INDEX

CALLSIGN DEPARTURE DESTINATION PAGE

1 VT–AJI MUMBAI JAMSHEDPUR 11

2 VT–ANM JAIPUR NAGPUR 14

3 VT–AOT BIDAR MANGALORE 17

4 VT–APD DUBAI DELHI 20

5 VT–APL AURANGABAD CHENNAI 23

6 VT–APM AURANGABAD CHENNAI 26

7 VT–ASE VARANASI DELHI 29

8 VT–ASM COIMBATORE MUMBAI 32

9 VT–AYI DELHI MUMBAI 35

10 VT–AZA MUMBAI JAMSHEDPUR 38

 CALLSIGN DEPARTURE DESTINATION PAGE

11 VT–BAW UDAIPUR SRINAGAR 41

12 VT–CCL CHENNAI CHENNAI 44

13 VT–FLP KOLKATA PORTBLAIR 47

14 VT–GBN AHMEDABAD JAIPUR 50

15 VT–GTI GWALIOR GAYA 53

16 VT–IIO A U R A N G A B A DB H U B N E S V A R 56

17 VT–KLO BHUBNESVAR PORTBLAIR 59

18 VT–LMO KHAJURAHO PANTNAGAR 62

19 VT–MAK BANGKOK PATNA 65

20 VT–MSA TRICHI MANGALORE 68

 CALLSIGN DEPARTURE DESTINATION PAGE

21 AI–178 DELHI KATHMANDU 71

22 AI–187 DELHI KATHMANDU 74

23 AI–292 DELHI KATHMANDU 77

24 AI–8890 KOLKATA PORTBLAIR 80

25 AI–8895 KOLKATA PORTBLAIR 83

26 6E–339 PATNA LUCKNOW 86

27 6E–458 AGARTALA GUWAHATI 89

28 6E–666 LUCKNOW MUMBAI 92

29 9W–273 DHAKA BHUBNESVAR 95

30 9W–K2480 DIBRUGARH KOLKATA 98

 PART - 1 PAGE

CHART–1 09

CHART–2 10

ABBREVIATIONS 101

TRUEORFALSE 103

PART - 2 PAGE

VIVA–1 104

VIVA–2 106

VIVA–3 108

VIVA–4 110
(1) Delhi Approach

(2) Delhi Control

(3) Delhi Control

(4) Nagpur Control

(5) Delhi Control

(6) Jaipur Approach

(7) Jodhpur Tower

(8) Delhi Control

(9) Delhi Control

(10) Delhi Control

(1) Nagpur Control

(2) Nagpur Approach

(3) Nagpur Control

(4) Aurangabad Approach

(5) Pune Tower

(6) Mumbai Approach

(7) Ahmedabad Approach

(8) Ahmedabad Control

(9) Ahmedabad Control

(10) Nagpur Control

Chart No 4

VT – AJI

Time allowed: 25 minutes Total marks: 100

Aircraft Identification: VT – AJI Flight Rules: Z Type of Flight: N
Type of Aircraft: ATR Wake Turbulence CAT: M Equipment: S
Departure Aerodrome: VABB Time: 08:30 Level: F 140
Route: W10N BPL A791 F180 IFR Alternate Aerodrome: VIDP
Destination Aerodrome: VEJS
Other Information: Training Flight

1 a You are taxing for your departure that on the adjoining taxiway you see vultures
gathered around dead body of a dog. Give detailed report and suggest an action.

1 b You are approaching runway holding point that you decide to carry out ILS approach for
practice before flying out.

2 ATD 08:50. You pass F70. Report.

3 15 NM from VABP at your cruising level you start experiencing severe turbulence. You
decide to descent by 2000 FT. ATC channel is heavily occupied. To the clearance
obtained, show progressive radio compliance.

4 At 120 NM to VEJS, request descent to land.

5 Transmit the following sentences containing abbreviations in full form:

a)
b) XCVR has Xmtr & Rec
c) A/c clr for FSL, WS in T/o path
d) Co-ords are given in Lat & Long not in Dist
e) AD VEJT is Clsd TFN
LLZ is left of RCL
1 a Mumbai Ground, VT-AJI, on taxiway B, sighted vulturesRoger.
gathered around dead body of a dog on adjoining taxiwayGo to next Question.
A, advise to close the taxiway A and clear the dead body
of the dog.

1 b Mumbai Tower, VT-AJI, approaching hold short RunwayVJI, clear to carry out ILS
09, request to carry out ILS approach for practice, before approach Runway 09 before
setting course for destination Jamshedpur. setting course for destination.

Clear to carry out ILS approach Runway 09 before VJI clear lineup Runway 09.
setting course for destination. Request lineup, VJI.

Clear lineup Runway 09, VJI. Go to next Question.

2 Mumbai Approach, VT-AJI, passing FL70 for FL140, No reply.

estimating DOTIP 0900 APANO 0910.

Mumbai Approach, VT-AJI, transmitting blind, passing No reply.

FL70 for FL140 estimating DOTIP 0900 APANO 0910,
changing over to Mumbai Control, I say again.

Mumbai Control, VT-AJI, negative contact with MumbaiVJI, Mumbai Control, report
Approach, passing FL70 for FL140 estimating DOTIP on track radial.
0900 APANO 0910.

Radial 004 BBB, VJI. Go to next Question.

3 PAN-PAN, PAN-PAN, PAN-PAN, Nagpur Control, VJI, report radial maintaining.
VT-AJI, ATR, position 15 DME from BPL, 0950, A791,
FL180, request descend FL160 due severe turbulence.

Radial 092 BPL, VJI. Turn left by 90 degrees, leave

FL180 passing FL170 RNN.

Turning left by 90 degrees, leaving FL180, passing

FL170 will resume normal navigation, VJI.

Nagpur Control, VJI, passing FL170, turning right to VJI, descend FL140.
resume normal navigation.
Descending FL140, VJI.
Go to next question.
4 Nagpur Control, VT-AJI, position 120 DME to JJS, 1020,No reply.
A791, FL140, estimating ARIVO 1030, ETA JJS 1040,
request descend.

Nagpur Control, VT-AJI, transmitting blind, position 120 No reply.

DME to JJS, 1020, A791, FL140, estimating ARIVO
1030, ETA JJS 1040, changing over to Kolkata Control,
I say again.

Kolkata Control, VT-AJI, negative contact with Nagpur Clear descend FL90.
Control, position 120 DME to JJS, 1020, A791, FL140,
estimating ARIVO 1030, ETA JJS 1040, request descend.

Leaving FL140 for FL90, VT-AJI. Go to next question.

5 a) Transceiver has Transmitter and Receiver.

b) Aircraft cleared for Full Stop Landing, Wind Shear in Take off path.

c) Co-ordinates are given in Latitude and Longitude not in Distance.

d) Aerodrome Jorhat is Closed Till Further Notice.

e) Localizer is left of Runway Centre Line.

Chart No 1

VT – ANM

Time allowed: 25 minutes Total marks: 100

Aircraft Identification: VT – ANM Flight Rules: V Type of Flight: N
Type of Aircraft: ATR Wake Turbulence CAT: M Equipment: S
Departure Aerodrome: VIJP Time: 01:00 Level: F 130
Route: L333 INTIL W20S BPL W38
Destination Aerodrome: VANP Alternate Aerodrome: VAAU
Other Information: Training Flight

1 a Upon carrying out pre flight radio check, ATC reply is intermittent. Give response.

1 b As you taxi out for departure you see birds sitting quite near to taxiway. Give requisite
information to ATC and express your concern.
2 You are taxing out for departure with permission to carry a circuit before S/c to
destination that ATC informs you visibility 3500 M. Seek necessary permission to execute
flight and show compliance to specified rules.

3a
ATD 02:30. On passing F90 for your cruising level VIJP changes you to next ATC
authority.

3 b You reach first reporting point.

3c Reaching F130 you prefer to climb further due CAT.

4 You have descended to F140 at 35 NM to VANP that you experience RCF. Announce your
plan.
5
Transmit the following sentences with appropriate missing aviation words:
a)
Aerodrome where ATC service is provided to Aerodrome Traffic is called _____
b)
Morse Code ...---... stands for _____ and is _____ signal.
c)
A designated area on an apron used for parking a/c is called _____
d)
Aeronautical ground light, visible all around, to designate a point is called _____
e)
Device that gives visual indication of wind direction and approximate speed on
aerodrome is _____
1 a Jaipur Tower, VT-ANM, Read you two. Go to next Question.

1 b Jaipur Tower, VT-ANM, on taxiway B, sighted 10 Parrots Will take action.

5 metres left of taxiway C. Request take action. Go to next Question.
Jaipur Tower, VT-ANM, on taxiway B, request special VNM, request type of flight.
2
VFR, Pilot in Command is holding valid Instrument
Rating and aircraft is approved for Instrument flying.
Cancelling circuit landing, will set course to destination
after departure.

Non scheduled, VNM. Instrument meteorological

conditions on your route,
request intention.

Cancelling departure, request taxi back to apron, VNM. Go to next Question.

3 a Delhi Control, VT-ANM, passing FL90 for FL130, VNM, cross INTIL FL110 or
estimating INTIL 0240 KALNA 0250. below due crossing traffic VT
RFV Cessna FL130.

Will cross INTIL FL110 or below due crossing traffic VT Go to next Question.
RFV Cessna FL130, VNM.
3 b Delhi Control, VNM, position INTIL, 0240, W20S, Climb FL130.
FL110, estimating KALNA 0250 IBANI 0300.

Leaving FL110 for FL130, VNM. Go to next Question.

3 c Delhi Control, VNM, maintaining FL130, experiencing VNM, FL150 not available
clear air turbulence, request climb FL150. due traffic, say intention.

Request descend FL110, VNM. Go to next Question.

4 Nagpur Tower, VT-ANM, transmitting blind due receiver

failure, postion 35 NM to Nagpur, 0330, W38, altitude Go to next Question.
4000 feet, ETA Nagpur 0350, will maintain altitude 4000
feet till overhead Nagpur then will commence descend to
circuit altitude and join left hand downwind Runway 10
to carry out visual approach, will transmit again reaching
overhead Nagpur, I say again.
5 a) Aerodrome where ATC service is provided to Aerodrome Traffic is called
Controlled Aerodrome.

b) Morse Code ...---... stands for SOS and is Distress signal.

c) A designated area on an apron used for parking a/c is called Aircraft Stand.

d) Aeronautical ground light, visible all around, to designate a point is called

Aeronautical Beacon.

e) Device that gives visual indication of wind direction and approximate speed on
aerodrome is Wind Sock.
Chart No 7

VT – AOT

Time allowed: 25 minutes Total marks: 100

Aircraft Identification: VT – Flight Rules: Z Type of Flight: N
AOT Type of Aircraft: Wake Turbulence CAT: M Equipment: S
Bombardier Departure Time: 04:30 Level: F 140
Route: W19 VB
Aerodrome: VOBRW120 BBM W17 F260 IFR
Destination Aerodrome: VOML Alternate Aerodrome: VOBG
Other Information: Training Flight
NOTAM: VOML airspace from F270 till F460 closed between 04:30 and 06:00 due Indian

Air Force exercise.

1 a During taxi to Runway 28 for departure you decide to carry out one reversal with TGL.
Submit your details and seek permission.

1 b After carrying out TGL, you want to do general flying at F70 over VOBR. Suggest a
sector.

2 S/c 04:50. You cross VB F80 climbing F120.

3 You reach VABM. Seek permission to effect your flight plan.

4 At 15 NM to IKATI you see weather on W17 spreading eastward. Plan your flight from
IKATI in organized route segment.

5 Transmit the following sentences containing abbreviations in full form:

a) VT RES WS Wrng on App path

b) AIP has sections – COM, RAC, FAL

c) X Rdl 156, 3000 or Abv

d) SAR is being carried out by IAF RH

e) AI 889 Req SPOT & your Spd

1 a Bidar Tower, VT-AOT, on taxiway B, request to depart VOT, clear for reversal.
Runway 28 and climb altitude 2000, turn left, and land
Runway 10 for Touch and Go landing, request
permission.

Clear for reversal, VOT. Go to next Question.

1 b Bidar Tower, VOT, request General Flying between track VOT, General Flying
045 degrees and 110 degrees, 10 NM to 25 NM, at FL70, approved, report FL50.
duration 15 minutes. Go to next Question.
2 Hyderabad Control, VT-AOT, crossed Vikarabad, passing VOT, clear climb FL140,
FL80 for FL120, request climb FL140, estimating contact next ATC.
BOGAT 0510 BBM 0520.

Clear climb FL140, will contact Bangalore Approach,

VOT.

Bangalore Approach, VT-AOT, passing FL90 for FL140, Go to next Question.

estimating BOGAT 0510 BBM 0520.
3 Mangalore Control, VT-AOT, position BBM, 0520, VOT, clear climb FL240.
FL140, estimating IKATI 0530 ETA MML 0540, request
FL260, will cancel our VFR and change over to IFR at
0522.

Leaving FL140 for FL240, VOT. Contact next ATC for further
climb.

Will contact Chennai Control for further climb, VOT.

Chennai Comtrol, VT-AOT, passing FL150 for FL240, VOT, clear climb FL260.
estimating EKATI 0530 ETA MML 0540, request further
climb FL260.

Clear climb FL260, VOT. Go to next Question.

4 Chennai Control, VT-AOT, position 15 NM to IKATI, VOT, clear to alter course,
W17, FL260, will alter course from IKATI due weather contact next ATC.
and will reroute via Direct ALDIN on track 220 degrees
approximately, W15, FL250, estimating IKATI 0540
ALDIN 0550, revised ETA MML 0600, Total EET 0300,
END 0400, request clearance.

Clear to alter course, will contact Mangalore Control,

VOT.

Mangalore Control, VT-AOT, position 15 NM to IKATI, Go to next Question.

W17, FL260, will alter course from IKATI due weather
and will reroute via Direct ALDIN on track 220 degrees
approximately, W15, FL250, estimating IKATI 0540
ALDIN 0550, revised ETA MML 0600, Total EET 0300,
END 0400, cleared by Chennai Control.

5 a) VT-RES Wind Shear warning on Approach path.

b) Aeronautical Information Publication has sections – Communication, Rules of Air and

Air Traffic Control, Facilitation.

c) Crossing Radial one five six, three thousand or above.

d) Search and Rescue is being carried out by Indian Air Force Rescue Helicopter.

e) Air India 889 request Spot Winds and your Speed.

Chart No 1

VT – APD

Time allowed: 25 minutes Total marks: 100

Aircraft Identification: VT – APD Flight Rules: I Type of Flight: N
Type of Aircraft: Challenger Wake Turbulence CAT: M Equipment: S
Departure Aerodrome: OMDB (Dubai) Time: 01:00 Level: F 350
Route: G452
Destination Aerodrome: VIDP Alternate Aerodrome: VECC
Other Information: Chartered Flight

1 You estimate TIGER 03:45. Provide all the information to appropriate authority as
required by rules at appropriate time.

2 a LKA has gone off the air. Report your position over the location with the help of radial
and distance.

2 b At 90 DME distance you are ready for descent.

3 Due severe TS over VIDP you had been holding at the point of clearance limit since long
and are nearing the limit of holding. Obtain necessary information and take decision.

4 You reach KADAS at FL 170, you want to climb to FL 330.

5 Transmit the following sentences with appropriate missing aviation words:

a) Aerodrome Reference Point is designated as _____ of an aerodrome.

b) Position at which taxing aircraft and vehicles shall stop until further cleared by ATC
is _____ _____ position.
c) Runway used for operation of aircraft using visual approach procedures is
called _____ _____ runway.
d) Aeronautical beacon used to designate a danger to air navigation is _____ _____

e) Device that indicates visually the direction of landing and takeoff is ____ ____ indicator.
1 Delhi Control, VT-APD, position 40 NM to TIGER, VPD, cross TIGER at 0345 or
0335, G452, FL350, estimating TIGER 0335 LKA 0355, later due traffic ahead.
Authority number YA253, FIC number A243, ADC
number Z452, request entering Indian Airspace clearance.

