DSE Physics - Section C: M.C.

WA5 : Wave Nature of Light

PC - WA5 - M / 01
Use the following data wherever necessary:
Speed of light in vacuum
c = 3 x 108 m sl
The following list of formulae may be found useful:
Fringe width in double-slit interference
Ay = 2D
Diffraction grating equation
d sin 0 = n 2
Part A : HKCE examination questions
1. < HKCE 1980 Paper II - 35 >
An electrome peo ve it in Frequenty to order of 100 12. What should be the type of
the alectromagneti wavo ?
A. infra-red rays
B. visible light
C. ultra-violet rays
D. X-rays
2.
< HKCE 1981 Paper II - 23>
Given the following types of electromagnetic waves:
(1) radio waves
(2) yellow light
(3) green light
The waves listed in ascending order of their wavelengths are :
A. (1), (3), (2)
B. (2), (1), (3)
C. (3), (1), (2)
D. (3), (2) , (1)
3.
< HKCE 1982 Paper II - 14 >
Arrange the following electromagnetic waves in descending order of their
wavelengths :
(1) visible light
(2) X-rays
(3) radio waves
A. (1), (2), (3)
B. (1), (3), (2)
C. (2), (3), (1)
D. (3), (1), (2)
DSE Physics - Section C : M.C.
WA5 : Wave Nature of Light
PC - WA5 - M / 02
4.
< HKCE 1983 Paper II - 18>
THESE
C.
(1) & (2) only
D.
(2) & (3) only
5. < HKCE 1983 Paper IX - 21 >
Given that the approximate wavelength of red light is 7 x 10-7 m, what is the
approximate wavelength of an FM radio wave?
A. 3 × 10ªm
3 × 10-3 m
С.
3 × 10-' m
D. 3 × 10-° m
< HKCE 1985 Paper II - 22>
When i i tra spl front fishlane, which of the following statements i/are true?
The wayuleng fit lie morens unchanged.
A. (1) only
B.
(2) only
C.
(1) & (3) only
D. (2) & (3) only
7.
< HKCE 1985 Paper II - 23>
A short pulse of microwave travelling at 3 x 10* m g*' was used to detect the
position of a stationary weather balloon. It was
found that the microwaves reflected from the balloon were picked up 2 x 10'* s
after the pulse had been emitted from the
station. The distance of the balloon from the station was
A. 1.5 × 10* m
B. 3.0 × 10* m
C. 1.5 × 1012 m
D.
3.0 × 1012 m
8.
< HKCE 1985 Paper II - 24>
A th of the followingay in the vet order of incrensing wavelengths ?
infra-red rays, radio waves, X-rays
S. X-rays to way fried rays
9.
< HKCE 1986 Paper II - 26>
Which of the following is/are transverse wave(s) ?
* Sour waves
(3) X-rays
A. (1) only
B.
(1) & (2) only
C.
(1) & (3) only
D.
(2) & (3) only
-
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DSE Physics - Section C : M.C.

WA5 : Wave Nature of Light
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10. < HKCE 1987 Paper II - 15>
Which of the following has the shortest wavelength?
B. Mirowaves
11, < HKCE 1988 Paper II - 12>
visible light
radio
waves
micro-
wave
ultra-
violet
X-rays
gamma
rays
The figure above shows the electromagnetic spectrum. Which of the following
statements about Y is/are true ?
(1) The frequency of Y is lower than that of visible light.
(2) Y is emitted by hot bodies.
(3) Y can be deflected by electric and magnetic field.
A. (1) only
B. (3) only
C.
(1) & (2) only
D. (2) & (3) only
12. < HKCE 1988 Paper II - 28>
I seed of radio waves in i is and the speed or light in it is vs, Which of the
following is corect?
C.
D. 202 > VI > V2
13. < HKCE 1988 Paper II - 29 >
When a light ray travels from air to water, how do the speed, the frequency and the
wavelength change ?
Speed
Frequency
A. remains the same
B.
becomes smaller
C. becomes smaller
becomes greater
remains the same
remains the same
Wavelength
remains the same
becomes smaller
becomes smaller
14. < HKCE 1989 Paper 11 - 13 >
marie of was rave of pea me i on to det the portion of atinary wenher balon. The
reflected
B.
3.0 × 10ª m
C.
6.0 x 10*m
D.
1.5 × 1012 m
15. < HKCE 1989 Paper II - 27 >
Which of the sled or dies in vas about the papere entitis ave conget ?
(2) There cannot be total internal reflection when light is travelling from air to
water.
(3) Light travels faster in glass than in air.
A. (1) only
B.
C.
(3) only
(1) & (2) only
D.
(2) & (3) only
DSE Physics - Section C: M.C.
WA5 : Wave Nature of Light
16. <HKCE 1989 Paper II - 28>
Arang he folowing in ascending order of wavelengins,
(2) Microwaves
(3) Visible light
(4) Ultra-violet rays
A. (1), (2), (3), (4)
(2), (3), (4), (1)
(1), (4), (3), (2)
$. (2, 638,4
17, < HKCE 1990 Paper IX - 29>
PC - WA5 - M / 04
Infra-red
P
X-rays
The ding The how east the die one anti poten. Which of the following statements
isfare true?
The desire by ande in malier than that ore.
A. (1) only
B. (3) only
C. (1) & (2) only
D. (2) & (3) only
18. < HKCE 1990 Paper II - 11>
What happens to the wavelength and frequency of a ray of light if it passes from
water to air ?
Wavelength
Frequency
A. increases
decreases
B. decreases
remains unchanged
C. remains unchanged
increases
D. increases
remains unchanged
19. < HKCE 1991 Paper II - 25 >
Which of the following graphs correctly shows the variation of speed v against
frequency f of the electromagnetic waves in
vacuum?
20. < HKCE 1992 Paper II - 28>
Which of the following is an application of microwaves in everyday life?
A. Radar
B. Carbon-14 dating
C. Radiotherapy
D. Detecting cracks in railway track
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DSE Physics - Section C: M.C.

WA5: Wave Nature of Light
PC - WA5 - M / 05
21. < HKCE 1992 Paper II - 27 >
Given that the wavelengths of visible light range from 4 × 10-7 m to 7 × 10-' m,
which of the following combinations of
wavelengths for infrared, red and violet lights is possible?
Infrared
Red light
A.
B.
1 × 10*m
7 × 10 m
1 × 10-7 m
7 × 10-' m
1 × 10* m
4 × 10-7 m
D. 1 × 10-3 m
4 × 10-7 m
Violet light
4 × 10-' m
4 × 10-7 m
7 × 10-7 m
7 × 10-7 m
22.
< HKCE 1993 Paper I -26>
Which of the following statements is/are true ?
(1) Light is a transverse wave.
(2) Light does not undergo diffraction.
(3) Light transmits energy.
(2) only
B.I
C.
(3) only
(1) & (2) only
D. (1) & (3) only
23. < HKCE 1993 Paper II - 24 >
A dis station broadcasts at a frequeney of 94 Mix. Find the wavelength of the radio
waves.
B.
3.19 m
C.
31.91 m
D. 3191 m
24. < HKCE 1994 Paper II - 22 >
Which of the following statements concerning infra-red radiation is correct?
A. Infra-red is red in colour.
B. Intraved can be use to by i edin-iMes lear ounter.
D. Warm objects emit infra-red.
25. < HKCE 1994 Paper II - 21 >
Amang the rollowing electromagnetic waves in ascending order of frequencies.
(2) Ultra-violet rays
(3) Radio waves
A. (1), (2), (3)
B.
(2), (1), (3)
C.
(3), (1), (2)
D.
(3), (2), (1)
26. < HKCE 1996 Paper II - 28>
Which of the following is not an application of the corresponding electromagnetic
wave?
Electromagnetic wave
Application
A.
B.
C.
D.
Ultra-violet
Camera autofocusing
Infra-red
Microwaves
Sating suminie buried in landslides
X-rays
Detecting weapons hidden in suitcases
DSE Physics - Section C : M.C.
WA5 : Wave Nature of Light
27. < HKCE 1996 Paper II - 26>
X-rays
Visible
light
Microwaves
Part of the electromagnetic spectrum is shown above. Which of the following
statements is/are correct ?
(1) Pis ultra-violet and Q is infra-red.
(2) The wavelength of P is shorter than that of Q.
(3) The speed of P in vacuum is higher than that of Q.
A. (1) only
B.
(3) only
C.
(1) & (2) only
D. (2) & (3) only
28. < HKCE 1997 Paper II - 26>
Which of the following is an application of ultra-violet radiation ?
B. Catering conces in milvay tucke
S. Setting of wining win landalides
29. < HKCE 1999 Paper II - 24 >
(3) an ultrasonic scanner for examining foctuses (babies not yet born)
A. (1) only
B.
(3) only
C.
(1) & (2) only
D.
(2) & (3) only
30. < HKCE 2000 Paper II - 25 >
A. gamma radiation
B. visible light
C. infra-red
D. ultra-violet
31. < HKCE 2002 Paper II - 27 >
Which of the following is/are the reason(s) for not over-using ultra-violet lamps
to produce a suntan effect ?
(1) Ultra-violet radiation is highly penetrating and will damage body tissue.
(2) Ultra-violet radiation has a strong heating effect and will damage body tissue.
(3) Over exposure to ultra-violet radiation may cause skin cancer.
A. (2) only
B.
C.
D.
PC - WA5 - M / 06
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DSE Physics - Section C: M.C.

