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Understanding Code Bravo Protocols

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
42 views8 pages

Understanding Code Bravo Protocols

Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

TSA

TRANSPORTATION SECURITY AWARENESS

CHICAGO CONVENTION 1944

Established International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO).


All airlines should have an approved security program.
Safeguards International Civil Aviation Against Acts of Unlawful
Interference.

TOKYO CONVENTION 1963

Powers of the Commander: restrain, disembark, seek assistance,


deliver into custody.
Provision for the prosecution and offloading of disruptive and unruly
passengers.

REPUBLIC ACT 9497

An act creating the Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines.


Provides penalties for offenses of persons while on board an aircraft.

PRESIDENTIAL DECREE 1727

Bomb Threat / Bomb Joke Law


declares as unlawful the malicious dissemination of false information or
the willful making of any threat concerning bombs, explosives or any
similar device or means of destruction and imposing penalties therefor.

AIRCREW SECURITY AWARENESS


:
AIRPORT THREATS

report any unattended luggage.


Do not expose home addresses on bag labels.
Be aware of terrorist attacks.

SECURITY AT HOTELS

ensure room is empty before entering the room.


Be discrete with room number.
Do not enter elevator if worried about the person entering with you.

FLIGHT DECK SECURITY MEASURES

Door should be closed and locked before commencement of


passenger embarkation until any external door opens for
disembarkation
Normal/Emergency procedures shall apply.
Two-man rule: main purpose is for the cabin crew to assist in opening
the cockpit door.

Persons allowed inside the Flight Deck

An operating crew
Representative of the Authority responsible for certification, licensing,
or inspection.
Permitted by and carried out in accordance with the Operations
Manual.

Access to the Flight Deck

As requested by the flight deck crew


When providing meals
:
To convey a message, or get information.
To check on Flight Deck Crew, every 20 mins on long haul flights

Procedures for Opening Cockpit Door

Clear Zone is clear.


FWD Lavatories are unoccupied and locked.
Curtains are closed.
Call the flight crew and use the access code.
Flight crew shall make sure the area is clear before opening.

PASSENGER TYPES & BEHAVIORAL ANALYSIS

presence of abnormal, absence of normal.


Suspicious behavior can be manifested by STRESS: Hand action, body
reactions, behavior, and body movements.
Suspicious behavior at Airports: “casing the joints”, abnormally nervous,
questioning and rushing procedures, etc.
Suspicious behavior inflight: over protective of baggage, excessive time
in lavatory, unable to concentrate on anything.

TRIGGERS TO UNRULY PASSENGER BEHAVIOR

STRESS OF TRAVEL

Flight delays, fear of flying, baggage concerns.

AIRCREW AND GROUND PERSONNEL FACTORS

being treated like a child, rushed check-in process, perceived ill-


considered security measures.

PHYSICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL FACTORS


:
PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS

WHY DO PEOPLE BECOME VIOLENT

alcohol/drug abuse
Mental illness
Personality disorders

MAJOR TYPES OF UNLAWFUL INTERFERENCE

Unruly passenger
Hijacking
Bomb Threat

UNRULY PASSENGER

is any passenger who disrupts the good order in a flight.


Tools in handling unruly passengers: Cabin Safety and Security
Notification Card // Handling Disruptive and Unruly Passengers Quick
Reference // Flight Disturbance Complaint Report & Witness Statement
Form // Restraining Device.

Crew Response:

Cockpit crew must be isolated in the flight deck. It must remain locked.
Discreetly notify and constantly inform the flight crew with the current
situation.
Captain and SCC shall confer on their course of action according to
threat level.

HIJACKING

any attempt to commandeer an aircraft involved in civil aviation.


:
Report to flight deck with the code word METHODICAL.
Pilot communicates to ATC the code word TRIP followed by the aircraft
call sign.

M - Methodical is the password for hijacking.

E - Engage in a friendly conversation.

T - Type of weapon must be identified.

H - Hysteria must be avoided.

O - Obey the hijacker’s commands.

D - Deny entry to the flight deck.

I - Instruct passengers to fasten seatbelts.

C - Conversation must be done by the opposite sex

A - Avoid irritating the hijacker.

L - Look out for sleepers

STAGES OF HIJACKING

1. Intimidation

Hijackers establish control, instill fear and prevent counter-reaction.

2. Custodial

Turn hostages into symbols of the cause, syndromes may arise.

3. Resolution by Negotiation or Liberation


:
PIC must maintain command and control at all costs.
Constant communication must be maintained.
Solicit all help.
Defend the flight deck. Subdue assailants and eliminate threats.
Use restraints.

