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Differential Calculus Problem Set

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101 views2 pages

Differential Calculus Problem Set

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© All Rights Reserved
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Available Formats
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DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS PROBLEM SET

1. Given the functions:


𝑓(𝑥) = 2 + 𝑥
𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 2
ℎ(𝑥) = √4 − 𝑥
1
𝑗(𝑥) =
𝑥+1

a. Determine the domain and range of 𝑓(𝑥).


b. Determine the domain and range of g(𝑥).
c. Determine the domain and range of ℎ(𝑥).
d. Determine the domain 𝑗(𝑥).
e. Find (𝑔 ∘ 𝑓)(𝑥) and determine its domain.
f. Find (𝑗 ∘ ℎ)(𝑥) and determine its domain.
g. Find (𝑗 + ℎ)(𝑥) and determine its domain.

2. Given the function:


𝑥 2 + 1, 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 < −2
𝑓(𝑥) = {√4 − 𝑥 2 , 𝑖𝑓 − 2 ≤ 𝑥 < 2
2 − 𝑥, 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 ≥ 2

a. Determine 𝑓(−2).
b. Determine 𝑓(0).
c. Determine 𝑓(2).
d. Find lim − ℎ(𝑥).
𝑥→−2
e. Find lim ℎ(𝑥).
𝑥→−2
f. Find lim ℎ(𝑥).
𝑥→2
g. Is the function continuous at 𝑥 = −2? If not, determine the type of discontinuity.
h. Is the function continuous at 𝑥 = 2? If not, determine the type of discontinuity.

3. Evaluate the following limits:


𝑥 3 +8
a. lim
𝑥→−2 𝑥+2
1 1
b. lim − 𝑠2 −1
𝑠→1+ 𝑠−1
1 1
+
4+3𝑦 𝑦
c. lim
𝑦→−1 𝑦+1
3𝑥 4 +7𝑥 3 −3𝑥−16
d. lim 𝑥 3 +4𝑥4 +7−2𝑥
𝑥→−∞
4𝑥+22
e. lim
𝑥→−∞ √5𝑥 2 −7𝑥+9
sin(𝑥+Δ𝑥)−sin(𝑥)
f. lim Δ𝑥
Δ𝑥→0

4. Find the equation of the tangent and normal line to 𝑓(𝑥) = 3𝑥 2 ln (𝑥) at 𝑥 = 1.

5. Differentiate the ff:


a. 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 ln (𝑥 3 )
3 𝑥 cos 𝑥
b. 𝑓(𝑥) = √ 𝑒𝑥

c. 𝐴(𝑡) = 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑡) − √1 − sin 𝑡


d. ℎ(𝑣) = √5𝑣 + 𝑙𝑛(𝑣 4 )𝑒 6+9𝑣
e. 𝑓(𝑥) = √𝑥 2 + √1 + 4𝑥

6. Find the 𝑓 ′′′ (𝑥) of the ff:


a. 𝑓(𝑥) = log(3 − 2𝑥)
b. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑒 1−4𝑥 + 2𝑥
c. 𝑓(𝑥) = cos 𝑥 − ln (3𝑥 2 )

7. Find 𝑦′:
a. 𝑦𝑥 3 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥)𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝑦) = 7𝑥
b. 𝑡𝑎𝑛(3𝑥 + 7𝑦) = 6 − 4𝑥 −1
c. 𝑦 2 (4 − 𝑥 2 ) = 𝑦 7 + 9𝑥

𝑑𝑦
8. Find 𝑑𝑥 using logarithmic differentiation.
2
a. 𝑦 = (sin 𝑥)𝑥
b. 𝑦 = (2𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 1)𝑥
3
√𝑥 2 −1√(𝑥+4)5
c. 𝑦 = (2𝑥−3)2

9. Determine the following limits:

a.

