FOT

EQS
PHOTOGRA
PHY

A.R.
TECHNIQ
Photography is a technique and a form of art journalistic role nowadays, since it allows

UE
that consists of capturing images using light,
projecting it and fixing it in the form of
images on a sensitive medium (physical or
digital).
real images to be captured and reproduced
in physical or digital media, thus being able
to observe events that occurred in other
latitudes and/or in other historical times.
It fulfills an important documentary or
 THE STORY IN PHOTOGRAPHY
The invention of photography was not the work of a single
person nor was it done in a single day: dozens of inventors
have contributed to this invention, which today continues to
improve with new camera models, more compact and of better
quality.
The first camera was not developed until the 19th century, but
before that other devices had been invented that attempted to
capture the image on a surface.
The most important was the camera obscura, a device that
was used for centuries for entertainment.
It is a closed box with a small hole through which light enters.
This light projects the image from the outside to the inside of The first camera was not invented until years later.
the box: if a light-sensitive material is placed on the inside wall, Louis Daguerre made it in 1839, in his honor, the
a kind of photograph is achieved.
invention was named the daguerreotype.
Daguerre intended to improve the dark box and
shorten the process, since with Nicéphore Niépce's
system the exposure lasted hours before the bitumen
hardened.
In parallel, the British scientist Henry Fox Talbot
experimented with other materials. Just a few days
after the presentation of the daguerreotype he
announced that he had discovered light-sensitive
paper.
The main advantage of this system, called a calotype,
is that the paper becomes a negative of the image
that can be used to make copies of the photograph.
PHOTOGRA

CAMERA
PHY

OR S
The creator was Johannes Kepler (1571-
1630) who coined the name “camera
obscura” for the first time in his treatise
"Ad Vitellionem Paralipomena" of 1604.

C
Defining the concept of the camera
obscura, which will be the basis of his
invention of the telescope.
The camera obscura is an optical
instrument capable of “drawing” with
light, on paper, not only the different

U
chiaroscuro values of an illuminated body,
but also the different shades of color. It is
used to reproduce images. It is an optical
instrument that is responsible for
providing a flat projection of a given
external image on the internal area of its

R
surface or on a wall that is opposite to the
image that is projected outside. TO

A
 CAMERA PARTS

We can say that the camera body is the The camera body provides rigidity and
framework that contains or supports the solidity to the camera, depending on the
rest of the components, in a similar way to quality and materials it is made of, the
how the chassis of a car supports the rest camera will be at one level of quality or
of the elements of the car. another. A good body makes a camera
more resistant and lighter to the

time
.
 PHOTOGRA
There is a wide variety of
PHY photographic cameras on the market
COMPONENTS with different formats and features.
However, whether they are the
OF A simplest compact cameras or the most
sophisticated SLR cameras, the
PHOTOGRAPHIC general principles that govern their
operation are similar.
The Viewfinder: The viewfinder is the
CAMERA

part of the camera that is

used to frame and focus the image.
The objective; It is an optical system, made up of a set of lenses, whose
function is to form the image that the sensor will capture.
The Sensor: The function of the sensor is to transform the optical image
created by the objective into a series of electrical signals that will give rise to
the digital image.
The Shutter: The shutter is a device that allows us to control the
time that the sensor will be exposed to the action of light.
Buttons and Control Dials: The buttons and control dials allow us to configure
our camera and the parameters of taking photos.
The Diaphragm: The diaphragm is a mechanism located inside the lens that is
used to adjust the intensity of light that reaches the sensor.
The Screen: All digital cameras have a screen on the back.
 RULE OF THIRDS
This famous rule “tells us that the center of attention
should be placed at the intersection of the imaginary
lines that divide a photograph into three parts from
top to bottom and from left to right.

The rule of thirds is one of the most useful

compositional techniques in photography. This is
because it can be applied to any type of photo to
produce well-balanced and attention-grabbing
images. Composing according to the rule of thirds
involves mentally dividing the image into 3 equal
parts

The rule of thirds is a

composition guide that places
your subject in the left or right
third of an image, leaving the
other two-thirds clearer. While
there are other ways to
compose, in general, the rule
of thirds leads to attractive,
well-composed photos.
 PHOTOGRA
PHY

CAR

They are automatic modes of the

MODES
Understanding digital camera modes is essential to capturing the best images possible.
Using the different camera shooting modes, you can choose how to operate your camera to
choose the best parameters according to the scene and your photography skills.
The main modes are also known as “PASM camera modes” or “PASM shooting modes”
according to digital camera symbols. Some of them
chamber or semi-automatic
(also known as camera priority modes), while others are completely manual.