FOUR SYNDROMES

1. Stockholm - Hostage develops empathy with the hijacker.


2. Lima - Hijacker develops sympathy for hostages.
3. London - Hijacker resents the hostage.
4. John Wayne - Wishes to be a hero but is actually impotent to
respond.

BOMB THREAT

a communicated threat which suggests, whether true or false that the


safety of an aircraft may be in danger from an explosive/bomb or similar
item.
Communicated with the code BRAVO WHISKEY.
Received by: phone, person, or in writing.

HomeMade Explosives (HME) / Improvised Explosive Device (IED)

Components: Explosive charge, detonator, power source, control


mechanism.
Ammonium Nitrate and Sugar (ANS)

Improvised Incendiary Device (IID)

Example: Molotov

Procedures while ON GROUND:


:
1. Notify SCC/PIC. Captain will notify the Airline dispatch/ station
manager, ATC, airport authority, firefighters and Explosive
Ordnance Disposal (EOD).
2. Captain will brief SCC.
3. Captain makes an announcement.
4. Aircraft shall be moved to a remote location.
5. Passengers and crew disembark the aircraft with their carry-on
baggage.
6. Pax should be isolated at least 100 meters from aircraft.
7. Use a bomb search checklist.
8. Wait for clearance from security.

Procedures while INFLIGHT:

1. Search
2. Discovery
3. Flight Diversion
4. Cabin Altitude Adjustment
5. Landing as found
6. Relocating the device to the Least Risk Bomb Location (LRBL).

THREAT LEVELS

1. Threat Level 1 - Disruptive, Verbally Abusive Behavior


2. Threat Level 2 - Physically Abusive Behavior
3. Threat Level 3 - Life Threatening Behavior
4. Threat Level 4 - Attempted or Actual Breach of Flight Deck Door

OTHER THREATS

1. Chemical / Biological Weapon


:
Chemical: Has an immediate effect.
Biological:

2. Insider Threat
3. Laser Illumination
4. Human / Wildlife Trafficking
:

Common questions

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Chemical weapons have an immediate effect once released, requiring rapid identification and containment measures. Biological weapons may have delayed symptoms, requiring longer-term surveillance and potential quarantine procedures. The immediate threat posed by chemical weapons demands swift evacuation and decontamination, while biological threats necessitate health monitoring and medical response .

The method for handling hijacking includes reporting using the code word 'METHODICAL' for communication with the flight deck, which then uses 'TRIP' followed by the aircraft call sign to alert ATC. Key components include engaging with the hijacker, identifying the weapon type, denying entry to the flight deck, and using calm communication tactics to manage the situation and protect passengers .

Key factors contributing to unruly passenger behavior include the stress of travel such as flight delays, fear of flying, and baggage concerns. Psychological factors include alcohol and drug abuse, mental illness, and personality disorders. Feeling rushed during check-in or treated disrespectfully can also trigger disruptive behavior .

Triggers to unruly passenger behavior include stress of travel, such as delays and fear of flying, and perceived mistreatment or rushed experiences. To mitigate these, airlines can provide clear communication, manage expectations, offer timely updates on delays, and treat passengers with respect, thus reducing the likelihood of disruptive incidents .

Under the Tokyo Convention 1963, the commander has powers to restrain, disembark, seek assistance, and deliver disruptive and unruly passengers into custody. The convention provides for the prosecution and offloading of such passengers .

In the event of a bomb threat on the ground, the captain must notify the Airline dispatch, ATC, and airport authorities, then brief the SCC. Passengers must disembark with carry-on baggage and be isolated at least 100 meters from the aircraft. The aircraft should be moved to a remote location, and a bomb search checklist should be completed while waiting for security clearance .

The purpose of establishing penalties under Republic Act 9497 is to deter offenses on board aircraft by imposing consequences for unlawful acts. It targets behaviors such as violence, threats, and endangering the safety of the flight, ensuring a legal framework for maintaining order and safety in civil aviation .

To access the flight deck during flight for non-operational reasons, several security precautions must be followed including ensuring clear zone and FWD lavatories are unoccupied and locked, calling the flight crew, and using an access code. All procedures must comply with the Operations Manual, ensuring that only authorized personnel gain access .

The 'Two-man rule' is significant for flight security as it ensures that when the cockpit door is open, at least one additional crew member is present to prevent unauthorized access and assist in emergencies. This rule facilitates safe cockpit access by mandating constant presence and support, maintaining security while allowing necessary communication and checks .

Flight deck security measures ensure cockpit safety by requiring the cockpit door to be closed and locked from passenger embarkation until disembarkation. The two-man rule allows cabin crew to assist in opening the cockpit door when necessary. Access is permitted only for the operating crew or certified authorities, and there are procedures in place, such as calling the flight crew and using access codes, to ensure security before opening the cockpit door .

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