•
•
•
•
•
•
1/2 •
–
–
2/2 •
–
Generating Stations –
Transmission Lines –
Distribution Systems –
–
1/8 •
–
–
2/8 •
–
1880 Illuminating Companies
Pearl Street
Illuminating Company
DC –
Underground Cables
–
–
AC –
3/8 •
1885 –
1890 150
21 AC
–
Alternating Current –
DC
AC –
1/4 3/8 •
2/4 3/8 •
3/4 3/8 •
4/4 3/8 •
4/8 •
AC DC –
DC Rectifier
Inverter –
–
DC 560
1/1 HVDC 4/8 •
1/1 HVDC 4/8 •
5/8 •
Parson –
25 –
–
High-Speed Steam Turbines
60 50 –
–
6/8 •
–
3/3 kV 1890
1969 765 kV
1982 –
2/5 kW 600000 MW
1076000 MW 2006 –
3/6 kW
7/8 •
1917 –
–
8/8 •
–
–
1/4 •
110 12 1279 –
400 1283 –
–
–
1315
2/4 •
2 MW 8 MW 6 MW 1338 –
1 MW و
1338 –
50 MW
1341 –
1341
1341 –
3/4 •
1344 1342 –
1346 2 –
1353 28 –
4/4 •
MW 1360 –
305 W 11800
27/5 –
10 1381
73700 MW 1394 –
920 W
1389 –
13/3 7700 MW
1/4 4/4 •
2/4 4/4 •
3/4 4/4 •
4/4 4/4 •
1/13 •
–
25 –
–
2/13 •
–
–
–
–
1/13 2/13 •
–
–
–
–
–
2/13 2/13 •
–
DC –
–
3/13 2/13 •
4/13 2/13 •
–
–
–
5/13 2/13 •
–
–
6/13 2/13 •
7/13 2/13 •
–
–
–
8/13 2/13 •
9/13 2/13 •
–
–
10/13 2/13 •
11/13 2/13 •
12/13 2/13 •
13/13 2/13 •
–
–
–
3/13 •
–
Greenhouse –
Gases
4/13 •
–
–
5/13 •
–
–
–
2006
74
6/13 •
9 20 –
7
10 –
7/5
–
782
17 2009 –
7/13 •
–
–
–
8/13 •
–
–
–
9/13 •
–
20 –
2000 –
49260
10/13 •
–
–
–
11/13 •
–
–
12/13 •
–
–
13/13 •
–
–
10 8
2 –
4 2020
1/6 •
–
30 –
24 13/8
21 kV –
–
Step-Up Transformers –
–
2/6 •
HV: High Voltage –
230 138 ،115
765 500 ، 345 EHV: Extra-High Voltage
230 ،132 ،63 –
400
3/6 •
1-1 –
One-Line Diagram –
Buses –
4/6 •
1-1 Load –
–
132 63 –
33 11 20
220/380 –
5/6 •
–
1-1
–
–
6/6 •
HVDC: High Voltage Direct Current –
AC
–
DC
–
DC AC
1/2 1/17 •
–
–
–
–
3-1 –
2/2 2/17 •
–
–
1000 MW –
–
1/3 3/17 •
–
–
DC
AC 1890 –
DC 1980 1960 –
2/3 4/17 •
DC –
–
Underground Transmission
–
DC –
DC –
250 kV Under Water Line
150
3/3 5/17 •
FACTS: Flexible –
1980 AC Transmission Systems
AC
FACTS –
–
6/17 •
–
–
1/3 7/17 •
1990 –
Vertically Integrated –
–
Restructuring Deregulation
2/3 8/17 •
–
–
Social Welfare
–
3/3 9/17 •
–
1382 –
1/3 10/17 •
–
Distributed –
Generation
2/3 11/17 •
–
–
–
3/3 12/17 •
–
1/5 13/17 •
–
–
2/5 14/17 •
–
Smart Grid
–
3/5 15/17 •
90 –
–
Micro Grids
–
4/5 16/17 •
–
–
5/5 17/17 •
–