OF THE DIGITAL CAMERA

In summary, these are the main camera modes in photography: Programmed Auto
Mode/Program (P): The camera automatically selects the shutter speed and aperture.
Shutter or speed priority mode (Tv/S): You choose the shutter speed, and the camera sets
the aperture.
Aperture priority mode (Av./A): You choose the aperture, and the camera sets the shutter
speed.
Manual Camera Mode (M): You choose all the main camera parameters
AIM

PHOTOGRA
PHY

The objective is basically a set of converging and diverging lenses that directs the light beams
towards the sensor of the digital camera (or towards a photosensitive support such as film in
the case of analog photography).
Fisheye: This is the name given to those extremely angular lenses that exceed 180º of vision.
Wide angle: This includes lenses with focal lengths between 8 mm and 25 mm, which cover viewing
angles from 180º to 60º.
Normal or “Standard”: We consider “normal” those lenses that range from 25 to 65 mm
By covering a viewing angle of between 60º and 25º, they are quite similar to human vision and hence
their name.
Telephoto lens: These lenses, which would range from 60 to 160 millimeters, will allow us to focus a
lot of attention on the scene since their angle of view has been considerably reduced: it ranges from
25º to 10º
Super Telephoto: Super telephoto lenses, those whose focal length ranges from 160 to 600 mm and
cover viewing angles of 10º to 2º.
PHOTOGRA
PHY
 The exposure triangle is an analogy
to explain the main elements that
affect exposure in a photograph:
aperture, shutter speed and ISO; and
the way in which these elements are
related.

ISO

TRIANGLE
ISO: is the sensitivity of the sensor to light. The higher the ISO value we choose, the
more sensitive our camera sensor will become to light and, therefore, it will capture
more light.

Aperture: is the size of the diaphragm; that is, the hole inside the objective or lens that
allows light to enter. The larger the aperture, the more light will enter and be recorded
on the camera.

Shutter speed (or shooting speed): It is the time during which the camera remains open
recording the light or photo. Generally, it is fractions of a second, which is how long a
shot lasts, but it can be longer. In fact, at slower shooting speeds, more light enters the
camera.

OF EXPOSITION
PHOTOGRA
PHY SHUTTER SYSTEM
The focal plane shutter is located
inside the camera, just in front of
the sensor At the moment of
shooting, the first curtain moves
from one end of the sensor to the
other, allowing the
light. Once the exposure time has
elapsed, the

second curtain is responsible

The electronic shutter works by
for covering the area again
turning the camera's image sensor
on and off to control exposure. The
mechanical shutter uses
conventional front and rear shutter
curtains, located in front of the
sensor, which open and close to
produce the exposure
PROPERTIES OF THE
Light is the true raw material of our photographs. Know your
nature and its properties It is essential if we want to understand how the
handle our camera
The four properties of light that
all photographers must use be
familiar:
1 .Quality: Describes the
relationship between the size of
the source that emits the light
and that of the object we are
photographing
2 .Color: We do not see the
objects in our environment in
color
that they really have
3 .Address: This
property is associated with the imaginary lines that, in some way, indicate the path
that the light follows
[Link]: It tells us how much
light is present in the scene that
we want
to photograph
PHOTOGRA
PHY
ANGLES

When we talk about photographic

angle, we refer to the position in
which we place the
camera to capture the image,
these have
name and there are five different
angles that can be used to take
photos, the best of all is that each
one gives a completely different
perception to the same object.

For the photo to awaken

emotions, sensations and
feelings in the people who
come into contact with it,
several aspects must be taken
into account:
• Position of the object or person to be
photographed
• Lightning
• Position of your camera to the
moment of press he
trigger.

