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10
Technology and
Livelihood Education
Agri-Fishery Arts
Animal Production- Raising Small Ruminants
Quarter 2 - Module 1
Constructing Comfortable Housing

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

Technology and Livelihood Education- Agri-Fishery Arts (Animal Production-
Raising Small Ruminants) Grade 10
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2 - Module 1: Constructing Comfortable Housing
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education – Division of Bukidnon

Development Team of the Module
Author/s: Eunice G. Ramay
Editors: Helen N. Ybañez, Estrellita D. Bahalla
Reviewer: Mary Jane R. Cardente, PhD
Illustrator and Layout Artist: Kristine G. Ramay, Eunice G. Ramay
Management Team
Chairperson: Arturo B. Bayocot, PhD, CESO III
Regional Director
Co-Chairpersons: Victor G. De Gracia Jr., PhD, CESO V
Assistant Regional Director

Randolph B. Tortola, PhD, CESO IV

Schools Division Superintendent

Shambaeh A. Usman, PhD

Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Mala Epra B. Magnaong, Chief ES, CLMD
Members Neil A. Improgo, EPS-LRMS
Bienvenido U. Tagolimot, Jr., EPS-ADM
Elbert R. Francisco, PhD, Chief ES-CID
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Rejynne Mary L. Ruiz, PhD, LRMS Manager
Jeny B. Timbal, PDO II
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Website: [Link]
 10
Technology and
Livelihood Education
Agri-Fishery Arts
Animal Production- Raising Small Ruminants
Quarter 2 - Module 1
Constructing Comfortable Housing

This instructional material was collaboratively developed and reviewed

by educators from public schools. We encourage teachers and other
education stakeholders to email their feedback, comments, and
recommendations to the Department of Education at action@ [Link].

We value your feedback and recommendations.

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

Introductory Message
For the Facilitator:
Welcome to the Technology and Livelihood Education- Agri-Fishery Arts
(Animal Production- Raising Small Ruminants) Grade 10 Alternative Delivery Mode
(ADM) Module on Constructing Comfortable Housing!
This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by
educators from public institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping
the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their
personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also
aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module. This contains helpful tips or strategies that will help you in
guiding the learners.

For the Learners and Parents:

Welcome to the Technology and Livelihood Education- Agri-Fishery Arts
(Animal Production- Raising Small Ruminants) Grade 10 Alternative Delivery Mode
(ADM) Module on Constructing Comfortable Housing!
The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often
used to depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create,
and accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a
learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant
competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in
your own hands!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.
Icons of this Module

What I Need to This part contains learning objectives that

Know are set for you to learn as you go along the
module.

What I know This is an assessment as to your level of

knowledge to the subject matter at hand,
meant specifically to gauge prior related
knowledge
What’s In This part connects previous lesson with that
of the current one.

What’s New An introduction of the new lesson through

various activities, before it will be presented
to you

What Is It These are discussions of the activities as a

way to deepen your discovery and under-
standing of the concept.

What’s More These are follow-up activities that are in-

tended for you to practice further in order to
master the competencies.

What I Have Activities designed to process what you

Learned have learned from the lesson

What I can do These are tasks that are designed to show-

case your skills and knowledge gained, and
applied into real-life concerns and situations.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing
this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not
alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
COVER PAGE
COPYRIGHT PAGE
TITLE PAGE
INTRODUCTORY MESSAGE
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Lesson 1: Site Selection…………………………………………………………………1
What I Need to Know ……………………………………………………..1
What I Know........................................................................................1
What’s In.............................................................................................3
What’s New ......................................................................................3
What Is It.............................................................................................4
What’s More ………………………………………………………………..5
What I Have Learned………………………………………………………6
What I Can Do.....................................................................................7
Assessment ………………………………………………………………...9
Additional Activities………………………………………………………..11
Lesson 2: Housing Small Ruminants…………………………………………………..12
What I Need to Know ……………………………………………………..12
What I Know........................................................................................12
What’s In.............................................................................................14
What’s New ......................................................................................14
What Is It.............................................................................................15
What’s More ……………………………………………………………….17
What I Have Learned..........................................................................18
What I Can Do....................................................................................19
Assessment ………………………………………………………………..20
Additional Activities………………………………………………………...21
Lesson 3: Space Requirements for Small Ruminants………………………………. 22
What I Need to Know ……………………………………………………. .22
What I Know........................................................................................ 22
What’s In............................................................................................. 24
What’s New ...................................................................................... 24
 What Is It.............................................................................................25
What’s More ……………………………………………………………….28
What I Have Learned……………………………………………………...29
What I Can Do....................................................................................30
Assessment ………………………………………………………………..31
Additional Activities………………………………………………………..32
Assessment (Unit Test)….……………………………………………………………..33
Answer Key …..…………………………………………………………………………..36
References………………………………………………………………………………..38
 Lesson

1 Site Selection

In Animal Production a construction of comfortable housing is necessary in

order to have a better production while considering its location. Good management
comes with good return to investment.

