FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF HERBAL HAND WASH

Project Work Report Submitted to

DR. BABASAHEB AMBEDKAR TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Lonere, Tal: Mangaon, Dist: Raigad. Maharashtra-402103
In partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of degree of

BACHELOR OF PHARMACY
[B. Pharmacy, Semester: VIII]
For
ACADEMIC YEAR 2023-24
Submitted by Group Members
Mr. Shaikh Sohel Mukhtar
PRN NO. 2125783823503
Mr. Khodse Shankar Anant
PRN NO. 2125783823504
Miss. Wagh Anuradha Madhav
PRN NO. 2125783823506

Under the guidance of

Prof. Vaishnavi R. Khandade

M. Pharm

Govind Prabhu Gramin & Shahari Vikas Sevabhavi Sanstha

GODAVARI INSTITUTE OF PHARMACY, KOLPA
Kolpa, Latur- Nanded Highway, Dist. Latur 413512
 CERTIFICATE BY
THE PRINCIPAL

This is to certify that the project work embodied in this report entitled

“FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF HERBAL HAND WASH” is

based on bonafied work carried out by the group members: Mr. Shaikh Sohel

Mukhtar (PRN NO.2125783823503), Mr. Khodse Shankar Anant (PRN NO.

2125783823504), Miss. Wagh Anuradha Madhav (PRN NO. 2125783823506)

at Godavari Institute of Pharmacy, Kolpa, Dist: Latur- 413512 under the

supervision of Dr. Rahul S. Solunke to our satisfaction.

This is forwarded to DR. BABASAHEB AMBEDKAR

TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY LONERE, DIST: RAIGAD in the

partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of degree of Bachelor

of Pharmacy in the Academic Year 2023-24.

Date:

Place: Kolpa, Latur DR. RAHUL S. SOLUNKE

[Link], Ph. D
Principal
GODAVARI INSTITUTE OF PHARMACY
Kolpa, Latur- Nanded Highway, Dist. Latur.
 CERTIFICATE BY
THE GUIDE

This is to certify that the project work embodied in this report entitled
“FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF HERBAL HAND WASH”
submitted to DR. BABASAHEB AMBEDKAR TECHNOLOGICAL
UNIVERSITY LONERE, DIST: RAIGAD was carried out by the group
members Mr. Shaikh Sohel Mukhtar (PRN NO. 2125783823503), Mr.
Khodse Shankar Anant (PRN NO. 2125783823504), Miss. Wagh Anuradha
Madhav (PRN NO. 2125783823506), at Godavari Institute of Pharmacy,
Kolpa , Dist: Latur-413512 under the supervision of Prof. Vaishnavi R.
Khandade for the partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of
degree of Bachelor of Pharmacy in the Academic Year 2023-24.

The extent and source of information / materials has been obtained by

candidate from other sources has been duly acknowledged in the Project
work report.

Date:

Place: Kolpa, Latur Prof. Vaishnavi R. Khandade

[Link]
GODAVARI INSTITUTE OF PHARMACY
Kolpa , Latur- Nanded Highway, Dist. Latur
 DECLARATION BY
THE CANDIDATE

We hereby declare that the Project work ( BP813PW ) entitled

“FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF HERBAL HAND WASH”

has been carried out by the following group members at Godavari

Institute of Pharmacy, Kolpa, Dist: Latur-413512 under the guidance and

supervision of Prof. Vaishnavi R. Khandade in partial fulfilment of the

requirement for the award of the degree in Bachelor of Pharmacy.

We further declare that we have not submitted this work previously for

the awarding of any degree and diploma for me.

Mr. Shaikh Sohel Mukhtar Mr. Khodse Shankar Anant

PRN NO. 2125783823503 PRN NO. 2125783823504

Miss. Wagh Anuradha Madhav

PRN NO. 2125783823506

Date:
Place: Kolpa, Latur.
 ACKNOWLEDGMENT

On the occasion of presenting this project, it is our privilege to express our sincere that to our
respected project guide Prof. Vaishnavi R. Khandade, Godavari Institute of Pharmacy,
Kolpa, Dist: Latur-413512 who has provided excellent guidance, valuable advice, shared
intelligent thought, encouragement and included discipline. We are highly indebted to her for
this valuable presence which helped us to complete this work successfully.

Words cannot express my feelings towards our beloved Principal Dr. Rahul S. Solunke
Godavari Institute of Pharmacy, Kolpa, Dist: Latur-413512. we render our greatful respect
and sincere thanks to him for his valuable help and providing us the necessary facilities to carry
out this project work with great ease and precision.

we express our heartfelt thanks to our all teachers Mrs. Amrata D. Suryawanshi, Mr. Sumedh
N. Sonkamble, Mr. Saurabh S. Tapade, Miss. Sweta S. Patil, Miss. Diksha M. Maske, Mr.
Wasim J. Bagwan, Miss. Kaufiya D. Sayyed, Miss. Ashwini B. Dengale, Miss Vaishnavi R.
Khandade, Mr. Parmeshwar S. Mane, Miss. Mayuri Ghuge for their valuable advice,
constant help and timely cooperation in completion of our projectwork.

we express our heartfelt thanks to all non-teaching staff for their indirect help, belief,
understanding and timely cooperation in completion of our project work.

we express our special thanks to our friends and all who gives time, energy, and dedication from
last four years.