Will cross TIGER at 0345 or later due traffic ahead,

VPD.

Delhi Control, VPD, position TIGER, 0345, G452, VPD, report your radial.
FL350, estimating LKA 0355 CHI 0405.

Radial 285 LKA, VPD. VPD, cleared to DPN via

G452, maintain FL350.
Go to next Question.
Cleared to DPN via G452, will maintain FL350, VPD.

2 a Delhi Control, VPD, LKA is off the air, position ESDEM, VPD, maintain Radial 265
0355, FL350, Radial 265 and 135 DME to CHI, CHI, you are recleared to CHI
estimating CHI 0405, ETA DPN 0425. due heavy traffic.

Will maintain Radial 265, recleared to CHI due heavy Go to next Question.
traffic, VPD.
2 b Delhi Control, VPD, position 90 DME to CHI on Radial VPD, descend to FL90.
265, FL350, request descend.

Leaving FL350 for FL90, VPD. Go to next Question.

3 Delhi Approach, VT-APD, holding over CHI, FL90, Thunderstorm speed is 90
reaching holding fuel exhaustion limit, request trend. knots, delay not determined,
request your intentions.

Will divert to our alternate aerodrome Kolkata via Direct VPD, cleared to Kolkata via
ALI, R460, request FL350. Direct ALI, R460, leave FL90
at 30 DME CHI for FL170,
RLCE.
Cleared to Kolkata via Direct ALI, R460, will leave FL90
at 30 DME CHI for FL170, will request level change
enroute, VPD.

Delhi Approach, VPD, position 30 DME from CHI, Go to next Question.

leaving FL90 for FL170.
4 Lucknow Approach, VT-APD, position KADAS, 0455, VPD, negative traffic with
R460, FL170, estimating LKN 0505 NAGINA 0515, Lucknow for FL330, check for
request climb FL330. any following traffic.

Changing back to Delhi Control for any following traffic,

VPD.

Delhi Control, VPD, Lucknow has negative traffic for Negative following traffic for
FL330, any following traffic for us. you.

Negative following traffic, changing over to Lucknow

Approach, VPD.

Lucknow Approach, VPD, Delhi has negative following Go to next Question.

traffic for FL330.

5 a) Aerodrome Reference Point is designated as Geographical Centre of an aerodrome.

b) Position at which taxing aircraft and vehicles shall stop until further cleared by ATC
is Intermediate Holding position.

c) Runway used for operation of aircraft using visual approach procedures is

called Non Instrument runway.

d) Aeronautical beacon used to designate a danger to air navigation is Hazard Beacon.

e) Device that indicates visually the direction of landing and takeoff is Landing Direction
indicator.
Chart No 5

VT – APL

Time allowed: 25 minutes Total marks: 100

Aircraft Identification: VT – APL Flight Rules: Z Type of Flight: N
Type of Aircraft: Citation Wake Turbulence CAT: M Equipment: S
Departure Aerodrome: VAAU Time: 01:30 Level: F 110
Route: G450 TAMID W20 BUSBO F270 IFR
Destination Aerodrome: VOMM Alternate Aerodrome: VOBG
Other Information: Chartered Flight

1 a Time is 01:00:30. One VT UIO request you for time check.

1 b On approaching runway, ATC clears you for take off. As you start rolling for take off that
runway incursion takes place by a vehicle. Take radio action and express consequences
had you rolled on.

2 ATD 01:35. At 30 NM passing F70 you decide to change your route and proceed via
BUSBO to avoid weather. VAAU has no objection subject to clearance from next
appropriate ATC. Seek permission.

3 You reach BUSBO.

4 At 70 DME to VOMM you contact ATC to report passing F230 for F90 that RCF takes
place. Your revised ETA is 03:40. EAT given is 03:55.

5 Transmit the following sentences containing abbreviations in full form:

a) WXR is showing CB.

b) A/c to GA due GLD on Final.

c) Lsq Appch AD from NNE.

d) Mnt Tfc for safety.

e) LW should not be more than PCN.

1 a VT-UIO, VT-APL, Time check 0100 and half. Go to next Question.

1 b Aurangabad Tower, VT-APL, abandoning takeoff due Go to next Question.

runway incursion by Air India vehicle which entered
from left to right of the runway. It could have been a
major accident.
Nagpur Control, VT-APL, negative traffic with
2 Rerouting approved.
Aurangabad, position 30 NM from Aurangabad, 0145,
G450, passing FL70 for FL110, will alter course from
present position due weather ahead, will reroute via
Direct BUSBO on track 135 degrees approximately, will
resume normal navigation thereafter W20 to MMV,
estimating crossing W19 0155 BUSBO 0205 HIA 0215,
ETA MMV 0235, Total EET 0300, END 0400, request
clearance.

Rerouting approved, VT-APL. Go to next Question.

3 Hyderabad Control, VT-APL, position BUSBO, 0205, VPL, clear climb FL270, IFR
W20, FL110, estimating HIA 0215, BODEL 0225, approved, if you lose contact
cancelling VFR changing over to IFR at 0206, request with Chennai Control, contact
climb FL270. Hyderabad Tower, report
reaching.

Leaving FL110 for FL270, WILCO, VPL.

Chennai Control, VT-APL, position HIA, 0215, W20, No reply.

FL270, estimating BODEL 0225, ETA MMV 0245.

Chennai Control, VT-APL, transmitting blind, position No reply.

HIA, 0215, W20, FL270, estimating BODEL 0225, ETA
MMV 0245, changing over to Hyderabad Tower, I say
again.

Hyderabad Tower, VT-APL, negative contact with Go to next Question.

Chennai Control, position HIA, 0215, W20, FL270,
estimating BODEL 0225, ETA MMV 0245.
4 Chennai Control, VT-APL, transmitting blind due receiver Go to next Question.
failure, position 70 DME to MMV, 0305, W20, passing
FL230 for FL90, on reaching will maintain FL90 till
overhead MMV, then will establish in hold, ETA MMV
0340, at EAT 0355 will commence descend in hold over
VOR till FL50, then carry out ILS approach Runway 10,
will transmit again reaching FL90, I say again.

5 a) Weather Radar is showing Cumolonimbus.

b) Aircraft to Go Around due Glider on Final.

c) Line Squall approaching Aerodrome from North-North East.

d) Monitor Traffic for safety.

e) Landing Weight should not be more than Pavement Classification Number.

Chart No 5

VT – APM

Time allowed: 25 minutes Total marks: 100

Aircraft Identification: VT – APM Flight Rules: Z Type of Flight: N
Type of Aircraft: Citation Wake Turbulence CAT: M Equipment: S
Departure Aerodrome: VAAU Time: 01:30 Level: F 110
Route: G450 TAMID W20 BUSBO F270 IFR
Destination Aerodrome: VOMM Alternate Aerodrome: VOBG
Other Information: Chartered Flight

1 a Time is 01:00. One VT UIO request you for time check. Transmit time other than the way
of 01:00.

1 b On approaching runway, ATC clears you for take off. As you start rolling for take off that
runway incursion takes place by a vehicle. Take action and express consequences.

2 ATD 01:35. You reach DUBOX. To avoid weather ahead you decide to proceed via
direct BUSBO. VANP having no objection changes you to next appropriate ATC.
Seek permission.

3 You reach BUSBO. Seek permission to effect change.

4 At 70 DME to VOMM you contact ATC to report passing F230 for F90 that RCF takes
place. Your revised ETA is 03:40. EAT given is 03:55.

5 Transmit the following sentences containing abbreviations in full form:

a) WXR is showing CB.

b) A/c to GA due GLD on Final.

c) Lsq Appch AD from NNE.

d) Mnt Tfc for safety.

e) LW should not be more than PCN.

1 a VT-UIO, VT-APM, Time is on the hour. Go to next Question.

1 b Aurangabad Tower, VT-APM, abandoning takeoff due Go to next Question.

runway incursion by Air India vehicle which entered
from left to right of the runway. It could have been a
major accident.
Hyderabad Control, VT-APM, negative traffic with
2 Rerouting approved.
Nagpur, position DUBOX, 0145, G450, FL110, will alter
course from present position due weather ahead, will
reroute via Direct BUSBO on track 135 degrees
approximately, will resume normal navigation thereafter
W20 to MMV, estimating crossing W19 0155 BUSBO
0205 HIA 0215, ETA MMV 0235, Total EET 0300, END
0400, request clearance.

Rerouting approved, VT-APM. Go to next Question.

3 Hyderabad Control, VT-APM, position BUSBO, 0205, VPM, clear climb FL270, IFR
W20, FL110, estimating HIA 0215, BODEL 0225, approved, if you lose contact
cancelling VFR changing over to IFR at 0206, request with Chennai Control, contact
climb FL270. Hyderabad Tower, report
reaching.

Leaving FL110 for FL270, WILCO, VPM.

Chennai Control, VT-APM, position HIA, 0215, W20, No reply.

FL270, estimating BODEL 0225, ETA MMV 0245.

Chennai Control, VT-APM, transmitting blind, position No reply.

HIA, 0215, W20, FL270, estimating BODEL 0225, ETA
MMV 0245, changing over to Hyderabad Tower, I say
again.

Hyderabad Tower, VT-APM, negative contact with Go to next Question.

Chennai Control, position HIA, 0215, W20, FL270,
estimating BODEL 0225, ETA MMV 0245.
4 Chennai Control, VT-APM, transmitting blind due receiver Go to next Question.
failure, position 70 DME to MMV, 0305, W20, passing
FL230 for FL90, on reaching will maintain FL90 till
overhead MMV, then will establish in hold, ETA MMV
0340, at EAT 0355 will commence descend in hold over
VOR till FL50, then carry out ILS approach Runway 10,
will transmit again reaching FL90, I say again.

5 a) Weather Radar is showing Cumolonimbus.

b) Aircraft to Go Around due Glider on Final.

c) Line Squall approaching Aerodrome from North-North East.

d) Monitor Traffic for safety.

e) Landing Weight should not be more than Pavement Classification Number.

Chart No 2

VT – ASE

Time allowed: 25 minutes Total marks: 100

Aircraft Identification: VT – ASE Flight Rules: I Type of Flight: G
Type of Aircraft: Boeing Wake Turbulence CAT: H Equipment: S
Departure Aerodrome: VIBN Time: 03:05 Level: F 260
Route: R460 LKN R594
Destination Aerodrome: VIDP Alternate Aerodrome: VILK
Other Information:

1 a Before starting your engines you want to check your radio.

1 b You are ready to start engines.

2 a You are backtracking Runway 27 for departure that you monitor one flying club aircraft
with engine problem reporting long final. TORA from your position is sufficient for your
departure. Extend your co-operation to help the other aircraft by planning to depart from
present position.

2 b You depart at 03:15, ATC is busy handling the flying club aircraft and you pass F50
climbing for F160.

3 You estimate NAGINA in 3 minutes. FL 160. One ATR crosses you overhead.

4 Due visibility at VIDP below your AOM you had been holding over VISB, F80. You
reach fuel limit.

5 Fill in the blanks and transmit the following:

a) Broadcast is a transmission addressed to _____ station or _____

b) In duplex _____ takes place between two stations _____
c) Location Indicator relates to location of an _____ _____ _____
d) In UTC system midnight is represented as _____ and beginning of day as _____
e) Aircraft in _____ shall maintain watch except for the reason of _____
f) In case of SELCAL of an aircraft fails it should _____ _____ _____ _____ _____
g) Radiotelephony distress signal should be spoken _____ three times.
1 a Varanasi Tower, VT-ASE, on frequency 118.1, request No reply.
preflight radio check.

Varanasi Approach, VT-ASE, on frequency 119.0, how do VT-ASE, read you four.
you read. Tower was replying.

Read you five, changing back to Tower, VT-ASE. Go to next Question.

1 b Varanasi Tower, VT-ASE, stand 7, security checks carried VSE, your callsign in Varanasi
out, POB 150, request Startup, weather obtained. airspace will be SE Boeing,
you are cleared to start.

Our call sign in Varanasi airspace will be SE Boeing, Go to next Question.

clear to start, SE Boeing.
2 a Varanasi Tower, SE Boeing, we can make 180 degrees SE Boeing, cleared for
turn at our present position and are ready for immediate immediate takeoff.
departure.

Clear for immediate takeoff, SE Boeing. Go to next Question.

2 b Varanasi Approach, SE Boeing, airborne at 0315, Tower SE Boeing, climb FL160,

frequency occupied, passing FL50 for FL160, estimating reciprocal traffic VT-GGH,
NAGINA 0325 LKN 0335. ATR, FL170, estimating to
cross you at NAGINA.
Go to next Question.
Will climb and maintain FL160 due reciprocal traffic
VT-GGH, ATR, FL170, estimating to cross us at
NAGINA, SE Boeing.
3 Varanasi Control, SE Boeing, position 3 minutes to No reply.
NAGINA, 0325, R460, FL160, crossed reciprocal traffic
ATR, request climb FL260.

Varanasi Control, SE Boeing, transmitting blind, position No reply.

2 minutes to NAGINA, 0326, R460, FL160, crossed
reciprocal traffic ATR, changing over to Lucknow
Approach, I say again.

Lucknow Approach, VT-ASE, negative contact with Go to next Question.

Varanasi Control, position NAGINA, 0328, R460,
FL160, crossed reciprocal traffic ATR, request climb
FL260.
4 Delhi Approach, VT-ASE, holding overhead SSB at VSA, visibility may further
FL80, reaching holding fuel exhaustion limit, request reduce 350 metres.
Trend for visibility.

Will plan to divert alternate aerodrome Lucknow, request Weather is CAVOK, but
Weather, VSA. runway is closed.

Request weather of Agra, VSA. Weather at Agra is CAVOK.

Will divert to Agra from present position via Direct Go to next Question.
GURTI on track 180 degrees approximately to AAG,
estimating crossing R460 0415 GURTI 0425, ETA AAG
0435, request permission.

5 a) Broadcast is a transmission addressed to Specific station or Stations.

b) In duplex Telecommunication takes place between two stations Simultaneously.

c) Location Indicator relates to location of an Aeronautical Fixed Stations.

d) In UTC system midnight is represented as 2400 and beginning of day as 0000.

e) Aircraft in Flight shall maintain watch except for the reason of Safety.

f) In case of SELCAL of an aircraft fails it should Maintain Listening Watch all the Time.

g) Radiotelephony distress signal should be spoken Preferably three times.

Chart No 7

VT – ASM

Time allowed: 25 minutes Total marks: 100

Aircraft Identification: VT – ASM Flight Rules: I Type of Flight: N
Type of Aircraft: Airbus Wake Turbulence CAT: H Equipment: S
Departure Aerodrome: VOCB Time: 04:30 Level: F 360
Route: W119 CLC W15 GGO W15N KABSO F350
Destination Aerodrome: VABB Alternate Aerodrome: VAPO
Other Information:

NOTE 2: FIS in VOMM FIR provided by designated unit on 123.8.

1 a You are preparing for the flight and everytime you try to contact ATC that one VT KLP
jams your frequency. Give advice on this, to the aircraft as you get a chance.

1 b Time is 08:29:32 IST. Give time check to VT FRD without stating numerals.

1 c You want to know existing pressure at the beginning of Runway 23.

2 ATD 04:40. At 23 NM to VOCL, passing F90 you see widespread of bad weather, and
decide to proceed via VOBG. Seek permission.

3 You are passing F240 at OPAMO that one of the primary altimetry system fails.

4 At 70 DME you are ready for descent. Due strong head winds your ETA changes to 08:10.
Comply to instructions.

5 Transmit the following sentences containing abbreviations in full form:

a) VT RES WS Wrng at OM Rwy 28
b) AIP has sections – GEN, MAP, FAL

c) X Rdl 156, 3000 or Abv

d) SAR is being carried out by IAF RH

e) AI 889 Req ETO & your Spd

1 a VT-KLP, VT-ASM, before making any call, make sure Go to next Question.
frequency is not occupied.

1 b VT-FRD, VT-ASM, time is on the hour. Confirm it is GMT.

Negative, it is in UTC, VT-ASM. Go to next Question.