Ex.
Zenithal
BLUEPR The types of plans
according to the scale will
help us
Therefore, we have to know
where to cut the frame when
taking our portraits.
Furthermore, each of them
will have a series of
connotations that will help
us convey a certain meaning
with our image.
PHOTOGRA
PHY

PHOTOGRAPHS
 BLACK AND WHITE
Black and white images allow us to express something, they have a different intention
than color images. We observe images whose purpose is to transmit strength,
aggressiveness and others whose intensity is different, transmit kindness, sadness or
melancholy.
It is a photographic genre in which the
image is characterized by the absence
of color. This type of photography is
based, however, on tones that range
from white to black through medium
tones (gray). That's why you can also
hear about it as monochrome or
grayscale photography.

Until the 1970s , black and white photographs were the standard for photographic
shooting at that time. Many forms of visual technology have initially been developed in
black and white and have gradually evolved to include color. The term "black and white"
is used, even when the visual technologies in question sometimes include various shades
of gray in addition to black and white, or when white and shades of a single color, such
as sepia, are used.
PHOTOGRA
PHY

FAN
HO
Nicknamed “The Grandmaster,” Fan-Ho was
born in Shanghai in 1931 and began taking
photography at the age of 14 when his father
gave him a Rolleiflex binocular reflex (TLR)
camera. He moved to Hong Kong in 1949
where he took photographs of the streets and
alleys, markets and docks.
His photographs from the 1950s and 1960s are
the most iconic ever taken of Hong Kong.
“A master of chiaroscuro, Ho captured with
dramatic vision the bustling streets of Hong
Kong in vivid meditative tableaus populated by
solitary figures.”
This photographer recommended. “First find the
ideal place. Then be patient to find the right
subject that arouses interest, even if it is a
simple cat. You must capture the precise
moment that includes the spirit, the essence,
the soul of the person.”
Looking at Fan-Ho's photographs is a whole
lesson in how to take great street photographs.
He was nominated eight times among the top
10 photographers in the world by the
Photographic Society of America; won more
than 300 international awards since 1956; He
was named Fellow of the Photographic Society
of America, the Royal Society of Arts and other
professional groups in Germany, France, Italy,
Belgium, Brazil, Argentina and Singapore. He
was also a film director, made 24 films and
received three “Official Selection” at Cannes.
 NACH
PHOTOGRA
PHY

LOPEZ
O
Ignacio López Bocanegra, better known as
Nacho López ( Tampico , Tamaulipas , 1923 –
Mexico City , 1986 ) was a Mexican
photographer , an important figure in the
photographic journalism of that country in the
20th century.
He almost rejected the creation of images that
portrayed an exotic Mexico and preferred
photography of ordinary people of Mexico City
to that of the political and social elite. He is
credited with being the first in Mexico to work
with photographic series, which he called
“photo essays” made to be published in weekly
illustrated magazines in the country. About half
of his photographs were of situations organized
by López, designed to capture the reactions of
those present at the event. Although he was
active as a photojournalist for less than a
decade in the 1950s, he was an influence on
the generations of photojournalists who
followed him, and left a collection of
approximately 33,000 images preserved today
in the Nacho López Fund of the National Photo
Library of Mexico.
PHOTOGRA
PHY

Theory
C
In traditional color theory
(used in paint and
pigments), primary colors
are the 3 pigment colors
that cannot be mixed or
formed by any
combination of other
colors.

We represent them on a
color wheel of colors. The
rest of the colors are derived
from these three main ones.
 COLORS
Colors are emotions, feelings, moods, they
show our personality and each of them has a
deeper meaning than most people know or
think they know.

The sensations that colors give us are determined by the culture in which we have grown
up. Of course, our experiences and knowledge mean that each one has a different way of
understanding each color.
 PHOTOGRA
PHY
LIGHT
The sensations that colors give us are
determined by the culture in which we
have grown up. Of course, our
experiences and knowledge mean that
each one has a different way of
understanding each color.

HARD
AND
SOFT
Many factors affect the hardness or
softness of a light source, but many
mistakenly think that the diffusers
applied to the light source are the main
reason. Actually, it's simpler than that.
The main reason that makes a light
hard or soft is the size relationship
between the light source and what we photograph.
Distance plays a very important role, since the further we move our light point from our
subject the more we dwarf the apparent size of the light and therefore make the light
harder.