FINAL YEAR B. PHARMACY GROUP MEMBERS

[SEMESTER VIII]
Mr. Shaikh Sohel Mukhtar Mr. Khodse Shankar Anant
PRN NO. 2125783823503 PRN NO. 2125783823504

Miss. Wagh Anuradha Madhav

PRN NO. 2125783823506

Date:
Place: Kolpa, Latur
 ABSTRACT:
The main aim to present work is to formulate and evaluate poly-herbal hand wash by
using aloe-vera, Sandal wood. In order to make formulation has less side effects and better
cleaning of hands. The hands are primary sites for the infection. Microbial infection is critical
Issue in children and employer in pharmaceutical industry. So the use of hand wash is more in
industrial site The formulated hand wash hence found to be good in physical parameter with good
cleaning of hands. Therefore, it brings up the use of antiseptic for hand washing purpose. The
prepared Handwash evaluated by the different parameter namely as colour, Odour, ph, viscosity
and stability. The numerous of antiseptic hand wash available in the market are alcohol based
sanitizers which have some adverse effects. To avoid these adverse effects like itching, drying,
irritation, dermatitis etc., of the synthetic Handwash formulations an attempt has been made to
formulate a Polyherbal hand wash using extracts of ginger rhizomes extracts. The anti-microbial
activity of prepared poly-herbal hand wash was tested against skin pathogens collected from
volunteers, and its efficiency was verified using Cup Plate Method. The results from Cup Plate
Method showed that hand wash prepared from alcoholic extract of ginger rhizomes and aqueous
extract of ginger rhizomes have effective activity due to combined activity of phytoconstituents
present in extracts. The results from the present work support the incorporation and utilization of
herbs in formulations to give a better effect. Herbal hand wash evaluated by tested parameters
like physical parameters like colour, fragrance and chemical parameters like pH, Viscosity, Foam
height, Foam retention, Anti-Microbial Activity, Skin irritation test etc. and obtained results were
in the acceptable limits with less or no side effects. Two formulations of Handwash were prepared
and the formulations were evaluated for physical properties like appearance, pH and viscosity.
The antimicrobial activity of prepared formulations of hand wash was checked against skin
pathogens Bacillus subtilus, Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli by
agar diffusion method. The aim of present work was to prepare formulations of poyherbal
handwash from the ethanolic extracts of ginger rhizomes.

KEYWORDS: Herbal hand wash, Formulation, Evaluation, Chamomile Extracts, Skin

pathogens, essential oil, tulsi.

GODAVARI INSTITUTE OF PHARMACY, KOLPA

INDEX

[Link] CONTENTS Page

1 INTRODUCTION 1–2

2 AIM AND OBJECTIVES 3

3 LIETRATURE SURVEY 4–5

4 MATERIAL USED IN HERBAL HAND WASH 6 – 19

5 EXPERIMENTAL METHOD 20

6 PROCEDURE OF HERBAL HAND WASH 21

7 EVALUTION OF HERBAL HAND WASH 22 – 26

8 EVALUATION PARAMETER TABLE 27

9 RESULT AND DISCUSSION 28

10 CONCLUSION 29

11 REFERENCE 30 - 32

12 ERRATA 33 - 34

33 APPENDIX 35

GODAVARI INSTITUTE OF PHARMACY, KOLPA

 List of Figure

[Link] Figure Name Page No

1 Tulsi 7

2 Aloe Vera 8

3 Nagar Motha 10

4 Mentha Powder 11

5 Sandal Wood 13

6 Guar Gum 14

7 Ritha Powder 15

8 Neem Powder 17

9 Acacia 19

10 Physicochemical Evaluations 22

11 Determination Of Ph 23

12 Foaming Capacity 24

GODAVARI INSTITUTE OF PHARMACY, KOLPA

INTRODUCTION

1. INTRODUCTION
 Herbal and Hygiene Hand Wash
The aim of Magic hand washing is to remove microorganisms from the hands, preventing their
potential transfer. It is known that organisms survive and multiply on human hands, creating the
opportunity to infect others or the host. 6 Hand washing reduces the number of transient organisms
on the skin surface. Although hands cannot be sterilized, most transient organisms can be removed
by 30 seconds of proper scrubbing with soap and water.

 Definition of Herbal and Hygiene Hand Wash

Magic Hand washing or hand hygiene is the act of dealing one's hands with or without the use of
water or another liquid, or with the use of soap for the purpose of removing soil, dirt, and/or
microorganisms. Skin being the most exposed part of our body requires protection from skin
pathogens. The hands of Health Care workers (HCWs) are the primary routes of transmission of
multidrug resistant pathogens and infection to the patients. Hence, it brings up the use of antiseptic
for Handwash purpose. Many of the chemical antiseptics are now available in market as alcohol
based sanitizers, chlorhexidine products etc. These soaps or solutions help to reduce health care
associated transmission of contagious diseases more effectively but they have some shortcomings
or adverse effects. Their frequent use can lead to skin irritation and also resistant among pathogens.
Organisms such as Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas spp., Klebsiella pneumonia & Proteus
vulgaris are some of the skin pathogens1. Hand washing is an important way to help fight the spread
of disease. Hand washing removes visible dirt from hands and reduce the number of harmful
microorganisms. Harmful bacteria and viruses such as, E. coli and Salmonella can be carried by
people, animals or equipment and transmitted to food3. Antimicrobial properties of certain Indian
medicinal plants were reported based on folklore information and only few reports are available on
inhibitory activity against certain pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Use of plants as source of medicine
has been inherited and is an important component of the health care system in India. In these systems
of Indian medicine, most practitioners formulate and dispense their own recipes; hence this requires
proper documentation and research. The herbal medicine is also known as botanical treatment or
phyto- medicine. herbal medicationrefers to the uses of any plant seeds, root, leaves, bark, flower
and aerial part for medicinal purpose. herbal medicine has been the treatment and care of numerous
disease. Skin being the most exposed part of our body requires protection from skin pathogen. To
defend the skin from harmful micro-organism to avoid spreading disease. Hand washing is