1 c Coimbatore Tower, VT-ASM, request QFE threshold VSM, QFE 1012.

Runway 23.

QFE 1012. No reply.

Confirm QFE 1012. Affirm.

Go to next Question.
Calicut Tower, VT-ASM, position 23 DME to CCL, VSM, rerouting approved.
2
0450, W119, passing FL90 for FL360, will alter course
from present position due weather ahead, will reroute via
Direct UGABA on track 045 degrees approximately,
W18N, BIA, W56N to BBB, estimating crossing R461
0500 UGABA 0510 BIA 0520, revised ETA BBB 0740,
Total EET 0300, END 0400, request clearance.

Rerouting approved, VSM. Go to next Question.

3 Bangalore Approach, VT-ASM, position OPAMO, 0530, VSM, clear climb FL280.
W56N, passing FL240 for FL360, unable RVSM due
equipment failure, request climb FL280.

Clear climb FL280, VSM. Go to next Question.

4 Mumbai Control, VT-ASM, position 70 DME to BBB, VSM, heavy Cumolonimbus
W56N, FL280, revised ETA BBB 0810 due strong head activity over BBB, top of
winds, request descent. cloud 20000 feet, descend
FL220 and hold at 50 NM to
BBB.
Heavy Cumolonimbus activity over BBB, top of cloud
20000 feet, Leaving FL280 for FL220, will hold at 50
DME to BBB, VSM.

Mumbai Control, VSM, position 50 DME to BBB, Go to next Question.

entering hold at FL220.
5 a) VT-RES Wind Shear Warning at Outer Marker Runway 28.

b) Aeronautical Information Publication has sections – General, Aeronautical Charts

Published, Facilitation.

c) Crossing Radial one five six, three thousand or above.

d) Search and Rescue is being carried out by Indian Air Force Rescue Helicopter.

e) Air India 889 request Estimated Time over next Significant point and your Speed.
Chart No 1

VT – AYI

Time allowed: 25 minutes Total marks: 100

Aircraft Identification: VT – AYI Flight Rules: I Type of Flight: N
Type of Aircraft: Airbus Wake Turbulence CAT: H Equipment: S
Departure Aerodrome: VIDP Time: 02:00 Level: F 340
Route: A474 Alternate Aerodrome: VAAH
Destination Aerodrome: VABB
Other Information: Only VHF on board

NOTAM: Due Indian Air Force fly past rehearsal airspace of following dimensions will remain
closed between 0230 – 0430 UTC.
1 Within a radius of 20 NM from Delhi Airport, GL to FL 130.
2 Within a circular area between 20 NM and 40 NM radius of Delhi Airport,
GL to FL 150.

1 a Time is 01:00:30 IST. One VT FRE calls you.

1 b ATD 02:20, you are climbing to F280 initially due reciprocal traffic. Time 02:25, you are
25 DME distance fromS DPN passing F70, ATC calls you, provide information ensuring
compliance.

2 You are over IKABA, that one VT RCF is repeatedly calling Delhi. Render help and
advice.

3 After crossing Pratapgarh you start experiencing severe turbulence and want to descend
by 4000 feet. VAAH channel is heavily occupied. Upon inability of ATC suggest an
alternate way within organized route segment.

4 You are established on ILS Runway 09 and reach DH that visibility goes below your
AOM. Show progressive compliance.

5 Transmit and write the following aviation abbreviations in full aviation english form:
a) VOLMET f) UTC
b) TORA g) METAR
c) RVSM h) NOTAM
d) CFL i) PRESFR
e) ATS j) ICAO
1 a VT-FRE, VT-AYI, Go ahead. VT-AYI, VT-FRE, request
time check.
Go to next Question.
Time check 1940 and half, VT-AYI.
VT-AYI, report your position.
1 b Delhi Approach, VT-AYI, Go ahead.

Position 25 DME from DPN, 0225, A474, passing FL70 Go to next Question.
for FL280, estimating IKABA 0235 JJP 0245, will cross
40 DME before 0230 or will climb above FL150 before
0230, VT-AYI.
2 VT-RCF, VT-AYI, go ahead with your message, will VT-AYI, VT-RCF, trying to
relay. contact Delhi but negative
contact, ETA DPN 0300,
FL150.
Go to next Question.
Delhi Airspace will remain closed due Indian Air Force
rehearsal from GL to FL150 within 20 NM to 40 NM and
GL to FL130 within 20 NM between 0230 upto 0430,
you are advised to land at some other Aerodrome.
3 PAN-PAN, PAN-PAN, PAN-PAN, Ahmedabad Control, VT-AYI, FL300 is not
VT-AYI, position crossed PRA, 0315, A474, FL340, available on A474.
negative RVSM due severe turbulence, request descend
FL300.

Will reroute via W95, QQZ, A347 to BBB, request Go to next Question.
descend FL300, VT-AYI.
Mumbai Tower, VT-AYI, reached Decision Height,
4 Roger.
initiating Missed Approach Procedure due low visibility,
climbing straight ahead to Altitude 2600 feet.

Mumbai Tower, VT-AYI, at Altitude 2600 feet, turning Roger.

left to join VOR holding at Altitude 3700 feet.

Mumbai Tower, VT-AYI, established hold over BBB at Go to next Question.

Altitude 3700 feet, request Trend.
5 a) Volume Meteorological Information for Aircraft in Flight

b) Take off Run Available

c) Reduced Vertical Separation Minima

d) Cruising Flight Level

e) Air Traffic Services

f) Co-ordinated Universal Time

g) Meteorological Aviation Routine Report

h) Notice to Airman (India), Notice to Airmission (USA)

i) Pressure falling rapidly

j) International Civil Aviation Organisation

Chart No 4

VT – AZA

Time allowed: 25 minutes Total marks: 100

Aircraft Identification: VT – AZA Flight Rules: Z Type of Flight: N
Type of Aircraft: ATR Wake Turbulence CAT: M Equipment: S
Departure Aerodrome: VABB Time: 08:30 Level: F 140
Route: W10N BPL A791 F180 IFR Alternate Aerodrome: VIDP
Destination Aerodrome: VEJS
Other Information: Chartered Flight

1 a You are taxing for your departure that on the adjoining taxiway you see a fuel tanker
being driven with fuel leaking non-stop from one of its outlet. Give detailed report and
show your concern.

1 b You are approaching runway holding point that you decide to reach FL70 above the
airfield before flying out.

2 ATD 08:50. You pass FL70.

3 15 NM from VABP at your cruising level you start experiencing severe turbulence. You
decide to descent. Show progressive Radio compliance.

4 Overhead IBUDA at 120 NM to VEJS, request descent to land.

5 Transmit the following sentences containing abbreviations in full form:

a)
b) XCVR has Xmtr & Rec
c) A/c clr for FSL, WS in T/o path
d) Co-ords are given in Lat & Long not in Dist
e) AD VEJT is Clsd TFN
LLZ is left of RCL
1 a Mumbai Ground, VT-AZA, on taxiway B, sighted one Go to next Question.
Indian Oil fuel tanker on adjacent taxiway C, being
driven with fuel leaking from right outlet, moving
towards terminal building, it could be a major Fire
hazard.
1 b Mumbai Tower, VT-AZA, approaching Hold Short VT-AZA, clear climb FL70
Runway 27, will climb FL70 overhead Mumbai before overhead BBB, then set course
setting course for destination Jamshedpur, request to destination, clear Lineup
Lineup. Runway 27.

Clear climb FL70 overhead Mumbai, then will set course Go to next Question.
to destination, clear Lineup Runway 27, VT-AZA.
2 Mumbai Approach, VT-AZA, position overhead Mumbai, No reply.
0900, passing FL70 for FL140, estimating DOTIP 0910
APANO 0920, setting course to destination now.

Mumbai Approach, VT-AZA, transmitting blind, position No reply.

overhead Mumbai, 0900, passing FL70 for FL140,
estimating DOTIP 0910 APANO 0920, setting course to
destination, changing over to Mumbai Control.

Mumbai Control, VT-AZA, negative contact with Go to next Question.

Mumbai Approach, W10N, 0905, passing FL80 for
FL140, estimating DOTIP 0910 APANO 0920.
3 Nagpur Control, VT-AZA, position 15 DME from BPL, VT-AZA, report your radial.
1000, A791, FL180, estimating JJB 1010 IBUDA 1020,
experiencing severe Turbulence, request FL160.

Radial 092 BPL, VT-AZA VZA, intercept radial 110 then

descend FL160 on passing
FL170, RNN.

Turning right to intercept radial 110 BPL, Leaving FL180

for FL160, on passing FL170, will turn left to Resume
Normal Navigation, VZA.

Nagpur Control, VZA, established radial 110 BPL, Roger.

passing FL170 for FL160, turning left to Resume Normal
Navigation.

Nagpur Control, VZA, rejoined A791 at FL160, Go to next question.

Resuming Normal Navigation now.
4 Nagpur Control, VZA, position IBUDA, 1030, A791, VZA, clear descend FL100,
FL160, estimating ARIVO 1040, ETA JJS 1100, request contact next ATC.
descend at 120 DME to JJS.

Will leave FL160 for FL100 at 120 DME to JJS, will

contact Kolkata Control.

Kolkata Control, VT-AZA, position 120 DME to JJS, VZA, clear descend FL70,
1035, A791, passing FL150 for FL100, estimating contact next ATC.
ARIVO 1040, ETA JJS, 1100, request further descend.

Descending to FL70, will contact Jamshedpur Tower, Go to next Question.

VZA.

5 a) Transceiver has Transmitter and Receiver.

b) Aircraft cleared for Full Stop Landing, Wind Shear in Take off path.

c) Co-ordinates are given in Latitude and Longitude not in Distance.

d) Aerodrome Jorhat is closed Till Further Notice.

e) Localizer is left of Runway Center Line.

Chart No 3

VT – BAW

Time allowed: 25 minutes Total marks: 100

Aircraft Identification: VT – BAW Flight Rules: Z Type of Flight: N
Type of Aircraft: Boeing Wake Turbulence CAT: H Equipment: S
Departure Aerodrome: VAUD Time: 08:00 Level: F 130
Route: W13N DPN W30W FL140 ASRI W31 F190 IFR PK F200
Destination Aerodrome: VISR Alternate Aerodrome: VIAR
Other Information:

1 a You are taxing out that ATC calls you. Answer the call and take action.

1 b Fire from the electrical circuit has been put off and the aircraft is ready to be pulled to
Hangar for checkup.

2 ATD 0830. You have been cleared to climb overhead VAUD to FL130 as VAUD has
negative contact with appropriate authorities to get your clearance. Passing FL50, obtain
your clearance to proceed.

3 You reach FL130 at 60 DME from UUD. Obtain further clearance from appropriate
authority. Plan to continue your flight as per Flight Plan.

4 You cross PK and ATC changes you to next authority.

5 Fill in the blanks and transmit the following:

a) Portion of runway after threshold for aircraft touchdown is _____ _____

b) Runway intended for Takeoff only is _____ _____

c) Taxiway including its adjoining prepared area is called _____ _____

d) Aeronautical Beacon used to designate a danger to air navigation is _____ _____

e) Device that indicates visually the direction of landing and take off is _____ _____
indicator.
1 a Udaipur Tower, VT-BAW, go ahead. VT-BAW, the tail of your
aircraft is on Fire.
Go to next Question.
Stopping the aircraft immediately, on taxiway A,
switching OFF engines, will carry out emergency
evacuation, rush Fire Fighting Services, POB 120,
Fuel 0300.
1 b Udaipur Tower, VT-BAW, Fire from electrical circuit had VAW, taxi via Charlie,
been put off and aircraft is ready to tow to hangar for Runway 32 and Alpha.
check up, request taxi instructions.

Taxi via Charlie, Runway 32 and Alpha, VAW.

Udaipur Tower, VAW, approaching Runway 32, request Go to next Question.

permission to enter.
2 Ahmedabad Control, VT-BAW, overhead Udaipur, VAW, cleared to Srinagar at
passing FL50 for FL130, Udaipur unable to provide FL130 as per Flight Plan,
appropriate authority to get us cleared, request clearance Ahmedabad has negative
to Srinagar at FL130 as per the Flight Plan. traffic.

Cleared for FL130, Ahmedabad has negative traffic,

changing back to Udaipur Tower, VAW.

Udaipur Tower, VT-BAW, cleared by Ahmedabad, setting VAW, cleared to set course,
course to destination Srinagar now, climbing to FL130. contact appropriate authority.

Contacting Delhi Control, VAW. Go to next Question.

3 Jaipur Approach, VT-BAW, position 60 NM from VAW, Jaipur Airspace is
Udaipur, 0840, W13N, FL130, estimating UKBAB 0850 closed due ATC staff going on
DIPAS 0900, request Transit clearance. lightening strike.

Will not enter Jaipur Airspace, changing back to Delhi

Control, VAW.

Delhi Control, VAW, Jaipur Airspace closed to all traffic VAW, climb to FL150.
due lightening strike by ATC staff, request FL150.
Leaving FL130 for FL150, VAW.
Go to next question.
4 Udhampur Control, VT-BAW, position crossed PK, 1000, VAW, Srinagar airfield is
W31, FL200, estimating BIKUX 1010 MESAR 1020, closed due to heavy snow,
request entering Srinagar Control airspace. delay not determined, request
intention.

Will divert to our alternate aerodrome Amritsar, will alter Go to next question.
course from present position, return via W31 FL190, PK,
W30 FL180, to AAR, estimating PK 1010 BOKAD 1020,
ETA AAR 1040, Total EET 0300, END 0400, request
permission.

5 a) Portion of runway after threshold for aircraft touchdown is Touchdown Zone.

b) Runway intended for Takeoff only is Takeoff Runway.

c) Taxiway including its adjoining prepared area is called Taxiway Strip.

d) Aeronautical Beacon used to designate a danger to air navigation is Hazard Zone.

e) Device that indicates visually the direction of landing and take off is
Landing Direction indicator.
Chart No 5

VT – CCL

Time allowed: 25 minutes Total marks: 100

Aircraft Identification: VT – CCL Flight Rules: V Type of Flight: G
Type of Aircraft: Citation Wake Turbulence CAT: M Equipment: S
Departure Aerodrome: VOMM Time: 01:10 Level: F 130
Route: Local Flying 50 NM around VOMM
Destination Aerodrome: VOMM Alternate Aerodrome: VOBG
Other Information: Training Flight

1 a You are on apron and want to carry out an exercise of abandoning takeoff during takeoff
run, for training purpose. Seek permission at appropriate time as it will increase your
runway occupancy time.

1 b As you start gathering speed for takeoff, Right Engine actually fails. Take action as
aircraft can taxi.

2 a ATD 0230 for circuit and landing. At downwind ATC asks you to orbit to your right due
traffic on ILS. Give another suggestion to ATC to adjust yourself behind the traffic.
2 b Subsequent to the above clearance, ATC gets busy with other traffic. It is time for you
to act.
3 You are carrying out general flying F70, at 60 NM from VOMM. You faintly hear an
aircraft calling VOMM. Obtain full information from aircraft to pass on to ATC and take
full action as you lose contact subsequently.

4 ATC calls you. Answer the call and show your inability to comply to instructions of ATC
stating reason and give suggestions to which you can comply to.
5 Transmit the following sentences with appropriate missing aviation words:

a)
VFR flight cannot be flown more than 100 NM seaward from _____ in _____ _____
b)
EAT is the time _____ a delay, an aircraft will leave its _____ _____ for its _____
c) to land.

d) Aircraft is in vicinity of aerodrome when it is leaving or entering _____ _____ _____

e) Taxiing is when aircraft moves under its own power excluding _____ and _____

VMC relate to meteorological conditions in terms of _____ _____ _____

1 a Chennai Ground, VT-CCL, stand 7, request taxi, will VCL, taxi via A, E, and G,
carry out the exercise of abandoning take off run for hold short Runway 27.
training purpose, information B.

Will taxi via A, E, and G, hold short Runway 27, VCL. Go to next Question.

1 b Chennai Tower, VT-CCL, abandoning take off due Go to next Question.