What I Need to Know

At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:

1. identify the factors considered in site selection;
2. select ideal site for construction;
3. appreciate the value of site selection

What I Know

Post Test
Multiple Choice
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.

1. It refers to the elevation of the area of the project where it is situated.

a. site C. topography
b. location D. vegetation
2. Which should be considered by farm raisers in selecting a site that is
accessible by vehicle?
a. location C. transportation
b. peace and order D. distance from market
3. Which factor is needed for cleaning, washing, and drinking purposes?
a. location C. peace and order
b. transportation D. water supply
4. Which of the following factors should 1 be considered in selecting neighboring
community?
a. site C. water supply
b. peace and order D. transportation
5. Which of the following is considered essential in selecting site location?
a. drainage C. wind direction
b. climatic condition D. all of the above
6. Goat house should be located in an area in the farm where it is _______.
a. not accessible
b. not protected by natural wind breaker
c. easily supplied with potable water
d. hilly
7. It refers to the direction of the strong winds.
a. wind direction C. drainage
b. climatic factors D. temperature
8. Both can be raised in different environmental condition.
a. beef and cattle
b. swine and poultry
c. goat and sheep
d. oyster and shrimp
9. It is widely distributed and are of great importance as a major source of
livelihood of the small farmers.
A. large ruminants
B. small ruminants
C. swine
D. poultry
10. Why site selection is essential in goat and sheep farming.
A. to ensure good return of investment and avoid problems in the
community
b. to have a nice view
c. to have a favorable condition
d. it is the ordinance of the community
11. ______ is versatile animal, it is known as a poor man’s cow.
a. cattle C. goat
b. beef D. sheep
12. Goat and sheep are termed as _____________ because of their size and
appearance.
A. large ruminant C. small scale animals
B. small ruminant D. large scale animals
13. Why do farmers prefer to build an elevated house for goats?
a. The animals get secured.
b. It is an ordinance of the municipality.
c. They follow culture in the community
d. It facilitates good ventilation and easy to clean
 14. Which of the following factors is described when a project is protected from
the direction of a strong wind.
a. climatic factors C. temperature
b. wind direction D. site
15. Which of the following factors is describes when the soil of the project is
sandy loam? 2
a. topography C. type of soil
b. water supply D. distance from community

What’s In

In this lesson we are going to identify the importance of site selection for goat
and sheep project, to attain the desired outcome from the previous quarter, which
tackles about good management in raising small ruminants. A good location for goat
and sheep project is essential, to ensure productive management.

What’s New

Small Ruminants
Ruminants are a special class of herbivore and occupy a unique and critically
important niche in the food chain. Small ruminants are widely distributed and are of
great importance as a major source of livelihood of the small farmers.

Goat and sheep are small ruminants which are of the same care and
management. Both can be raised in different environmental condition. It can be
enclosed or open environment.

Site Selection
A suitable location is the main factor for starting a goat farm. The chosen area
should contain all types of necessary facilities for your goats. It is important to select
a location where a project will be developed. This is an essential aspect to consider
by the farmers/raisers to ensure good return of investment in raising small ruminants.
Generally, a productive goat farm produced more in warm areas that are well
drained. Also considering the favorable temperature and space. Goats love to roam
around, so a bigger lawn would be very necessary. A village area that is far from the
city is very suitable for goat and sheep farming.

\
3

What Is It

In selecting the site for housing, the following must be considered:

Drainage - the area should be slightly sloped, to prevent severe waterlogging.

Wind direction- it should be protected from the direction of strong winds, the open
side of the shelter should face south away from the prevailing wind, and

Climatic factors- considering temperature and rainfall.

Factors to consider in site selection:

a. Topography- it considers the elevation of the area. The area must be slightly
sloping, a good drainage system and must be safe from strong winds and
typhoons

b. Water supply- the site should be located where there is a good supply of
potable water. Water is the most essential aspect to consider in selecting farm
location, the most basic needs in goat farm raising.

c. Transportation- accessibility of the project from farm to market. Accessible

for the vehicles to enter.

d. Peace and Order- a community where there is peace and order is also
considered a good factor.

e. Types of soil- soil should be light and sandy, goat and sheep are not adopted
to moistened soil.

f. Distance from community- it should be far from neighborhood, considering

the foul odor and flies that would affect the community.

Distance from farm to market- it is advantageous to the farm owners

if the farm is not too far from the market, considering the cost that will
be added to the expenses. Also, to avoid injury and death on the way
to the market.
 4

What’s More

Directions: Fill up each box with different factors in site Selection.

Factors to Consider in Site

selection
5
 What I Have Learned

Directions: Explain each of the following terms briefly and concisely.

1. Wind direction
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

2. Climatic factors

______________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________.

3. Topography

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

4. Water Supply

______________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________.

5. Transportation

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

6
 What I Can Do

Paint me a Picture!
Directions: In this activity you will draw your own site location for goat/sheep
house that is more appropriate in our weather condition.

