ZERO BASED

VALUE ENGINEERING

Publisher : Engineering Deployment

Date : October 2023
Revision : 00

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

01
Building Structure Forecourt
1.1 Grid Layout
1.2 Roofing: Purlin and Panel
1.3 Structure Frame: Beam and Column
03 3.1 Site Grading
3.2 Steel vs Synthetic Fiber
3.3 Rebar vs Synthetic
1.4 External & Internal Wall: 3.4 Greener Area
Sandwich Panel and Alternative
1.5 Glass Wall: Height Reduction
1.6 Flooring: Floor Hardener

04
Electric Vehicle Charger
1.7 Foundation Slab
4.1 Canopy Column
1.8 Footing
4.2 Curve Roof

02
Canopy & Roofing
2.1 Optimizing Size
2.2 Single Skin vs Lean Design
2.3 Double Column vs Single Column
2.4 Pocket Foundation

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 EDITOR’S NOTE

THE TEAM THE TEAM

Welcome to the very first edition Zero‐Based Value Engineering
Magazine! Dirk Kriechel
Engineering Deployment Manager
In a world where innovation is the lifeblood of progress, the concept of
value engineering become indispensable. At ZBVE magazine, we’re
dedicated to exploring, promoting and celebrating the powerful
principles of Zero‐Based Value Engineering (ZBVE) that drive positive
change and transformation across markets.

The content of this magazine will bring you elements by elements

showcasing remarkable case studies between 4 markets in Asia. You’ll Nawal Mukhtar
discover how ZBVE has revolutionized in their design, enabling them to Engineering Deployment Manager
redefine our standards and elevate their competitiveness.

As we continue our mission to be a premier platform for ZBVE

knowledge and expertise, we invite you to engage with us. Share our
thoughts, ideas and experiences with our growing community of readers
and enthusiasts. We are committed to fostering a collaborative space
where the ZBVE community can learn from one another and push
boundaries of what’s possible. Akil Harnesswala
Engineering Deployment Manager
Thank you to each individual that contribute direct & indirectly to this
edition. We hope this edition inspires you to think differently, adapt to
change and ultimately, create value in entirely new ways.

Sincerely,

Jean Baptiste Bascou

Head of Global Engineering Deployment Manager Eva Tang
Engineering Deployment Manager
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BUILDING STRUCTURE

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 GRID LAYOUT
A grid system is a set of horizontal and vertical lines that divide a drawing into
equal or proportional segments. Each segment is identified by a letter and a
number such as A1, B2, C3 and so on.

TRADITIONAL
Non-standard column distances in the building created less
opportunity to optimize sales area

NEXT IN LINE
Grid layout every 6.0m and 3m with building depth of 12m

REASONS WHY WE PREFERRED

 Standardization of column positions BEFORE

 Standardization of steel frame & truss
 Increase sales area footprint
 No column inside building to create flexibility on the interior layout

ESTIMATION COST SAVINGS

USD 45k or 43% in overall cost

Reference Source: Artelia PH

AFTER
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GRID LAYOUT BENEFITS

BENEFITS DESCRIPTION
1. Uniformity and Consistency A grid layout provides a consistent and uniform design throughout the construction site. It ensures that elements
such as foundation, columns, beam, trusses utilities are aligned and spaced evenly, resulting in a visually pleasing
and organized buildings
2. Precise Measurements The grid lines serve as reference points for accurate measurement and alignment of structures, and other features.
This helps to ensure that everything is properly dimensioned and positioned, reducing errors and inconsistencies in
construction
3. Easy Navigation and A grid layout simplifies navigation and orientation within the construction site. The grid lines act as guides, making it
Orientation easier for planners, designer and engineers
4. Flexibility and Adaptability Grid layouts offer flexibility in terms of future development. The modular nature of the grid allows for the addition
or modification of structures without disrupting the overall layout. It enables efficient expansion or redevelopment
of Buildings over time
5. Efficient Land Utilization Grid layouts maximize plot utilization by minimizing wasted space. The regular pattern of the grid allows for efficient
placement of space and areas inside buildings, and other elements, optimizing the use of available footprint
6. Simplified Infrastructure Infrastructure planning and installation, such as water supply, sewerage, electrical lines, and telecommunication
Planning networks, can be more straightforward in a grid layout. The orderly arrangement of the grid lines facilitates the
logical placement and connection of utilities, reducing construction and maintenance costs
7. Enhanced Aesthetics Grid layouts can contribute to the overall aesthetic appeal of Buildings. The geometric pattern formed by the grid
lines can create a visually pleasing and symmetrical environment. It also provides opportunities for architectural
design to complement the grid structure
8. Time and Cost Savings The use of a grid layout result in time and cost savings during the construction process. The systematic organization
and precise measurements simplify construction tasks, reduce errors, and enhance productivity