Engine number 2 Failed, this is not a practice drill,
request taxi back to apron.

2 a Chennai Tower, VT-CCL, suggest if we can extend VCL, clear to extend

DownWind. DownWind.

Clear to extend DownWind, VCL. Go to next Question.

2 b Chennai Tower, VCL, on extended DownWind, request to VCL, stand by to turn to base
turn base now. due departure.

Standing by to turn to base due departure, VCL. Go to next question.

3 Station calling Chennai, VT-CCL, say again your VCL, this is VT-BHY, ATR,
Callsign and Message will relay. from Vizag to Chennai,
entered Weather, want to
deviate 30 NM from track.

VT-BHY, request your position, route, flight level, side of MAYDAY, MAYDAY,
deviation and duration, VCL. MAYDAY, VHY,
losing height rapidly,
entered cumolonimbus,
passing FL110.

MAYDAY, MAYDAY, MAYDAY, Chennai Control, Go to next question.

VT-CCL, relaying MAYDAY for VT-BHY, ATR, Vizag to
Chennai, entered cumolonimbus, losing height rapidly,
passing FL110, negative contact now.
Chennai Control, VT-CCL, go ahead.
4 VCL, proceed 120 NM East
and climb FL170.

Unable to proceed 120 NM Eastward from shoreline and Go to next question.

climb FL170 due VFR, we can proceed 100 NM
Eastward from shoreline and climb FL150 only.
5 a) VFR flight cannot be flown more than 100 NM seaward from Shoreline
in Controlled Airspace.

b) EAT is the time Following a delay, an aircraft will leave its Holding Position for its
Approach to land.

c) Aircraft is in vicinity of aerodrome when it is leaving or entering

Aerodrome Traffic Circuit.

d) Taxiing is when aircraft moves under its own power excluding TakeOff and Landing.

e) VMC relate to meteorological conditions in terms of Visibility, Cloud Ceiling,

Distance from Clouds.
Chart No 6

VT – FLP

Time allowed: 25 minutes Total marks: 100

Aircraft Identification: VT – FLP Flight Rules: I Type of Flight: N
Type of Aircraft: Boeing Wake Turbulence CAT: H Equipment: S
Departure Aerodrome: VECC Time: 18:45 Level: F 450
Route: W112
Destination Aerodrome: VOPB Alternate Aerodrome: VOVZ
Other Information: Only VHF on board.

NOTAM: DATIS not available until further notice.

1 You are ready to start engines.

2 ATD 19:05. Assume you are on RNAV departure and working with approach that at Way
Point 1, passing FL60, aircraft becomes RNAV non-compliant.

3 Passing FL190 for FL450, your transponder mode ‘C’ becomes unservicable. Seek
clearance to climb to your filed level.

4 You reach SALMON.

5 Answer the following questions related to flight operated above:

a) Which information you didn’t have for startup, why and who gave it?

b) When did you become RNAV non-compliant and what problem did you experienced?

c) Why you had to take clearance to continue to climb to FL450 when already cleared?

d) What levels were you asked by ATC to report passing when cleared to climb FL450?
1 Kolkata Ground, VT-FLP, Heavy, stand 7, security checks VLP, Startup approved,
carried out, POB 120, request Startup, request Weather. standby for Weather.

Startup approved, standing by for Weather, VLP.

Kolkata Ground, VT-FLP, stand 7, request Taxi, request No reply.

Weather.

Kolkata Tower, VT-FLP, negative contact with Ground, VLP, monitor Weather on
stand 7, request Taxi, request Weather. DATIS now.

WILCO, standing by for Taxi, VLP. Go to next Question.

2 Kolkata Approach, VT-FLP, GPS failed, unable RNAV, No reply.

position Waypoint 1, 1915, passing FL60, request
ammended clearance.

Kolkata Approach, VT-FLP, transmitting blind, negative No reply.

contact with you, changing over to Kolkata Control.

Kolkata Control, VT-FLP, negative contact with Kolkata Go to next Question.

Approach, GPS failed, unable RNAV, position Waypoint
1, 1915, passing FL60, request ammended clearance.
3 Kolkata Control, VT-FLP, passing FL190 for FL450, VLP, clear climb FL450,
request climb through RVSM airspace, unable RVSM due report passing FL270.
equipment.

Will continue climbing FL450, WILCO, VLP.

Kolkata Control, VLP, passing FL270 for FL450. Report exiting RVSM
airspace.

Will report exiting RVSM airspace or WILCO, VLP.

Kolkata Control, VLP, passing FL410 for FL450. Go to next Question.

4 Kolkata Control, VT-FLP, position SALMON, 1955, VLP, PPB hit by earthquake,
W112, FL450, estimating crossing Kolkata-Chennai FIR Airport closed, request
boundary 2005, ETA PPB 2025. intention.

Will divert to our alternate aerodrome Vishakapatnam, VLP, FL430 not available due
will alter course from present position on direct track 250 Indian Air Force exercise.
degrees approximately, FL430, to VVZ, estimating
crossing P628 2005, ETA VVZ 2035, Total EET 0300,
END 0400, request clearance.

Request descend FL280, VLP. Clear descend FL280.

Leaving FL450 for FL280, VLP. Go to next question.

5 a) Weather information, DATIS not available (NOTAM), Kolkata Tower.

b) Waypoint 1 passing FL60, GPS failed.

c) RVSM equipment not operational.

d) FL 270 and FL 410.

Chart No 4

VT – GBN

Time allowed: 25 minutes Total marks: 100

Aircraft Identification: VT – GBN Flight Rules: I Type of Flight: G
Type of Aircraft: Embraer Wake Turbulence CAT: M Equipment: S
Departure Aerodrome: VAAH Time: 03:05 Level: F 310
Route: W13N UUD A347 Alternate Aerodrome: VAAH
Destination Aerodrome: VIJP
Other Information: Chartered Flight by Golden Air

1 a You have started your engines that cabin crew informs one passenger is short of the
manifest list. Take appropriate action with ATC and your Company department other
than Operations.

1b Subsequent to above, make announcement to passengers.

2 You are ready to start.

3 ATD 04:40. Passing F170 your co-pilot reports passing F190. On checking you find both
altimeters giving different readings. Take action assuming no SSR service is available.

4 You sight the runway. Seek further clearance from Aerodrome Control and check
availability of appropriate landing aid for your landing.

5 Fill in the blanks and transmit the following:

a)
b) Communication between aircraft and ATC is _____ communication method.
c) To home on to a facility, one of the station should be _____ to the _____ station.
Angle between a radio beam from an aircraft and reference beam of Direction Finding
d) station to true North is _____ _____ _____
Pilots when out of range of VHF can communicate with each other on Inter pilot _____
e) channel.
Primary frequency is assigned to an aircraft as first choice for _____ communication
f) in _____ _____ _____
ITU Headquarters are at _____ and ITU stands for _____ _____ _____
1 a Ahmedabad Tower, VT-GBN, switching OFF the engines Ahmedabad Tower.
due short falling of one passenger from the manifest list.

Golden Air Dispatch, VT-GBN, stand 7, switched OFF Go to next Question.

the engines due short falling of one passenger from the
manifest list.
1 b Ladies and Gentlemen, this is your Captain speaking Go to next Question.
from the flight deck due to one passenger short on the
passenger manifest list, we have switched OFF engines,
this is a Security matter, please remain seated, our cabin
crew will take care of you, we regret for your delay.
2 Ahmedabad Tower, VT-GBN, stand 7, security checks Startup approved, VBN.
carried out, POB 70, request Startup, information B.

Startup approved, VBN.

Ahmedabad Tower, VBN, stand 7, request Taxi, VBN, cleared for Runway 09,
information B. taxi via C and B.

Cleared for Runway 09, taxi via C and B, VBN.

Ahmedabad Tower, VBN, at hold short Runway 09, VBN cleared to enter Runway
request Lineup. 09.
Cleared to enter Runway 09, VBN. Go to next Question.

3 Ahmedabad Control, VT-GBN, Disregard flight level, we VBN, cleared to Ahmedabad,

are not sure of level passing, both altimeters giving maintain your present level,
different readings, one altimeter showing FL170 and the Runway 09, QNH 1007.
other showing FL190, will return to Ahmedabad, request
instructions.

Recleared to Ahmedabad, will maintain present level,

Runway 09, QNH 1007, VBN.

Ahmedabad Control, VBN, request descend. VBN, descend to any level at

your discretion.
Go to next question.
Will descend to any level at our discretion, VBN.
4 Ahmedabad Tower, VT-GBN, runway in sight, request VBN, cleared for visual
visual approach, confirm PAPI is operational for our approach, descend to circuit
approach. height, join left hand
downwind, Runway 09, PAPI
available.
Cleared for visual approach, will descend to approximate
circuit height, will join left hand downwind, Runway 09,
VBN.

Ahmedabad Tower, VBN, on left hand downwind, VBN, report finals.

Runway 09.

Will report finals, VBN.

Ahmedabad Tower, VBN, on finals, Runway 09, aligned VBN, cleared to land, wind
on PAPI. 095 degrees, 12 knots.

Cleared to land, Runway 09, winds monitored, VBN. Go to next question.

5 a) Communication between aircraft and ATC is Air to Ground communication method.

b) To home on to a facility, one of the station should be Continuosly Monitoring to

the Other station.

c) Angle between a radio beam from an aircraft and reference beam of Direction Finding
station to true North is True Radio Bearing.

d) Pilots when out of range of VHF can communicate with each other on
Inter pilot Air to Air channel.

e) Primary frequency is assigned to an aircraft as first choice for Air to Ground

communication in Radio Telephony Network.

f) ITU Headquarters are at Geneva in Switzerland and ITU stands

for International Telecommunication Union.
Chart No 2

VT – GTI

Time allowed: 25 minutes Aircraft Total marks: 100

Identification: VT – GTI Type of Flight Rules: I Type of Flight: N
Aircraft: Bombardier Departure Wake Turbulence CAT: M Equipment: S
Aerodrome: VIGR Route: DCT KKJ Time: 05:30 Level: F 270
W33 BBN R460 Destination
Aerodrome: VEGY Other Alternate Aerodrome: VIBN
Information: Chartered Flight

1 ATD 05:30. Passing 3500 feet, Co-pilot informs that his FDTL will expire mid flight.
Inform ATC of your proposed action giving reason. Agree to the suggestion of ATC.

2 You are passing FL90 through rough weather and estimating KKJ 08:40, FL130 climbing.
Obtain necessary clearance from appropriate authority.

3 You are 50 NM from VIBN at FL270 that you start experiencing severe Turbulence and
Transponder mode ‘C’ stops working. VIBN ATC channel is heavily occupied. Take
appropriate action and show compliance to the requirement of ATC.

4 You are holding over VEGY at FL70, waiting for the runway to get cleared of a disabled
aircraft that you are left with 7 minutes to fuel exhaustion limit at the destination.

5 Transmit the following sentences with appropriate missing aviation words:

a)
b) In RT, Standby means _____ and _____
c) In RT, Control is suffix to _____ _____ _____
d) 9W is _____ _____ of _____ Airways.
e) In AIP, section of RAC relates to _____ and _____ Service.
f) Airway is a _____ _____, in the form of a _____ having _____ _____

In AIP section, MAP relates to _____ _____ _____

1 Gwalior Tower, VT-GTI, Flight Duty Time Limit of VTI, clear to Gwalior, suggest
Co-Pilot will expire midflight, will return to Gwalior, you can carry visual approach
passing Altitude 3500 feet, request instructions. due traffic.

Clear to Gwalior, will carry out visual approach, VTI.

Gwalior Tower, VTI, runway in sight, request descend to Go to next Question.

Circuit Altitude for visual approach.
Khajuraho Tower, VT-GTI, IMC, position 50 DME to
2 Go to next Question.
KKJ, 0830, passing FL90 for FL270, will join W33 at
KKJ FL130, estimating KKJ 0840 BHITI 0850, request
Joining clearance.
PAN-PAN, PAN-PAN, PAN-PAN, Varanasi Control,
3 VT-GTI, position 50 DME from BBN, 0910, R460, VTI, establish Radial 096
BBN, leave FL270 for FL230
FL270, experiencing severe Turbulence, request descend while passing FL250, return to
FL250. track.

Turning left to establish Radial 096 BBN, then will leave

FL270 for FL230, on passing FL250, will return to track,
VTI.

Varanasi Control, VTI, established Radial 096, leaving Roger.

FL270 for FL230.

Varanasi Control, VTI, passing FL250 for FL230, turning Go to next Question.
right for track.
Gaya Tower, VT-GTI, holding overhead GGC, FL70,
4 VTI, delay is not determined,
7 minutes left to holding fuel exhaustion limit, request
estimate of runway availability. crowbar of tractor broke
down.

Will divert to our alternate aerodrome Varanasi via R460 Go to next Question.
FL80, ETA BBN 1000, Total EET 0300, END 0400,
request permission, VTI.
5 a) In RT, Standby means Wait and I Will Call You.

b) In RT, Control is suffix to Area Control Centre.

c) 9W is IATA Code of Jet Airways.

d) In AIP, section of RAC relates to Rules of Air and Air Traffic Service.

e) Airway is a Controlled Airspace, in the form of a Corridor having Navigation Aids.

f) In AIP section, MAP relates to Aeronautical Charts Published.

Chart No 5

VT – IIO

Time allowed: 25 minutes Total marks: 100

Aircraft Identification: VT – IIO Flight Rules: I Type of Flight: N
Type of Aircraft: ATR Wake Turbulence CAT: M Equipment: S
Departure Aerodrome: VAAU Time: 07:05 Level: F 130
Route: G450 NNP N895
Destination Aerodrome: VEBS Alternate Aerodrome: VANP
Other Information:

NOTAM: Above FL110, AAU is closed till further notice.

1 a You intend to climb overhead FL110 continuosly before setting course. Arrange
your Startup.

1 b An aircraft being pulled by a tractor crosses ahead of you at a close distance at an

intersection of taxiways. It takes you by surprise as it was not operating its essential
lighting system.

2 ATD 07:25. You are passing FL70 for FL110, RLCE.

3 Subsequent to above, request for higher climb at the earliest.

4 Over OPASA, you are ready for descent.

5 Transmit the following sentences with appropriate missing aviation words:

a) SARPS stands for _____ _____ _____ _____

b) ITU headquarters is located in _____ and its full form is _____ _____ _____

c) Urgent call to be transmitted as _____ and Medical distress as _____

d) Before RT call check, make sure _____ _____ _____ and _____ _____ _____

e) _____ is issued when weather at station changes _____

1 a Aurangabad Tower, VT-IIO, request climb overhead VIO, no delay.
FL110 and then will set course to destination, advise time
to start.

Stand 7, security checks carried out, POB 70, request Clear to start.
Startup, information A.

Clear to start, VIO. Go to next Question.

1 b Aurangabad Tower, VIO, approaching intersection, Go to next Question.

A and E, one towing aircraft crossed ahead at
intersection, from left to right, Navigation lights of
aircraft are not operating.
Aurangabad Tower, VIO, climbing overhead, passing
2 No reply.
FL70 for FL110, will request climb FL130 at 50 DME
from AAU.

Aurangabad Tower, VIO, transmitting blind, climbing Go to next Question.

overhead, passing FL70 for FL110, changing over to
Nagpur Control, I say again.

3 Nagpur Control, VT-IIO, negative contact with VIO, reciprocal traffic AI554
Aurangabad Tower, position 50 DME from AAU, FL110, at FL120 expected to cross
request climb FL130, estimating DUBOX 0745 you at DUBOX.
NINAT 0755.

Will maintain FL110 till DUBOX, VIO. VIO, negative contact with
reciprocal traffic.

Will contact Air India 554, VIO.

Air India 554, VT-IIO, request your position. VT-IIO, position 2 NM to

DUBOX, Air India 554.

2 NM to DUBOX, VT-IIO.

Nagpur Control, VT-IIO, Air India 554 is 2 NM to Go to next Question.