7
 Rubrics for Drawing

Student’s Name: _______________________________________________

Components Mastery Accomplished Unacceptable Score

10-9 8-7 6-0
Basic Skills Drawing exhibits Drawing Drawing lacks
attention to detail contains many details.
and a variety of strong elements
drawing nut needs
techniques further
refinement and
fine-tuning.
Shading Shading is well Drawing is Shading is not
done with define shaded but complete or not
attention to detail need a few present at all.
finishing
touches.
Layout/Proportion Layout and The drawing has Elements of the
proportion are a few areas that drawing are out
properly need further of place and
sketched. refinement. out of
proportion.

8
 Assessment

Post Test
Multiple Choice
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.

1. It refers to the elevation of the area of the project where it is situated.

a. site C. topography
b. location D. vegetation
2. Which should be considered by farm raisers in selecting a site that is
accessible by vehicle?
a. location C. transportation
b. peace and order D. distance from market
3. Which factor is needed for cleaning, washing and drinking purposes?
a. location C. peace and order
b. transportation D. water supply
4. Which of the following factors should be considered in selecting neighboring
community?
a. site C. water supply
b. peace and order D. transportation
5. Which of the following is considered essential in selecting site location?
a. drainage C. wind direction
b. climatic condition D. all of the above
6. Goat house should be located in an area in the farm where it is _______.
a. not accessible
b. not protected by natural wind breaker
c. easily supplied with potable water
d. hilly
7. It refers to the direction of the strong winds.
a. wind direction C. drainage
b. climatic factors D. temperature
8. Both can be raised in different environmental condition.
a. beef and cattle
b. swine and poultry
c. goat and sheep
d. oyster and shrimp
9. It is widely distributed and are of great importance as a major source of
livelihood of the small farmers.
A. large ruminants
B. small ruminants
C. swine
D. poultry

9
10. Why site selection is essential in goat and sheep farming.
A. to ensure good return of investment and avoid problems in the
community
b. to have a nice view
c. to have a favorable condition
d. it is the ordinance of the community
11. ______ is versatile animal, it is known as a poor man’s cow.
a. cattle C. goat
b. beef D. sheep
12. Goat and sheep are termed as _____________ because of their size and
appearance.
A. large ruminant C. small scale animals
B. small ruminant D. large scale animals
13. Why do farmers prefer to build an elevated house for goats?
a. The animals get secured.
b. It is an ordinance of the municipality.
c. They follow culture in the community.
d. It facilitates good ventilation and easy to clean.
14. Which of the following factors is described when a project is protected from
the direction of a strong wind.
a. climatic factors C. temperature
b. wind direction D. site
15. Which of the following factors is describes when the soil of the project is
sandy loam?
a. topography C. type of soil
b. water supply D. distance from community

10
Additional Activities
True or False

Directions: Write T if the statement is true and F if the statement is false.

_____1. You must keep the floor of the house wet always

_____2. Always keep the house free from being damped

_____3. The house must have to be strong and comfortable

_____4. Keep enough space inside the house for taking rest

_____5. Goats are not afraid of cold and water.

_____6. A non-suitable goat housing or shelter is very important for goat

farming business.

_____7. The location for goat farming must be in a hilly area.

_____8. Water is the most essential aspect to consider in selecting farm

location.

_____9. Site location must be near in the cities.

_____10. A community where there is peace and order is also considered a

good factor.

11
 Lesson

2 Housing of Small Ruminants

Goats and sheep are raised whether for meat or milk purposes and must be
protected from the elements such as wind, rain and heat. A simple shed that is made
of low-cost materials in dry areas is enough to produce efficiently.
Shed is necessary to protect goats from the Sun, water and cold; protect from
tigers and jackals etc. at night and protect from theft. Sheds built above the ground is
good for appropriate management of dung of goats which will help to control
infections and non-infectious diseases. As well as it will be easy for management of
goat feeding to farmers.

What I Need to Know

At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:
1. Explain the importance of providing proper housing;
2. Identify locally found materials needed in the project;
3. Appreciate the value of providing shelter.

What I Know
Pre Test
Multiple Choice
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. The following are used as flooring materials for small scale goat’s house
except:
a. cogon C. wood
b. bamboo shoots D. gravel floors
2. In constructing goat house, nipa is mainly used as ________.
a. post B. partition C. roof D. sidings

12
3. Why is concrete post more preferable to use than wooden post in commercial
scale farming?
a. It provides durability.
b. It is the choice of the owner.
c. It facilitates proper ventilation.
d. It protects the building from soil-borne organisms.
4. Which part of the house that holds hay for feeding?
a. water trough C. pen
b. feeding trough D. post
5. A part of the house that is made of wooden slated floor.
a. fence C. floor
b. hay barn D. pen
6. It provides warmth, insulation, and comfort to the house.
a. hay C. wood
b. bedding D. bamboo
7. The following are types of bedding, except:
a. straw C. dried corn stalks
b. hay D. mud
8. Why is there a need to have a strong fence?
a. to avoid the goat from getting out
b. to protect the goat from bad climate
c. to avoid the thief from entering
d. all of the above
9. The following are factors of a good house, except
a. rain proof
b. damp proof
c. slats are compressed from droppings
d. well ventilated
10. The following are the things to consider in building goat shelter, except
a. flooring
b. bedding
c. fencing
d. location
11. It is an equipment that contains feeds for the animals.
a. feeding trough C. kidding box
b. hay rack D. waterer
12. It is an equipment that contains water for the animals.
a. feeding trough C. kidding box
b. hay rack D. waterer
13. It is part of the shed that is mainly made of gravel or wood.
a. flooring C. fencing
b. bedding D. wall
14. How many liters should be made available for the water trough of the goats?
a. 1 liter C. 5 liters
b. 3 liters D. 7 liters
15. What is the ideal size of the mineral trough of a goat house?
a. 1 C. 3
b. 2 D. 4