Autumn Winter
The coldest seasons of the year, autumn or winter, are associated with sobriety and tones.
neutrals, letting the highlight fall on the construction of the piece, its cut, texture and
modeling.
In relation to colors, the catalog is greatly influenced by the landscapes of the northern hemisphere,
especially because in many countries in the southern hemisphere the landscapes do not usually change
a lot during the changes of season.
For this reason it is not common to find, for example, colors related to ice or snow for
represent winter, nor warm, orange colors to represent autumn. What's more, white and
Brown are classic fashion colors in those periods.

Spring Summer
Despite being the best defined seasons here in Latin America, the color trends of the
Summer and spring are still well marked by the influence of nature in the hemisphere.
north, where spring is usually the season of colors, and summer, of tones
vivid.
In this context, colorimetry appropriated the most countless color possibilities that it offers,
mainly, spring, to create a dynamic catalog full of liveliness; and also because
It is in these seasons that the temperature is higher and, consequently, people are more
PHOTOGRA
active.
PHY
FO
T ARCHITECTURAL
 PHOTOGRA
Architectural photography is When it comes to photographing
PHY
responsible for capturing and describing architecture, it is often thought that it may
buildings, constructions such as be a simple and superficial operation, but
bridges, etc. and other spaces created the reality is different.
by man. The union between Starting from the point that, in most cases,
photography and architecture is as old a building, a monument or an architectural
as the history of photography in its first work are elements that highlight
concept. When it comes to geometric and artistic perfection and even
photographing architecture, it is often have a story to tell, the image that you
thought that it may be a simple and want to immortalize must be capable of to
superficial operation, but the reality is transfer said message to the observed
different. one.

DISTANCE

In most cases, natural lighting is used. This is

obvious when we talk about portraying the exterior of a building, but in
Interior photography is also the most common.
 In the past, exposure periods were very long. In photography
of architecture may have been where it caused the least problems
This, unlike photography of people, since the building or the
construction is a static element and the photographs were
perfectly focused.
At the beginning of architectural photography, large format cameras
were used, where the image was seen inverted and the
photographer had to cover himself with a dark cloth to be able to see the
image in
Z the glass. In this way, the image was focused and then the film was inserted.
To correct perspective and obtain images of buildings where
lines were straight, the optical plane could be moved and tilted. This
In this way, shots of the exterior of the buildings were completely
vertical.
 PHOTOGRA
PHY

FROM THE CENTER OF VERACRUZ

Present with ease and wow any audience With Canva Presentations, you can
with Canva presentations. Choose from collaborate in real time with your teammates
more than a thousand professional templates or co-presenters. Share tasks and work
adapted for any objective or topic. simultaneously to create a powerful
Customize your template with your own text presentation.
and photos.
MARKE
TS
2022

veracruz
On Wednesday, June 1st, we visited the
hidalgo market and the old market with the aim
to observe its architecture and distribution
which is something you little notice in these
places. We walked through all the hallways of the
markets and we observe some details
such as there are no signs of
nothing and although it is divided into sections
such as a part of the greengrocer,
food stalls, butcher shop, there is no
signs where you specify where each is
section or what each section is about.

Small details that could be seen

to see how they can be used better
the spaces. I would change the distribution of the
place, putting more order. and would make a
 second floor since it has height
enough, so there would be more space in the
hallways because they are too small for the
people who circulate there.
MUSEU
MS A museum is a public institution or
private, permanent, with or without purposes of
profit, at the service of society and its
development, and open to the public, which acquires,
preserves , investigates , communicates , exposes or
exhibits, for study purposes and
education, art collections, scientific,
among others, always with a cultural value,
according to the International Council of Museums
Museums exhibit collections, that is,
sets of objects and information that
reflect some aspect of existence
human or its environment. This type of
collections, almost always valuable, exist
since ancient times

Zamora

Its route follows a

chronological sequence of the
city's history.

