Solved physics exercises 1

1.- A particle of mass 5 kg, moving at 2 m/s, collides with another particle of mass 8 kg initially at
rest. If the collision is frontal and elastic, find the speed of each particle after the collision.

Elastic collision. Conservation of linear momentum. In an elastic collision there is no loss of kinetic
energy

2.- A nucleus U at rest divides into two fragments with masses of 140 and 90 amu The Q of the
reaction is 190 MeV. (a mega M is 106 times). Data: 1 amu=1.66 10 -27 kg, 1eV=1.6 10 -19 J.
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3.- A body of mass 5 kg moves on a smooth table with a speed of 10 m/s and collides with
another body of mass 10 kg, which is moving in a direction perpendicular to the previous one with
a speed of 5 m/s. After the collision, both blocks remain united and move together. Calculate:

 The speed of both after the collision.

 The direction of your speed.
 The loss of kinetic energy in the collision

4.- A particle of mass 0.2 kg moving at 0.4 m/s collides with another particle of mass 0.3 kg that
is at rest. After the collision the first particle moves at 0.2 m/s in a direction that makes an angle
of 40º with the original direction.

 Find the speed of the second particle.

 The Q of the process.
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5.- A particle of mass 4 kg and speed 2 m/s collides with another particle of 3 kg that is at rest.
The first deviates –45º from the initial direction and the second 30º.

 Calculate the velocities of both particles after the collision.

 Is it elastic?
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6.- Three particles A, B and C of masses m A = m B = m and m C = 2 m , respectively, are moving

with velocities whose direction is indicated in the figure and of value v A = v B = v and vC = 2v .

They head towards the origin of the coordinate system they arrive at at the same instant. When A
and B collide, they adhere and leave in the indicated direction with speed v /2.

Determine:

 The speed and direction that particle C leaves.

 Is it an elastic shock? Reason your answer
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7.- The spheres in the figure have masses m A = 20 g, m B = 30 g and m C = 50 g. They move
toward the origin on a frictionless table with velocities v A = 1.5 m/s and v B = 0.5 m/s. The three
spheres arrive at the origin simultaneously.

 How much does v C have to be (module and direction) so that the masses remain at the
origin, without moving, after the collision?

Has kinetic energy been lost in the collision? If so, how much
Solved physics exercises 1
 Solved physics exercises 1

8.- A particle of mass 5 kg moving at 2 m/s collides with another particle of mass 8 kg initially at
rest. If the first particle deviated 50º from the original direction of motion. Find the speed of each
particle after the collision. The collision is assumed to be elastic
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9.- The figure shows the result of the collision between two disks of masses m and 2
m . The first disk has a speed of 2 m/s and the second is initially at rest. Calculate the
velocities (modules) v 1 and v 2 of the disks after the collision. Check if it is elastic or
not.

10.- A bullet of mass 50 g is embedded in a wooden block of mass 1.2 kg that is suspended from
a rope 2 m long. It is observed that the center of mass of the block and the bullet rises 40 cm.
Find the modulus of the speed of the bullet.
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11.- A bullet of mass 50 g passes through a block of wood of mass 1 kg, which is suspended from
a rope 2 m long. It is observed that the center of mass of the block rises 50 mm.

 Find the magnitude of the speed of the bullet when it leaves the block, knowing that the
magnitude of its speed before impact was 500 m/s.

Neglect the loss of mass of the block due to the hole produced by the bullet.
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12.- A 20 g bullet whose speed is 600 m/s collides with a 1 kg

block, which hangs from a weightless thread 1 m long, embedding
itself in the block. Calculate:

 The velocity immediately after the collision of the block-

bullet assembly.
 The tension of the thread when the assembly passes
through the highest part of its path (if it passes at all).

13.- A 200 g bullet collides with a 1.5 kg block hanging from a weightless
rope 0.5 m long, embedding itself in the block. This device is called a
ballistic pendulum.
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 Answer the following questions: What must be the speed of the bullet for the pendulum to
deviate 30º?
 Determine the tension of the string at the highest point of the circular path, when the speed of
the bullet is 45 m/s.
 Will the block describe a circular motion when the speed of the bullet is 40 m/s? Reason your
answer. If not, determine its angular displacement.
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14.- The simple pendulum in the figure consists of a point mass m

1 =20 kg, tied to a massless string of length 1.5 m. It is dropped
from position A. Upon reaching the lowest point of its trajectory,
point B, a perfectly elastic collision occurs with another mass m 2
=25 kg, which is at rest in that position on a horizontal surface
without friction. As a consequence of the collision, the mass m 1
rebounds until it reaches position C at height h above the ground.
Determine

 The speed of m 1 upon reaching position B before the

collision and the tension of the rope at that instant.
 The velocities of m 1 and m 2 after the collision.
 The height h to which the mass m 1 rises after the collision
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15.- Two ivory balls of masses m and 2 m respectively are

suspended from two inextensible threads 1 m long.