WA5: Wave Nature of Light
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32. < HKCE 2003 Paper II - 30 >
The Which in falo ding ad vion antin were he eco er has it in hot fing in of atring
inges in the
B.
C.
infra-red
ultra-violet
D. X-rays
33. < HKCE 2004 Paper II - 24 >
A ship is equipped with certain devices. Which device is not an application of
electromagnetic waves ?
A,
the radar system
C.
the sonar system
the infra-red system for night navigation
D. the wireless telecommunication system
34. < HKCE 2005 Paper II - 16 >
spitin, the following hor thing we order the relative positions of five ale
romanele waves in the alectromagnetic
microwaves, infra-red, visible light, ultra-violet, X-rays
microwaves, ultra-violet, visible light, infra-red, X-rays
35. < НКСЕ 2007 Paper П - 17 >
-
(3) Light can travel from the Sun to the Earth.
A. (1) only
B.
(3) only
G. (2) & (3) my
(2) & (3) only
36. < HKCE 2009 Paper I - 16 >
Which of the following graphs showing the relationship among velocity (v),
frequency (f) and wavelength ( 2) of
electromagnetic waves in vacuum is/are correct?
(1)
(2)
(3)
V. L
→ 2
• 2..
A. (1) only
B. (2) only
С.
(1) & (3) only
D.
(2) & (3) only
DSE Physics - Section C : M.C.
WA5 : Wave Nature of Light
PC - WA5 - M / 08
37. < HKCE 2010 Paper II - 37>
car (approaching the speed gun)
laser speed gun
(stationary)
'|||)
laser pulse
In the figure, a laser speed gun is used to check for speeding. A car is
approaching the speed gun. The speed gun emits a
laser pulse. The speed gun receives the reflected pulse from the car after 3.6 ×
10-7 s. After 0.2 s, the speed gun emits
B.
C.
37.5 ms"'
D. 40.2 m s*'
38. < HKCE 2011 Paper II - 13>
Compare the time taken for the following waves to travel a distance of 100 m.
7, Water waves with frequency 0.5 Hz and wavelength 2 m
I2 Sound waves travelling at 340 m s~l
7, Microwaves emitted by an artificial satellite
The time taken in descending order is
A. T, > 12 > T
B. T2 > 73 > 71
C.
Ty > Ta > Ti
D. T, > T, > Ta
Part B: HKAL examination questions
39. < HKAL 1981 Paper I - 43 >
In Young's double slit experiment, which of the following can increase the
separation of the interference fringes on the
screen?
(1) Increase the distance between the double slits and the screen.
(2) Increase the wavelength of the light.
(3) Increase the distance between the light source and the double slits.
A. (1) only
B.
(3) only
C.
(1) & (2) only
D.
(2) & (3) only
40. < HKAL 1989 Paper 1 - 22 >
When light of wavelength 2 is incident normally on a diffraction grating with p
lines per millimetre, the second-order
maximum is at an angle 0 from the central position. When light of wavelength 52/4
is incident normally on another grating
with 3p lines per millimetre, the first-order maximum is formed at an angle @ from
the central position. Which of the
following relations is correct?
A. sin @ - (5 sin 0) / 12
B. sin $ = sin (50/ 12)
C.
sin @ = sin (150/4)
D. sin o = (15 sin 0) /8
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DSE Physics - Section C: M.C.