In its permanent exhibition rooms it

shows the historical development of
the city, based on texts, images,
PHOTOGRA
PHY

RESTAURANTS
A restaurant is a service establishment • Fast and casual food restaurant.
whose objective is to prepare and sell • Signature restaurant.
food and drinks to satisfy customers. • Gourmet restaurant.
Also, a restaurant is responsible for • Theme restaurant.
offering other amenities to customers,
such as table service, home delivery
service, optimal payment methods, and
more.
Types of restaurants you should know:
• Buffet restaurant.
• Fast food restaurant.
 PARKS
A park is a natural or semi-natural space natural that can be located inside a city or a town and is used as
a meadow, garden or trees for recreation and recreation of citizens. There are linear, urban, pocket parks,
sports units, squares and green areas.
According to the Royal Spanish Academy,
“park” in a town, is a space
which is dedicated to meadows, gardens and
wooded, with various ornaments, for the
recreation of its inhabitants.

volcanoes park
The park has 80% vegetation;
surrounded by trees, palms, grass, etc.
In addition to the fact that it is pet friendly and is
access is completely free although there are
food vendors and game rentals.
You have access to any part of it now
which is open.
 CHURCHES
The Church is called the group of faithful united by the same faith, and who celebrate the same doctrines.
religious. Also, it is the building that they consecrate to God and that they dedicate worship to him.
The Church is part of people's lives through its celebratory work and also in situations
of difficulty in which it offers comfort, hope and spiritual support.

In Christianity, a church (in

Greek: ἐ κκλησία, Ekklēsía «assembly»)
It is a temple intended for religious worship
public. Each building with that function
receives the same name as the
assembly or meeting of faithful who come
to him and that the ecclesiastical
institution, as well
like other meanings.

Spiritual and religious services

• Listen and provide spiritual
and emotional support.
• Accompany people who are in
crisis or grieving.
• Share prayer and sacraments,
and lead praise.
• Reflect and answer questions
about ethical concerns and
decisions.
 house of
the I
Located on the sand of a beach
Cádiz, the House of Infinity by Alberto
Campo
Baeza blends with the environment to
give all the prominence to the sea.
N
F
Alberto Campo Baeza built this
housing in infinite plane facing the sea
infinite at the edge of the ocean waters
Atlantic. This Cádiz building rises

I
as if it were a pier facing the sea, a
residence that faces the horizon
that traces the sea where the sun sets.
“We wanted this house to be capable not

N
just stopping time, but also
remain in memory and in the heart
Men's. The house of infinity”, explains
the architect about his project.

I
T
E
HEMEROSCOPIUM
HOUSE
This building, designed by architect Antón
García-Abril (Madrid, 1969) in the Madrid
town of Las Rozas, plays with structures
placed in an apparently unstable balance. The
order in which they are stacked creates a
helix and develops upwards into a sequence
of elements that become lighter as the
structure grows. The residence, designed by
the also architect of La Casa del Lector in
Matadero Madrid, becomes airy, light,
transparent and the space that is kept inside
flows with life. The apparent simplicity of
the structure's joints required the
development of complex calculations.
“It took us a year to design, but only seven
days to build the structure,” he explains.

The calculation of the structure took more than a year, on the contrary the construction and
assembly took only 7 days. The latter thanks to the prefabricated elements. The work was built
practically with concrete under criteria of economy and durability. Each room is designed to obtain
natural lighting, open to a patio and the central pool, which is planned as a central element in the
design. A second pool is located on the U-beam above ground level which meets the Olympic length.
On the other hand, the use of glass was designed to avoid visual barriers between interior and
exterior.
HOTEL
A hotel is a planned building and
conditioned to provide services
accommodation for people and that allows
visitors their movements. The
hotels provide guests with services
additional features such as restaurants,
swimming pools and
day care centers.
Hotels in the world are classified into
categories according to the level they offer, such
as
the degree of comfort, its gastronomy,
entertainment and positioning at the level
world. Each country classifies hotels
different ways, ranging from stars
even letters.
A hotel's rates depend on its services,
ratings, location and the popularity of its
brand; You will surely pay more for a stay
at the Hilton than at an unknown brand
hotel.
 MOTE
A motel (acronym for motorist hotel)

L
It is a characteristic accommodation
road, a hotel to rest
during a road trip. Usually
have one or two plants, and their

wWllllllWsa
rooms are accessed through a
long hallway from reception or
even exclusively from the
parking.
m. Public establishment, located
generally outside the cores
urban areas and in the vicinity of
roads, in which it is facilitated
accommodation in apartments with
independent entrances from the
exterior, and with garages or sheds
for cars, close or
adjacent to those.
They have food, bathrooms,
rooms, entertainment and
parking lot. It is an ideal space
For couples looking to get out of the
routine or do not have a space just for
they.