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 ROOFING: PURLIN ROOFING PANEL
Option 1: PU Sandwich Roof Panel
From C Purlin to Z Purlin
Material : Steel & aluminium for outer face, Polyurethane
foam (PU) for insulation core
Benefits : Excellence insulation, energy efficiency,
lightweight, fast installation, weather resistance,
low maintenance, cost-effective, environmental
benefits
Rating :

Option 2: UPR-250 Roof Panel

Material : Aluminium & stainless for outer face,

Polyisocyanurate foam (PIR) for insulation core
Benefits : Lightweight, rigid panel, easy to handle and install,
fire resistance and cost-effective
Rating :

REASON WHY WE PREFERRED

 Thermal insulation
 Less purlin, larger span
 Less exposure hour
BENEFITS ESTIMATION COST SAVINGS

 Cost Effective USD 415 or 6% savings ESTIMATION COST SAVINGS

 Reduce Material Usage Reference Source: Meinhardt ID
 Greater Strength-to-Weight Ratio USD 6 per sqm for Option 2
 Increased Load Bearing Capacity Reference Source: Artelia PH

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STRUCTURE FRAME: BEAM STRUCTURE FRAME:
BEAM & COLUMN

Benchmark: Rafter Beams

BEFORE AFTER
Option 1: Trusses + Rafters BENEFITS

 Larger span, efficient space, speed of construction and lightweight

ESTIMATION COST SAVINGS

Left page:
 Option 1 Trusses + Rafters : USD12 per sqm (USD3k per site)
 Option 2 All Trusses : USD5 per sqm (USD1.2k per site)

Right page:
 Concrete beam to steel truss with 9m span & concrete column to steel column with
Option 2: All Trusses 6m, 6m, 3m grid : USD 1.6k
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Reference Source: Artelia PH & Meinhardt ID
EXTERNAL & INTERNAL WALL

Lightweight
• Sandwich panels are relatively lightweight compared to traditional
construction materials like concrete or brick This makes them easier to
transport, handle and install, resulting in reduced labor and construction time

BENEFITS ESTIMATION COST SAVINGS

 Excellent Insulation  USD 15.80 per sqm

 Energy Efficiency
- SANDWICH PANEL

Reference Source: Artelia PH

 Lightweight Note: Study shown cost increased for Malaysia
 Structural Strength and Indonesia from Meinhardt MY and ID
 Fire Resistance
 Acoustics Insulation
 Design Versatility
 Cost-Efficiency
 Environmental Benefits
 Maintenance
 Weather Resistance
 Speed of Construction

Speed of Construction
• The ease of handling and quick installation of sandwich panels can accelerate
the construction process, reducing project timelines and minimizing
disruptions

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OTHER OPTIONS FOR Option 5: Autoclaved Aerated Concrete (AAC)
EXTERNAL AND Material : Quartz sand, calcined gypsum, lime, portland
INTERNAL WALL cement, water & aluminium powder
Benefits : Lightweight, insulation, sound insulation,
environmental benefits, speed of construction, green
building certification, cost efficient
Ratings :
Option 2: Ultra Cold Storage Panel (UCSP)

