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Study material in basic electrical

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5 views16 pages

Study Material

Study material in basic electrical

Uploaded by

kumar284137
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
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No: a. . lo eleehon ( holer aro Se opi ith £9 ual. 1 o | eG holel ore not eral. 34 Conduct vty ue pews Conduok vi ty vs inipe all el Govern! u due to “etal cusrert le i both cloctrona & holes - on tke majonty bol iN--type con bicetinn Ven Aovolifea Pat Is A jessie Opevalise gy Pal Saselitis Wa x when The hve [ewwanel) y| A dy Cennee tok tl pelypn half mwlo award bi r rr n yee fete ee ere leer) tdi myo. eteownnal we ennnd oaolllers | oooice vty NM) ty pe es : Kreanalicoled Af | ! Ne olan , Wide jamre trent vveed iat de _ a Prre “Cruel ¢ 2 cls by anid bebe pitt ay phe apptioe) fomered poteition ert allio an olecdic field 0 jyporeite slo the petttiol orn tke potowleal bevrven col Wh. int i, aed ted verry emall aa ce Ae “lke potoviliol hevnnen ‘ (Nols ons) emall ovward vallaqgs vs Ai fficioct “by coo} steuainale Te” bared polerleahs thus the Yn ; \ yesislance beenmes Zan: | ~*~ Dve 7 i. forms. oO ne Js diffursen proves, iiormehi er whith all fe mobilecon free tefed - Tha region fs | ryeeton (om change le Jons) fe. | Charge 4 camer, one cefp alee Know 4 ie ; ee spate Chee — on, becaunre theye Ano Sree change availedle. for conduttron + Aovoleyes a Tewwetale, ions Cami ens . arb fa nN — potential, off onLe A aie pete ET cm alld _— tole Ig basen paleitial © 9 0 00,0/8! oo oel(@itt! Gee Fg fo ci | ee Spats chowge region | Operaticn ef PA Gunetose - ap | aT EAE Than ta ee tom pe fur wv connected xto P-type and ve -ferwrval connette to N type ge wrrconclicelor 4 a Pr Sanckeen Ai odes , the jurrlin y aaid bo be —fonowrd biased. a she applied forvasd potiectia eed abliahet) an cleric field oppowte do the poterttiad bamer| the potanteal banter 5, meduted ot me UD ox Ae “tht poteial harder is very smells & mall qerward Village a Sufficient to completely cliuanele Th’ baried polethial Thus the Jn vesistance becomes Zero: 8 One tke potewbial bawier sis elincrnatn A Sfroond voltage , jyunciluon osfabliahor toe nN Yesvrtante path fo tar enbye Crvaud , ian aX cursoit Plows in Ke crvetut called fonoard curves, | fi? Reverse bias : | pily x When an’ erdernad voltage vs | appticel *o PN Jjunchis in anch | doo 0 00 = a way that He tntveaset tae barnes Pofertial flan 1 bs wid A »@ yeverse bias: For wenense- bias | Ha —ve teswimal b connected Lo R | P p- ty pe Bove femal o> conneited | er key pe Bers concuctor, ~ wher RB Voltage te ay plied beh \unchig all the mw jow-ty Carmen region are ca Clee! -towavolt fe ve. ter ey Fe belt caure | Ke waka oty camer & N-togzon are attracten| } ie fe 4ve emwnnal 4 The balleny , hance Khe dsplitisn spot n inCrenses | | Ho bbames potentral wheeh * Thr Ineweaxed Canhen curs THE | prevent. fter ffoeref cha June tion vesulle “Pn a hah yesntante pot i est ablicted - | ararsca y [-ptows Proven ows Heron H owl mrinenty | currevtl ly Known as veverse S ve x ALG vi esutl a cmall amoral % ¢ ecctuvokise cure! fh Chosaclenshts PN- FJuncksn dioole wo pomonsd bias : a p-type pevia conductor b connected ao 4M ftenvanal & N- - type &e ap Ve demwinnel ap He wn cone Hm bathe calles { Some fon bics + (« On vore the voltage slowly | anes potential vs eliminated ow b Knewn as vue tke bb ; www starts flowing cplie Vola din voltage: SO? Knee held vontagel vin) Con cal_tm voltage © sp a Na he fprworrd appbed wollage tncveaset he forvord current H pee ee, Vollags ae ob may destroy te = dust et overs Pr eaeg x the portion “on tov OA t known 2k non ~ Liver i. neat opus negion : AM peit oad tag nine Va, “The. post : a Ke on APB. 00 nie uy Known eperalndg region 4 cliccle . iW) Reverse Bias = Fer vevesse p-type Sewireondusfor 1 towne KN type % Lens tem nad 9 the betlewy xe Under this Conclition, all Camaen whith cwould athaikd 5 | Hus only tmmebile erm wed wind Cam ek tow 4 shong ees yeaion ata TKO Juncktdn , 4 