GODAVARI INSTITUTE OF PHARMACY, KOLPA PAGE – 1

INTRODUCTION

extremely significant precautions. Hand hygiene is the single most important simplest and least
expensive mean of preventing nosocomial infection. Hand washing is main purpose of cleaning
hands with removing soil, dirt, pathogenic microorganisms and avoid transmitting of transient
microorganisms. Hygiene is basically defined as the branch of science which is involved in
knowledge and practice related to promotion of health. the concept highlights the need of
maintaining.
Hygiene in prevention of disease. Spread of infection (bacterial or viral) can be prevented
hygiene [Link] herbal drug treatment gives healthy [Link] was general used to furnish first line
and common health provider. since ancient time in India herbal medicine have been the basis of
treatment and cure for various diseases. Herbal medicine having various therapeutic uses like
healing, wound, treating inflammation due to infection, skin lesion, leprosy, diarrhea, scabies
venereal disease like, snake bite and ulcer. Plant have provided good source of antimicrobial
activity and plant extract have potential as antimicrobial compound against several pathogenic
microorganisms which cause infections disease and resistance toward synthetic drug. Herbal
cosmetic has been using for beauty from the ancient [Link] is considered best for the skin and hair
care because of their lack of side effects. It is gaining the popular day by day in the world.

GODAVARI INSTITUTE OF PHARMACY, KOLPA PAGE – 2

LITERATURE SURVEY

3] LIETRATURE SURVEY
1) Rina maskare et al (2019)
formulation and evaluation of poly herbal hand wash. The objective of this
project was to prepare herbal hand Wash and to investigate whether the formulation
show an antimicrobial activity against the common organisms which cause
nosocomial infections
2) Handwashing and health outcomes

In Kenyan primary schools, improvements in WASH reduced reinfection of some soil

transmitted helminths in primary school children after deworming though the magnitude of
effect may be sex specific. A review of published evidence from schools worldwide showed
that incorporating a WASH educational component in interventions was very effective in
improving absenteeism. The benefits of handwashing appeared more pronounced in female
students who had the highest absences rates and socioeconomic status (SES) was an
important barrier to access of handwashing materials (Joshi and Amadi). Furthermore,
providing sanitizer to Kenyan primary schools with limited access to water improved hand
cleansing after using the toilet among students and reduced rhinorrhea but had no effect on
diarrhea or respiratory prevalence

3) Mounika et al(2017)

Formulation and evaluation of polyherbal hand wash gel containing essential oils. The
objective seen in this research project was to evaluate the antibacterial efficiency of various
herbal oils such as eucalyptus oil, cinnamon oil, geranium oil, pappermint oil, rosemary oil,
clove oil and orange oil.
4) Zeeshan Afsaret et al (2016)
formulation and evaluation of poly herbal Hand wash The objective seen in this
research project was to prepare.
5) Rudra prasd giri et al ] (2019)
antioxidant Activity of natural product neem is used in many hindu rituals Neem is
known for its antidiabetic anti-inflammatory anticancer effect.

GODAVARI INSTITUTE OF PHARMACY, KOLPA PAGE – 3

AIM AND OBJECTIVES
2. AIM AND OBJECTIVES

 Hand washing is a simple act that saves lives

 From many life-threatening diseases. Hand wash prevent germs from entering

 Into our body. It prevents us from diseases like diarrhea

 and influenza. It also prevents from communicable

 diseases and bacterial infections. It has reduced infant mortality rate by up to

 50% in developing countries. It is very helpful in preventing people from

 a weakened immune system from getting

 infected. It keeps the children stay out of diseases

 and concentrate on their studies. It saves a lot of money and resources onbeing spent over
health concerns.
 To clean contaminated hands.

 To remove dirt.

 minimize number of microorganism.

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AIM AND OBJECTIVES

 Following Are the Some Advantages of Using Natural Cosmetics:

1} safe to use:
Compared to the beauty products Natural cosmetic are safe to use. they are hypoallergenic,
and tested and proven by dermatologist to be safe to use anytime.
a) No side effects: -
The synthetic beauty product cab irritates skin and cause pimples they might block skin pores
and make skin dry or oily. The natural ingredients are used assure to no side effects.

2} Animal testing not required: -

Some cosmetic is initially tested on animal to ensures that they are safe and effective to use
for human. however, natural cosmetic need not be tested on animal. These natural formulations
are tested by experts in laboratories using are equipment with no animal involved
a) Natural products:
The name itself suggests that herbal cosmetic is natural and free from synthetic
chemicals, which otherwise may prove to be toxic to the skin. instead of traditional synthetic
products, different plant sex tract is used in these products. Eg. Aloe-vera gel and coconut oil.

b) Inexpensive:
Natural cosmetic is not that [Link] fact, some of these products are more affordable than
synthetic [Link] estimates of demonstrated about 80% of world population depends upon
natural products for their health care.

3} Compatible with skin type:

Natural products are suitable for all skin type, whether it be dark or fair. natural cosmetic like
foundation, eye shadow and lipstick can be safely used irrespective of the skin tone.

Bacteria on our hands can be minimized. It also helps to clear antiseptic and fungal problem
faced by the skin. It also helps to remove dirt and oil effectively from the skin.