Material : Self-extinguishing Polyisocyanurate (PIR) form

Benefits : Energy efficient, cost & time saving, reduce waste,
Option 6: Drywall (Internal Wall Only)
airtight
Ratings : Material : Gypsum core with paper facing both sides. Can be
custom made for moisture resistance and fire
resistant
Benefits : Speed of construction, no wet work, lightweight and
easy to dismantle / retrofit
Ratings :
Option 3: Ultra-High-Performance Concrete
(UCO)

Material : Cement, silica fume, silica sand, steel fibers, Option 7: Light Brick (Internal Wall)
superplasticizers
Benefits : High strength, durability, thin cross-sections, Material : Cement, sand, lime, aluminium powder, calcium
aesthetic versatility, fire resistance, low silicate and other additives
permeability, improved insultation, reduce Benefits : Reduce weight, improved insulation, sustainability,
construction timeline ease of installation, speed of construction,
Ratings : eco-friendly
Ratings :

Option 4: Eco Bricks

Material : Building block made entirely from unrecyclable

plastic
Benefits : Waste reduction, energy efficient, lightweight,
insulation, reduce carbon footprint
Ratings :

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 GLASS WALL
HEIGHT REDUCTION

BEFORE: 2.7M HEIGHT

BEFORE: 2.8M HEIGHT

AFTER: 2.4M HEIGHT

AFTER: 2.55M HEIGHT

ESTIMATION COST SAVINGS BENEFITS ESTIMATION COST SAVINGS

USD 1.9K for 16 panels of 1.2m (W) and 20 panels for 0.95m (W) Cost effective, design optimized, USD 128 for 3 panels of 1.2m (W) and 1 main door of 1.8m (W)
Reference Source: Artelia PH reduce wastage
Reference Source: Meinhardt ID
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 FLOORING No Floor Tiles >> Replace with Floor Hardener
Proposed area to be internal shop, manager room, staff room, storeroom, utilities room, apron
and walkway

What is Floor
Hardener
Floor hardener is a particle
form made by mixing cement
with grit/stone chips mixture
to increase hardness and
durability to the concrete floor
without affecting cement
chemistry

ESTIMATION COST
SAVINGS

USD 22 per sqm

Reference Source: Artelia PH

AFTER

BENEFITS

 Fast application on site

 Low-cost maintenance
 Eliminate uneven tiles issue for future
renovation
 Cost effective

Layout Reference: Meinhardt MY BEFORE

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FOUNDATION SLAB
Foundation Slab Without Piling
• Also known as a slab-on-grade foundation, is a type of shallow foundation
Why Do We Need Piling? in which a concrete slab rests directly on the ground below it. A slab-on-
grade foundation usually consist of a thin layer of concrete across the
• Weak or unstable soil • Proximity to trees entire area of the foundation with thickened footings at the edges or below
• High water table • Urban Environments load bearing walls in the middle of the building
• Lateral loads • Historical sites
• Expansive soils • Large loads
• Nearby excavations • Environmental considerations
BY DEFAULT

 By default, no piling works are required except the

site condition require piles

BENEFITS

 Cost Effective
 Speed of construction timeline due to simpler and
quicker to install compared to deep foundation
 Design optimized due on certain elements such as
reduce slab thickness, reduce plinth beam
dimension and reinforcement
 The live load of the building will be distributed
directly to the ground
BEFORE

ESTIMATION COST SAVINGS

 Total cost reduction can go up to USD65 or 22% per

square meter
Reference Source: Artelia ID

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AFTER
 FOOTING

What is Isolated
Footing
• Also known as pad or spread
footing are commonly used for
shallow foundation to carry and
spread concentrated loads, caused
for example by column or pillars.
Isolated footings can consist either
or reinforced or non-reinforced
material

