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Resource Development and Conservation

class 10th geography notes sst resources and development printing purpose notes(with white bg) see my other uploads for digitally reading version

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27 views11 pages

Resource Development and Conservation

class 10th geography notes sst resources and development printing purpose notes(with white bg) see my other uploads for digitally reading version

Uploaded by

PTP
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
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RESOURCES

Made By PTP
RESOURCES AND DEVELOPMENT

Everything available in our environment which can be used to


satisfy our needs, provided, it is technologically accessible,
economically feasible and culturally acceptable can be
termed as 'Resource‘.
Human beings interact with nature through technology and
create institutions to accelerate their economic development.

Types of Resources:-
ON THE BASIS OF ORIGIN
ON THE BASIS OF EXHAUSTIBILITY
ON THE BASIS OF OWNERSHIP
ON THE BASIS OF THE STATUS OF DEVELOPMENT
Resources = Value + Utility
Physical Environment
(Nature)

Human Beings

Technology Institutions
Types of resources on the basis of origin:-

Biotic Resources - obtained from biosphere and have


life such as human beings, flora and fauna, fisheries
and livestock etc.

Abiotic resources - things which are composed of non-


living things are called abiotic resources.
Example:- rocks and metals.
Types of resources on the basis of exhaustibility:-

Renewable Resources - the resources which can be


renewed or reproduced by physical, chemical or
mechanical processes are known as renewable or
replenishable resources.
Example- solar & wind energy, water, forests & wildlife
etc. Renewable Resources

Continuous or flow Biological


e.g. wind, water
Natural Vegetation Wildlife
(Forests)

Non - renewable Resources- exhaustible resources are


substances whose stock decrease and gradually
disappear with use. Their quantities are more or less
fixed because their formation takes millions of years.
Example- fossil fuels and minerals.
Types of resources on the basis of ownership:-

Individual Resources - these are owned privately


by individuals. There are people with land
ownership. Some own plots, houses and other
properties. Plantation, pasture lands are some of
the examples of resources owned by individuals.

Community Owned Resources - The resources


which are accessible to al the member of the
community are known as community owned
resources. E.g..:- grazing grounds, burial grounds,
village ponds, public parks, picnic spots,
playgrounds.
National Resources - technically, all the resources
belong to nation. All the minerals, water
resources, forests, wildlife, land within the
political boundaries and oceanic area up to 12
nautical miles (22.2 km) from the coast turned as
territorial water and resources therein belong to
the nation.

International Resources - the oceanic resources


beyond 200 nautical miles of the Exclusive
Economic Zone belong to open ocean and no
individual country can utilize these without the
concurrence of international institutions.
Types of resources on the basis of the status of
development:-

Potential Resources - Resources which are found in a


region, but have not been utilized. E.g..:- Rajasthan and
Gujarat have enormous potential for the development
of wind and solar energy, but so far these have not
been developed properly.

Developed resources - resources which are surveyed


and their quality and quantity have been determined
for utilization.

Stock - Materials in the environment which have the


potential to satisfy human needs but human beings do
not have the appropriate technology to access these,
are stock.

Reserves - reserves are the subset of stock, which


can be put into use with the help of existing technical
'know - how' but their use has not been started.
Development of Resources:-
Problems caused by indiscriminate use of
resources by human beings-

• Depletion of resources for satisfying the greed


of few individuals.

• Accumulation of resources in few hands.

• Indiscriminate exploitation of resources has led


to global ecological crisis such as, global
warming, ozone layer depletion, environmental
pollution and land degradation.

Resource planning is essential for


substantial existence and development.
Sustainable development means development
without damaging the environment and development in
the present should not compromise with the needs of
the future generations.
Substantial existence is one of its components.

In June 1992, more than 100 heads of states met in Rio


de Janeiro in Brazil for the first International Earth
Summit. It was convened for addressing urgent
problems of environment and socio - economic
protection and development.
Leaders signed Declaration on Global Climatic Change
and Biological Diversity and adopted Agenda 21.

Every local govt. To combat environmental


should draw its own damage, poverty, disease
local Agenda 21. through global co – operation
on common interests, mutual
needs and shared
responsibilities.
Resource Planning
involves:-
i. Identification and inventory of resources
across the regions of the country. Involves –
surveying, mapping and qualitative and
quantitative estimation & measurement of the
resources.
ii. Evolving a planning structure endowed with
appropriate technology, skill and institutional
set up for implementing resource
development plans.
iii. Matching the resource development plans
with overall national development plans.

Resources can contribute to development only


when they are accompanied by appropriate
technological development and institutional
changes. In India quality of human resources and
the historical experiences of the people also
matters.
Conservation of Resources –
Irrational consumption and over – utilization
of resources may lead to socio – economic
and environmental problems.
∴ Resource conservation is important.

Steps taken for conservation of resources at


global level :-

i. 1968 - The club of Rome


ii. 1974 - Book - Small is Beautiful
iii. 1987 - concept of Sustainable
development was introduced. Later Book -
Our Common Future
iv. 1992 - Rio de Janeiro, Brazil - Earth
Summit

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