WA5 : Wave Nature of Light
PC - WA5 - M / 09
41. < HKAL 1995 Paper IIA - 14 >
In Young's double-slit experiment, which of the following combinations of
monochromatic light, the slit-separation and the
slit-to-sereen distance would produce the greatest fringe separation on the
screen ?
Monochromatic light
Slit-separation
Slit-to-screen distance
red light
B.
red light
1 mm
1 m
2 m
red light
2 mm
1 m
blue light
1 mm
2 m
42. < HKAL 1996 Paper IIA - 12>
When light travels from glass to air, the emergent light would show an increase in
(1) frequency.
(2) wavelength.
(3) velocity.
A. (1) only
B.
(3) only
C. (1) & (2) only
D. (2) & (3) only
43. < HKAL 1997 Paper IIA - 15>
light source •
screen
(1) At point P, the 7th dark fringe is observed.
(2) If the light source is moved closer to the slits, the fringe separation on the
screen will increase.
(3) If light of wavelength 500 nm is used, point P will become a bright fringe.
A.
• (1) only
B.
(3) only
C.
(1) & (2) only
D.
(2) & (3) only
44. < HKAL 2001 Paper IA - 13 >
1 mm
lamp •
- 0.01 m
→ * -0.1 m
D= 1 m
A student prepares a double-slit interference experiment as shown. a is the slit
separation and b is the slit width. However,
C. increase b
D.
decrease a
DSE Physics - Section C: M.C.
WA5 : Wave Nature of Light
PC - WA5 - M / 10
45. < HKAL 2002 Paper IA - 15>
grating
incident light-
first-order
maximum
central
maximum
first-order
maximum
When merchant it age thou diningsie be main a mine i tered a down.
Grating (lines per mm)
Colour of light used
A.
200
green
B.
200
red
$.
400
green
400
red
46. < KAL 2003 Paper IA - 19>
A plane diffraction grating having a ruling of 5000 lines per cm. When
monochromatic light of wavelength 500 nm is
A. (1) only
B.
(3) only
(1) & (2) only
47. < HKAL 2004 Paper HIA - 11>
(3) Use a double slit with larger slit width.
A. (1) only
B. (1) & (2) only
(2) & (3) only
48. < HKAL 2007 Paper IA - 10 >
eating the tinbort in it around domal or 45 for the
central line. What is the highest order of diffracted maximum that
can be observed?
A. ged order
В.
4" order
C.
f' order
D. f* order
3rd
2nd
- 1at
incident beam
diffraction
grating
- 1st
2nd
3ed
49. < HKAL 2007 Paper HIA - 11>
In a Young's double-slit experiment, monochromatic light of wavelength 550 nm is
used. The fringes are formed on a screen
placed at 1.0 m from the double slits. If the separation between the first and the
fißh dark fringes is 5.0 mm, calculate the slit
separation of the double slits.
A.
0.3 × 10-* m
B.
1.1 × 10*m
С.
4.4 × 10* m
D.
5.5 × 10*m
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DSE Physics - Section C : M.C.
WA5 : Wave Nature of Light
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50. < HKAL 2011 Paper IIA - 15 >
Which of the following statements about a transmission diffraction grating are
correct when monochromatic light is incident
onto the grating?
(1) The grating produces diffraction pattern on both sides of the central line.
(2) The angle of diffraction of the same order is directly proportional to the
wavelength of the incident light.
(3) A grating with smaller grating spacing gives greater diffracted angle of the
first maxima.
A. (1) & (2) only
B.
(1) & (3) only
C.
(2) & (3) only
D. (1), (2) & (3)
51. < HKAL 2012 Paper IIA - 13 >
grating
filament
lamp
screen
changes to eliminate the overlapping so as to obtain a pure second-order spectrum.
Which of the following may be possible ?
(1) Move the screen closer to the grating.
(2) Replace the grating by one with smaller grating spacing.
(3) Insert a single slit between the filament lamp and the grating.
A. (1) only
B.
(2) only
C.
(3) only
D.
None of the above
Part C: Supplemental exercise
52, 1d it in ai a via 50 in epe in in the only by wie liar one wavelengths For lov
ishi.
(1) In the first order spectrum, the violet end is closer to the central bright
fringe than the red end.
(2) The second-order image of yellow light coincides with the third-order image of
violet light.
(3) There is no fourth-order image for violet light.
A.
(1) & (2) only
B.
(1) & (3) only
C.
(2) & (3) only
D.
(1), (2) & (3)
53. Which of the following correctly gives the order of magnitude of the
wavelengths of infra-red radiation and ultra-violet
radiation in air ?
Infra-red radiation
A.
B.
10-2 m
10-5 m
10-2 m
D.
10-5 m
ultra-violet radiation
10-8 m
10-8 m
10-10 m
10-10 m
DSE Physics - Section C : M.C.
WA5 : Wave Nature of Light
PC - WA5 - M / 12
54. Two identical monochromatic light sources cannot give interference pattern. The
reason(s) is/are
(1) the two light sources have different amplitudes.
(2) the two light sources have different frequency.
(3) the two light sources do not have constant phase relationship.
A. (1) only
B.
(3) only
C.
(1) & (2) only
D. (2) & (3) only
55.
electric field
→ distance / 10-7 m
The above figure shows how the electric field of a monochromatic light wave varies
with distance in air. Which description
about the colour of the light and its frequency is correct?
colour
frequency / Hz
A.
B.
C.
D.
violet
5.0 x 10'
violet
7.5 x 10'4
orange
5.0 × 10'4
orange
7.5 x 10'4
56. A diffraction grating of 4000 lines per cm is placed at a distance of 0.75 m
from a screen. A monochromatic light is directed
perpendicularly onto the grating. The two second-order fringes on the screen aro at
a separation of 68,6 cm. Calculate the
wavelength of the monochromatic light.
A. 460 nm
B. 520 mm
C. 545 nm
D. 572 nm
Part D: HKDSE examination questions
57. < HKDSE Sample Paper IA - 20>
erer is splaslit on triere was performed using a monochromati light source. Which
change would result in a
(1) Using monochromatic light source of longer wavelength
(2) Using double slit with greater slit separation
(3) Using double slit with larger slit width
A. (1) only
B. (1) & (2) only
C. (2) & (3) only
D. (1), (2) & (3)
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WA5 : Wave Nature of Light
PC - WA5 - M / 13
58.
< HKDSE Sample Paper IA - 23>
first-order
grating
maximum
central
incident light-
maximum
first-order
maximum
When monochromatic light is passed through a diffraction grating, a pattern of
maxima and minima is observed as
shown. Which combination would produce the largest angle & between the first-order
maxima?
Grating (lines per mm)
Colour of light used
A.
B.
200
blue
200
400
red
400
blue
red
59. < HKDSE Practice Paper IA - 23>
Yellow light of wavelength 590 nm is incident normally on a diffraction grating
with 400 lines per mm. Find the difference
in angular positions for the third order and the fourth order bright fringes.
A. 13.7°
B. 25.7°
C. 45.1°
D. 70.70
60. < HKDSE Practice Paper IA - 22 >
light
source
double slit
screen
instead, what is the new fringe separation?
A.
1.9 mm
B. 3.3 mm
C.
D.
7.5 mm
13.3 mm
61. < HKDSE Practice Paper IA - 16 >
Which of the following phenomena demonstrates that light is an electromagnetic wave
?
A. Light carries energy.
B.
Light reflects when it meets a polished metal surface.
C.
D.
Light bends when it travels across a boundary from one medium into another.
Light can travel from the Sun to the Earth.
62. < HKDSE 2012 Paper IA - 19 >
Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?
A. In air, the wavelength of infra-red radiation is shorter than that of ultra-
violet radiation.
B.
Visible light travels faster in air than in glass.
C.
Microwaves travel at the speed of light in a vacuum.
D.
Both light and sound exhibit diffraction.
DSE Physics - Section C : M.C.
WAS : Wave Nature of Light
PC - WA5 - M /14
63. < HKDSE 2012 Paper IA - 20>
Tor airing in it ones Me, the ired od it 65 it on ted Wil end it ted wile in
red
violet
A.
B.
C.
D.
3
64. < HKDSE 2013 Paper IA - 23>
first-order bright fringe
incident beam
- central bright fringe
diffraction
grating
first-order bright fringe
When monochromatic light passes through a diffraction grating, a pattern of bright
fringes is formed. Which arrangement
would produce the greatest angle O between the central and first-order bright
fringes?
grating (lines per mm)
colour of light
A.
B.
C.
D.
400
green
400
blue
200
green
200
blue
65. < HKDSE 2015 Paper IA - 17>
Which diagrams below correctly show the spectra formed from white light by a glass
prism and a diffraction grating.
respectively? It is known that red light travels faster than violet light in glass.
(R - red, V = violet, W = white)
(1)
w-
W
(3)
(4)
A. (1) & (3) only
B. (1) & (4) only
C. (2) & (3) only
D. (2) & (4) only
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DSE Physics - Section C : M.C.
WAS : Wave Nature of Light
PC - WA5 - M / 15
66. < HKDSE 2015 Paper IA - 20 >
Which of the following gives the order of magnitude of the wavelengths of ultra-
violet radiation and microwave in a
vacuum?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ultra-violet radiation
10-8 m
10-* m
10-10 m
10-10 m
microwave
10-2 m
10-5 m
10-3 m
10-5 m
67. < HKDSE 2016 Paper IA - 19 >
Diffraction will occur when light
(1) passes through a pinhole.
(2) passes by a sharp edge.
(3) passes through a slit.
A. (1) only
B.
(2) only
C.
(3) only
D. (1), (2) & (3)
68. < HKDSE 2017 Paper IA - 20 >
The figure below shows some of the bright fringes formed when monochromatic light
passes through a diffraction grating.
second-order bright fringe
monochromatic light -
first-order bright fringe
central bright fringe
diffraction
grating
Which of the following is/are correct?
(1) 0, =82
(2) The maximum order of bright fringe is 4 if 0, - 20°.
(3) 0, will decrease if the experiment is performed in water but not in air.
A. (1) only
B. (3) only
C. (1) & (2) only
D. (2) & (3) only
There is question in next page
DSE Physics - Section C : M.C. Solution
PC - WA5 - MS / 01
WAS : Wave Nature of Light
i aties hone not are or to mater free told no ere to a set of mold ner.
M.C. Answers
1. C
2. D
3. D
4. C
5. A
6. C
7. B
8. D
9. C
10. A
51. D
52, A
53. B
54. B
55. B
56. B
57. A
58. D
59. B
60. C
11. C
12. C
13, C
14. B
15. C
16. C
17. A
18. D
19. D
20. A
61. D
62. A
63. A
64. A
65. A
66. A
67. D
68. B
69. D
70. A
21. A
22. D
23. B
24. D
25. D
31. B
32. B
33. B
34. A
35. B
41. B
42. D
43. B
44. D
45. D
26. A
27. C
28. D
29. C
30. D
71. C
72. A
36. C
37. C
38. A
39. C
40. D
46. C
47. А
48. B
49. C
50. B
M.C. Solution
1.
v = 52
:: (3 × 108) = (1016) 2
: 2 = 3 × 10-3 m
.. The wave is in the range of ultra-violet rays.
2.
D
Wavelengths in ascending order are : green light, yellow light, radio waves
Provided by dse life

69. <HKDSE 2019 Paper IA-19>

70. <HKDSE 2019 Paper IA-22>
71. <HKDSE 2020 Paper IA-14>
A light beam consisting of wavelengths i, and i is incident normally on a
diffraction grating. The
third-order diffraction of wavelength &, coincides with the fourth-order
diffraction of wavelength i, in
the resulting pattern. If 2, is 680 mm, find 1s.
A.
510 nm
B.
680 nm
C.
907 nm
D.
It cannot be determined because the grating spacing is unknown.
72. <HKDSE 2019 Paper IA-15>
The figure shows a typical set-up of Young's double slit experiment.
distance between the double
slit and the screen, L
monochromatic
TIL
of victie separation d
separation d
sereen
Which combination below is the best setting for displaying an observable fringe
pattem on the screen?
A.
B.
c.
D.
0.1 mm
1 mm
d
1 mm
1 mm
0.1 mm
L
10 m
1 m
1 m
0.1 m
Provided by [Link]