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LIETRATURE SURVEY

Fig. no MATERIAL ACTION

1 TULSI Antibacterial & antiviral

2 ALOE VERA Smoothing, cooling properties

3 NAGAR MOTHA Anti-bacterial and

Anti-inflammatory
4 MENTHA POWDER Anti-oxidant

5 SANDAL WOOD Perfume Agent

6 GUAR GUM Thickening Agent

7 RITHA POWDER Foaming Agent

8 NEEM POWDER Anti-bacterial and

Anti-inflammatory
9 ACACIA Thickening Agent

4. MATERIAL USED IN HERBAL HAND WASH

GODAVARI INSTITUTE OF PHARMACY, KOLPA PAGE – 6

MATERIAL USED IN HERBAL HAND WASH
4.1 TULSI

Fig. 1 – Tulsi

Biological name:
Ocimum sanctum commonly known as holy basil or Tulsi. Tulsi consist of fresh and dried
leaves of ocimum sanctum belonging to family Lamiaceae. Tulsi is an aromatic perennial plant.
Tulsi known for its detoxifying purifying and antimicrobial properties. tulsi helps to protect your
hands by killing 99.99%of germs. Tulsi now, days cultivated commercially for its volatile [Link] is
much branched small herb 30 to 75cm in height. All parts of tulsi are used in medicine especially
fresh and dried leaves. leaves are along acute with entire sterol ate margins pubescent on both sides
and minutely gland dotted. The leaves are green in colour with aromatic flavors and slightly
compressed. Seeds are reddish black and sub globose. The leaf is dorsoventrally stomach are of
dicyclic type. Particularly abundant on lower surface.

Chemical constituents:
It contains approximately 70% Eugenia, carvacrol 3% and Eugene methyl ether (20). It also
contains caryophylline, seeds contain fixed oil with good drying properties. The plant also contains
alkaloids, glycosides, sapping, tennis an appreciable amount of vitamin c and traces of maleic and
Tartaric acids. the fresh leaves, it’s juice and volatile oil are used for various purposes.

Uses:
The leaves are used as stimulants, aromatic, spasmolytic, diaphoretic The juice is used as an
antiperiodic and act as constituents of several preparations for skin disease and also to cur [Link]
acts as a natural Immunity booster, it also acts as antifungal, antiviral age

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MATERIAL USED IN HERBAL HAND WASH

4.2 ALOE VERA

Fig. 2 – Aloe vera

Biological source:
Aloe Vera is a succulent plant Species that probably originated in northern Africa. The
species does not have any naturally occurring population, although closely related Aloe does not
occur in northern Africa. The Species is frequently cited as being used in herbal medicine since
the beginning of the first century. Extract from the Aloe vera widely used in cosmetic and
alternative medicine industries, being marketed as variously having regenerating, healing, or
smoothing properties.
Aloe is the dried juice collected by incision from the basis of the leaves of various Species
of aloe. Aloe Perry Baker, aloe Vera linn, or Aloe barbadensis belonging to family Liliaceae,
Aloe Perry Baker is found in Socotra and Zanzibar Islands and in their neighboring areas and so
the obtain from these Species is known as soothing and Zanzibar. Aloevera linn also known as
vulgaris or Aloe barbadensis. aloe is a perennial growing to 0.8by 1ml ate slow rate. The plant
prefers light (sandy)and medium soil. Can grow nutritionally poor soil. The plant prefers acid
basic and neutral soil. It cannot grow in shade it requires dry or moist soil and can tolerate
drought. They are xenophobic plant .it can be propagated by seeds. seeds are shown in the spring
in warm green house.

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MATERIAL USED IN HERBAL HAND WASH

Chemical constituents:
The most important constituents of aloe-vera are three isomers of Aloins, barbaloin and
iso-barbaloin which constitute so called crystalline along. present in drug at from 10-30% other
constituents are amorphous Aloins, resin, eroding and Aloe emodin.
Barbaloin is present in all the [Link] is slightly yellow colour, bitter water soluble
iso-barbaloinis a crystalline substance present in curacao Aloe and in trace amounts in cape Aloe
and in absent in Socotrine and Zanzibar Aloe. The chief constituents of Socotrine Aloe and
Zanzibar Aloe is Barbaloin.

Uses:

• Relive the burned skin caused by skin.

• Smooth and glowing skin can be achieved with the help of Aloe.

• It is an outstanding skin moisturizer.

• Helps in restoring skin natural [Link] provide oxygen to the cells which strengthen theskin
tissues and help to keep the skin healthy.

• It is beneficial for dry skin when the aim is get normal, Smooth and shiny skin with the oil
extract of the plant.

• Aloe vera extracts have antibacterial and antifungal activities, which may help in thetreatment
of minor skin infections.

• It is helpful in the curing blister, insect’s bites and any allergic reactions, eczema, burns,
inflammation, wounds, psoriasis.

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MATERIAL USED IN HERBAL HAND WASH

4.3 NAGAR MOTHA

Fig. 3 – Nagar Motha

Biological source:
Nagarmotha (Cyperus rotundus) commonly known as Nagarmotha is found throughout
India. It belongs to the family Cyperacea. The genus name Cyperus is derived from Cypeiros,
which was the ancient Greek name for the genus, rotundus is Latin word for round and refers
to the tuber.

Morphological features:
A systematic examination of the shape, size, surface, texture, taste and Odour of the
rhizomes of Cyperus rotundus Linn. was carried out. The external features of rhizome were
observed under dissecting microscope.

Chemical constituents:
The major compounds present in essential oil of Nagarmotha rhizomes were identified
as cyperene,longifolin, caryophylline oxide and longiverbenone.

Uses:
Nagarmotha powder is useful to manage various health issues like obesity, indigestion
and worm infestation. The Deepen (appetizer) and Pachan (digestive) properties of Nagarmotha
helps to reduce Ama (toxic remains in the body due to improper digestion) which is a prime
cause of obesity and other digestive disorder.

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MATERIAL USED IN HERBAL HAND WASH

4.4 MENTHA POWDER

Fig. 4 – Mentha powder

Biological source:
 It is also known as garden mint, common mint, mackerel mint and lamb mint.

 It belongs to the Lamiaceae family.

 The biological source of spearmint is its fresh or dried leaves.

Morphological features:
 The botanical name of spearmint is Mentha spicata

 It is a perennial herbaceous plant.

 It is upto 30-100 cm tall.

 The stems and foliage are variably hairless to hairy.

 Rhizomes are wide-spreading and fleshy underground.

 Leaves are 5-9 cm long and 1.5-3 cm broad.