13
 What’s In

In the previous lesson the selection of site location has been discussed
already. In this section we will discuss on how to keep our goats/sheep safe,
providing them with perfect shelter.
Housing play a very important role in goat farming business. Although goats
do not require too much. They will live happily if you are fulfilling their basic housing
demands. Even, a simple shelter will be sufficient for housing them. Goats really
hate cold and water. So, consider this while making house or shelter for them

What’s New

A good goat house will make keeping goats easier.

A good goat house should be
-rain proof
-damp proof
-well ventilated
-free from direct wind
-free from sharp objects that might cut the goat
-pest and wild animal proof
-slats on floor for free fall droppings
-with an area of at least 2 meters per animal

14
If you build a goat house like the one shown, you will:
- notice that animals do not get sick very often
- you can make sure that only the animals you want to breed do so
- make it very easy to feed
- stop wasting feed
- save the goats from wasting energy
- keep goat’s feet dry and clean all the time

What Is It

A shelter is needed to avoid harsh condition of the environment. A well

ventilated, clean and dry shelter helps animals to stay healthy. It can be made from
low cost materials and high cost materials. However, it would be beneficial to
construct goat shed from locally available materials to avoid the high cost materials.
These facilities differ according to the system of management and climatic condition.
A suitable goat shelter should be well-lit with natural lighting and have adequate
ventilation, but it needs to be free from breezes, particularly at ground level.

Similarly, you need to have a storage where you keep the goats’ feeds and
care tools. So, some of the things to consider when deciding to build a goat shelter
include:

Flooring

Gravel floors are the best option for goats although some people prefer wood.
The dirt in the gravel absorbs urine and when the gravel is covered with straw, it
helps keep the goats warm.

Sheds with mud floor may be suitable except in places where high rainfall is
observed. The shelter should be constructed in an elevated area or slightly slanting
to prevent water and urine stagnation. This also helps with drainage in your shed
which should be good, to counteract any buildup of smells and urine.

Bedding

Regardless of type of flooring, you need to use some sort of bedding for
warmth and comfort.

If you have to use a concrete floor, make sure to put down three to four inches
of saw dust to insulate the goats with enough warmth while they sleep.

Fencing

Goats are notorious in getting out of enclosures, so you will need some tight
shelter than considerably strong fencing to protect them from bad climate.

15
Main areas of the house:

The two main area of the house are the sleeping and feeding area.

Sleeping area

- wall right around- with a door

- it must be roofed
- well ventilated

Feeding Area

- Open
- Fence right around the door
- Feed trough/water area
- Place for hanging fodder (feed racks)
- Floor with slats to let manure fall through- keeps feet and animals clean
and dry
- Place hang mineral block (placed where it cannot be rained on )

Parts of the House

Floor
- A slatted wooden floor is very important. This has small gaps
- Use of local materials means you can use off cut planks
- The floor racks made of rafters should be put where the goats feed and
sleep.

Feed trough
- Made with rafters, must be easy to clean
- Floor of trough can be made of off cuts
- Must be able to hold hay

Water Trough
- A 5 litre can should be hang on the door to the sleeping room
- The door should have a small window so that the goats can have access
to water-day and night

Kid pen
- Kid pen should be for at least 6 kids
- Be half the area for the 4 does. i.e. 4 square meters

Hay Barn/Store
- To store fodder, for use during the dry season, build a store adjacent to
the goat house that is roofed to avoid hay being rained on.

Mineral Trough
- Should be made where the goats sleep
- A one-foot square box is ideal for the purpose. A halved long ways plastic
container nailed to a board , at least 1 foot wide can be useful
- Or just as good – hang the salt so the goat has to reach for it.
 16

What’s More

Activity: Say It Artsy!

1. Describe housing needs for goats including space, feed, and general
equipment.
 17

What I Have Learned

Directions: Identify the parts of the pictures below. Write your answer on the spaces
provided.
18
 What I Can Do

Activity 2.1
Make Sketch of your own comfortable goat house.