-
3.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
DSE Physics - Section C : M.C. Solution
WAS : Wave Nature of Light
PC - WA5 - MS / 02
D
Wavelengths in descending order are : radio waves, visible light, X-rays
(1)
Speed of light depends on medium only.
(2)
Change in medium results in change of speed, thus give the change in wavelength.
(3)
Frequency must remain unchanged during refraction.
The wavelength of FM radio wave is the order of 102m.
(1)
From air to glass, speed of light would decrease.
(3)
Frequency must be unchanged during refraction.
.: d=(3x108) (2x104) - 3 x 10ªm
D
A.
wavelength of infra-red rays > wavelength of X-rays
B.
wavelength of radio waves > wavelength of X-rays
С.
wavelength of radio waves > wavelength of infra-red rays
D.
it is the correct ascending order of wavelengths
Sound wave is the only example of longitudinal wave.
A
Wavelength of X-rays is shorter than microwaves, radio waves and visible light
(1)
Frequency decreases towards the left
(2)
Y is infra-red which is emitted by hot or warm bodies
(3)
Electromagnetic waves cannot be deflected by electric field or magnetic field.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
DSE Physics - Section C: M.C. Solution
WA5: Wave Nature of Light
PC - WA5 - MS / 03
Both radio waves and visible light are electromagnetic waves, they have the same
speed,
i V, = V2.
Speed:
Speed decreases when light travels from air to water
Frequency: Frequency remains unchanged when light travels from one medium to
another medium
Wavelength: Wavelength decreases when light travels from air to water, by v=f 2.
d = 4ve - 7(3 × 109) (2× 10*) - 3 x 10*m
(1)
(2)
(3)
Speed of light depends on medium.
Total internal reflection can only occur when light travels from a denser medium to
a less dense medium,
o.g. from water to air.
Light travels slower in glass than in air.
The correct ascending order of wavelengths:
gamma rays, X-rays, ultra-violet, visible light, infra-red, microwave, radio waves.
<>
Wavelength decreases towards the right of the spectrum, thus P has longer
wavelength.
All electromagnetic waves travel with the same velocity in vacuum.
Electromagnetic waves cannot be deflected by an electric field.
D
Wavelength: Speed of light increases when it travels from water to air, by v= f 1,
wavelength also increases.
Frequency must remain unchanged when light travels from one medium to another
medium.
D
Speeds of all the electromagnetic waves are the same and do not depend on the
frequency of the wave.
A
Radar uses microwaves to send pulses to detect flying objects.
Detecting cracks in railway track uses ultrasound.
Provided by [Link]

21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
DSE Physics - Section C : M.C. Solution
WA5 : Wave Nature of Light
PC - WA5 - MS / 04
Infrared:
Red light:
Violet light:
Wavelength is longer than that of visible light, thus it should be 1 × 10* m
Red light has the longest wavelength among the range of visible light, thus it is 7
× 10-' m
Violet light has the shortest wavelength among the range of visible light, thus it
is 4 × 10-7 m
D
*
(1)
(2)
(3)
Light is a type of transverse wave.
All waves, including electromagnetic waves, posses all phenomena of waves,
including diffraction.
Light wave carries light energy.
:: (3 × 109) - (94 × 106) 2
:: 2 - 3.19 m
D
*
*.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Infra-red is invisible.
Geiger-Muller counter can only detect a, or y radiation, but not infra-red
radiation.
Ultra-violet is used to sterilize drinking water.
Warm or hot bodies emit infra-red radiation.
D
Frequencies in ascending order are:
radio waves, ultra-violet rays, X-rays
A
Infra-red radiation OR ultrasonic wave can be used for camera autofocusing.
C
Ultra-violet is between X-rays and visible light while infra-red is between
microwaves and visible light
Wavelength increases towards the right of this spectrum, thus wavelength of P is
shorter.
All clectromagnetic waves travel with same speed in vacuum
D
*
A.
Camera autofocusing: both ultrasound or infra-red radiation can be used
betting airy ate te italin
D.
Sterilize drinking water : use ultra-violet radiation
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
DSE Physics - Section C : M.C. Solution
WA5 : Wave Nature of Light
PC - WA5 - MS / 05
Remote control : Infrared radiation
Oven : Microwave
Scanning foetuses : ultrasonic waves - sound waves with frequency higher than 20000
Hz
D
Ozone layer in the atmosphere can absorb most of the ultra-violet radiation from
the sun
so that the intensity of the ultra-violet radiation reaching the Earth's surface is
much reduced
and causes less hazard to human being, as over-exposure to ultra-violet radiation
may cause skin cancer.
The penetrating power of ultra-violet radiation is not high enough to penetrate
through the human body
(X-rays and gamma radiation can penetrate through human body)
Uttra-violet radiation does not have heating effect (Infra-red has heating effect)
Ultra-violet radiation has sun-tan effect and over-exposure may cause skin cancer
Infra-red can enable the images to be captured in the dark.
в
A.
B.
C.
D.
The radar system makes use of microwave which is an electromagnetic wave.
The sonar system makes use of ultrasound which is NOT an electromagnetic wave.
The infra-red system makes use of infra-red radiation which is an electromagnetic
wave.
The wireless telecommunication system makes use of radio wave which is an
electromagnetic wave.
The electromagnetic wave spectrum in order of decreasing wavolength :
radio waves
microwaves
infra-red
visible light
ultra-violet
X-rays
gamma rays
B
This can only shows that wave has refraction.
This can only shows that wave has reflection.
Since the space between the Sun and the Earth is vacuum,
this can show that light is an electromagnetic wave that can travel in vacuum.
-
Provided by [Link]

-
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
DSE Physics - Section C : M.C. Solution
WA5 : Wave Nature of Light
PC - WA5 - MS / 06
(1)
(2)
(3)
Spced v of electromagnetic waves is independent of the frequency f, thus it is a
horizontal line.
As the velocity is constant, by v= f 2,
the frequency fand the wavelength 1 should be inversely proportional, thus the
graph should be a curve.
Speed v of electromagnetic waves is independent of the wavelength 2, thus it is a
horizontal line.
Initial distance of the car - ½ × (3 × 109) × (3.6 × 10-7) = 54 m
Final distance of the car = ½ × (3 × 10*) × (3.1 × 10-7) = 46.5 m
Speed of the car - 18 - 34-205
= 37.5 m s'
Speed of water waves < speed of sound waves < speed of microwaves
Time to travel a distance of 100 m =
100 m
speed of the wave
Thus, the smaller the speed, the longer is the time taken : T > T, > 15
C
(1)
(2)
(3)
By Ay - 2D : Dt → AyT
Ву ду - 200 :: 11 = дут
Separation botween fringes is independent of the distance between the light source
and the double slits,
thus Ay is unchanged.
D
As d sin 0 = n 2
: (0)sino = (2)2 and
: (1/p)
sin 0
(1/3p) sin
(2)
(1) (52/4)
10-3
3p
sing = 1 sino
B
By Ay = 2D
a
Monochromatic light:
Slit-separation:
at → AyT
Slit-to-screen distance:
DT → Ayt
red light
:: 1 mm
:: 2 m
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
DSE Physics - Section C: M.C. Solution
WA5 : Wave Nature of Light
PC - WA5 - MS / 07
D
*
(1)
(2)
(3)
Frequency remains unchanged during refraction
For light: glass < Vair → Agia < Rair
For light: glar < Yair
x
(1)
(2)
(3)
Д = 3000 пт - 3000 2 - 7.52
*P: 8" dark fringe
The fringe separation is independent of the distance between the source and slits,
thus same s
A = 3000 nm = 3000 2 - 62 : constructive interference occurs, it is a bright fringe
D
The wavelength of light is very small (about 10-' m).
In order to have observable interference, slit separation a should be much
decreased to give observable interference.
D
By d'sin 0 = 12 :. To have greater 8, d should be smaller and 1 should be greater
grating in lines per mm should be greater so that grating spacing d is smaller: 400
is better
red light has longer wavelength than green light
"red light is better
C
(1)
Grating spacing d - 1x102 - 2 × 10-*m - 2000 mm
x
(2)
(3)
By dsin 0 - n2 : (2 × 10-5) sin 02 - (2) (500 × 10-9) :: 02 = 30°
sin 03 = 3 sin 01 = 1.5 sin 02 - 1.5 sin 30°
 03 = 48.6°
Third order spectrum exists.
A
By using fringe separation : Ay = A D
(1)
(2)
(3)
21 → 4x1
at → Ayt
Larger slit width gives the same fringe separation Ay
B
By d sin 0 - n 2
d sin 45° = 3 2
d sin 90° = n 2
* n = 4.241
Thus the highest order is the 4th order.
Provided by dse life