DUBOX.
4 Kolkata Control, VT-IIO, position OPASA, 0825, N895, VIO, negative traffic with
FL130, estimating HIRA 0835, ETA BBS 0845, request Kolkata, clear to change over
descend. to next ATC.

Negative traffic with Kolkata, changing over to

Bhubaneshwar Approach, VIO.

Bhubaneshwar Approach, VT-IIO, position OPASA, Enter BBS airspace via

0825, N895, FL130, estimating HIRA 0835, ETA BBS ISMON.
0845, negative traffic with Kolkata Control, request
descend.

Will enter Bhubaneshwar Airspace via ISMON, changing

back to Kolkata Control.

Kolkata Control, VIO, Bhubaneshwar wants us to enter in Go to next Question.

his Airspace via ISMON, request clearance.

5 a) SARPS stands for Standard And Recommended Practices.

b) ITU headquarters is located in Geneva in Switzerland and its full form

is International Telecommunication Union.

c) Urgent call to be transmitted as PAN-PAN and Medical distress as MEDICAL.

d) Before RT call check, make sure Frequency is not Occupied

and Tuned to Correct Frequency.

e) SPECI is issued when weather at station changes Significantly.

Chart No 6

VT – KLO

Time allowed: 25 minutes Total marks: 100

Aircraft Identification: VT – KLO Flight Rules: I Type of Flight: N
Type of Aircraft: ATR Wake Turbulence CAT: M Equipment: S
Departure Aerodrome: VEBS Time: 02:30 Level: F 390
Route: N895 POMFRET W112
Destination Aerodrome: VOPB Alternate Aerodrome: VOMM
Other Information:

1 a While taxiing, visibility low, you entered runway by mistake, take action.

1b You are lined up on runway, but getting unusual sound.

2 You have to cross A465 at FL70 or lower. Take action as you departed BBS.

3 You reach POMFRET and decide not to head on to destination due technical snag.

4 Overhead BUBKO, aircraft is too heavy for landing, say intentions.

5 Transmit in full form of the following:

a) EET

b) EAT

c) QFE

d) QNE

e) RVSM
1 a Bhubaneshwar Tower, VT-KLO, inadvertently entered VT-KLO, either depart
Runway 10 from intersection P1 due low visibility, immediately, or vacate the
request further instructions. runway.

Will depart, request Lineup Runway 10, VT-KLO. VT-KLO, clear Lineup
Runway 10.
Go to next Question.
Lineup Runway 10, VT-KLO.
VT-KLO, immediately vacate
1 b Bhubaneshwar Tower, VT-KLO, lined up Runway 10,
the runway via E.
request to vacate the runway due technical.

Vacating runway via E, VT-KLO.

Bhubaneshwar Tower, VT-KLO, Runway 10 vacated. Go to next Question.

2 Bhubaneshwar Tower, VT-KLO, departed Bhubaneshwar No reply.

at 0250, N895, will cross A465 at FL70.

Bhubaneshwar Tower, VT-KLO, transmitting blind, No reply.

negative contact with you, changing over to
Bhubaneshwar Approach.

Bhubaneshwar Approach, VT-KLO, negative contact Go to next Question.

with Bhubaneshwar Tower, departed Bhubaneshwar at
0250, N895, passing Altitude 4000, will cross A465 at
FL70.
Kolkata Control, VT-KLO, position POMFRET, 0310,
3 VT-KLO, heavy weather
W112, FL390, will divert to Kolkata due technical via
W112 at FL380, to CEA, estimating DOPID 0320, ETA reported at DOPID, request
CEA 0340, Total EET 0300, END 0400, request intention.
clearance.

Will divert via N895 at FL380, BUBKO, M770, KAKID, VT-KLO, clear divert to CEA.
A465 at FL390, to CEA, estimating BUBKO 0320
KAKID 0330, ETA CEA 0410, Total EET 0300, END
0400, request clearance.

Clear divert to CEA, VT-KLO. Go to next Question.

4 Kolkata Control, VT-KLO, position BUBKO, 0320, VT-KLO, dump fuel 50 NM
FL380, request Sector to dump fuel due aircraft too heavy South of BUBKO.
for landing, duration 20 minutes.

Will dump fuel 50 NM South of BUBKO and then set Roger.

course to CEA, VT-KLO.

Kolkata Control, VT-KLO, position 50 NM South of VT-KLO, monitor 121.5

BUBKO, will maintain Radio Silence for 20, request Frequency.
Frequency to monitor.

Will monitor Frequency 121.5, VT-KLO. Go to next Question.

5 a) Estimated Elapsed Time

b) Estimated Approach Time

c) ‘Q’ Code for Field Elevation

d) Standard Atmospheric Setting 29.92 inch of mercury or 1013.25 hectopascal

e) Reduced Vertical Separation Minima

Chart No 4

VT – LMO

Time allowed: 25 minutes Total marks: 100

Aircraft Identification: VT – LMO Flight Rules: Y Type of Flight: N
Type of Aircraft: ATR Wake Turbulence CAT: M Equipment: S
Departure Aerodrome: VAKJ Time: 03:30 Level: F 210
Route: W40 LKN W85 F120 VFR
Destination Aerodrome: VIPT Alternate Aerodrome: VILK
Other Information:

1 a As you are taxing out cabin crew member informs that a passenger has barricaded herself
in Toilet and is simply refusing to come out.

1 b You get airborne 04:15. You are passing Level 2500 that ATC calls you. Answer the call.

2 You reach your cruising level at 37 DME distance from KKJ. ATC informs you that VILK
ATC has gone off the air. Arrange to continue your flight on route segment.

3 You reach VILK at cruising level. Announce your plan to comply to flight plan.

4 You reach VIPT at FL50.

5 Transmit the following sentences containing abbreviations in full form:

a)
b) A/c is Req Dev by 17 NM due LSq
c) Hldg over NDB DP blw lvl 3500 not permitted
d) NC in RENL Opns
e) Mntn ROD 600 till Alt 5000
AIRAC is issued by DGCA
1 a Khajuraho Tower, VT-LMO, on taxiway B, one female Go to next Question.
passenger has locked herself in toilet refusing to coming
out, no demands made so far, request taxi back to apron
and Security on arrival.
Khajuraho Tower, VT-LMO, go ahead.
1b VMO, climb overhead FL90
thereafter set course climbing
FL130.
Will climb overhead FL90 thereafter set course climbing
to FL130, VMO.

Khajuraho Tower, VMO, overhead KKJ at FL90, setting Go to next Question.

course climbing FL130.
Nagpur Control, VT-LMO, position 37 DME from KKJ, VMO, request radial and
2
0425, W40, FL130, request climb FL210 due Lucknow distance.
ATC unavailable.

Radial 015 KKJ and distance 37 DME from KKJ, [Link] traffic VT-EDC,
ATR, FL140, estimating to
cross you at 55 DME KKJ,
negative contact with traffic,
request check traffic for its
position.
Reciprocal traffic VT-EDC, ATR, at FL140, estimating to
cross us at 55 DME KKJ, contacting traffic for its
position.

VT-EDC, VT-LMO, request your DME. VT-LMO, VT-EDC, 39 DME

from LKN.
33 DME KKJ, VT-EDC.
Request your DME from KKJ, VT-LMO.

33 DME KKJ, VT-LMO.

Nagpur Control, VT-EDC is 33 DME to KKJ, VMO. VMO, climb FL210.

Leaving FL130 for FL210, VMO. Go to next Question.

3 Delhi Control, VT-LMO, position overhead LKN, 0435, VMO, descend FL120.
FL210, ETA Pantnagar 0455, via W85, request descend
FL120, will fly VFR after passing FL150.

Leaving FL210 for FL120, VMO.

Delhi Control, VMO, passing FL150 for FL120, Go to next Question.

cancelling IFR changing over to VFR at 0437.
4 Pantnagar Tower, VT-LMO, position overhead Pantnagar, VMO, descend to circuit
0445, FL50, request descend to circuit altitude. altitude, QNH 1004, report
downwind left hand circuit
Runway 22.
Leaving FL50 for circuit altitude, will report left hand
downwind Runway 22, QNH 1004, VMO.

Confirm QNH 1004. Affirm.

Go to next Question.

5 a) Aircraft is Requesting Deviation by 17 NM due Line Squall.

b) Holding over Non Directional Beacon Delta Papa below level three thousand five
hundred not permitted.

c) No Change in Runway End Lights Operations.

d) Maintain Rate of Descend six hundred till Altitude five thousand.

e) Aeronautical Information Regulation And Control is issued by Director General of

Civil Aviation.
Chart No 8

VT – MAK

Time allowed: 25 minutes Total marks: 100

Aircraft Identification: VT – MAK Flight Rules: I Type of Flight: N
Type of Aircraft: Boeing Wake Turbulence CAT: H Equipment: S
Departure Aerodrome: VTBD (Bangkok) Time: 04:30 Level: F 320
Route: P646 DOPID W114 CEA W106
Destination Aerodrome: VEPT Alternate Aerodrome: VECC
Other Information: Chartered Flight

1 You are 30 NM left of P646 due Weather and estimating Yangon-Kolkata FIR boundary at
07:05. You intend to rejoin the route at Dopid. Show compliance to the requirement for
entering Indian Airspace and other necessary information.

2 You reach FIR boundary. Weather continues to be bad. You plan to join ATS route at
VEJS.

3 Weather deteriorating and your aircraft gets struck by lightning when you are left of
Dopid. Instrument panel becomes erratic. One passenger faints. VECC is under heavy
Weather. You decide to land at domestic VEBS Government aerodrome.

4 You have landed. Give to ATC, the required details of your action in compliance to the
mandatory rules pertaining to your case of having landed at VEBS.

5 Transmit the following sentences containing abbreviations in full form:

a)
b) Simultaneous T/o from Parl Rwys is Pos
c) Obst must be Lgtd in & around AD
d) RNN aft xng tfc on Rte
e) Cfm LH PTN Cmpl
In Ady airspace Adz is provided
1 Kolkata Control, VT-MAK, position 30 NM left of P646, VT-MAK, report over FIR.
40 NM to Yangon-Kolkata FIR boundary due Weather,
0655, FL320, estimating Yangon-Kolkata FIR boundary
0705 DOPID 0715, Authority number YA123, FIC
number A273, ADC number Z452, request entering
Indian Airspace clearance.

Will report over FIR, VT-MAK.

2
Kolkata Control, VT-MAK, position 30 NM left of P646, Go to next Question.
abeam IBITA, 0705, FL320, due bad Weather, will
continue flying offset and rejoin P646 at JJS due Weather,
estimating crossing W41 at 0715 JJS 0725, revised ETA
PPT 0830, Total EET 0600, END 0700, request
clearance.
3 MAYDAY, MAYDAY, MAYDAY, Kolkata Control, Roger your Mayday, clear for
VT-MAK, Boeing, aircraft struck by lightening, Bhubaneshwar.
instrument panel erratic, one passenger fainted, will make
Forced Landing at Bhubaneshwar, unable to proceed
Kolkata due Weather, position 30 NM left of P646,
abeam DOPID at FL320, ETA BBS 0735, POB 120, Fuel
0200.

Clear for Bhubaneshwar, VT-MAK. Go to next Question.

4 Bhubaneshwar Tower, VT-MAK, when we were abeam Go to next Question.

DOPID, 30 NM left of P646, lightening struck,
instrument panel erratic, one passenger fainted, filed
Alternate aerodrome Kolkata had bad Weather, we
diverted to Bhubaneshwar, will not allow any goods to be
unloaded and no passenger or crew members will leave
the aircraft till Custom officers arrive.
5 a) Simultaneous Takeoff from Parellel Runways is Possible.

b) Obstacle must be Lighted in and around Aerodrome.

c) Resume Normal Navigation after crossing Traffic on Route.

d) Confirm Left hand Procedure turn complete.

e) In Advisory airspace Advice is provided.

Chart No 7

VT – MSA

Time allowed: 25 minutes Total marks: 100

Aircraft Identification: VT – MSA Flight Rules: V Type of Flight: N
Type of Aircraft: ATR Wake Turbulence CAT: M Equipment: S
Departure Aerodrome: VOTR Time: 11:00 Level: F 130
Route: W25 MDI R461 CCB W119 CLC W15
Destination Aerodrome: VOML Alternate Aerodrome: VOCL
Other Information:

1 a You are taxing for departure and you overtake another aircraft on left converging taxiway
intersecting at a short distance. You see Fire coming from one of its under-carriage tire.
Inform ATC. Take appropriate action for your safety.

1 b The fire tenders have surrounded the above aircraft and are dousing the tires. You are
ready to start taxi again for departure.

2 a After 1 hour, you are approaching holding position Runway 27 and are ready for Take off
without delay.

2 b You sight the traffic on finals. Seek permission to Line up, subject to the landing aircraft.

2 c You are Lined up. Initiate action with ATC for Take off confirming Runway is free.

3 ATD 12:35. You climb overhead VOTR at FL90 and set course.

4 You are 50 NM from VOCL due strong winds. Your ETA MML is 13:30 and
Sunset is 13:15.
5 Fill in the blanks and transmit the following:

a)
Minimum Lateral Separation between 2 aircrafts from NDB is _____ degrees
at _____ KM.
b)
Height is _____ distance measured from a _____ level.
c)
VFR flight cannot be operated when Cloud Ceiling is below _____ feet
above _____ or _____
d)
Flight Plan filed with ATS is known as _____ Flight Plan.
e)
In Weather report, Cloud amount ‘SCT’ means _____ to _____ OKTAS.
1 a PAN-PAN, PAN-PAN, PAN-PAN, Trichi Tower, VSA, Fire has been observed,
VT-MSA, on taxiway B, sighted Fire coming from tire of aircraft is not answering RT
left undercarriage of Boeing aircraft on taxiway C, we are calls, Fire Fighting services
stopping at our position, rush Fire Fighting services. informed, take action.

Will make a 180 degree turn, request Alternate taxiway, Go to next Question.
VSA.
Trichi Tower, VSA, request taxi for departure. VSA, all fire tenders busy in
1b
fire fighting.
Go to next Question.
Cancelling departure, request taxi back to apron, VSA.
VSA, hold position due
2 a Trichi Tower, VSA, approaching hold short Runway 27,
arriving traffic having Radio
ready for immediate departure.
Communication Failure,
5 miles on finals.
Go to next Question.
Will hold position at hold short Runway 27, VSA.
VSA, after landing traffic,
2 b Trichi Tower, VSA, traffic on finals in sight, request Lineup and Wait.
Lineup behind the landing traffic.

Will Lineup after the landing traffic and hold position, Go to next Question.
VSA.
Trichi Approach, VT-MSA, position overhead Trichi,
3 VSA, contact next ATC.
passing FL90 for FL130, setting course for Destination
Mangalore, estimating MDI 1245 CCB 1255.

Will contact Madurai Approach, VSA.

Madurai Approach, VT-MSA, climbing overhead Trichi, Go to next Question.

passing FL90 for FL130, setting course for Destination
Mangalore, estimating MDI 1245 CCB 1255.

4 Cochin Approach, VT-MSA, position 50 DME from VSA, recleared to Calicut at

CLC, 1305, W15, FL130, ETA Mangalore 1330, Sunset FL100.
1315, will land at our Alternate aerodrome Calicut now,
will alter course from present position via W15 at FL130,
ETA Calicut 1310, request clearance.

Recleared to Calicut at FL100, VSA. Go to next Question.

5 a) Minimum Lateral Separation between 2 aircrafts from NDB is 30 degrees
at 28 KM.

b) Height is Vertical distance measured from a Specified level.

c) VFR flight cannot be operated when Cloud Ceiling is below 1500 feet
above Ground or Water.

d) Flight Plan filed with ATS is known as Filed Flight Plan.

e) In Weather report, Cloud amount ‘SCT’ means 3 to 4 OKTAS.