19
 Assessment

Post Test
Multiple Choice
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. The following are used as flooring materials for small scale goat’s house
except:
a. cogon C. wood
b. bamboo shoots D. gravel floors
2. In constructing goat house, nipa is mainly used as ________.
a. post B. partition C. roof D. sidings
3. Why is concrete post more preferable to use than wooden post in commercial
scale farming?
a. It provides durability.
b. It is the choice of the owner.
c. It facilitates proper ventilation.
d. It protects the building from soil-borne organisms.
4. Which part of the house that holds hay for feeding?
a. water trough C. pen
b. feeding trough D. post
5. A part of the house that is made of wooden slated floor.
a. fence C. floor
b. hay barn D. pen
6. It provides warmth, insulation, and comfort to the house.
a. hay C. wood
b. bedding D. bamboo
7. The following are types of bedding, except:
a. straw C. dried corn stalks
b. hay D. mud
8. Why is there a need to have a strong fence?
a. to avoid the goat from getting out
b. to protect the goat from bad climate
c. to avoid the thief from entering
d. all of the above
9. The following are factors of a good house, except
a. rain proof
b. damp proof
c. slats are compressed from droppings
d. well ventilated
10. The following are the things to consider in building goat shelter, except
a. flooring
b. bedding
c. fencing
d. location

20
 11. It is an equipment that contains feeds for the animals.
a. feeding trough C. kidding box
b. hay rack D. waterer
12. It is an equipment that contains water for the animals.
a. feeding trough C. kidding box
b. hay rack D. waterer
13. It is part of the shed that is mainly made of gravel or wood.
a. flooring C. fencing
b. bedding D. wall
14. How many liters should be made available for the water trough of the goats?
a. 1 liter C. 5 liters
b. 3 liters D. 7 liters
15. What is the ideal size of the mineral trough of a goat house?
a. 1 C. 3
b. 2 D. 4

Additional Activities

Match ‘em up!

Place the letter that corresponds to your answer on the blank before each number.

___ 1. Goats prefer what type of grazing? A. A small shed or barn

___ 2. What kind of grain does a goat eat? B. Farmers or feed mill

___ 3. What kind of housing does a goat need? C. Electric fence or woven

wire 4 feet high

___ 4. How is goat’s milk used? D. Clean, dry straw

___ 5. Grain is available from … E. Good-quality hay and

grasses

___ 6. What do goats sleep on? F. Browse

___ 7. How would you keep a goat fenced in? G. Veterinarian

___ 8. A goat eats grain and . . . H. Drink it, sell it or make

cheese and butter

___ 9. Who would you call when a goat gets sick? I. From a respected breeder

___ 10. Where do you buy a goat? J. 16 percent protein feed

21
 Lesson Space Requirements for
Small Ruminants
3
When confined to a building, a bred ewe requires 12 to 16 square feet of pen
space. Lambing pens should be 16 to 25 square feet in size. In group housing, a
ewe with her lambs needs 16 to 20 square feet. Feeder lambs need 8 to 10 square
feet.
Less space is required if sheep are raised on slatted floors or if they have
access to an exercise area or pasture. Shearing before housing will allow stocking
rates in the barn to be increased by up to 20%.

What I Need to Know

At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:
1. Identify locally found materials needed in the construction;
2. Explain the importance of proper housing for the animals;
3. Construct simple house for the small ruminants; and
4. Appreciate the value of providing shed for animals.

What I Know

Pre Test

Multiple Choice

Directions: Choose the correct letter of your answer from the given choices and write
on your activity notebook.

1. Why is elevated flooring a requirement when constructing a house for

goats?
a. It is the decision of the owner.
b. It is more economical in nature.
c. It facilitates the cleaning of manure.
d. It is an ordinance from the municipality.

22
2. What is the floor space per adult goat?
a. 15-20 sq.
b. 20-25 sq.
c. 25-30 sq.
d. 30-35 sq.
3. The following are used as roofing materials for small scale goat’s house
except:
a. anahaw
b. cogon
c. galvanized iron
d. nipa
4. What is the floor space for breeding female (doe)?
a. 1.0 m2
b. 1.5 m2
c. 2.0 m2
d. 2.5 m2
5. In constructing goat house, bamboo is mainly used as _________.
a. partition
b. post
c. roof
d. sidings
6. It is a type of pen which is intended for non-lactating female.
a. dry does and doeling pen
b. drower pen
c. sick pen
d. lambing/ kidding shed
7. A type of shed that is intended for breeding.
a. grower pen
b. sick pen
c. ram/buck shed
d. none of the above
8. These shed is used for maternity rooms for pregnant ewe or doe.
a. lambing/kidding shed
b. ram/buck shed
c. grower pen
d. dry does and doeling pen
9. What is the space requirement for feeder lamb in dirt lot?
a. 10-15 sq. ft.
b. 15-20 sq. ft.
c. 20-25 sq. ft.
d. 25-30 sq. ft.
10. Why must the goat house be well ventilated?
a. to allow the airflow inside the house
b. to avoid foul odor from the waste
c. to have a comfortable house
d. all of the above
11. What is the recommended space for ram in slatter floor?
a. 8-10 C. 14-20
b. 10-12 D. 20-25

23
 12. What is the recommended housing space for bred ewe in open shed?
a. 6 C. 10
b. 8 D. 12
13. How many goats can occupy a space of 1.8m x 1.8 m x 2.5 m?
a. 5 C. 15
b. 10 D. 20
14. These are materials which are cut into halves and holds water for the
animals to drink in.
a. feeders C. racks
b. boxes D. pails or drums
15. What is the main function of a ram/buck shed?
a. for breeding C. for sick animals
b. for maternity D. for non-lactating females

What’s In
In the previous lesson it was discussed about the selection of site location. In
this section, we will discuss on how to keep our goats/sheep safe, providing them
with perfect shelter. Planning your goat house will depend on where you live, how
many goats do you want to raise and how much you can afford.