49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
DSE Physics - Section C : M.C. Solution
WA5 : Wave Nature of Light
PC - WA5 - MS / 08
Fringe separation: Ay = 5.0 mm x ½ = 1.25 mm
AD
Ву Ду =
:: (1.25x10%) = (550x10**). l)
:. a = 4.4 × 10-*m
в
(1)
(2)
(3)
The diffraction pattern is symmetrical on both sides of the central line.
For the same order, it should be the sin of the angle proportional to the
wavelength, i.e. sin 0 ∞ 2
For smaller d, the angle is greater, thus the first maxima are separated at greater
angles.
D
For grating or interference pattern, the second order and the third order must be
overlapped.
The overlapping cannot be changed by any methods.
A
(1)
(2)
(3)
For the first-order spectrum: d sin 0 - 12.
: Aviolet <Ayellow → Ariola < Byeliow :: violet is closer.
By d sin 0 = n 2
For 2nd order image of yellow light : d sin 0 - (2) (600) - 1200 nm
For 3rd order image of violet light : d sin 0 - (3) (400) - 1200 m
Same value of d sin ® = the 2 lights coincide at the same diffracted angle 0
Consider the 4th order image for violet light.
By dsing = n2
(10-'
5) sin 0 = (4)(400×10*)
.. 4th order violet maximum exists.
0 = 53.1°
B
Typical order of wavelength of infra-red radiation in air is 10-5 m.
Typical order of wavelength of ultra-violet radiation in air is 10-8 m.
B
(1)
(2)
(3)
Since the two light sources are identical, they should have same amplitudes.
Since the two light sources are identical, they should have the same wavelength and
frequency.
Two independent light source cannot have constant phase relationship.
Thus, they are not coherent sources, and therefore, no interference pattern can be
observed.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
DSE Physics - Section C : M.C. Solution
WA5 : Wave Nature of Light
PC - WA5 - MS / 09
From the figure, the wavelength 2 - 10 × 107x2 = 4x10 m
The colour is violet since violet has the shortest wavelength among the visible
light that has range of 400 nm to 700 nm.
By c = 52
:: (3 × 108) = fx (4 × 10*7)
:. f = 7.5 × 1014 Fiz
B
O Lan 0 = 2 = 0.0352
• d sin 0 = n 2.
:. 02 - 24.58°
: 1×10*,
4000 )sin 24.58° = (2)2
:. 2 = 520 nm
A
Fringe width in double-slit interference : y = AD
(1)
(2)
at → Ayt
(3)
Larger slit width gives the same fringe separation Ay, as Ay is not affected by the
slit width.
D
By d'sin 0 = 12 :: To have greater 0, d should be smaller and 1 should be greater
grating in lines per mm should be greater so that grating spacing d is smaller :.
400 is better
red light has longer wavelength than blue light
red light is better
B
By d sin 0 = n A
0 1410) in 97390-105)
(10 in, 34590-1099
• ДО - 70.73 - 45.07 = 25.7°
:. 04 = 70.73°
: 03 = 45.07°
C
Ву ду = 1D
© (5 × 10-3) - (600×10-)D
• Ay = (450×10)D
(a/2)
Combine • and ®: Ay = 7.5 × 10-3 m = 7.5 mm
-
Provided by [Link]

-
-
61.
62.
63.
64.
65.
66.
67.
D
A.
В.
C.
D.
DSE Physics - Section C : M.C. Solution
WA5 : Wave Nature of Light
PC - WA5 - MS / 10
All waves carry energy. Carry energy cannot prove that light is an electromagnetic
wave.
All waves reflect. Reflection cannot prove that light is an electromagnetic wave.
All waves bend to give refraction. Refraction cannot prove that light is an
clectromagnetic wave.
Light can travel in space (vacuum) is a proof for electromagnetic wave.
68.
A
(1)
(2)
(3)
DSE Physics - Section C : M.C. Solution
WAS : Wave Nature of Light
The bright fringes produced by a diffraction grating is not evenly distributed,
thus 02 must not equal 01, actually, 02 > 01.
By d sin 0 = n 2
® d sin 20° = (1) & @ dsin 90º = n 2
n = 2.92
The maximum order of bright fringe should be 2.
If the experiment is performed in water, 1 will decrease.
By d sin 0 = n 2, 6will decrease.
PC - WA5 - MS / 11
The wavelength of the infra-red radiation is longer than that of ultra-violet
radiation.
Visible light travels at the greatest speed in air or vacuum. In glass, the speed
is smaller.
Microwaves are electromagnetic waves, which must be travel at the speed of light in
a vacuum.
Since light and sound are waves, they exhibit diffraction.
By d sin 0 - 1 2
Red light:
1x10 )sin 52° = n (657x10-*)
Violet light:
1x10°
-)sin 52° = n (438×10-')
600
:. n = 2
:. n = 3
By d sin 0 - n 1
For the first order bright fringo, n= 1: sin 0 = 1
To give greatest angle 0,
d should be smaller, thus the grating should have more line per mm, that is, 400
2 should be greater, thus the colour of light should be green, since wavelength of
green light is longer than blue light
A
When white light passes through a prism, it is dispersed into its component
colours.
Red (R) light is least deviated from the original direction.
When white light passes through a diffraction grating, the first order consists of
continuous spectrum.
Red (R) light with longest wavelength has the largest diffracted angle from the
central line.
Order of magnitude of wavelength of ultra-violet radiation = 10-3 m
Order of magnitude of wavelength of microwaves = 10-3 m
D
(1)
(2)
(3)
When light passes through a pinhole, light spreads out from the hole to give
diffraction.
When light passes by a sharp edge, light bends round the corner to give
diffraction.
When light passes through a slit, light spreads out from the slit to give
diffraction.
Provided by dse life

DSE Physics - Section C : Question

WA5 : Wave Nature of Light
PC - WA5 - Q / 01
Use the following data wherever necessary:
Speed of light in vacuum
c = 3 x 108m s*'
The following list of formulae may be found useful :
Fringe width in double-slit interference
Diffraction grating equation
Ay = AD
a
d sin 0 = n 2
Part A : HKCE examination questions
1. < HKCE 1986 Paper I - 6>
(a) The below figure shows an experimental set-up to study the interference of 3 cm
microwave. Microwaves emitted from
a transmitter at T pass through two narrow slits 1 and B where IA = TB. The
microwaves are picked up by a receiver at
X where XA = XB. The receiver is connected to a loudspeaker through an amplifier.
The loudness of sound from the
loudspeaker indicates the intensity of the microwaves received.
y
Voltage
supply
Amplifier
000
Loudspeaker
Transmitter
Receiver
(i) What is the frequency of the microwaves ?
(ii) What is the path difference of the microwaves from 1 and B at X?
(iii) Are the waves at constructive or destructive interference at X?
(iv) Would the sound from the loudspeaker be loud or soft?
(3 marks)
(1 mark)
(1 mark)
(1 mark)
(v) Describe briefly the variation of the loudness of the sound from the
loudspeaker when the receiver is being moved
along XY.
(2 marks)
1.
2.
DSE Physics - Section C : Question
WA5 : Wave Nature of Light
PC - WA5 - Q/02
(b) The following figure shows another experimental set-up using the same microwave
transmitter and receiver. 3 cm-
microwaves are emitted from the transmitter. A metal plate M is then moved from P
to Q. Describe the variation of
the loudness of the sound from the loudspeaker. Explain briefly with the aid of a
diagram.
(5 marks)
000
Amplifier
Receiver
Loudspeaker
vulago
M
Transmitter
(c) Give two examples of applications of microwaves.
(2 marks)
< HKCE 1995 Paper I - 4>
Meter
Moter roading
Low voltage
supply
B
P
DO Receiver
--2
- Y
Position of receiver
The figure above shows a set-up to investigate the interference of mierowaves.
Microwaves emitted from a transmitter T pass
through two narrow slits A and B, which are equidistant from T. The receiver is
then connected to a meter, which indicates
the intensity of microwaves reccived.
and graph above then shows the variation of the meter reading as the receiver is
moved from X to Y. X is equidistant from 1
(a) Explain briefly why the meter shows maximum and minimum readings.
(3 marks)
Provided by [Link]

DSE Physics - Section C: Question

WA5: Wave Nature of Light
2. (b) What type of interference is observed at P ?
PC - WA5 - Q / 03
(1 mark)
(c) If AP = 36 cm, BP = 33 cm, find the wavelength and frequency of the microwaves.
(4 marks)
(d) Sketch a graph to show the variation of the meter reading as the receiver is
moved from X to Z (XZ is perpendicular to
XY). Explain briefly why the reading varies in this way.
(4 marks)
3. < HKCE 1999 Paper I - 10 >
Peter ive i hole on on sie of hi anorin dain i did i save of let so of the hill.
Seo
(a) Find the wavelengths of the radio waves and TV waves.
(3 marks)
(b) e
Name the wave phenomenon which enables the waves transmitted by Ti to reach Peter's
house.
(1 mark)
3.
DSE Physics - Section C: Question
WAS : Wave Nature of Light
(b) (ii) Peter fínds that the radio reception is better than the TV reception.
Explain this phenomenon.
PC - WAS - Q/04
(2 marks)
(c) Peter is watching TV in his house. He finds that the reception is affected when
an acroplane flies overhead. Explain this
phenomenon.
(2 marks)
(d) Another tramiting at 32 in be buit at site . (See tho above figure.) Mary lives
in a house B such that
(i) Find the path difference at B from P and l.
(1 mark)
(ii) Mary listens to the radio in her house. How will the reception be affected if
both stations transmit identical radio
waves at 600 kHz? Explain your answer. (Neglect the reflection of waves from the
hill.)
(3 marks)
(e) The table below shows the broadcasting frequencies of RTHK Radio 1 (FM ) in
different districts :
District
Hong Kong north
Hong Kong south
Kowloon cast
Kowloon west
Shatin, Ma On Shan
Tai Po, Fanling
Tuen Mun, Yuen Long
Frequency / MHz.
92.6
93.6
94.4
92.9
93.5
93.2
93.4
State one advantage of broadcasting at different frequencies in different
districts.
(2 marks)
Provided by [Link]

