populations and demographic profiles. Diverse datasets ensure that the model can learn from and accurately predict outcomes for various age groups, genders, and ethnicities, which is especially important in multicultural applications. Incorporating diverse data helps in optimizing the model's generalization capability, thus improving reliability and fairness across applications .

The paper illustrates the practical applications of computer vision and deep learning through its successful implementation in age and gender prediction. This technology has implications in industries such as security, healthcare, and marketing by enabling real-time analysis of faces in video streams or images. The ability to determine age and gender helps customize consumer experiences in marketing and enhances surveillance systems in security and healthcare .

Emotion detection is a valuable extension because it allows for richer contextual analysis beyond mere age and gender. It can enhance user experience by personalizing interactions in customer service applications, provide psychological insights in healthcare, and increase engagement in gaming and entertainment. This extension could also improve security systems by helping identify individuals' emotional states, potentially identifying risky behavior more accurately .

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