 Leaves have a serrated margin.

 The shape of stem is square shaped.

 It produces flowers in slender spikes.

 The color of flowers are pink or white

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MATERIAL USED IN HERBAL HAND WASH

Chemical constituents:

 The chemical constituents of spearmint are essential oil which is present upto 1 to 3%.

 It also contains menthol, flavonoids.

 It contains caffeic acid derivatives including some amount of romarico acid.

 The most active ingredient of this mint is L- carvonewhich is responsible for it odor.

 It also contains limonene.

 It also has some amount of betaburboneno and cis and trans form of carvil acetate.

 Other chemical constituents of spearmint are caryophyllene and 1- 8 cineole.

Uses:
 It shows antispasmodic and carminative activity.

 It is used as antiseptic and anti-inflammatory.

 It also has antimicrobial effect.

 This plant has neuro depressive effects.

 It also has insecticide property.

 It is used as an ingredient in toothpastes, mouthwashes and cosmetics.

 it is used to get relieve from nausea and indigestion.

 It also helps to treat gas problem and headache.

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MATERIAL USED IN HERBAL HAND WASH

4.5 SANDAL WOOD

Fig. 5 – Sandal Wood

Biological source:
Sandalwood oil is obtained by distillation of sandalwood, Santalum album Linn.,
belonging to family Santalaceae.

Morphological features:
Transverse section of wood shows alternating lighter and darker zones. The xylem
consists of vessels and fibers. Vessels are large and usually occur single extending from one
medullary ray to the next. Fibers are densely packed with interspersed air space termed as
lacunae and constitute bulk of wood. Medullary rays are very fine, usually two cells wide and
closed together.

Chemical constituents:
The main odorous and medicinal constituent of Sandal-wood is santalol. This primary
sesquiterpenealcohol forms more than 90% of the oil and is present as a mixture of two isomers,
α-santalol and β-santalol, the former predominating. The other constituents reported are
hydrocarbons santene, nortricycloekasantalene, α-, and β- santalenes.

Uses:
Sandalwood oil is highly used in perfumery creations and finds an important place in
soaps, face creams, and toilet powders. A chemo-protective action on liver carcinogenesis in
mice has been demonstrated.

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MATERIAL USED IN HERBAL HAND WASH

4.6 GUAR GUM

Fig. 6 – Guar gum

Biological Source:
Guar gum is a seed gum produced from the powdered endosperm of the seeds of
Cyamopsistetragonolobus Linn belonging to family Leguminosae.

Morphological feature:
Garm Guard Endosperm (Gum) Morphology: Guar Bean Unrefined Guar Splits
Endosperm(Gum) Hull Guar Bean Morphology: Guar beans grow in pods which are one to
two inches long. Typically, there are 6 to 9 Beans per pod. Quar Protein Endosperm (Gum) 4
The seeds are di-cotyledons which indicates that there are two endosperm halves per seed.
The endosperm accounts for about one third of the bean weight and contains the majority of
the galactomannan. The remaining two thirds are hull and germ which are very high in protein
and fiber.

Chemical Constituents:
The water-soluble part of guar gum contains mainly of a high molecular weight
hydrocolloidal polysaccharide, that is, galactomannan, which is commonly known as guaran.
Guaran consists of linear chains of (1→4)—β—D— mannopyranosyl units with α—D—
galactopyranosyl units attached by (1→6) linkages. However, the ratio of D— galactose to
D—mannose is 1: 2. The gum also contains about 5–7% of proteins.

Uses:
Guar gum is used as a protective colloid, a binding and disintegrating agent, emulsifying
agent, bulk laxative, appetite depressant and in peptic ulcer therapy. Industrially, it is used in
paper manufacturing, printing, polishing, textiles and also in food and cosmetic industries.
Guar gum is extensively used as flocculent in ore-dressing and treatment of water.

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MATERIAL USED IN HERBAL HAND WASH

4.7 RITHA POWDER

Fig. 7 – Ritha powder

Biological Source:
Acacia concinnities climbing shrub belonging to Minmosaceae.

Morphological features:

It is a deciduous tree, growing to 25 m tall. Reetha leaves are long stalked odd pinnate.
The leaf spine is nearly 30-50 cm long and bears 5 to 10 pairs of leaflets. An individual leaflet
is about 7- 15 cm long and 2-5 cm wide. It has a tapering tip, and is lance-shaped. The size of
leaflets towards the tip of the rachis is smaller. Reetha flowers during summer. The flowers
are small and greenish white, polygamous and mostly bisexual in panicles at the end of
branches. These are nearly stalk less and numerous in number. The fruit appears in July-
August and ripens by November- December. These are solitary, round nuts 2-2.5 cm diameter,
fleshy, yellowish brown in color. The seed is enclosed in a black, smooth and hard globose
covering. The fruit is collected during wintermonths for seed and or sale in the market as soap
nut. The dried fruit of Ritha is most valuable partof the plant.
Chemical Constituents:
The major constituents present in Reetha are saponins, sugars and mucilage. The seed
kernels of Reetha are a rich source of proteins and show a balanced amino acid composition
as per the World Health Organization.
Uses:
The value of the tree mostly comes from its fruit, which can be used for many
pharmacologicaland cleansing purposes.

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MATERIAL USED IN HERBAL HAND WASH

Cleanser/insecticide:
The soapsuds contain the compound of saponin, which has natural cleansing properties,
and therefore the soapsuds can be used as a cleanser for hair, skin, and clothing. These
saponins are also useful as insecticides, for purposes such as removing head lice off the scalp

Surfactant:
Methods of extracting the maximum amount of oil from existing oil reserves has
become a scientific focus in a world that has become dependent on fossil fuels. Researchers
have found that the Ritha fruit can be used in an enhanced oil recovery technique. More
specifically, Chhetri, Watts, Rahman, and Islam (2009) found that extracts from the soapnut
can be used as an organic surfactant to increase the mobility of oil from the fields. In addition,
researchers have demonstratedthe potential for the soapnut to be used as a natural surfactant
for washing arsenic from soils that are rich in iron

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MATERIAL USED IN HERBAL HAND WASH
4.8 NEEM POWDER

Fig. 8 – Neem powder

Biological Source:
Neem consists of almost all the part of the plant which are used as drug of Azadirachta
indica. It is belonging to family Meliacea It is also known as margosa, Indian Lilac and
Azadirachta indica.