What’s New

Building house for your goats, always think of their comfort. Ensure that, your
goats are living happily inside their house, and the house is suitable enough to keep
them free from adverse weather and all types of predators.
Required Space for Goats
In accordance with increasing the body size and weight of goats, they require
more space. A house of 1.8 meter *1.8 meter* 2.5 meter (5.5 ft * 5.5 ft * 8.5 ft) is
suitable enough for housing 10 small goats. Every adult goat needs about 0.75
meter * 4.5 meter * 4.8 meter housing space. Every billy goat needs 2.4 meter * 1.8
meter housing space. It will be better, if you can keep the nursing and pregnant
goats separately. You can extend or decrease the area of a goat’s house according
to the number of goat in your farm. But keep in mind that, every goat needs its
required space for proper growing and better production.

24
 What is It

Housing Specifications

Use indigenous materials available in the locality, such as round lumber, bamboo
and cogon or nipa.

1. Provide at least 15-20 sq. R. of floor space per adult goat. A separate housing
is provided for the buck.
2. Raise the floor at least 3 feet above the ground to facilitate cleaning and
removal of manure.
3. Do not nail the floor boards or slats closely; provide slits between the boards
so that manure can fall through them. This will keep the flooring clean and
dry.
4. The house should be well-ventilated. The wall around the house can be made
of bamboo slats spaced 44 inches apart.
5. Provide a sack cover on the wind side of the house. This can be rolled up
when not needed.

Note: For two does and one buck raised together, the size of the goat house will be
6′ × 8′.

Ipil-ipil. Remove bark. Soak lumber in running water (river/stream) for 3 days to
dissolve the carbohydrate content of the wood. Dry.

Bamboo. Mix 1 part crude oil: 2 parts kerosene. Paint this mixture on the split
bamboo and season (sun-dry) for 4-7 days. Bamboo is more durable when
harvested at the right time (mature, light green or yellow in color). Cut before the
onset of the growing season, before the young shoots appear.

Feeding facilities
Provide the goat house with the following facilities:

1. Fodder rack. Elevate the feeder 1 1/2 ft above the floor and attach it to the goat
house from outside.
2. Water container. Plastic basins or pails can serve the purpose. Place this outside
of the pen to avoid contamination with urine or manure.
3. Salt container. A bamboo tube with 2 or more slits at the bottom can serve as
container for the ordinary table salt for the goats to lick. Hang the bamboo tube
inside the house.
4. Hay rack. Store the fodder/forage in hay rack under a shade or shed adjacent to
the goat house.
Source: [Link] 25
Table 1. The recommended floor space area for goats at different ages
Category Floor Space (m2)
Breeding female (doe) 1.5
Breeding male (buck) 2.0
Young stock (up to one year old kid) 1.0

Recommended housing space (square feet) for sheep and lambs

Confinement Confinement
. Dirt lot Open shed
(dirt floor) (slatted floors)
Bred ewe 20 8 12-16 8-10
Ewe with lambs 25 12 16-20 10-12
Ram 20 8 20-30 14-20
Feeder lamb 15-20 6 8-10 4-6
Source: Midwest Plan Service, Sheep Housing and Equipment Handbook, 1982

General flock shed (Ewe / Doe shed)

 The flock shed shall be used for housing ewes or does kept for breeding
purpose.
 The shed shall be 15m (l) x 4m (w) x 3 m (h) and can accommodate not more
than 60 ewes or does.
 The shed should be three metre high and should have brick-on-edge floor.
 In low lying and heavy rainfall areas, the floors should preferably be elevated
and in temperate regions they may be made of strong wood.
Ram / buck shed

 Rams or bucks kept for breeding purpose are housed individually in these
sheds. Alternatively, wooden partitions can be raised in bigger shed to partition in to
stalls.
 The dimension is of 4m (l) ×2.5m (w) ×3m (h) and can accommodate about 3
rams/ bucks.
 The shed shall be partitioned lengthwise to form three equal compartments.
 The partition between each shed should not exceed one metre.
 The partitions may be either of wooden planks or half-cut ballis.
 The partition shall be not more than one metre high from the floor.
26

Lambing / kidding shed

 These sheds shall be used as maternity rooms for pregnant ewe or doe and
are housed individually in these sheds.
 The shed shall be 1.5m(l)×1.2m(w)×3.0m(h), a manger for holding feed and
hay and a bucket for keeping water shall be provided in the shed.
 These sheds shall be made draught free.
 In cold climates some warming device, like a room heater shall be fixed in
maternity pens, so that new borns are protected from cold during winter.
Dry does and doeling pen
This is a pen intended for non-lactating female, or a female that has kidden before
and stopped and for female goat under 1 year old.
Grower pen
This accommodates all the male and female goats weaned at three (3) months old. If
the male goats had not been castrated before weaning, they should be separated
from the others to avoid untimely breeding.