4.
DSE Physics - Section C : Question
WA5 : Wave Nature of Light
PC - WA5 - Q / 05
< HKCE 2004 Paper I - 4>
channel R2
FM
88•
• 99
105
• 108 MHz
AM 530 • 610 • 750 • 1000)• 1300 • 1600 kHz
channel R,
The Figure above shows the display panel of a radio and the broadcasting
frequencies of two radio channels R, and R2.
(a) Find the wavelength of the radio waves used by channel Rs.
(2 marks)
(b) Anita's house is surrounded by hills and at her house, the reception of one of
the two radio channels is better. For which
radio channel is the reception better ? Explain your answer.
(3 marks)
5.
< HKCE 2006 Paper I - 1 >
aircraft
5,43
radar station
Figure 1
Figure 2
RADAR (RAdio Detecting And Ranging) is a useful device in air traffic control. In
Figure 1, an aircraft is flying near a radar
station. A pulse of electromagnetic wave with a speed of 3 × 10° m s'' and a
frequency of 1.2 × 10º Hz is emitted from the
radar station towards the aircraft.
(a) Find the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.
(2 marks)
(b) The electromagnetic wave pulse emitted is reflected by the aircraft back to the
radar station. The emitted and reflected
pulses are displayed on the screen of a CRO as shown in Figure 2. The time-base
setting of the CRO is 5 us per division.
Estimate the distance between the radar station and the aircraft.
(3 marks)
DSE Physics - Section C : Question
WAS : Wave Nature of Light
PC - WA5 - Q/06
6.
< HKCE 2006 Paper I - 2>
RADAR is a useful device to detect aircraft. However, the air-forces of many
countries try to build aircraft that can hide
away from their enemies. Read the following passage about a stealth bomber (see
Figure 1).
Stealth Bomber
There are some special features in the design of the
stealth bomber to make it invisible to enemy sensors.
The aircraft needs to blend in with the background
infrared sensors. Defending against radar detection, the
surface of the stealth bomber is particularly good at
absorbing radio waves. More importantly, the large flat
areas on the top and bottom of the aircraft reflect most
incoming radio waves away from the radar station in the
same manner as plane mirrors usually reflect light rays
away from light sources. In regard to infrared sensors
mentioned above, a stealth bomber has the ability to fly
almost undetected through enemy airspace.
Figure 1
Source: [Link]
(a) (i) In Figure 2 below, draw a ray to show how a wave from the radar is
reflected at the bottom of the stealth bomber.
(1 mark)
stealth bomber
-
radar station
Figure 2
"* Meth sia po bon be lies horizo aly feue arieular position around the radar, it
can be dected by the radar,
(b) Ail of the exhausts in a stealth bomber pass through cooling vents before
flowing out of the plane. Explain how this can
help the stealth bomber to hide away from enemy detection.
(c) Apart from the above designs which help prevent the stealt bomber being
detected by radar and infrared sensors, state
two other essential features which are important in building the stealth bomber so
that it can hide away from enemy
detection.
(2 marks)
Provided by [Link]

DSE Physics - Section C : Question

WA5 : Wave Nature of Light
Part B : HKAL examination questions
7. < HKAL 1981 Paper IIB - 3>
line filament
PC - WA5 - Q / 07
yellow
filter
severall
metres
Student B
metro rule
metre rule
Student A
diffraction grating
Student 1 views a line filament lamp with a yellow filter through a diffraction
grating with its lines parallel to the filament as
shown. The grating is held at one end of a metre rule which is directed towards the
lamp. At the other end of the metre rule,
a second rule is placed at right angles to the first rule. The diffraction grating
has 6.0 × 10% lines per metre.
(a) Student B was told to move a pencil held vertically along the second rule until
it coincides with the yellow band in the
first image of the lamp as seen through the grating. If the distance between the
first rule and the pencil is x - 0.37 m as
shown in the figure, calculate the wavelength of the yellow light.
(2 marks)
(b) If student B keeps moving the pencil along the second metre rule in the same
direction, how many more yellow bands
will be encountered ? Explain. (You may extend the length of the second metre rule
by using more metre rules.)
(2 marks)|
(c) If the filter is removed, sketch the pattern seen by student A on both sides of
the filament, up to the second order, on the
figure below. Label the significant features.
(4 marks)
position of zero order
8.
DSE Physics - Section C : Question
WA5 : Wave Nature of Light
PC - WA5 - Q/08
< HKAL 1994 Paper I- 6>
(a) A student views a green light source through a double slit. The pattern
observed is shown in the Figure below.
How would the patter be affected if red light is used instead?
(1 mark)
(b)
180°
diffraction
grating
telescope
platform
0°
To observe the light spectrum of the sodium lamp, a student places a diffraction
grating on a platform such that
the incident light falls normally on the grating. There is a protractor scale on
the platform from 0° to 180º. The sodium
lamp produces a yellow light of a certain wavelength. The student uses the second-
order images and records the angular
position readings of the yellow line on each side of the central line as follows :
Left-hand side
(second order)
Right-hand side
(second order)
scale reading on protractor
45.67°
134.37°
(i)
Give the grating spacing to be 1684 nm, calculate the wavelength of the yellow
light produced by the sodium lamp.
Give your answer to 4 significant figures.
(2 marks)
(ii) Suggest ONE reason for making measurements by using the second-order images
instead of the first-order ones.
(1 mark)
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9.
DSE Physics - Section C : Question
WAS : Wave Nature of Light
< HKAL 2010 Paper I - 2>
metro rule
I m
Figure 1
image of LED seen
along this direction
PC - WA5 - Q/09
metre rule
An LED (Light Emitting Diode) emitting monochromatic light of wavelength & is
viewed through a diffraction grating of
160 lines per mm as shown in Figure 1.
With the aid of a pencil and two mutually perpendicular metre rules, several
positions of images corresponding to the maxima are located in the way shown.
Figure 2 shows the observation through the
diffraction grating.
images of LED
50
(a)
Find the angular position 0 of the image of the fourth maximum according to the
above observation. Hence determine
the wavelength & of the light emitted by the LED.
(3 marks)
(b) Calculate the maximum order of the LED image that may be observed for the above
grating.
(2 marks)
10. < HKAL 2011 Paper I - 3 >
1 m
monochromatic
light beam
diffraction grating
Not to scale
1.02 m
screen
Monochromatic light of wavelength 570 um from a laser is directed normally onto a
diffraction grating as shown. A screen is
placed at a distance 1 m behind the grating. The central part of the resulting
diffraction pattern is shown in the figure. The
separation between the second-order bright spots on both sides of the pattern is
1.02 m.
(a) Calculate the grating spacing d of the diffraction grating.
(3 marks)
DSE Physics - Section C : Question
WAS: Wave Nature of Light
PC - WA5 - Q / 10
10. (b) State one safety precaution in using the laser light.
(1 mark)
(c) State one precaution in performing the above experiment.
(1 mark)
Part C: HKDSE examination questions
11. < HKDSE Sample Paper IB - 5>
channel R2
FM 88 •
94
• 99 •
105
• 108 MHZ
AM 530 • 610 • 750 • 1000) • 1300 • 1600 kHz
channel R1
The Figure above shows the display panel of a radio and the broadcasting
frequencies of two radio channels R, and Ra.
(a) Find the wavelength of the radio waves used by channel RI.
(1 mark)
(b) Anita's house is surrounded by bills and at her house, the reception of one of
the two radio channels is botter. For which
radio channel is the reception better ? Explain your answer.
(2 marks)
12. < HKDSE 2012 Paper IB - 6 >
A double-slit set-up is used for the demonstration of the interference of light in
which the separation between slits Si and Sa is
0.5 mm and the screen is at 2.5 m from the slits. Calculate the average separation
between adjacent bright fringes on the
screen for a monochromatic light of wavelength 550 mm.
(2 marks)
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DSE Physics - Section C : Question