Morphology:
Neem is a medium-sized tree, reaching 15 to 30 m in height, with a large rounded crown
up to 10- 20 m in diameter. It is mainly evergreen but sometimes shed its leaves during the
dry season (Orwa et al., 2009; Puri, 1999). Neem has a deep taproot and is a mycorrhiza-
dependent species. Neem leaves are medium to large in size and elongated to oblong in
shape, averaging 20-40 centimetersin length. The vibrant green leaves are smooth and glossy
with sharp, serrated edges. Neem leaves grow on the branches of neem trees in groups of
two, and each branch produces around eight groupings.

Chemical constituents:
Various parts of the plant are used for various therapeutic and commercial purposes
due topresence of different type of chemical in different parts of this plant. Some of them
being: Leaf: quercetin, nimbosterol, nimbin

Flower: nimbosterol, kaempferol

Bark: nimbin, nimbidin, nimbosterol

Seeds: Azadirachta, Azadiradione, nimbin, vepinin

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MATERIAL USED IN HERBAL HAND WASH

Uses:
• Nourishes Skin

• Neem is a rich source of Vitamin E which help repair damaged skin cells.

• Treats Fungal Infections Neem has scientifically proven antifungal property which helps
treat fungal infections.
• Useful in Detoxification

• Neem can prove useful in detoxification both internally and externally. Consumption of
neem leaves or powder stimulates kidneys and liver increasing the metabolism and
eliminating the toxins out of the body. Externally, neem scrubs or paste can be used to
remove germs, bacteria, dirt, etc. from yourskin preventing rashes and skin diseases.
• Insect & Mosquito Repellent:

• You can burn a few neem leaves to ward off the insects. This is also effective against
different types of mosquitoes. From all the home remedies for malaria, neem is the best for
treating the early symptoms of malaria
• Exfoliates skin:

• Neem is an excellent exfoliant. It helps remove dead cells from the surface of the skin
which willhelp prevent the growth of blemishes.

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MATERIAL USED IN HERBAL HAND WASH

4.9 ACACIA

Fig. 9 – Acacia

BIOLOGICAL SOURCE:
Indian gum is the dried gummy exudation obtained from the steam and branches of
Acacia Arabic wild,belonging to the family Leguminosae.

Morphological features
Colour: Tears are usually white, pale-yellow and sometimes creamish-brown to red in
colour. The powder has off- white, pale-yellow or light-brown in appearance.
Odour: Odourless
Shape and Size: Bland and mucilaginous
Tears are mostly spheroidal or ovoid in shape and having a diameter of about 2.5-3.0 cm
Appearance: Tears are invariably opaque either due to the presence of cracks or fissures
produced on the outer surface during the process or ripening. The fracture is usually very
brittle in nature and the exposed surface appears to be glossy.

Uses:
It is used as demulcent, intravenously in hemolysis; suspending agent; emulsifying
agent for fixed oil; volatile oil; liquid paraffin and binding agent in the preparation lozenges.
Pastilles, compressed tablets. In combination with gelatin, it is used to form coacervates for
microencapsulation of drugs. as astringent and styptic.

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EXPERIMENTAL METHOD

5. EXPERIMENTAL METHOD

Material are used in this formulation:

 Tulsi powder (Antibacterial & antiviral)

 Ritha shikaki powder (Foaming Agent)
 Neem powder (Antibacterial & antiviral)
 Aloe vera powder (Smoothing, Cooling properties & Antiinflammatory)
 Sandal wood powder (Perfume Agent)
 Mentha Powder (Antioxidant)
 Nagarmutha powder (anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory
 Sodium lauryl sulphate powder (Foaming agent, emulsifying agent)
 Acacia (Thickening agent)

Equipment:
 Mortal pestle
 Measuring cylinder
 Crucible Dish
 Tap density Apparatus
 Glass Beaker
 PH Meter
 Conical flask

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PROCEDURE OF HERBAL HAND WASH

6. PROCEDURE OF HERBAL HAND WASH

15gm Magic Powder Dissolved in 220ml of Water.

Material F1 F2 F3
Sodium Lauryl sulphate 3gm 5gm 8gm

Neem Powder 1.5gm 2gm 1gm

Aloe Vera Powder 2gm 1.5gm 2gm

Ritha Shikakai 3gm 2gm 1gm

Nagar Motha Powder 1gm 0.5gm 0.5gm

Sandal Wood Powder 2gm 1gm 1gm

Tulsi Powder 0.5gm 2.5gm 1gm

Acacia 2gm 1.5gm 1gm

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EVALUTION OF HERBAL HAND WASH

7. EVALUTION TEST:
Evaluation of Magic hand wash powder Organoleptic evaluation/visual
appearance:
Organoleptic evaluation for parameters like colour, Odour, taste and texture was carried out.
Colour and texture was evaluated by vision and touch sensation respectively. For taste and
Odour evaluation a team of five taste and Odour sensitive persons were selected
General powder characteristics:
General powder characteristics includes evaluation of those parameters which are going to
affect the external properties (like flow properties, appearance, packaging criteria etc.) of the
preparation, Characteristics evaluated under this section are particle size, angle of repose,
bulk density and tapped density. All the three shampoo powders were taken at three different
level i.e. From top, middle and lower level for the evaluation.
Particle size is a parameter, which could affect various properties like spreadability,
grittiness etc. Particle size was determined by sieving method by using I.P. Standard sieves
by mechanical shaking for 10 min.
Angle of repose:
affects the flow properties of a powder. It was determined by fix glass funnel method, a
distance of 2 cm is maintained between the graph paper and the bottom of a powder. Flowing
was continued till the top of the heap touches the bottom tip of funnel.