We separate the ball of mass m from its equilibrium position by 60º,

keeping the thread extended and in the same vertical plane as the
other thread. We release it and it collides elastically with the 2 m ball of
mass.

You are asked to calculate:

 The speed of both balls immediately after the collision.

 The maximum heights they will ascend to after the crash.
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16.- A bullet of mass 0.3 kg and unknown speed collides

with a 4 kg bag suspended from a rope 0.5 m long and at
rest. After the impact, the bag rises until the rope makes an
angle of 30º with the vertical, meanwhile the bullet
describes a parabola, with the point of impact at a horizontal
distance of 20 m and 1.5 m below. Calculate:

 The speed of the bag and the speed of the bullet

immediately after the collision
 The speed of the bullet before the collision and the
energy lost in it
 The tension of the rope when it is 10º with the
vertical
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17.- A grenade moving horizontally with respect to the ground at 8 km/s explodes, dividing into
three equal fragments. One leaves in a horizontal direction (the same direction that the grenade
carried) at 16 km/s. The second fragment emerges upwards forming an angle of 45º and the third
fragment downwards forming an angle of 45º.

 Find the speed of the second and third fragment

 Find the Q of the explosion ( Q=ΔE c )
 Knowing that the grenade was 100 m above the ground when the explosion occurred, find
the range of each of the fragments.
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18.- A 10 g bullet is embedded in a 990 g block that rests on a

frictionless horizontal surface, subject to a spring of constant
k=800 N/m, as seen in the figure. The impact compresses the
spring 15 cm.

Calculate

 The velocity of the block + bullet set just after the collision
 The speed of the bullet before the collision.
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19.- A bullet of mass 0.2 kg and speed 50 m/s collides with a block of mass 10 kg, embedding in
it. The block is attached to a spring of constant 1000 N/m, and the coefficient of friction between
the block and the horizontal plane is 0.1. Calculate:

 The velocity of the bullet-block assembly immediately after the collision.

 The maximum deformation of the spring.

20.- A block of mass m 1 = 1 kg collides with another block

that is at rest of mass m 2 = 2 kg, located in the position
indicated in the figure. The velocity of the first block
immediately before the collision is v 1 = 5 m/s.

Knowing that the collision is elastic and that we can

consider the masses as point, calculate the speed of the
two masses immediately after the collision.

Taking into account that the friction coefficient between the

plane and the bodies is μ = 0.1, calculate:

 The maximum spring compression (of constant k = 1000 N/m) produced per m 2 .
 The distance traveled m 1 until stopping
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21.- A bullet of 0.2 kg and speed u = 50 m/s collides

with a 9.8 kg block, embedding itself in it. The block is
attached to a spring of constant k =1000 N/m.
Calculate.

 The velocity v 0 of the bullet-block assembly

after the collision.
 The amplitude, period, initial phase of the MAS
that describes the bullet-block assembly.
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22.-A vertical spring with a constant k=1000 N/m supports a plate of mass 2
kg.

 How much the spring x0 has been deformed.

 From a height of 5 m with respect to the plate, a body of mass 4 kg
is dropped and adheres to the plate.
 What is the velocity v of the body-plate assembly immediately after
the collision?
 The spring is compressed.
 What is the maximum compression of the xmax spring?
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 It is advisable to take the initial position of the end of the spring without deforming as zero potential energy.

23.- A vertical spring with constant k =1000 N/m supports a

plate of mass 4 kg. A 2 kg ball is dropped from a height of 5 m
above the plate and collides elastically.
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Calculate the maximum deformation of the spring and the maximum height to which the ball will
rise after the collision. ( g =10 m/ s2 )

24.- A ball of mass M =0.2 kg is placed on a column 5

m high above the ground. A bullet of m = 0.01 kg is
fired horizontally with a speed of 500 m/s and passes
through the center of the ball. The ball falls to the
ground at a distance of 20 m from the column. ( g =10
m/ s2 )

 How far will the bullet hit the ground after the
collision?
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 How much of the bullet's kinetic energy has been converted to heat as the bullet passes
through the ball?

25.- A grenade of mass m is fired with a speed of 600

m/s making an angle of 60° with the horizontal. Upon
reaching the maximum height, the grenade explodes,
dividing into two equal fragments. One of these
fragments falls vertically.

 Determine the scope of the second fragment

Solved physics exercises 1