Unit 4: URBANISATION

TASK 1. Read the following leaflet and circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct option
that best fits each of the numbered blanks below.
Discover Bac Ninh Province
Bac Ninh Province, Viet Nam's remarkable destination, has (1) ___________ from farming a rural to a
modern area. Towns like Bac Ninh and Tu Son have (2) ___________ developed cities, attracting more and
(3) ___________ businesses and job seekers. With the improved facilities and a bustling atmosphere, Bac
Ninh offers a (4) ___________ and more modern lifestyle and new opportunities.

Visit Bac Ninh Province today!

Embrace the modernity and vibrant future it offers. Discover historical sites, enjoy local cuisine, and
witness the combination of old and new. Explore new job prospects in this more and (5) ___________
thriving economy. Bac Ninh Province awaits you!
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Plan your visit now.

1. A. transformin B. transforms C. transformed D. transform

g
2. A. becomes B. become C. became D. becoming
3. A. more B. fewer C. many D. a few
4. A. less B. much C. most D. more
5. A. much B. least C. more D. less
TASK 2. Read the following text and circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct option that
best fits each of the numbered blanks below.
Before the mid-19th century, Hong Kong was not a crowded area. (1) ___________ of small fishing villages
along its coastline. However, in the mid-19th century, British colonisation began, and the British (2)
___________ Hong Kong strategic location. Situated in Pearl River Delta, it served as an ideal stopping point
for ships (3) ___________ between Europe and Asia. This made Hong Kong an attractive destination for
merchants and traders from around the world.
After World War II, Hong Kong made significant investments in transportation infrastructure,
constructing new roads, bridges, and airports (4) ___________ its growing economy. These developments
helped transform Hong Kong into a modern metropolis.
Today, it is home to over seven million people and is renowned as one of the world's most important
financial and business centres. (5) ___________ a symbol of how a place can change and become prosperous.
The city's journey from fishing villages to a thriving metropolis showcases its resilience and ability to
evolve over time.
1. A. Its consisting B. It consisting C. It consisted D. Consisting
2. A. recognising as B. recognised C. being D. being
recognised recognising
3. A. being travelled B. travelling C. when travelled D. were travelling
4. A. that supporting B. being C. to support D. supported by
supported
5. A. It has become B. It was C. It has becoming D. Having become
becoming
TASK 3: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct arrangement of the sentences to make
a meaningful letter.
Dear Mike,
a) How are things going in England? I hope you're doing well.
b) Do you like these changes?
c) Take care and write back soon! Best wishes, Lan.
d) It’s quite a long time since I last went to England. I've heard that your small town has changed a
lot. Is it true?
e) I can't wait to hear all about them!
A. a–b–d–e–c
B. a–d–b–e–c
C. a–c–d–b–e
D. a–d–e–c–b
TASK 4: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct arrangement of the sentences to make
a paragraph about the advantages of urbanisation.
a) Secondly, urbanisation creates more job opportunities. The concentration of businesses and
industries in urban areas provides a wide range of employment options.
b) In addition, urbanisation often leads to improved living conditions. Cities offer access to education,
cultural events, and recreational activities.
c) As cities grow, they invest in infrastructure such as roads, public transportation, and healthcare
facilities.
d) Urbanisation brings several advantages to communities. Firstly, it leads to the development of
better facilities.
e) In summary, urbanisation brings better facilities, more job opportunities, and improved living
conditions.
A. c – a – b – e – d
B. d – c – b – a – e
C. d – c – a – b – e
D. d – c – e – a – b
TASK 5: Read the following text and circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to
each of the questions below.
Rapid urban growth in developing countries has its drawbacks. One significant drawback is the lack of
affordable housing. As urbanisation happens quickly, there is often a shortage of housing that is
affordable for the residents. The fast pace of urban growth also puts a strain on facilities such as roads,
water supply, and sanitation. Insufficient investment in these facilities can lead to overcrowding and
inadequate living conditions for many people.
Moreover, rapid urban growth can lead to social and economic challenges. As cities modernise, there is a
need for more job opportunities. But unemployment can increase when there aren't enough job
opportunities, leading to inequalities in access to education, healthcare, and basic amenities.
Moreover, expanding cities pressure natural resources and harm the environment. Deforestation and
land degradation occur as cities expand, destroying valuable habitats. Increased vehicle use and
industrial activities cause air and water pollution, affecting urban dwellers' health.
To tackle these issues, governments must prioritise sustainable urban planning. They should provide
affordable housing, improve infrastructure, and create job opportunities. Promoting sustainable practices
like preserving green spaces and using eco-friendly technologies can mitigate the environmental impact
of rapid urban growth.
1. The word strain in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to _____.
A. shortage B. pressure C. relaxation D. release
2. The word inadequate in the first paragraph is opposite in meaning to _____.
A. affordable B. sufficient C. modern D. cheap
3. The phrase lead to in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to _____.
A. cause B. result from C. become D. change
4. The word harm in the third paragraph is opposite in meaning to ______.
A. increase B. reduce C. destroy D. benefit
5. The word prioritise in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to ______.
A. mitigate B. reduce C. give D. enhance
effects influence preference to performance
6. What measures should governments prioritise to address the drawbacks of rapid
urban growth?
A. Increasing unemployment rates
B. Reducing access to basic amenities
C. Promoting sustainable urban planning
D. Expanding industrial activities
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