WA5 : Wave Nature of Light
13. < HKDSE 2013 Paper IB - 7>
PC - WA5 - Q/11
metal plate
cm
1.24 m
= To meter
X
To power supply
Diagram NOT drawn to scale
equidistant from 4 and B.
(a) Calculate the frequency of the microwaves.
(b) (i) The meter shows alternate maxima and minima when R moves along XY. Explain.
(2 marks)
(2 marks)
(ii) The second minimum is found at position P where AP = 1.24 m. Find BP.
(2 marks)
(it) When R is moved along XY from X towards Y and beyond, explain whether or not
it is possible to detect more than
three maxima.
(2 marks)
(c) Microwaves can be used in radar. Why are radio waves of lower frequencies not
suitable for use in radar? (2 marks)
DSE Physics - Section C: Question
WA5 : Wave Nature of Light
PC - WA5 - Q / 12
14. < HKDSE 2014 Paper IB - 7>
We i am bell the is experimen a tu to men tie wailing of monot to bie i into a from
the
towards the lamp. A diffraction grating with vertical lines is placed at one end of
rule A. A vertically mounted pin P is
moved along rule B until the pin is in line with the diffracted image of the
second-order to the observer. The corresponding
distance x is measured for finding the diffraction angle 8.
illuminated
slit
To supply
discharge
lamp
& observer
The grating has 300 lines per mm and x is found to be 0.38 m for the second-order
image.
(a) (i) Calculate the diffraction angle 0.
(1 mark)
(ii) Hence find the wavelength of the light from the lamp.
(3 marks)
(iii) Give ONE advantage of measuring the position of the second-order image
instead of the first-order one. (1 mark)
(b) In the experiment, the illuminated slit may not be well aligned along metre
rule A. Suggest one way to reduce this error.
(2 marks)
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DSE Physics - Section C : Question

WA5 : Wave Nature of Light
PC - WA5 - Q / 13
15. < HKDSE 2015 Paper IB - 7>
(a) A laser light beam of wavelength 650 nm is incident normally on a pair of slits
separated by a = 0.325 mm. Interference
pattern is observed on a screen at a distance D = 3.0 m from the slits as shown in
Figure 1. What is the separation
between adjacent first- and second-order bright fringes?
(2 marks)|
first-order bright fringe
Figure 1
laser
light
ah
double slits
D = 3.0 m
Diagram NOT drawn to scale
screen
(b) Figure 2 shows a set-up with two small LEDs separated by 6 mm and both LEDs
emit light of wavelength 650 mm. State
and explain what you would expect to see on the sereen.
(2 marks)
Figure 2
D
6 mm
LEDs
D = 3.0 m
Diagram NOT drawn to scale
screen
DSE Physics - Section C : Question
WA5: Wave Nature of Light
PC - WA5 - Q/14
15. Figure 3 shows circular water waves in a ripple tank. The two point sources Si
and S2, separated by 40 mm, are driven by the
same vibrator. The solid lines represent the wave crests from S, and the dotted
lines represent the wave crests from S. The
wavelength of the waves is 10 mm.
10 mm
90
80
70%2
60
Figure 3
50
40
20-
10
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
100
(c) Sketch on Figure 3 two lines to indicate all points P with path difference PS,
- PS2 equals to 10 mm (L,) and
20 mm (L2). State the kind of interference that occurs at these points P.
(3 marks)
(d) (i)
If the interference pattern is observed along line XY at 50 mm from the source as
shown, measure the separation
between adjacent first- and second-order maxima Ay.
(1 mark)
separation Ay =
(ii) However, using the calculation method in (a) would obtain 12.5 mm for this
separation. Why does this calculated
value differ with the measurement in (d) (i) ?
(2 marks)
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DSE Physics - Section C : Question

WAS: Wave Nature of Light
PC - WA5 - Q/15
16.
< HKDSE 2016 Paper IB - 6>
(a) A laser beam is directed perpendicularly towards a double slit of separation a
= 0.3 mm. The pattern of bright spots
projected on a screen 1.8 m away from the slits is shown in the Figure below.
20000000 CđC
(i)
Find the wavelength of the laser beam.
(3 marks)
(ii) Explain why the slit width has to be very narrow in order for the above
pattern to be observed.
(2 marks)
(b)
The double slit is now replaced by a diffraction grating of 500 lines per mm.
(i)
Find the separation between the central bright spot and first-order bright spot of
the pattern on the screen for the
same experimental settings.
(3 marks)
(ii) Sketch the pattern, up to the second-order, that you would expect to see on
the screen when using this diffraction
grating. A first-order bright spot has already been drawn for you.
(2 marks)
centre of the pattern
first-order bright spot
DSE Physics - Section C: Question
WA5 : Wave Nature of Light
1.40 m
PC - WA5 - Q/16
17. < HKDSE 2018 Paper IB - 7>
(a)
contral position
of the sereen
Figure 1
double slit
Figure alone in a use un fermensing the sardength of light emited by a laser
poiter. Several bright dots of
(i) For the same set of apparatus, suggost a way to increase the average separation
between the bright dots on the
screen.
(1 mark)
The double slit is now replaced by a diffraction grating with 400 lines per mm.
(i) Briefly explain why the accuracy of the experiment can be improved.
(1 mark)
(ili) Only five bright dots are observed on the screen such that the separation
between the 1" and 5th dots is 1.56 m.
Find 1.
(3 marks)
(b) To measure the speed of sound in air, a student connects two loudspeakers, A
and B, to a signal generator as shown in
Figure 2.
signal generator
(750 Hz)
2 m
To CRO
@ microphone
÷0.
Figure 2
1 m
The separation of A and B is 1 m. A microphone is used to pick up the sound along
the line XY at a distance of 2 m from
the loudspeakers. The central maximum is at point O while the next maximum is at
point P.
i With reference to the above settings, use the fringe separation equation Ay = 1 D
in double-slit interference to
find the wavelength 2 of sound is not accurate. Explain briefly.
(1 mark)
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DSE Physics - Section C : Question

WAS : Wave Nature of Light
PC - WA5 - Q/17
(b) (ii) The distance between O and P is found to be 1 m when the signal generator
is set at 750 Hz. By considering the
path difference PB - PA, use the results of the experiment to find the speed of
sound in air.
2 m
1 m
DSE Physics - Section C : Question Solution
PC - WA5 - QS / 01
WAS : Wave Nature of Light
SER the then are no payo for the maker proace e dould to te are to a int of mene
angers.
Question Solution
1. (a) (i v = f2
(3 × 10º) = f(0.03)
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f = 101° Hz
(ii) path difference = 0
(ili) constructive interference
(iv) loud
(v) Along XY, loud and soft sounds are heard
altemately
(1)
111
[3)
[4]
[1]
-
(b)
Receiver /17
[1]
Transmitter
P
As M moves, the intensity of sound increases to a maximum
and then decreases again as it approaches Q.
When Mis mid-way between Pand I, (OR indication in the figure that i-r),
microwaves emitted from the transmitter is reflected by M and collected by the
receiver.
(c) Any TWO of the following :
* Radar
* Microwave oven |
* Satellite communication
* Mobile phone.
(1)
[21
2.
(a) Interference of microwaves from 1 and B occurs due to different path
difference.
The reading reaches a maximum at positions of constructive interference
and a minimum at positions of destructive interference.
(1]
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2.
DSE Physics - Section C : Question Solution
WAS : Wave Nature of Light
PC - WA5 - QS / 02
(b) Constructive interference occurs at P.
(c)|
Path difference at P = 1 2
:: 2 = 36 -33 = 3 ст
By v =f^
:: (3 × 10") - f(0.03)
:. f = 101º Hz.
(d)
Meter reading
(1]
[2]
N
→ Distance
The interference is always constructive along XZ, so the reading is always at a
maximum.
However the intensity of the waves decreases with distance,
so the reading decreases as the probe moves away from X.
3. (a) By v - f^
For Radio waves :
(3 × 108) = (600 × 103) 2
:. 2 - 500 m
For TV waves:
(3 × 108) - (500 × 106) 2
:. 2 = 0.6 m
(b) (i) The phenomenon is diffraction.
(ii) As the wavelength of the radio waves is longer than that of the TV waves,
the radio waves are diffracted more by the hills, so the radio reception is better.
(c) The aeroplane reflects the TV waves.
The waves travelling directly to the aerial has interference with the waves
reflected by the acroplane.
(d) (i) Path difference = BP - BQ
= 3.95 - 3.20 = 0.75 km
- 750 m
[1]
[1]
(1]
[1]
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[1]
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DSE Physics - Section C : Question Solution
WA5 : Wave Nature of Light
PC - WAS - QS / 03
3. (d) (li) A path difference of 750m is equal to 1 ½ 2.
So the two signals give destructive interference.
As a result, the radio reception will become poorer.
(e) Destructive interference of signals from 2 neighbouring transmitters
can be avoided.
4.
(a) By v = fa
• (3 × 10*) = (1000 × 10) 2
:. 2 - 300 m
(b) The reception of channel R, is better.
Since the wavelength of R, is longer than that of Ra,
the radio waves of R, diffract more than that of R2.
5. (2) v = 52
: (3 × 109) = (1.2 × 109) 2
:. 2 = 0.25 m
(6) A6 = 6.5 × 5x 10-6 - 3.25 × 10-98
d-ExuxAr - 4× (3x109) × (3.25 x 10-5)
- 4880 in < accept 4875 m >
(1]
[1]
(1)
(11
[1]
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(1)
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[1)
6. (a)
stealth bomber
radar station
(i) < The incident ray and the reflected ray drawn with reflected angle equals the
incident angle>
(ii) < The cross X marked vertically above the radar station >
(11
(11
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DSE Physics - Section C : Question Solution