b.
1
sin( )
c. lim 1
𝑥
𝑥→∞ 𝑥

10. Find the 𝑑𝑦:


2𝑥
a. 𝑦 = 𝑥−2
b. 𝑦 = ln (𝑥 2 + 1)
c. 𝑦 = sin(3𝑥) − cos (1 − 𝑥)

11. Differentials:
a. A metal rod 15 cm long and 8 cm in diameter is to be insulated, except for the ends, with a material
0.001 cm thick. Use differentials to estimate the volume of the insulation.
1
b. A ball 4 inches in radius is to be covered by a rubber material which is 32 𝑖𝑛 thick. Use differentials to
estimate the volume of the rubber material that will be used.
c. Find the change in the volume of a cube of with edges of 10 centimeters, when each edge increases by
0.01 cm in length.

Common questions

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Differentiate term by term: d/dt [A(t)] = -sin(t) + (1/2)(1 - sin(t))^(-1/2) * (-cos(t)) = -sin(t) - (cos(t)/(2√(1 - sin(t)))).

To check the existence of lim x→2 h(x), evaluate from left and right. Neither side is given in piecewise, implying straight f(2)=0 from √(4-x²). Hence, as h is continuous there, lim x→2 h(x) = 0.

Divide each term by x⁴, the highest power in the denominator. The expression becomes (3 + (7/x) - (3/x³) - (16/x⁴)) / ((1/x) + 4 + (7/x⁴) - (2/x³)). As x approaches -∞, terms involving 1/xⁿ where n ≥ 1 tend towards zero. Thus, the limit becomes 3/4.

Calculate the derivatives successively: The first derivative is f'(x) = -4e^(1 - 4x) + 2. The second derivative is f''(x) = 16e^(1-4x). The third derivative is f'''(x) = -64e^(1 - 4x).

The domain of f(x) = 2 + x is all real numbers because there is no restriction on variable x. Its range is also all real numbers as the function can output any real number. For g(x) = x², the domain is also all real numbers because x can take any value, but the range is only non-negative real numbers [0, ∞) since square of any real number cannot be negative. For h(x) = √(4 - x), the domain consists of x ≤ 4, as the expression under the square root sign must be non-negative. The range is [0, 2), as 0 is the minimum value when x = 4 and 2 is the maximum value when x = 0.

Calculate the initial volume V using V = πr²h with r = 4 cm and h = 15 cm. The change in radius due to insulation is dr = 0.001 cm. Estimate the change in volume using dV = 2πrh dr, which gives dV ≈ 2π(4)(15)(0.001) = 0.12π cm³, approximately 0.377 cm³.

Take the natural log of both sides: ln(y) = x²ln(sin x). Differentiate implicitly: (1/y)(dy/dx) = 2xln(sin x) + (x²/sin x)cos x. Therefore, dy/dx = y[2xln(sin x) + x²cot x] = (sin x)^(x²)[2xln(sin x) + x²cot x].

The function f(x) is not continuous at x = -2. At x = -2, the left-hand limit lim x→-2⁻ f(x) = x² + 1 = 5, while the right-hand limit lim x→-2⁺ f(x) = √(4 - x²) = √0 = 0. The value of the function at x = -2, f(-2) = 5, does not match the right-hand limit at this point. This mismatch indicates a jump discontinuity at x = -2.

First, find the derivative f'(x) = 3x²/x + 6xln(x) = 3x + 6xln(x) = 3x(1 + 2ln(x)). At x = 1, f'(1) = 3(1 + 2ln(1)) = 3. The point on the curve when x = 1 is (1, f(1)) = (1, 0). The equation of the tangent line is y - 0 = 3(x - 1) or y = 3x - 3.

The composite function (g∘f)(x) is g(f(x)) = g(2 + x) = (2 + x)². To determine its domain, consider the domains of both functions involved. Since f(x) has a domain of all real numbers and g(x) also accepts all real numbers as inputs, the domain of the composite function is all real numbers, (-∞, ∞).

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