Chart No 2

AI – 178

Time allowed: 25 minutes Total marks: 100

Aircraft Identification: AI – 178 Flight Rules: I Type of Flight: S
Type of Aircraft: Airbus Wake Turbulence CAT: H
Departure Aerodrome: VIDP Time: 03:10
Route: R460 LKN G598 Equipment: S Level: F 310
Destination Aerodrome: VNKT (Kathmandu) Alternate Aerodrome: VIDP
Other Information:

NOTAM: VILK Runway not available from 04:00 till 07:30 due re-carpeting.
NOTAM: VIBN Fire Services not available till further notice.
1 a During taxi for departure, cabin crew informs you of a stow away. Take action.

1 b After a delay of 40 minutes, you are ready to start again.

2 ATD 04:15. You have crossed Aligarh passing FL130 for FL190, estimating Kadas 04:40.
ATC calls you.

3 Over VILK you pass FL230 for FL310. VILK changes you to next ATC.

4 At 60 NM from VILK on track, FL310, you shut down Right Engine due over heating and
decide to land as soon as possible.

5 Transmit the following sentences containing abbreviations in full form:

a) Cfrm RTE R460 is an AWY

b) Exer Ctn bfr x-ing Tax Charlie

c) Cld Hgt is Abv 1000 ft Wx Dtrt

d) ATD not Rec Fm Dep AD

e) CAT at lower Lvl Exer Ctn

1 a Delhi Ground, Air India 178, on taxiway B, one Go to next Question.
stowaway reported, male, 25 years, request taxi back to
apron and Security on arrival.

1 b Delhi Ground, Air India 178, heavy, stand 7, security Go to next Question.
checks carried out, POB 140, request Startup,
information B.

2 Delhi Control, Air India 178, go ahead. Air India 178, report your
DME.
Crossing traffic at KADAS,
2 DME from ALI, Air India 178.
Indian Air Force fighter,
FL200, contact next ATC
authority.

Crossing traffic at KADAS, Indian Air Force fighter,

FL200, will contact Lucknow Approach, Air India 178.

Lucknow Approach, Air India 178, passing FL130 for Go to next Question.
FL190 due reciprocal traffic, Indian Air Force fighter at
FL200, estimating KADAS 0440 LKN 0450.

3 Varanasi Control, Air India 178, position LKN, passing

Maintain FL310, report your
FL230 for FL310, estimating APIPU 0500 PARSA [Link].

Radial 084 LKN, Air India 178. PAN PAN, PAN PAN, PAN Go to next Question.

4 PAN, Varanasi Control, Air Go to next Question.

India 178, Airbus, position 60 DME from LKN, Engine
number 2 switched OFF due overheating, will return back
to Delhi via Direct GUGIP on track 290 degrees, FL300,
B345 LKN R594 to DPN, estimating GUGIP 0505
LKN 0515.
5 a) Confirm Route R460 is an Airway.

b) Exercise Caution before crossing Taxiway Charlie.

c) Cloud Height is above 1000 feet Weather Deteriorating

d) Actual Time of Departure not Received from Departure Aerodrome.

e) Clear Air Turbulence at lower Level Exercise Caution.

Chart No 2

AI – 187

Time allowed: 25 minutes Total marks: 100

Aircraft Identification: AI – 187 Flight Rules: I Type of Flight: S
Type of Aircraft: Airbus Wake Turbulence CAT: H
Departure Aerodrome: VIDP Time: 03:10 Equipment: S Level: F 310
Route: R460 LKN G598 Alternate Aerodrome: VIDP
Destination Aerodrome: VNKT (Kathmandu)
Other Information:

NOTAM: VILK Runway not available from 04:00 till 07:30 due re-carpeting.
NOTAM: VIBN Fire Services not available till further notice.
1 a Having started your engines to taxi out, cabin crew informs you that two passengers have

got into fight and one has hit the other and the person is bleeding.

1 b After a delay of 40 minutes, you are ready to start again.

2 ATD 04:15. You have crossed Aligarh passing FL130 for FL190, estimating Kadas 04:40.
ATC calls you.

3 Over VILK you pass FL230 for FL310. VILK changes you to next ATC.

4 At 60 NM from VILK on track, you experience Cabin Depressurization. You decide not to
proceed further.

5 Transmit the following sentences containing abbreviations in full form:

a) Cfrm RTE R460 is an AWY

b) Exer Ctn bfr x-ing Tax Charlie

c) Cld Hgt is Abv 1000 ft Wx Dtrt

d) ATD not Rec Fm Dep AD

e) CAT at lower Lvl Exer Ctn

1 a Delhi Ground, Air India 187, stand 5, two passengers Informing Security.
have become violent with each other, one has been hit Go to next Question.
and is bleeding, request send Security will disembark
both the passengers, switching OFF the engines.
Delhi Ground, Air India 187, heavy, stand 5, security
1b Go to next Question.
checks carried out, POB now 118, request Startup,
information B.

Delhi Control, Air India 187, go ahead.

2 Air India 187, report your
DME.
Crossing traffic at KADAS,
2 DME from ALI, Air India 187.
Indian Air Force fighter,
FL200, contact next ATC
authority.

Crossing traffic at KADAS, Indian Air Force fighter,

FL200, will contact Lucknow Approach, Air India 187.

Lucknow Approach, Air India 187, crossed ALI, 0425, Air India 187, report KADAS.
R460, passing FL130 for FL190, estimating KADAS
0440 LKN 0450.

will report reaching KADAS, Air India 187. Go to next Question.

3 Varanasi Control, Air India 178, position LKN, passing Maintain FL310, report your
FL230 for FL310, estimating APIPU 0500 PARSA [Link].

Radial 084 LKN, Air India 187. Go to next Question.

4 MAYDAY, MAYDAY, MAYDAY, Varanasi Control, Air Air India 187, Roger your
India 187, Airbus, experiencing Cabin Depressurization, MAYDAY, descend FL210,
position 60 DME from LKN, will return back to Delhi recleared to Delhi, report
via Direct GUGIP on track 315 degrees, B345 LKN passing FL250, further
R594, estimating GUGIP 0500 LKN 0510, request descend with Lucknow.
descend FL100, POB 118, Fuel 0200.

Leaving FL310 for FL210, will report passing FL250, Go to next Question.
further descend with Lucknow, Air India 187.
5 a) Confirm Route R460 is an Airway.

b) Exercise Caution before crossing Taxiway Charlie.

c) Cloud Height is above 1000 feet Weather Deteriorating

d) Actual Time of Departure not Received from Departure Aerodrome.

e) Clear Air Turbulence at lower Level Exercise Caution.

Chart No 2

AI – 292

Time allowed: 25 minutes Total marks: 100

Aircraft Identification: AI – 292 Flight Rules: I Type of Flight: S
Type of Aircraft: Airbus Wake Turbulence CAT: H
Departure Aerodrome: VIDP Time: 01:00
Route: R460 BBN W44 PPT G336 Equipment: S Level: F 310
Destination Aerodrome: VNKT (Kathmandu) Alternate Aerodrome: VIBN
Other Information: REG/ VT – EDC

1 a While the embarkation of passenger is in progress, ATC calls you. Answer the call and
take action in compliance to Rules and inform ATC.

1 b You are approaching Runway Holding Position. You sight landing traffic Boeing on short
final. ATC permits you to line up after the traffic. Acknowledge the clearance.

1 c You are ready for takeoff.

2 a ATD 02:30. Passing level 3500 you want to return to VIDP and hold due technical reason.

2 b In compliance to ATC clearance received above, you reach DPN. You want to climb to
FL100.

3 You reach Kadas. ATC calls you. Answer the call and take action to continue the flight.

4 You have crossed Kadas. Take necessary action with appropriate ATC as per rules.

5 Expand in aviation phraseology:

a) NDB f) AFTS
b) FIR g) WILCO
c) RDARA h) RVSM
d) CPDLC i) GNSS
e) PANS j) TAS
1 a Delhi Ground, Air India 292, go ahead. Air India 292, a suspected case
of Swine Flu has boarded
aircraft.
Go to next Question.
Stopping further embarkation, request to send Health
Officer to aircraft, Air India 292.
1 b Clear Lineup behind landing traffic Boeing on short Go to next Question.
finals, Air India 292.
Delhi Tower, Air India 292, Lined up Runway 09, ready
1c No reply.
for departure.
Delhi Ground, Air India 292, negative contact with
Tower, Lined up Runway 09, ready for departure. Air India 252, cleared for
Confirm takeoff clearance is for Air India 292, not for takeoff.
Air India 252. Correction, Air India 292,
Clear for takeoff Runway 09, Air India 292. clear for takeoff.
Go to next Question. Air India
Delhi Tower, Air India 292, passing altitude 3500 feet,
will return back to DPN and hold due technical reason, 292, climb on track
2 a request FL for holding. to ALI, FL70 and then return
to DPN.

Will set course Direct ALI for FL70 then return to DPN, Go to next Question.
Air India 292.
Delhi Approach, Air India 292, over DPN, FL70, request Air India 292, clear to enter
2b
to enter in hold and climb FL100 in hold. hold and climb FL100.

Entering in hold, leaving FL70 for FL100, Air India [Link] to next Question.

3 Delhi Control, Air India 292, go ahead. R460 closed beyond LKN,
take action.
Air India 292, cleared as per
Position KADAS, 0250, R460, FL310, will alter course
revised routing.
from LKN, will reroute via G598 and resume normal
navigation thereafter to KTM, estimating LKN 0300
APIPU 0310, revised ETA KTM 0400, Total EET 0300,
END 0400, revised alternate aerodrome PPT, request
clearance.

Cleared as per revised routing, Air India 292. Go to next Question.

4 Varanasi Control, Air India 292, crossed KADAS, 0250, Air India 292, enter Varanasi
R460, FL310, estimating LKN 0300 APIPU 0310, Airspace FL350 due traffic.
request Transit clearance.

Will enter Varanasi Airspace at FL350, changing back to

Delhi Control, Air India 292.

Delhi Control, Air India 292, request climb FL350 due Air India 292, FL350 not
traffic with Varanasi. available, Delhi can clear you
for FL370.

Will check with Varanasi for FL370, changing back to

Varanasi Control, Air India 292.

Varanasi Control, Air India 292, confirm FL370 available FL370 available.
with you due traffic at FL350 with Delhi.

FL370 available, changing back to Delhi Control, Air Go to next Question.

India 292.

5 a) Non Directional Beacon

b) Flight Information Region

c) Regional Domestic Air Route Area

d) Controller Pilot Data Link Communication

e) Procedure for Air Navigation Services

f) Aeronautical Fixed Telecommunication Service

g) Will Comply

h) Reduced Vertical Separation Minima

i) Global Navigation Satellite System

j) True Air Speed

Chart No 6

AI – 8890

Time allowed: 25 minutes Total marks: 100

Aircraft Identification: AI – 8890 Flight Rules: I Type of Flight: S
Type of Aircraft: Boeing Wake Turbulence CAT: H Equipment: S
Departure Aerodrome: VECC Time: 05:00 Level: F 350
Route: W112 Alternate Aerodrome: VOMM
Destination Aerodrome: VOPB
Other Information:

NOTAM: Surface Movement Control frequency not available till further notice.

1 a You are parked next to a refueling aircraft. All passengers have boarded. Ground crew
informs you on intercom that one package loaded in Cargo hold is emitting Smoke.
ATC is highly intermittent. Take immediate RT action.

1 b The Fire operations are all over and you want to take the aircraft to another stand with th
help of a tractor for embarking of passengers.

2a Synchronize aircraft watch with ATC. Time as per your own watch is 11:30 IST.

2 b Give time check to VT - REN who fails to understand the time check given by ATC.
2 c ATC gives you taxi route via C, K, P and J. PCN of N is lower than your ACN.

3 Airborne 06:35 from Runway 01L. Passing level 2000 on takeoff leg, another aircraft
passes through your level while descending to land on parallel Runway to your right.
Make Radio report when passing level 4000 and turning right for your track.

4 You reach Dopid 06:50 FL350 that due Weather ahead you decide to re-route from Dopid
and proceed via Palko and P628.

5 Transmit the following sentences containing abbreviations in full form:

a)
b) Cfrm RTE R460 is an AWY
c) Exer Ctn bfr x-ing Tax Charlie
d) Cld Hgt is Abv 1000 ft Wx Dtrt
e) ATD not Rec Fm Dep AD
CAT at lower Lvl Exer Ctn
1 a MAYDAY, MAYDAY, MAYDAY, Kolkata Tower, Roger your MAYDAY, action
Air India 8890 on 121.5, Boeing, one package emitting is being taken, maintain this
smoke in the cargo hold in aircraft parked on stand 7, frequency.
disembarking all passengers, get refuelling stopped Go to next Question.
immediately of the aircraft on adjacent stand 7, rush Fire
Fighting services.

1 b Kolkata Tower, Air India 8890, position stand 7, request Go to next Question.
to tow aircraft to another stand, request stand number.
Kolkata Tower, Air India 8890, request time check.
2a Air India 8890, time check on
the hour.
Go to next Question.
On the hour, Air India 8890.
Go to next Question.
2 b VT – REN, Air India 8890, time now 0600.
Expect delay 7 minutes.
2 c Kolkata Tower, Air India 8890, Pavement Classification
Number of taxiway P is lower than our Aircraft
Classification Number, request alternate taxi routing.

Will take delay 7 minutes, Air India 8890. No reply.

Kolkata Tower, Air India 8890, request taxi. Taxi via P3 instead of P to
holding position Runway 01L.

Cleared to holding position Runway 01L, will taxi via C, Go to next Question.
K, P3 and J, Air India 8890.
3 Kolkata Tower, Air India 8890, Boeing, VMC, Aircraft has radio
AIRPROX, risk of collision, TAS 180 knots, position communicaton failure and
turning right passing level 4000 feet, climbing to FL350, seems to be having some
time of incident 0636, when passing level 2000 on emergency.
takeoff leg, one aircraft passed through our level
approaching to land Runway 19L.
Air India 8890.
Go to next Question.
4 Kolkata Control, Air India 8890, position DOPID, 0650, Rerouting approved, cross
W112, FL350, will alter course from present position due M770, FL240 due traffic and
Weather ahead, will reroute via Direct PALKO on track maintain.
220 degrees, FL340, A465 LARIK P628 FL350 to PPB,
estimating crossing M770 0700 N895 0710, PALKO
0720 ISMON 0730, revised ETA PPB 0800, Total EET
0300, END 0400, request clearance.
Rerouting approved, will cross M770 at FL240 due
Go to next Question.
traffic and maintain, Air India 8890.
5 a) Confirm Route R460 is an Airway.

b) Exercise Caution before crossing Taxiway Charlie.

c) Cloud Height is above 1000 feet Weather Deteriorating

d) Actual Time of Departure not Received from Departure Aerodrome.

e) Clear Air Turbulence at lower Level Exercise Caution.

Chart No 6

AI – 8895

Time allowed: 25 minutes Total marks: 100

Aircraft Identification: AI – 8895 Flight Rules: I Type of Flight: S
Type of Aircraft: Boeing Wake Turbulence CAT: H Equipment: S
Departure Aerodrome: VECC Time: 05:00 Level: F 310
Route: W112 Alternate Aerodrome: VOMM
Destination Aerodrome: VOPB
Other Information:

NOTAM: Tower Frequency not available till further notice.

1 a You are taxing out for departure, approaching an intersection you see Fuel leaking from
underside of left wing of another aircraft proceeding on your taxi route, ahead of you.
Considering Fire risk take immediate action for safety.

1 b Nearing holding position Runway 01L, you decide to take off without delay.

2 a As you start rolling for takeoff that a Helicopter lands ahead of you and you save the
situation by turning off to a taxiway during your roll. Make a stern report about incident
that could have been a major accident.

2b Subsequent to above situation you start getting Hot Tire indication.

3 Airborne 06:35 from Runway 01L. You are passing FL60 that you decide climb
to FL350.

4 You reach Dopid 06:50 at FL350 that due Weather ahead you decide to re-route from
Dopid and proceed via Palko and P628.