Sick animal shed

 There shall be a sick animal shed for segregating ailing and disabled animals.
 Away from the other sheds one or more sick animal sheds may be
constructed with a dimension of 3m (l) ×2m (w) × 3 m (h).
 The lower half of the door may be made of wooden planks and the upper half
of wire-netting.
 There may also be a window of 0.7 m broad and 1.2 m high with a wire net
covering.

Roof designs

 The roof may be made gabled.

 The roofing material may be either plain or corrugated galvanized steel sheets
or asbestos cement sheets and where the rainfall is not heavy, it may be of
thatch
 A goat house with a 2-3 meters high roof from floor, and sloping to 1.5 meter
behind is suggested.
 Indigenous roofing materials, such as anahaw, nipa, or cogon leaves, may be
used
 The open-roof type (monitor type) is recommended.

Under Philippine conditions, open roof27 type is recommended. This type of roof
allows the air flow inside the house. A good ventilation is required to avoid build-
up of foul odor from its waste product.
 What’s More

Activity 1.1 Let’s go on a field trip!

Directions: You will visit a goat project farm and will inspect the farm if it has
the following facilities. Write your corresponding remarks, whether the
following facilities are fully operational or needs to be repair.

Roof Slatted
Brooder
Feeders Slabs Flooring Waterer
Boxes

What I Have Learned

28
Direction: Discuss the function of the following shed.

1. General Flock Shed

________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________.

2. Ram/buck Shed
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________.
3. Lambing Shed
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
_________________.

4. Dry does and doeling pen

________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________.

5. Grower pen
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________.

What I Can Do 29
Direction: Make a sketch of your own goat facilities include barn(s), pen(s),
fence(s), and loading and unloading areas.

Assessment 30
Post Test
Multiple Choice
Direction: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on
a separate sheet of paper.

1. Why is elevated flooring requirement when constructing a house for

goats?
a. It is the decision of the owner
b. It is more economical in nature
c. It facilitates the cleaning of manure
d. It is an ordinance from the municipality
2. What is the floor space per adult goat?
a. 15-20 sq. C. 25-30 sq.
b. 20-25 sq. D. 30-35 sq.
3. The following are used as roofing materials for small scale goat’s house
EXCEPT:
a. anahaw C. galvanized iron
b. cogon D. nipa
4. What is the floor space for breeding female (doe)?
a. 1.0 m2 C. 2.0 m2
b. 1.5 m2 D. 2.5 m2
5. In constructing goat house, bamboo is mainly used as _________.
a. partition C. roof
b. post D. sidings
6. It is a type of pen which is intended for non-lactating female.
a. dry does and doeling pen C. sick pen
b. grower pen D. lambing/kidding shed
7. A type of shed that is intended for breeding.
a. grower pen
b. sick pen
c. ram/buck shed
d. doeling pen
8. These shed is used for maternity rooms for pregnant ewe or doe.
a. lambing/kidding shed
b. ram/buck shed
c. grower pen
d. dry does and doeling pen
9. What is the space requirement for feeder lamb in dirt lot?
a. 10-15 sq. ft.
b. 15-20 sq. ft
c. 20-25 sq ft.
d. 25-30 sq. ft.

10. Why must the goat house be well ventilated?

a. to allow the airflow inside the house
b. to avoid foul odor from the waste
c. to have a comfortable house
31
d. all of the above
11. What is the recommended space for ram in slatter floor?
 a. 8-10 C. 14-20
b. 10-12 D. 20-25
12. What is the recommended housing space for bred ewe in open shed?
a. 6 C. 10
b. 8 D. 12
13. How many goats can occupy a space of 1.8m x 1.8 m x 2.5 m?
a. 5 C. 15
b. 10 D. 20
14. These are materials which are cut into halves and holds water for the
animals to drink in.
a. feeders C. racks
b. boxes D. pails or drums
15. What is the main function of a ram/buck shed?
a. for breeding C. for sick animals
b. for maternity D. for non-lactating females

Additional Activies
1. Visit a farm near your community, write a report regarding on what you have
observed in the farm. Write your observation on a piece of bond paper.