Bulk density:
It is an important property for the packaging and uniformity in the bulk of product. Bulk
density depends on particle size, particle size distribution and cohesiveness of particle. For
measuring bulk density, a weighted amount of powder was introduced in 100ml graduated
cylinder. The cylinder is fixed on bulk density apparatus and bulk density was calculated. It
is expressed in grams per cubic contester (g/cm3)

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EVALUTION OF HERBAL HAND WASH
Tapped density:

The tapped density is an increased bulk density attained after mechanically tapping a
container containing the powder sample. After observing the initial powder volume or mass,
the measuring cylinder or vessel is mechanically tapped for 1 min and volume or mass
readings are taken until little further volume or mass change was observed. It was expressed
in grams per cubic centimeter(g/cm3).

• Physicochemical evaluations Extractive values

Determination of Alcohol Soluble Extractive:

5 g of each air dried herbal powder was weighed and macerated with 100 ml of Alcohol of
the specified strength in a closed flask for twenty-four hours, shake frequently during six
hours and allowed to stand for eighteen hours. Filtered, by taking precautions against
loss of solvent, 25 ml of the filtrate was evaporated to dryness in a tare flat bottomed
shallow dish, anddry at 1050C, to constant weight and weighed. The percentage of alcohol-
soluble extractive with reference to the air-dried drug was calculated. Determination of
Water Soluble ExtractiveProceeded as directed for the determination of Alcohol-soluble
extractive, using chloroform water instead of ethanol. The percentage of water-soluble
extractive was calculatedfor each sample.

Ash Value Determination of Total Ash:

5 g of each air dried Herbal Hand wash powder was weighed and taken in a tare silica
crucible and incinerated in muffle furnace at the temperature not exceeding 4500C until free
from carbon, cooled. Percentage of total ash was calculated.

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EVALUTION OF HERBAL HAND WASH
Determination of Acid Insoluble Ash:
Total ash obtained was boiled for 5 minutes with 25 ml of dilute hydrochloric acid and
filtered theinsoluble matter in a Gooch crucible, or on an ash less filter paper, washed with
hot water and ignited to constant weight. The percentage of acid-insoluble ash was
calculated for each sample.

Moisture content determination:

10 g of each Herbal Handwash powder was weighed in a tare evaporating dish and kept in
hot air oven at 1050C. Repeated the drying until the constant weight loss was observed after
the intervalof 30 minutes. The moisture content was calculated for each sample.

Determination of pH:
The pH of 10% hand wash solution in distilled water was determined at room temperature
25°C. The pH was measured by using pH paper.

Foaming capacity:
Although foam generation has little to do with the cleansing ability of Herbal
Handwash, it is of paramount importance to the consumer and is therefore an important
criterion in evaluating Handwash. Cylinder shake method was used for determining foaming
ability. 50ml of the 1% Handwash solution was put into a 250 ml graduated cylinder and
covered the cylinder with hand and shaken for 10 times. The total volumes of the foam
contents after 1-minute shaking were recorded. The foam volume was calculated only.
Immediately after
shaking the volume of foam at 1 minute intervals for 4 minutes was recorded for all the three
Herbal Handwash.

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EVALUTION OF HERBAL HAND WASH

Dirt dispersion:
Two drops of 1% each Herbal Handwash powders were added in a large test tube contain
10 ml of distilled water. 1 drop of India ink was added; the test tube was stoppered and
shaken for 10 times. The amount of ink in the foam of was estimated as None, Light,
Moderate, or Heavy.

Detergency ability:
The Thompson method was used to evaluate the detergency ability of the samples. Briefly,
a crumple of hair was washed with a 5% sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) solution, then dried
and divided into 3g weight groups. The samples were suspended in an n-hexane solution
containing 10% artificial sebum and the mixture was shaken for 15 minutes at room
temperature. Then samples were removed, the solvent was evaporated at room temperature
and their sebum content determined. In the next step, each sample was divided into two
equal parts, one washed with 0.1 ml of the 10% test Herbal Handwash powder and the other
considered as the negative control. After drying, the resided sebum on samples was
extracted with 20 ml n-hexane and re-weighed. Finally, the percentage of detergency power
of all the three shampoo powder was calculated using the following equation:
DP= 100(1-T/C)
In which, DP is the percentage of detergency power, C is the weight of grease in the control
sample and T is the weight of sebum in the test sample.

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EVALUTION OF HERBAL HAND WASH

There Are Only a Few Simple Steps to Take to Give Your Hands a Thorough
Cleaning and Prevent the Spread of Illness. The Steps Are:
 Wet your hands with clean running water (warm or cold).
 Lather up your hands with soap. Rub your hands together for at least 20 seconds.
Silently
 Singing the birthday song twice is an easy-to-remember 20-second timer tool.
Don’t forgetto wash your wrists, the back of your hands, between your fingers and under
your fingernails.
 Rinse your hands well under running water.
 Turn off the 1with your elbow.
 Dry your hands with a clean towel or air dry them.
 If you used a towel to dry your hands, use the same towel to open the bathroom
door to leavethe room. Discard the towel in a wastebasket.