5 Transmit the following sentences with appropriate missing aviation words:

a) An instrument approach has _____ segment, _____ segment and _____ segment.
b) Runway strip comprises of _____ and _____ of _____ aerodrome.
c) ATC service to Aerodrome Traffic is provided by _____ _____ _____
d) Annexure 10, Volume 2 relates to _____ _____ _____ _____
e) Approach Control Service is provided by _____ _____ _____
f) Guwahati FIR is from _____ to _____ _____
1 a MAYDAY, MAYDAY, MAYDAY, Kolkata Ground, Air India Roger your MAYDAY, turn
8895, Boeing, on taxiway A, approaching intersection A right from intersection.
and B, observed fuel leaking from underside of left wing
of aircraft ahead of us, this is Fire hazard, will request to
change taxiway route from approaching intersection,
POB 120, fuel 0300.

Will turn right from intersection, Air India 8895. Go to next Question.

1 b Kolkata Ground, Air India 8895, approaching hold short Air India 8895, Tower
Runway 01L, ready for immediate departure. frequency is operating normal.

Will contact Tower, Air India 8895. Go to next Question.

2 a Kolkata Tower, Air India 8895, abandoned takoff due We had negative contact with
Helicopter landed ahaead of us, we took a left turn at high the Helicopter.
speed on taxiway B, it could have been a major Accident.

We demand full investigation, Air India 8895. Go to next Question.

2 b Kolkata Ground, Air India 8895, on taxiway B, getting Go to next Question.

Hot Tire indication, stopped on taxiway B, request Fire
Fighting services for visual check.

3 Kolkata Approach, Air India 8895, departed Air India 8895, expect FL350
Runway 01L, passing FL60 for FL310, request further from next ATC, cleared to
climb FL350. chage over.

Changing over to Kolkata Control, Air India 8895.

Kolkata Control, Air India 8895, passing FL60 for Air India 8895, clear climb
FL350, request further climb FL350. FL350, reach FL350 by
DOPID.

Clear climb FL350, will reach FL350 by DOPID,

Air India 8895.

Kolkata Control, Air India 8895, position DOPID, 0645, Go to next Question.
W112, FL350, estimating POMFRET 0655
CHARLIE 0705.
4 Kolkata Control, Air India 8890, position DOPID, 0650, Rerouting approved, cross
W112, FL350, will alter course from present position due M770, FL240 due traffic and
Weather ahead, will reroute via Direct PALKO on track maintain.
220 degrees, FL340, A465 LARIK P628 FL350 to PPB,
estimating crossing M770 0700 N895 0710, PALKO
0720 ISMON 0730, revised ETA PPB 0800, Total EET
0300, END 0400, request clearance.
Rerouting approved, will cross M770 at FL240 due traffic Go to next Question.
and maintain, Air India 8890.

5 a) An instrument approach has Initial segment, Intermediate segment and Final segment.

b) Runway strip comprises of Stopway and Clearway of Landing aerodrome.

c) ATC service to Aerodrome Traffic is provided by Aerodrome Control Tower.

d) Annexure 10, Volume 2 relates to Aeronautical Telecommunications

Communication Procedures.

e) Approach Control Service is provided by Approach Control Office.

f) Guwahati FIR is from GL to FL 265.

Chart No 2

6E – 339

Time allowed: 25 minutes Total marks: 100

Aircraft Identification: 6E – 339 Flight Rules: I Type of Flight: G
Type of Aircraft: Airbus Wake Turbulence CAT: H Equipment: S
Departure Aerodrome: VEPT Time: 05:30 Level: F 260
Route: W44 BBN R460 F280 Alternate Aerodrome: VIBN
Destination Aerodrome: VILK
Other Information: Only VHF on board

1 a As you start rolling for departure, you see a Buffalo ahead.

1 b ATD 06:30. You are passing FL240 and estimate IBUSU 06:50. Obtain further clearance.

2 You reached IBUSU. Take action.

3 70 NM from VILK at FL200, you decide to descent by 4000 feet.

4 On finals you experience Wet Micro Burst.

5 Transmit the following sentences using True and False:

a)
ADF uses a loop aerial to determine the direction and a sense aerial to resolve
b) 180 degrees ambiguity.
c)
d) Frequency band used for NDB in India is 200 to 400 KHz.
e)
In secondary radar, radio signal retransmitted from the position to be determined.

Middle Marker transmits 2 dashes per second tone which is audio modulated on 400 Hz.

DME is working on the principle of primary radar.

1 a Patna Tower, Ifly 339, abandoning take off due Buffalo Go to next Question.
ahead.
Varanasi Control, Ifly 339, position 40 NM to IBUSU,
1 b 0640, W44, passing FL240 for FL260, estimating IBUSU Go to next Question.
0650 BBN 0700, request Transit clearance.

Varanasi Control, Ifly 339, position IBUSU, 0650, W44, Go to next Question.
2 FL260, estimating BBN 0700 NAGINA 0710.
Lucknow Approach, Ifly 339, crossed NAGINA, 0712,
R460, FL200, request descend FL160.
3 Clear descend FL160.

Leaving FL200 for FL160. Go to next Question.

Lucknow Tower, Ifly 339, experiencing Wet Microburst Go to next Question.

4
at 0730, strong downdraft, heavy rain, thunderstorm and
lightening. Lost height 500 feet, visibility reduced to 50
metres on finals, Runway 10, altitude 1000 feet at 3
miles, landing is difficult, initiating Go Around and
Missed Approach Procedure.
5 a) True.

b) False, 190 to 450 Khz.

c) True.

d) False, Outer Marker.

e) False, Secondary Radar.

Chart No 8

6E – 458

Time allowed: 25 minutes Total marks: 100

Aircraft Identification: 6E – 458 Flight Rules: V Type of Flight: G
Type of Aircraft: Cessna Wake Turbulence CAT: L Equipment: V
Departure Aerodrome: VEAT Time: 04:35 Level: F 130
Route: W55 KKU F120 W53
Destination Aerodrome: VEGT Alternate Aerodrome: VEKU
Other Information: Only VHF on board

1 a During taxiing as you approach an intersection that you brake hard on sudden sighting of
a Buffalo reached the intersection. Give full details to ATC and your apprehension.

1 b Time is 10:00:30 IST. One VT – MOV calls you.

2 ATD 04:50. You estimate KKU 05:30. Take action.

3 Over Barapani, ATC calls you. Answer the call and take action.

4 You are 10 NM to VEKU at FL50. ATC makes an offer for your approach. Reject it and
give your intentions.

5 Transmit the following sentences using True and False:

a)
b) QDR means Magnetic bearing of the aircraft from the station.
VOR transmits two signals at the same time, one signal in all directions, while the other
c)
d) is rotated about the station.
e)
Frequency range 8 to 12 GHz is known as ‘S’ band.
The height of ionosphere apparently decreases during night.
ACAS III uses mode ‘S’ to give horizontal advisories also.
1 a Agartala Tower, Ifly 458, on taxiway A, approaching Go to next Question.
intersection A and B, applied hard brakes on sudden
sighting of a Buffalo at intersection. It could have been a
major accident.
VT – MOV, Ifly 458, go ahead.
1b Ifly 458, request Time check.

Time now 0430 and half, Ifly 458. Go to next Question.

2 Silchar Tower, Ifly 458, position 50 DME to KKU, 0520, Ifly 458, report your Radial.
W55, FL130, estimating Silchar CTR boundary 0530
KKU 0535, request Transit clearance.

Radial 229 KKU, Ifly 458. Ifly 458, enter Silchar CTR on
Radial 210.
Go to next Question.
Will enter Silchar CTR on Radial 210, changing back to
Guwahati Control, Ifly 458.
Guwahati Control, Ifly 458, go ahead.
3 Ifly 458, Guwahati Aerodrome
is closed.

Will divert to alternate aerodrome Silchar via W53 FL110 Clear divert to Silchar.
to KKU 0600, Total EET 0300 END 0400, request
clearance, Ifly 458.

Clear divert to Silchar, Ifly 458. Go to next Question.

4 Silchar Tower, Ifly 458, go ahead. Ifly 458, we can take you for
visual approach.
Localizer not available.
Will not carry visual, request ILS approach, Ifly 458.

Request VOR approach, Ifly 458. Clear for VOR approach

Runway 07.
Go to next Question.
Clear for VOR approach Runway 07, Ifly 458.
5 a) True.

b) True.

c) False, ‘X’ band.

d) False, Increases.

e) True.
Chart No 1

6E – 666

Time allowed: 25 minutes Total marks: 100

Aircraft Identification: 6E – 666 Flight Rules: I Type of Flight: G
Type of Aircraft: Airbus Wake Turbulence CAT: H Equipment: S
Departure Aerodrome: VILK Time: 02:30 Level: F 260
Route: W40 KKJ W66 F270 JJB W99 F320 NNP G450
Destination Aerodrome: VABB Alternate Aerodrome: VANP
Other Information: Aircraft ILS Category – II, Only VHF on board

1 a Time is 08:05:30 IST, One VT – WGT calls you.

1 b You are taxiing out that ATC calls you. Answer the call and take action.

2 a ATD 02:50. Passing FL70 for filed level at 25 DME distance, VILK changes you to
next ATC.

2 b You reach VAKJ.

3 At FL270, 30 NM to JJB, SKC, you sight an Indian Air Force fighter, at your level, about
10 NM on left. It overtakes you and then makes a sharp left turn towards VEGY.
Make radio report.

4 You crossed OPAKA at FL80, that ATC calls you. Answer the call and take action.

5 Transmit the following sentences using correct value or word from Bold Options:

a) Class ‘A’ bearing is accurate with in (±1° / ±2° / ±3°) and position is accurate
within 5 NM.
b) (Low / Medium / High) Wake Turbulence is MCTOW of an aircraft between
7000 to 136000 Kg.
c) The word (Medium / Heavy / Super) is to be included after the call sign on
initial contact for Airbus A380.
d) In case of Hijack or grave violence, switch transponder mode to code
(7500 / 7600 / 7700).
e) During night ‘D’ layer disappear and electron density
(Increases / Decreases / Unchanged) in ‘E’ layer.
1 a VT – WGT, Ifly 666, go ahead. Ifly 666, VT – WGT, request
Time check.
Go to next Question.
Time is 0235 and half, Ifly 666. Ifly 666, Heavy Weather
approaching towards
1 b Lucknow Tower, Ifly 666, go ahead. Lucknow.

Cancelling departure, request taxi back to apron, will wait Go to next Question.
for situation normal, Ifly 666.
Nagpur Control, Ifly 666, position 25 DME from LKN,
2a Ifly 666, climb FL140, expect
passing FL70 for FL260, estimating KA 0310 IGONA
0320 further climb at KKJ.

Will climb FL140, will expect further climb at KKJ, Ifly Go to next Question.
666.
Khajuraho Tower, Ifly 666, position overhead KKJ, 0330, Ifly 666, clear climb FL270.
2b
FL140, estimating JJB 0340 SABAP 0350.

Leaving FL140 for FL270, Ifly 666.

3 Go to next Question. Varanasi Control, Ifly 666, Airbus, Visual Meteorological

Go to next Question.
Conditions, AIRPROX, Risk of Collision, time of
incident 0335, sighted an Indian Air Force fighter, at our
level about 10 NM on left. It overtook us and then made
sharp left turn towards Gaya. Position 30 DME to JJB,
0340, W66, FL270, TAS 350 knots. Ifly 666, landing visibility
4 Mumbai Approach, Ifly 666, go ahead. poor, Low Visibility Procedure
has been enforced at BBB.

Will continue to land as aircraft is ILS Category – II Go to next Question.

compliance, Ifly 666.
5 a) ±2°

b) Medium

c) Super

d) 7500

e) Decreases
Chart No 8

9W – 273

Time allowed: 25 minutes Total marks: 100

Aircraft Identification: 9W – 273 Flight Rules: I Type of Flight: G
Type of Aircraft: Airbus Wake Turbulence CAT: H Equipment: S
Departure Aerodrome: CAAB (Dhaka) Time: 00:10 Level: F 320
Route: A462 CEA W41 Alternate Aerodrome: VECC
Destination Aerodrome: VEBS
Other Information: Only VHF on board

Note: Outside controlled airspace contact Victor Control.

1 You estimate BEMAK 00:30. Obtain necessary permission.

2 You estimate LEGOS 01:20. Take action as per mandatory requirement.

3 20 NM to KAKAD you start experiencing severe Turbulence, difficult to maintain level.

4 On finals you experience Wet Micro Burst.

5 Transmit the following sentences using True and False only:

a) Location indicator for Jaipur is VEJP.

b) ICAO code for Indigo airlines is 6E.

c) For above flight, SELCAL facility is not available.

d) QRM is interference due to equipment or man interference.

e) Area marked East of Songarh is Prohibited area.

1 Kolkata Control, Jet Airways 273, position 40 NM to Go to next Question.
BEMAK, 0020, A462, FL320, estimating BEMAK 0030
CEA 0040, Authority number YA 327, FIC number A386,
ADC number Z525, request entering Indian Airspace
clearance.
Kolkata Control, Jet Airways 273, position 50 NM to
2 LEGOS, 0110, W41, FL320, will cross P646 at LEGOS, Go to next Question.
estimating LEGOS 0120 KAKID 0130, request Crossing
clearance.
Victor Control, Jet Airways 273, position 20 NM to
KAKID, W41, FL320, unable RVSM due Turbulence,
3 Jet Airways 273, clear descend
request descend FL280.
FL280.

Leaving FL320 for FL280, Jet Airways 273.

4 Go to next Question. Bhubaneshwar Tower, Jet Airways 273, experiencing Wet

Go to next Question.
Microburst at 0150, strong downdraft, heavy rain,
thunderstorm and lightening. Lost height 500 feet,
visibility reduced to 50 metres on finals, Runway 09,
altitude 1000 feet at 3 miles, landing is difficult, initiating
Go Around and Missed Approach Procedure.
5 a) False, VIJP.

b) False, IGO.

c) True.

d) True.

e) False, Restricted.
Chart No 8

9W – K2480

Time allowed: 25 minutes Total marks: 100

Aircraft Identification: 9W – K2480 Flight Rules: I Type of Flight: G
Type of Aircraft: Airbus Wake Turbulence CAT: H Equipment: S
Departure Aerodrome: VEMN Time: 06:30 Level: F 340
Route: W51 GGT R472
Destination Aerodrome: VECC Alternate Aerodrome: VEGT
Other Information: Only VHF on board

1 a During taxiing you are approaching an intersection, another aircraft from right also
approaching the same intersection that Visibility goes low. Take action.

1 b You are on holding point Runway 15, ATC calls you. Answer the call and take action.

1 c You are ready for the flight again.

2 a ATD 08:50. Over Jorhat you start experiencing severe Turbulence. ATC channel occupied.

2 b Turbulence continues and you decide to descent further by 2000 feet.

3 30 NM from Guwahati at FL340, ATC calls you. Answer the call and continue your flight
to destination.

4 You are 10 NM to VECC at FL50. ATC makes an offer for your approach. Reject it and
give your intentions.
5 Transmit the following sentences using True and False:
a) In case of emergency, make the initial call on the frequency in use, but if that is not
possible Squawk 7600 and Call on 121.5.
b) If automatic altitude keeping device fails, pilot will use NEG RVSM.
c) Operating frequency band for VHF communication is 118 to 136 MHz and voice is
modulated using frequency modulation.
d) In radio wave propagation, the Direction and Velocity both changes while passing from
one medium to other.
e) Static disturbance, larger antenna size and high transmission power are the drawbacks of
lower frequency.
1 a Dibrugarh Tower, Jet Konnect 480, will stop on Go to next Question.
taxiway A, approaching intersection P1, will stop and
give way to aircraft on right.
Dibrugarh Tower, Jet Konnect 480, go ahead.
1b Jet Konnect 480, bad Weather
approaching Dibrugarh.
Go to next Question.
Cancelling departure, request taxi back to apron, Jet
Konnect 480.
Dibrugarh Tower, Jet Konnect 480, stand 5, security Jet Konnect 480, Startup
1c
checks carried out, POB 120, request Startup, weather approved.
obtained.

Startup approved, Jet Konnect 480. Go to next Question.

PAN PAN, PAN PAN, PAN PAN, Victor Control, Clear descend FL280.
2a
Jet Konnect 480, position JHT, 0910, W51, FL340,
unable RVSM due Turbulence, request descend FL280.