offers very hagh ve a Henle veu emall cuxrcrrl ‘ iru, i+ be -vefewed as depletisn megan always pp Camsers, bed tt peo CH tke bs ec we feat? “Hor ug be ri. = ne . heal NO TR Juutlss weavstence beromer ve De : | JP’ PracBeally no cursed! flows thevergh Civerit . d Hee veverse Willage ta Further becuse FE \cinetie enerry the clechons bevomer Co thet they Knoceordt electors from : Sens Conductor? + | a A thi, stage, breacdown © Aaptelizo \ weaion octurs at Hc juvtetion, ve UU in 7 J * ~ Audden we “tn cusserl cluele ponerty camer’ Thin Cured to Known ak seeverst sachuvaiticn — Currevtl + 4509 a the reverse Yesvtance | HE diode 5 ofrlained rm i slope % tke Cuwe.- R, Ft AVe AD, athe veataee lo Very Wa ah in He ovded x mega ehun- LG Oe es, saloon vets "ashe Copel | fiz caplise lye a Ing PN Swe | os dicloeOe 7 hones The “ju F vil auras bpd peel ope eg a peta Sato rowan pasta CO) o> 3D ffusaon cap antares C&pd “Tremation Caparilainus Loo Spat? © STG | nari tanta!C C,) 4 Gn severse bios 7 TAR PAN vegions elke sole have dow vosvrtance and ae | as thee peactes © The dapelicn region ba li wae tke juncber ads A «x Sine fhe thicenere ef doplobion , Rory es pencls en TR aweowd yeu a Ca Can be Corbolled with Oe hol e q artes a Vag Knee Vola Va wb Rivese wie. k + Convlaut demenclin on Senn - Conolustoy Coed. Ge no My Fort alec jundleen > 4% fet oliffured juorks, Diffusion Con Slovage Capartlanta Cony > the ative effect ls "present , soig | fk Suncttss “2 foroorral biasce! called Idiffusion ca ci ton Lo, ~ Hence this capacilane cannot be ideuch fred interns a4 ov clicbackne low Et Vo ex ot veectly voi th aia a cure * The ae Valo « whe TC Mean Life Awe % Chore 2 Camens Si es 7? lonvlaud = 2 for S B41 for g —> Fenoerd cuwerd a Dy > Reverse Gecborvalisy Curve rct ° : Vi <> Volt eq rievelint *“ elena Application fa prs divale | x Usted as porer cliodle Cos verb fies cliocles| an Be powes aupplies * VaAcd as esaqnal iooles lan Commumrcal Ceutte for moolulectisy fs demodubetess ei Small anes x Uses! 9% Zener déooles ie vollage. tabi ly Civ » « Used ab Varartot livolea tn Yadio Ty veretvens - i * (2be, as switch 1, Jogic. cored te thal ane an Compilers ; ‘ Rech fiers * A rect firey A t 4 . a Che cee ap AC And De gd oy * That Convert oleic Lake PN loads reetional conduelys > The pre ws g 7 Convert n. A ip dunto De lian : oe |) zenor diode 2 | x a a PRN vegton ove heavily oleped | Hew breatedoun vollage can be vedutad + | ae rohan He clepu “ heavy , even The: an | Voltage ww Low, the Guetse feetel al bamet wil | be so trong us te elechons an the covalout | bands can breaic awa fro tig, bonds - | hve effect ve known an xomer effect ° ode whieh exbr bits the geror effect i 2 called a Zenwy diodle » Hence it % clefivad i (as a yevesse biased heavily chefreed pn ~ Juvtledn | | dicde wlech eppenotins in‘ byaacdown region’, a the Zencv dicdos hove beory des gured to | | fi i | Spetale ad vollages yang from a fee vob aon | Sewesad “hundred” yolth “Y | + Bvena smal) veverse voltage, ts Capable | Prduaiing foe ne. 4 Currsrid Camet , Who 3 | Zener diedke » © ched an the breatedown regio | Case must be —fateen, Serve EG Castor!) Hen | thomugh He Aede mary closing id } ar di t squisvolot Crrrtd xara , ch. a Et & Zwi\as Ao Shot met Aiootl ote ne bl end. eo eatreds te Laue woe Ee a fr Vv, emo Reda CAR" -ofhasy x When tm reverse bias voillbee crew diode extecds He breatedouon vollage Vz, The” Current increases Very cheery . shevefore . byoatedeuon vegon , a zoves diode waay be wep by a eal “ Voltsae No in Senes ith BL Zones yermtonte. Ven Choracbonsis & Lover diode oy The forward “chescclemch A Toned diode Zawalat do thet a PN juuttscn diode othe wevers= Chasaclenshe ¥ gores clicde » w fellows ° a the Yevese cuveerd presevl al The ongan and He knee & He cue & dusts reverse fracage cusscal g mancoty Larabee - ce AR He vevense voifage w 2 gradually an HE breatdown occurs cl knee and the ducrecses Yapr dly TS corbrof thin wrt 2 ) Auttable ently nal vestane hes te be wed . athe max peril Vole 5 cussaal is 2 the won: wuable awd eit. 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