UNIT TEST
32
Multiple Choice
Direction: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. It refers to the elevation of the area of the project that it is situated.
a. site C. topography
b. location D. vegetation
2. Which should be considered by farm raisers select a site that is accessible by
vehicle?
a. location C. transportation
b. peace and order D. distance from market
3. Which factor is needed for cleaning, washing and drinking purposes?
a. location C. peace and order
b. transportation D. water supply
4. Which of the following factors that should be consider in selecting neighboring
community?
a. site C. water Supply
b. peace and Order D. transportation
5. Which of the following is considered essential in selecting site location?
a. drainage C. wind direction
b. climatic condition D. all of the above
6. Goat house should be located in an area in the farm where _______.
a. accessible
b. protected by natural wind breaker
c. easily supplied with potable water
d. all of the above
7. It refers to the direction of the strong winds.
a. wind direction C. drainage
b. climatic factors D. none of the above
8. Both can be raised in different environmental condition.
a. beef and cattle
b. swine and poultry
c. goat and sheep
d. oyster and shrimp
9. It is widely distributed and are of great importance as a major source of
livelihood of the small farmers.
A. large ruminants
B. small ruminants
C. swine
D. poultry

10. Why site selection is essential in goat and sheep farming.

A. to ensure good return of 33investment and avoid problems in the
community.
b. to have a nice view
 c. to have a favorable condition
d. none of the above
11. The following are used as flooring material for small scale goat’s house
except:
a. cogon C. wood
b. bamboo shoots D. gravel floors
12. In constructing goat house, nipa is mainly used as ________.
c. post B. partition C. roof D. sidings
13. Why is concrete post more preferable to use than wooden post in commercial
scale farming?
a. It provides durability.
b. It is the choice of the owner.
c. It facilitates proper ventilation.
d. It protects the building from soil-borne organisms.
14. Which part of the house that holds hay for feeding?
a. water trough C. pen
b. feeding trough D. post
15. A part of the house that is made of wooden slated floor.
a. fence C. floor
b. hay barn D. pen
16. It provides warmth, insulation, and comfort to the house.
a. hay C. wood
b. bedding D. bamboo
17. The following are types of bedding, except:
a. straw C. dried corn stalks
b. hay D. mud
18. Why is there a need for a strong fence?
a. to avoid the goat from getting out
b. to protect the goat from bad climate
c. to avoid the thief from entering
d. all of the above
19. The following are factors of a good house, except:
a. rain proof
b. damp proof
c. slats are compressed fro droppings
d. well ventilated
20. The following are the things to consider in building goat shelter, except:
a. flooring
b. bedding
c. fencing
d. squeezer
21. Why is elevated flooring requirement when constructing a house for goats?
a. it is the decision of the owner
b. it is more economical in nature
c. it facilitates the cleaning of manure
d. it is an ordinance from the municipality
22. What is the floor space per adult goat?
a. 15-20 sq. 34 C. 25-30 sq.
b. 20-25 sq. D. 30-35 sq.
23. The following are used as roofing materials for small scale goat’s house
except:
a. anahaw C. galvanized iron
b. cogon D. nipa
24. What is the floor space for breeding female (doe)?
a. 1.0 m2 C. 2.0 m2
b. 1.5 m2 D. 2.5 m2
25. In constructing goat house, bamboo is mainly used as _________.
a. partition
b. post
c. roof
d. sidings
26. It is a type of pen which is intended for non-lactating female.
a. dry does and doeling pen
b. grower pen
c. sick pen
d. lambing/kidding shed
27. A type of shed that is intended for breeding.
a. grower pen
b. sick pen
c. ram/buck shed
d. doe pen
28. This shed is used for maternity rooms for pregnant ewe or doe.
a. lambing/kidding shed
b. ram/buck shed
c. grower pen
d. dry does and doeling pen
29. What is the space requirement for feeder lamb in dirt lot?
a. 10-15 sq. ft.
b. 15-20 sq. ft
c. 20-25 sq ft.
d. 25-30 sq. ft.
30. Why must the goat house be well ventilated?
a. to allow the airflow inside the house
b. to avoid foul odor from the waste
c. to have a comfortable house
d. all of the above

35
Answer Key
Assessment Assessment Assessment
1. C 1. B 1. C
2. C 2. C 2. A
3. D 3. A 3. C
4. B 4. B 4. B
5. D 5. C 5. D
6. D 6. B 6. A
7. A 7. D 7. C
8. C 8. D 8. A
9. A 9. C 9. B
10. B 10. D 10. D
11. C 11. A 11. C
12. B 12. D 12. B
13. D 13. A 13. B
14. B 14. C 14. D
15. C 15. A 15. A

36
UNIT TEST
1. C
2. C
3. D
4. B
5. D
6. D
7. A
8. C
9. A
10. B
11. B
12. C
13. A
14. B
15. C
16. B
17. D
18. D
19. C
20. D
21. C
22. A
23. C
24. B
25. D
26. A
27. C
28. A
29. B
30. D

37
References

[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]/attra-pub/sheep_illus.html
[Link]
689860-4192748-format-xhtml-m1eydu/[Link]
[Link]
%20Production%[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
advantages-and-disadvantages-to-the-animal-environment-and-farmer
[Link]

38
For inquiries and feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR)

DepEd Division of Bukidnon

Fortich Street, Sumpong, Malaybalay City
Telefax: (088) 813-3634
E-mail Address: bukidnon@[Link]
Website: [Link]