Leaving FL340 for FL280, Jet Konnect 480. Go to next Question.

2 b Victor Control, Jet Konnect 480, on FL280, still Go to next Question.

experiencing Turbulence, request further descend FL260.
Guwahati Control, Jet Konnect 480, go ahead.
3 Jet Konnect 480, Bangladesh
Airspace closed.
Go to next Question.
Position 30 DME from GGT, 0950, R472, FL340, will
alter course from present position, will reroute via direct
DUKUM on track 315 degrees, W45, KG, W69, KHR,
direct CEA on track 160 degrees, FL330, estimating
DUKUM 1000 OPIMO 1010, revised ETA CEA 1130,
Total EET 0300 END 0400, request clearance.
Kolkata Tower, Jet Konnect 480, go ahead.
4 Jet Konnect 480, we can take
you for visual approach.

Will not carry out visual approach, request ILS approach, Localizer not available.
Jet Konnect 480.
Request VOR approach, Jet Konnect 480.
Clear for VOR approach
Runway 09.
Go to next Question.
Clear for VOR approach Runway 09, Jet Konnect 480.
5 a) False, Squawk 7700.

b) False, Unable RVSM.

c) False, Amplitude Modulation.

d) True.

e) True.
QUESTION–5

Transmit and write the following aviation abbreviation in full english form:

A/C Aircraft
A/D Aerodrome
AAI Airport Authority of India
ABM Abeam
ACARS Aircraft Communication Addressing and Reporting System
ACAS Airborne Collision Avoidance System
ACC Area Control Centre
ADC Air Defence Clearance
ADF Automatic Direction Finder
ADIZ Air Defence Identification Zone
ADS Automatic Dependent Surveillance
AFSRA Aeronautical Fixed Service Routing Area
AFTN Aeronautical Fixed Telecommunication Network
AIC Aeronautical Information Circular
AIP Aeronautical Information Publication
AIRAC Aeronautical Information Regulation and Control
AIREP Air Report
AIRMET Airmen Meteorological Report
AIRPROX Air Proximity Report
ALERFA Alert Phase
ALS Approach Lighting System
AMHS Air Traffic Services Message Handling System
ATA Actual Time of Arrival
ATD Actual Time of Departure
ATIS Automatic Terminal Information Service
ATM Air Traffic Management
ATS Air Traffic Services
ATZ Aerodrome Traffic Zone
AWY Airway
 BCN Beacon
BFO Beat Frequency Oscillator
CANPA Constant Angle Non Precision Approach
CAT Clear Air Turbulence
CAVOK Cloud and Visibility Okay
CDFA Continuos Descend Final Approach
CFL Cruising Flight Level
CIDIN Common Int’l Civil Aviation Organisation Data Interchange Network
COM BRFG Communication Briefing
CPDLC Controller Pilot Data Link Communication
CTA Control Area
CTR Control Zone
CVR Cockpit Voice Recorder
CVOR Conventional Very High Frequency Omnidirectional Radio Ranging
CVSM Conventional Vertical Separation Minima
DA Decision Altitude
DATIS Datalink Automated Terminal Information Service
DDA Derived Decision Altitude
DGCA Directorate General Civil Aviation
DETRESFA Distress Phase
DME Distance Measuring Equipment
DOC Designated Operational Coverage
DR Dead Reckoning
DSB Double Side Band
DVOR Doppler Very High Frequency Omnidirectional Radio Ranging
EAT Estimated Approach Time
EET Estimated Elapsed Time
EFIS Electronic Flight Instrumentation System
EGPWS Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System
EGNOS European Geostationary Navigation Overlay System
ELBA Emergency Locator Beacon Aircraft
ELT Emergency Locator Transmittor
EOBT Estimated Off Block Time
EQPT Equipment
QUESTION–5

Transmit the following sentences using True and False only:

ADF uses a loop aerial to determine the direction and a sense True.
aerial to resolve 180 degrees ambiguity. False, 190 to 450 Khz.
Frequency band used for NDB in India is 200 to 400 KHz. True.
In secondary radar, radio signal retransmitted from the False, Outer Marker.
position to be determined.
Middle Marker transmits 2 dashes per second tone which is False, Secondary Radar.
audio modulated on 400 Hz. True.
DME is working on the principle of primary radar. True.
QDR means Magnetic bearing of the aircraft from the station.
VOR transmits two signals at the same time, one signal in all False, ‘X’ band.
directions, while the other is rotated about the station. False, Increases.
Frequency range 8 to 12 GHz is known as ‘S’ band. True.
The height of ionosphere apparently decreases during night. False, VIJP.
ACAS III uses mode ‘S’ to give horizontal advisories also. False, IGO.
Location indicator for Jaipur is VEJP. True.
ICAO code for Indigo airlines is 6E. True.
For above flight, SELCAL facility is not available. False, Restricted.
QRM is interference due to equipment or man interference. False, Squawk 7700.
Area marked East of Songarh is Prohibited area.
False, Unable RVSM.
In case of emergency, make the initial call on the frequency in
use, but if that is not possible Squawk 7600 and Call on 121.5. False, Amplitude
If automatic altitude keeping device fails, pilot will use Modulation.
NEG RVSM. True.
Operating frequency band for VHF communication is 118 to
136 MHz and voice is modulated using frequency modulation. True.
In radio wave propagation, the Direction and Velocity both
changes while passing from one medium to other.
Static disturbance, larger antenna size and high transmission
power are the drawbacks of lower frequency.
Examiner What is RTR (A)?

Student RTR (A) stands for Radio Telephony Restricted (Aeromobile).

Radio Telephony means long distance voice communication by the means of
radio waves, and Restricted to Aeromobile or Aeronautical.

Examiner Okay, What are the divisions of Aeronautical services?

Student There are 4 divisions of Aeronautical services which are:

1. ABS – Aeronautical Broadcasting Services
2. AFS – Aeronautical Fixed Services
3. AMS – Aeronautical Mobile Services
4. ANS – Aeronautical Navigation Services

Examiner Can you tell me the Examples of each?

Student Yes, the examples are:

1. ABS – Automated Terminal Information Services and Data Link Automated
Terminal Information Services
2. AFS – Air Traffic Control
3. AMS – Aircrafts
4. ANS – VOR, ILS and DME
I want to know more about AFS.
Examiner
AFS stands for the Aeronautical Fixed Services, which is a telecommunication
Student service between specified fixed points provided for the safety of air navigation and
for the regular, efficient and economical operation of air services. It is based on
AFTN, that is Aeronautical Fixed Telcommunication Network.
Okay, Continue with the AFTN.
Examiner AFTN is Aeronautical Fixed Telecommunication Network, which is the network
through which all the Air Traffic Controllers are connected to each other for the
Student
exchange of messages. It is done by text communication, and Hot Line for the
voice communication, which is easy connection with the required station.
So, Can the pilots communicate through AFTN?

Examiner No, AFTN is always ground to ground communication, that is only between the
AFTN stations which are the ATCs. All the worldwide AFTN stations are
Student connected to each other by AFTN Communication Centre.
Examiner Is there any document related to AFTN? Yes, AFTN messages are always in coded

Student form. To decode this, we will use

International Civil Aviation Organisation Document 8400, that is Procedure for
Air Navigation Services – Abbreviated Fixed Codes.

Examiner What messages are transferred in AFTN?

Student In priority wise,

Message category Priority Indicator
1. Distress Messages SS
2. Urgency Messages DD
3. Flight Safety Messages FF
4. Meteorological Messages GG
5. Flight Regularity Messages GG
6. Aeronautical Information Services Messages GG
7. Aeronautical Administrative Messages KK
8. Service Messages as appropriate
Where is this mentioned?
Examiner
The messages transferred in AFTN are mentioned in the Civil Aviation
Student Requirements, Section 9, Series D, Part 3.
How can I check this?
Examiner It’s on the Directorate General Civil Aviation website, by visiting the Regulations

Student and Guidance panel, we get all the 11 sections of Civil Aviation Requirements.
Is there any limitation of AFTN?

Examiner Yes, there are 2 main limitations:

1. Very slow to process the messages.
Student 2. Only specific limited characters are allowed.

So, any solution?

Examiner Yes, there is an advancement of AFTN, which is Common International Civil

Aviation Organisation Data Interchange, but it was not connecting to the AFTN
Student properly, then came the Air Traffic Services Message Handling System, which is
the upgraded form of the CIDIN, also faster than AFTN and no connectivity issues
with the AFTN.

What is used in India?

In India, AFTN and AMHS is used.

Examiner

Student
Examiner What is Annex? Annex are the Standard and Recommended Practices, where

Student Standards are the

technical specifications to achieve the highest degree of uniformity and
Recommended are the specifications that contain certain characteristics which
are
Examiner necessary for safety of flight but not mandatory like Standards.
Is it issued by the DGCA?
Student
No, it is issued by the International Civil Aviation Organisation, whose
headquarters is located in Montreal, Canada.
Examiner Then, How is it different from the Document, which is also issued by ICAO?

Student Annexes are the Standard and Recommended Practices, whereas Documents
contain Guidelines for the implementation of Annexes.
Which Annex and Document used for Communication?
Examiner
For Communication, Annex 10 – Aeronautical Telecommunications Service and
Student
Document 9432 – Manual of Radio Telephony is used.
So as a pilot, can we follow Annexes directly in India?
Examiner
No, Directorate General of Civil Aviation, which is the regulatory body of India,
Student is responsible to implement Standard and Recommended Practices. In
compliance
to Annex, Civil Aviation Requirements are made which are for end users in civil
aviation in India.
But, What is the reason behind that?
Examiner Because DGCA can make certain changes from ICAO Annexes thats why the
pilots as end users should not follow the Annexes directly.
Student
Where are these differences mentioned?

Examiner The changes or differences to ICAO Standard are mentioned in Aeronautical

Information Publication – General 1.7.
Student Brief me about AIP.

AIP stands for Aeronautical Information Publication, which contains general

Examiner information of lasting character essential to air navigation. It is issued by the
Airport Authority of India.
Student
Examiner How many parts of AIP? There are 3 parts of AIP:
Part 1 – General
Student Part 2 – Enroute
Part 3 – Aerodrome
What is issued related to changes to AIP?

AIP Supplement is issued for temporary changes to AIP, and AIP Amendment is
Examiner
issued regarding permanent changes to AIP.
Student Any NOTAM related to AIP Supplement?

Yes, Trigger NOTAM is issued to keep the reminder for any changes in AIP
Examiner Supplement.
What is AIRAC?
Student
AIRAC is Aeronautical Information Regulation and Control. It is a calendar of
predefined
Aeronautical dates which are agreed Internationally for any changes in
Examiner
Information Publication Supplement, Aeronautical Charts, Flight Management
Student Computer in Boeing and Flight Management System in Airbus.
What are the 3 important dates of AIRAC?

The 3 important dates of AIRAC are:

1. Publication date – The date on which changes will be published.
Examiner 2. Receiving date – The last date by which the changes must be received to all

Student

concerned authorities.
3. Effective date – The date on which changes will be implemented.

Examiner What is the duration?

Student The total duration of AIRAC cycle for minor changes are 42 days in which 14
days for postal delivery and 28 days for system updating. Whereas,
The total duration of AIRAC cycle for major changes are 56 days in which 28
days for postal delivery and 28 days for system updating, also called as the
double cycle.

Examiner Okay, for any changes, if NOTAM, AIP, AIRAC can’t be issued, then?

Student For any changes if NOTAM, AIP, AIRAC or PIB can’t be issued, then for that,
Directorate General of Civil Aviation issues the Aeronautical Information
Circular. It is also issued for any changes regarding the legislative and
administrative purpose.
VIVA–3

Examiner What is Antenna? Antenna is a metallic structure that is used to transmit or

Student receive radio

electromagnetic signals.
What is Aerial?
Examiner
Aerial is wire based that is used to transmit or receive radio electromagnetic
Student
signals.
So, are they similar or any difference between them?
Examiner
The difference is that Antenna is metallic structure and Aerial is wire based, The
Student similarity comes in the principle of both Antenna and Aerial.
What’s the main need to use Antenna?

Examiner The main need of using Antenna is to make the system wireless.

Student Tell me some properties of Antenna.

Examiner The properties of Antenna are:

1. Antenna Gain
Student 2. Directivity
3. Aperture
4. Effective Length
5. Polar Diagram
Explain any two of them.

First, the Antenna Gain, is the parameter that measures degree of directivity.
Examiner Second, Directivity, is the ratio of radiation intensity in a given direction to the
average radiation intensity. Both properties of Antenna, that is the Antenna Gain
Student and Directivity are directly proportional to each other, so more the Antenna Gain,
more will be the directivity and vice versa.

What are the specifications of Antenna?

The specifications of Antenna are:

Examiner 1. Size – monopole and dipole.
2. Shape – horizantal, vertical, and circular.
Student 3. Material – good conductor like copper and aluminium.
Examiner What are the types of Antenna?

Student There are many types of Antenna like:

1. Monopole Antenna
2. Dipole Antenna
3. Helical Antenna
4. Yagi Antenna
5. Parabolic Antenna
6. Loop Antenna

Examiner Which one is used in the aircraft, monopole or dipole?

Student Monopole antenna is used in the aircraft.

Examiner Why?

Student Because the gain is double in monopole as compared to dipole antenna. As the
height of monople antenna is half of dipole then the impedence, which is the
opposition in the flow of alternating current, becomes half and gain becomes
double.
Where is parabolic antenna used?
Examiner
Parabolic antenna is a bowl shaped antenna, focussed to send the signals in
Student particular direction, so it is used in the Airborne Weather Radar.
What about helical antenna?
Examiner
Helical antenna is used in the Walkie Talkie or Home Amateur radio, which uses
Student circular polarisation, that is electrical component lies in both the horizantal and
vertical plane, so it can give good gain for both horizantally and vertically
polarized radio waves.
Do you know the footprint of Antenna?

Examiner The footprint of antenna is the effective area of signal reception on the surface of
Earth from satellite, used in the Search and Rescue region.
Student What is the shape of VOR antenna in aircraft?

It is horizantal.
Examiner
Why horizantal?
Student
As the polarity of Limacon at ground VOR is in horizantal plane, and it will
Examiner transmit horizantally polarized waves, so for maximum gain, the VOR antenna in
aircraft is also horizantal.
Student
VIVA–4

Examiner What is SELCAL?

Student SELCAL is a selective calling radio system that can alert the pilots that a ground
radio station wishes to communicate with the aircraft. It is also known as Auto
Alarm.

Examiner For both HF and VHF communication?

Student No, in India, it is used only for High Frequency communication, whereas in
Europe, it is used for both High Frequency and Very High Frequency
communication. So, for VHF radio, continuos frequency monitoring is required.

Examiner Any advantage of SELCAL?

Student It reduces workload of pilots in terms of monitoring radio. Whenever the ATC
calls us, we will get Audio as chime sound, and Visual indication as blinking
lights, in the cockpit even if we are keeping radio on mute.
Examiner What if your SELCAL system fails, can you continue the flight?

Student Yes, we can continue the flight, but now we have to continuosly monitor the
frequency.
Who assigns the SELCAL code?
Examiner
It is assigned by an organisation named as Aviation Spectrum Resource
Student
Incorporated, based in United States of America. Its a paid service, which works
under the guidelines of International Civil Aviation Organisation to give SELCAL
codes to the aircraft operator or owner. It is placarded in the aircraft cockpit.
What are the guidelines for issuance of SELCAL codes?
Examiner
SELCAL codes must be four letter codes, consisting only A to S except I, O and
Student N. Two pairs will be formed, each pair going to be in ascending order of
alphabets. Out of the four letters, no repitition is allowed.

Tell me which are the valid SELCAL codes?

Examiner
1. G K L H 2. M P D K 3. D G M D 4. J K D I 5. C G J S

Student Only 2nd and 5th are valid and correct.

Examiner How ATC would get to know about your aircraft SELCAL code?

Student Through Filed Flight Plan, item number 18, that is other information, forwarded
to all enroute ATC.