BEFORE

BENEFITS

 Cost Effective
 Speed of construction timeline in
overall construction
 Design optimized
 The load distributed to single
column or point load over a wider
area of the soil & reducing the
pressure on the soil ESTIMATION COST SAVINGS
AFTER
 Total cost reduction can go up to USD 6,621 in overall
Reference Source: Meinhardt ID

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CANOPY & ROOFING

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OPTIMIZING CANOPY SIZE:
PLAN VIEW
NOTE:

To refer to Grid Benefits, Page 6

OPTIMIZING CANOPY SIZE

Canopy size before = 46m x 12m

= 552 sqm

Canopy size after = 44m x 9m

= 396 sqm

ESTIMATION COST SAVINGS

Total cost reduction estimated to be

USD 25k in overall

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OPTIMIZING CANOPY SIZE: What’s change?
ELEVATION Grid standardization 9m; 4m side
Canopy fascia height reduction, following new MVI

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STANDARD VS SINGLE SKIN VS LEAN DESIGN

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 STANDARD VS SINGLE SKIN VS LEAN DESIGN

BENCHMARK OPTION 1 OPTION 2

REASONS WHY WE PREFERRED ESTIMATION COST SAVINGS

 Simplicity  Option 1: USD 28.6k

 Design optimization  Option 2: USD 29.3k
Reference Source: Artelia PH 19
 CANOPY CEILING VS WITHOUT CEILING

AFTER
BEFORE

REASONS WHY WE PREFERRED

ESTIMATION COST SAVINGS
 Simplicity
 Total cost reduction is USD 9.5k for 396 sqm
 Design optimization
Reference Source: Artelia TH

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DOUBLE COLUMN VS SINGLE COLUMN

ESTIMATION COST DIFFERENCE

 Double Column: USD 65.31k

 Single Column: USD 58.59k
 Variance: USD 6.72k

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POCKET FOUNDATION What is Pocket Foundation?

The pocket foundation is a specific type of foundation in which, apart from

standard calculations concerning the fulfilment of the limit states in the base of
the footing

Note:
1. Proper selection of the depth and width of the pocket and the number of
offsets
2. Leaving enough space between the walls of the pocket and the column and
use of a keyed-shaped inner surface of the pocket

PROS AND CONS

ESTIMATION COST SAVINGS
 Cost Effective
 Savings USD 500 per pocket
 Speed of construction
Reference Source: Artelia TH
× Require skilled manpower

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FORECOURT

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 SITE GRADING OPTIMIZATION

The grade (also

called slope, incline, gradient, main
BENEFITS ESTIMATION COST
fall, pitch or rise) of a physical feature,
landform or constructed line refers to the SAVINGS
tangent of the angle of that surface to the  Reduction in earthwork volume
horizontal. It is a special case of the slope,  Reduced the retaining wall Varies because depending on the
where zero indicates horizontally. A larger heights areas; indication can be in the
number indicates higher or steeper degree of  Lesser excavation and backfilling range of USD3.5k to USD 100k
"tilt". Often slope is calculated as a ratio of works
"rise" to "run", or as a fraction ("rise over run") Reference Source: Artelia PH
 Cost reduction
in which run is the horizontal distance (not the
distance along the slope) and rise is the
vertical distance.

.
FILL
CUT

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CASE STUDY SITE GRADING OPTIMIZATION: NTI TABANGAO

PROS AND CONS

 Cost Effective
 Speed of construction
× Require skilled manpower

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CASE STUDY SITE GRADING OPTIMIZATION: NTI LEMERY

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 STEEL FIBER SYNTHETIC FIBER

Various types of steel: carbon steel or stainless steel Material Composition Various materials:- polypropylene, polyethylene, nylon
& polyester

Enhance mechanical properties of concrete, increased Strength Enhancement Improve the durability and toughness of concrete but
tensile and flexural strength not as significant as steel fibers

Effective at controlling and reducing cracks in concrete Crack Control Useful in controlling cracks, particularly in areas prone
especially in high-stress application by distribute loads to plastic shrinkage cracking and early-age cracking
and prevent crack propagation
Corrosion Resistance
Can corrode over time if concrete is exposed to moisture Do not corrode
and aggressive chemicals

Slightly expensive than synthetic fiber Cost Cheaper than steel fiber

Adding steel fibers to concrete may require adjustments Workability Typically, easier to incorporate into concrete mixes
to the mix design and can affect the workability of without significant changes to workability
concrete mixture.