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EVALUATION PARAMETER TABLE

8. EVALUATION PARAMETER TABLE:

[Link]. Evaluation Parameter PHS 1 PHS 2 PHS 3

1 Organoleptic Color Brownish Brownish Brownish
evalution Odour Slight Slight Slight
Taste Characteristic Characteristic Characteristic
Texture Fine and smooth Fine and smooth Fine and smooth
2 General powder Particle Size 20- 25 um 20- 25 um 20- 25 um
characters Angle of repose 27±27.33 27±27.7 27±27.8
3 3
Bulk density 0.35 g/cm 0.31 g/cm 0.34 g/cm3
Tapped density 0.095 g/cm3 0.091 g/cm3 0.095 g/cm3

3 Physicochemica Extractive values

l evaluation Alcohol soluble 15.45 % w/w 17.60% w/w 16.54% w/w
Water soluble 12.15% w/w 12.78% w/w 13.08% w/w
Total Ash 4.23% w/w 4.17% w/w 4.57% w/w
Acid Insoluble Ash 1.08 % w/w 1.38% w/w 1.20% w/w
Moisture content 3.02% 3.61% 3.38%
pH 5.47± 0.24 5.79± 1.17 5.52± 1.02
Cleaning action 28.51± 0.03 33.14± 0.12 30.11± 1.07
4 Foaming capacity Mild foaming Good foaming Good foaming
5 Dirt Dispersion Moderate Light Moderate
6 Detergency ability 65.12± 0.02 69.69±1.16 62.81±1.02

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RESULT AND DISCUSSION
9. RESULT AND DISCUSSION
In the present study, natural active ingredient manifested superior inhibition against skin
pathogens than synthetic antimicrobials present in the commercially available antiseptic
hand wash. Therefore, these compounds were in corporate in hand wash bases in order to
prepare superior antiseptic hand wash with less or no side effects. Hence, a new way can be
found to combat antibiotic resistance of pathogenic organisms and provide safe and healthier
living through germfree hands, although the removal is not 100%, but a major number can
be reduced with natural economic and safe Magic hand wash.

GODAVARI INSTITUTE OF PHARMACY, KOLPA PAGE – 28

CONCLUSION
10. CONCLUSION
Magic hand wash is germs fighter hogwash is good option if you are looking multiple
purpose hand wash, magic hand wash is liquid medicament. Its magic to bottle with powder.
This preliminary in-vitro study demonstrated that “Magic herbal hand wash” was as
effective against pathogenic bacteria. It is an attempt made to establish the herbal gel based
hand wash containing Sacred basil extract. From the result we can say that the gel
formulation is good in appearance, stable and acceptable. Finally, it is concluded that this
herbal hand wash provides an effective and safe alternative to existing marketed hand wash

GODAVARI INSTITUTE OF PHARMACY, KOLPA PAGE – 29

REFERENCE
11. REFERENCE:
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ullahallAraf%2Fhandwashingpresentation68391671&psig=AOvVaw3hmjy3hCBbhUUxi
KwLdTg&ust=1653626933972000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAwQjRxqFw
oTCLjHm8Gu_PcCFQAAAA-AdAAAAABAz.
2) Mashood AH, Satheesh B, Natarajan, Gousuddin M. Formulation, Evaluation and
Antibacterial Efficiency of Herbal Hand Wash Gel. Int J Pharm Sci Rev Res. 25(2); 2014:
120-124.
3) Mithal BM, Saha RN. A handbook of cosmetics. Vallabh Prakashan,

4) Kirtikar KR, Basu BD. Indian Medicinal Plants. (2nd ed.), Vol. IV. Dehradun:
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239 ,288-289,305-306 respective.
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239 ,288-289,305-306 respective.

7)"Mentha L." Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Archived from
theoriginal on 2018-03-06. Retrieved 2019-07-15.

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Hymowitz T. 1979. Guar: agronomy, production, industrial use and nutrition. Purdue
University Press, West Lafayette.

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Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo [Internet]. 2012 Sep [cited 2022 Mar
17];54(5):273–80. Available from

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land: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 437, (2000). Evans W.C., Treas., Evans.,
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12) Martin Alfred., Physical Pharmacy,4th Ed London: Lea &febigen Philadelphia., 431-
432, (1993).

GODAVARI INSTITUTE OF PHARMACY, KOLPA PAGE – 30

ERRATA

13) More H. N, Hazard A.A., Practical Physical Pharamcy,1st ed.,114-119, (2007).

14) Lachman L., Lieberman H.A., Kanig J.L., The Theory and Practice of Industrial
Pharmacy, 3rd Bombay: Varghese \Publishing House., 67, (1991).

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(2008).

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comparative studies with herbal marketed shampoo, International Journal of Pharma and
Biosciences ,3(3), 638 - 645, (2012)

17) Klein K., Evaluation of Shampoo foam, Cosmetics and Toiletries Magazine,

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constituents-uses-and-mcq-for-gpat [Link]
ayurveda/herbal-medicinal-plants/benefits-and- uses-of-neem

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Publishedby, The Indian Subrahmanyam CVS, Text Book of Physical Pharamcy., Vallabh
Prakashan, 2nd Ed 224, (2000)

GODAVARI INSTITUTE OF PHARMACY, KOLPA PAGE – 33

ERRATA

ERRATA

GODAVARI INSTITUTE OF PHARMACY, KOLPA PAGE – 33

ERRATA

GODAVARI INSTITUTE OF PHARMACY, KOLPA PAGE – 34

APPENDIX

APPENDIX

CD-ROM Of Dissertation

Title: - Formulation And Evaluation Of Herbal Ginger Lozenges

Name Of Candidate: Mr. Shaikh Sohel Mukhtar

Mr. Khodse Shankar Anant

Miss. Wagh Anuradha Madhav

Research Guide: Prof. Vaishnavi R. Khandade

Institute: Godavari Institute Of Pharmacy, Kolpa, Latur

Academic Year: 2023-2024

Date:

GODAVARI INSTITUTE OF PHARMACY, KOLPA PAGE – 35