WA5 : Wave Nature of Light
(b) To lower the temperature of the exhausts
and reduce the emission of infra-red radiation.
(c) • The engine is very quiet.
@ The aircraft blends in with the background visually.
7. (a) tan 0 = 0.32 = 0.37
:. 0 = 20.3°
By d sin 0 = n 2
(50 x105 x sin 203° - 1x2
.. 2 - 5.78 × 10-7 m
(b) The maximum diffracted angle is 90°
By d sin 0 - n 2
" (60x109) sin 900 - x 5.78 x 10-)
1. 1 = 2.9
:. No 3rd or higher order maximum can be observed.
One more yellow band will be observed.
(c)
white
V
R Y
-
-
PC - WA5 - QS / 04
Any FOUR of the following features in the diagram:
* zero order image - white
* continuous spectra in each order
* violet / red ends marked correctly
* two orders shown on each side
* distance between 2nd and Ist order > distance between 1st and zeroth order
* spreading of colours greater in second order than the first order
8.
(a) The fringe separation increases.
(1]
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[1]
(1]
(!]
(4]
DSE Physics - Section C : Question Solution
WA5 : Wave Nature of Light
PC - WA5 - QS / 05
8.
(b) (i) By dsin @ = n2
:: (1689) in 13437 - 1567 - 1212
:. 2 *= 588.6 nm
(ii) Larger diffraction angle gives smaller percentage error.
9.
(a) For the 4th order image: x = 49.2 cm
: tan @ = 49.2× 10-3
:. 0 • 26.2°
< accept 26.0° to 26.4° >
By d sin 0 - n 2
: (IxIO) sin 26.2° - (4) &
:: 2 = 6.90 × 10-3 m < accept 6.8 × 10-7 m to 7.0 x 10-7 m>
(b) By dsin 0 = n 2
: (160 )sin 90° = n(6.00 × 10-)
* " = 9.06
:, maximum order is 9
OR
By " - sin 20"
sin 26.2'
:. " = 9.06
: maximum order is 9
10. (a) Second order: tan 0 - 10002
1. 0 - 27.020
By d sin® = n 2
:: d sin 27.02° = (2) (570 × 10-9)
:: d = 2.51 × 106m < accept 2.5 × 106m>
< Do not accept answer by using Ay = 2D/a>
(b) Any ONE of the following
* Do not view the laser light directly with eyes.
* Do not point laser light towards human bodies.
(c) Any ONE of the following
* Grating should be perpendicular to the incident light.
* Screen should be parallel to the grating.
(1)
(1]
(1)
(1]
(1]
(1)
-
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DSE Physics - Section C: Question Solution

WA5 : Wave Nature of Light
PC - WA5 - QS / 06
11.
(a) v =f*
• (3 × 109) = (1000 × 10ª) 2
:. 2 = 300 m
(b) The reception of channel R, is better.
Since the wavelength of R, is longer than that of R2,
the radio waves of R, diffract more than that of R2.
12. Ду - 2D = (550×10*) (2.5)
(0.5×10**)
= 2.75 × 10-3 m
13. (a) c - f2
• (3 × 10) = / (0.02)
: § = 1.5 × 101º Hz
(b) (i) Path difference of the diffracted waves from slits 1 and B varies along XY.
Constructive and destructive interference occur alternately to give maximum and
minimum.
(ii) BP - AP - 1.5 2
BP - 1.24 = 0.03
BP = 1.27 m
(iii) Path difference along XY must be less than slit separation AB.
AB • 6 cm = 32
Thus the path difference can never reach 32 along XY.
Therefore, it is not possible to detect more than 3 maxima along XY.
(Only A = 0%, 12, 2% can be detected.)
(c) Radio waves with lower frequencies and longer wavelength have greater
diffraction effect.
Radio waves by-pass small obstacles (OR Radio waves cannot be reflected by small
obstacies ).
14. (a) (i)
tan 0 = 0.38
:. 0 = 20.8°
(is) Grating spacing : d = 1x10=
300 )
By d sin 0 = n 1
: 1x10*'
-) sin 20.8° = (2) 2
300
:: 2 = 5.92 × 10-7 m
< accept 5.90 x 10-7 m to 5.97 x 10-7 m >
[1]
(1)
(1)
(1)
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[1]
[4]
[1]
[1]
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[1]
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[4]
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DSE Physics - Section C : Question Solution
WAS : Wave Nature of Light
PC - WA5 - QS / 07
14. (a) (ii) The diffracted angle is greater and thus the percentage error is
reduced.
[1]
OR
The value x is greater and thus the percentage error is reduced.
(b) Locate the second order images at the other side of the central line.
Take the average value of x obtained from both sides to find 2
OR
Measure the distance between the two images and divide it by 2 to give x.
[11
15. (a) Ду = AD = (650×10*') (3.0)
(0.325×10-3)
= 6 x 10-3m (6 mm)
(!)
(6) The screen is uniformly illuminated.
< OR No alternate bright and dark fringes can be observed >
The lights from the LEDs are not coherent. < OR No constant phase relationship >
(c)
10 mm
100
90
80
70 •
60
50
40
30 --
20
10
10
20
30
40
60
80
90
100
< A = PS - PS2 = 10 mm = 1 1: drawn correctly >
< A - PS, - PS2 = 20 mm = 2 2: drawn correctly >
Constructive interference occurs at P.
[1]1
[1]
[1)
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DSE Physics - Section C : Question Solution

WA5: Wave Nature of Light
15. (d) (i) Ay = 17 mm
< accept 15 mm to 19 mm >
(ii) The calculation is true only for small angle close to the central line.
Moreover, the screen is too close to the sources, D > a cannot be satisfied.
16.
(a) (i)
д - (4.0-0) - 0.4 cm
10
Ву Ду - 2D
< accept 0.39 to 0.41 cm >
+ (0.4×10-3) = -
2(1.8)
(0.3 ×10*')
:. 2 = 6.67 × 10-3 m
< accept 6.5 - 6.7 × 10-7 m >
(ii) To ensure that light through the two slits have large diffraction
so that the two diffracted light can interfere (OR overlap).
(b) )
By dsin 0 = n 2
500'
sin 0 = (1) (6.67 × 10-7)
:. 0 = 19.5°
By tan19.5°
(1.8)
.. x * 0.637 m
< accept 0.633 m to 0.640 m >
(ii)
centre of the pattern
PC - WA5 - QS / 08
(4)
[11
[11
DSE Physics - Section C: Question Solution
WA5: Wave Nature of Light
PC - WA5 - QS / 09
17. (b) (i) The equation can only be applied for a « D.
(ii) Path difference at P = 1 2
1= (a+0.5) +2-60-0.53 +27 = 12
:. 2 = 0.438 m
By v = fr
:: v = (750) (0.438) = 329 m s*'
<accept 328 to 330 m s*' >
[1]
[11
[1]
(41
(1]
17.
< 5 spots shown with symmetry about the centro >
< separation between 1st and 2nd order spots is larger >
(a) i)
Increase the separation D between the double slit and the screen.
(i) The separation of the bright dots on the screen becomes larger, thus the
percentage error is smaller.
(iii) Second order bright fringe : tan 0, = (1.56/2).
(1.40)
÷ 0, = 29.1°
Grating spacing: d =
(10-')
= 2.5 × 10-6 m
(400)
By dsin 0 = n i
:. (2.5 × 10*6) sin 29.1° = (2) 2
* 1 = 6.08 × 10-7 m
< accept 6.06 to 6.10 × 10-7 m >
[4]
[1]
[1]
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[1]
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