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BENCHMARK VS REBARS VS SYNTHETIC

BENCHMARK

WITH REBARS

WITH SYNTHETIC
CURRENT DESIGN

BENEFITS ESTIMATION COST SAVINGS

 Improve durability USD 880 per sqm

 Crack control Reference Source: Artelia PH
 Ease mixing and placing
 Corrosion resistance

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FORECOURT MATERIALS COMPARISON

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 DECREASE CONCRETE, INCREASE GREEN AREA

Bigger area was

converted from bldg.
Footprint to Unpaved
Area

Concrete Pavement to
Gravel Paver

REASONS WHY WE PREFERRED

ESTIMATION COST SAVINGS
 Less cost for materials
 Environmentally friendly by increase the grass area
Varies; depending on the areas.
 Lessen the heat due to increase green area
Above case study saving is USD 950 30
ELECTRICAL VEHICLE
CHARGER

SHELL FULHAM ROAD, LONDON, UK

OTP FROM 14 JANUARY 2022

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EV CANOPY COLUMN BENEFITS V‐Like
Columns Slanted Roof without Gutter
 Cost Effective
 Design optimization with simplified design
 Reduce wastage and unnecessary features

Optimize Bay Concrete Pedestal

Numbering

Front Teal Fascia with Signage

ESTIMATION COST SAVINGS Solar Panels

BEFORE
USD 1.7k for 2 EVC charge point
Reference Source: Artelia PH
EV Chargers on Concrete Pedestal

Scope:
1. Slanted Roof without Gutter (Free Fall)
2. Without Side and Teal Fascia
3. 1450mm L x 450mm H Bay Numbering Mounted on framing
4. Removal of Roof Flashing
5. Clearance Height 3.5M
6. No footing but the used of Concrete pedestal for canopy support
7. V-Like Steel Columns
8. Solar Panels
9. EV chargers on a Concrete Pedestal
10. White Markings for Parking Bays
AFTER 11. Bollards
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EV CANOPY COLUMN: PLAN AND ELEVATION

Reference Source: Artelia PH

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EV CANOPY CURVE ROOF
BENEFITS

 Cost Effective
 Design optimization with simplified design
 Reduce wastage and unnecessary features

ESTIMATION COST SAVINGS

USD 20k for 12m length roofing

Reference Source: Artelia PH

BEFORE

Scope:
1. Curved Roofing without Gutter (Free Fall)
2. Without Side and Front Teal Fascia (Signage Only)
3. Tubular Framing and Canopy
4. 1450mm L x 450mm H Bay Numbering Mounted on Tubular
framing
5. Removal of Roof Flashing
6. Reduction of Clearance Height (Based on NBCP standard
minimum Canopy height is 3m minimum only) proposed is 3.2m
7. Reduction of Length and width of canopy (12m L and 3m W) 6m
column in between
8. No footing but the used of Concrete pedestal for
canopy support
AFTER
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 No Teal Fascia Curved roofing without Tubular Framing and Removal of Roof
on all side, only gutter (free fall) columns for EV canopy Flashing
Signage

EV CANOPY CURVE ROOF

1450mm L x 400mm H
Bay numbering mounted Removal of center
on framing Island Concrete Pedestal

Removal of Roof Flashing

Why Do We Need EV Canopy?

As well as protecting the vehicles, these canopies also offer protection with sheltered
cover from the unpredictable weather to the customers whilst charging up their cars.
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CONVENTIONAL VS OPTION 1 VS OPTION 2

ESTIMATION COST SAVINGS

USD 1.8k for Option 1 and USD 4.1k for Option 2

Reference Source: Artelia PH
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