Chemical Processes in Engineering
Translated by
ScribdTranslationsChemical Processes in Engineering
Translated by
ScribdTranslationsPRIVATE UNIVERSITY OF TACNA
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
ESC. PROF. INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING
OPERATIONS AND UNIT PROCESSES (OPU)
CHEMICAL PROCESSES
By Sebastian Gonzalo Quispe Ponce
Code: 2018000446
INTRODUCTION
Chemical processes are considered as unitary processes in the transformation of raw
materials, as in the case of chemical industries, they allow raw materials from nature
to be transformed into more elaborate products in which every large-scale industry
seeks methods to use, the yields of the reactions, such as the stoichiometric factors of
the reactions and as well as thermodynamic and kinetic factors. In which key
knowledge is required such as mass and molar density, volume, temperature,
pressure.
KEY CONCEPTS
Density, temperature, composition...
We are clear that density is one of the physical properties in which there is a
relationship between mass and its volume.
Another key foundation of chemical processes in this case would be temperature. If we
ask ourselves the importance of the thermal evaluation of chemical processes within
an industry in which it is related to temperature since it consists of carrying out a
thermal study of the reactions associated with the system in which we can determine
essential parameters for determining the criticality of the Some of the process
parameters would be: what temperature would the reaction mass reach based on the
energy; in which case unwanted reactions may occur
The chemical composition of a mixture of substances indicates the proportions in each
of the components that make up the mixtures in which they are; mass fraction, mole
fraction, volumetric fraction in which in this case a binary mixture is considered and
the volumetric percentage to indicate the general composition of gaseous mixtures
and liquid solutions.
We also have stoichiometry, which is responsible for studying the proportions in which
the compounds involved in a chemical reaction combine with each other.
The importance of stoichiometry and reactions is that the entire chemical part and all
industrial processes work with them since they are involved in the manufacturing or
preparation of products.
PRIVATE UNIVERSITY OF TACNA
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
ESC. PROF. INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING
COMBUSTION
Also considered a chemical process, it consists of rapid oxidation that is accompanied
by the release of low energy in the form of heat and light.
Combustion types:
Combustion with air deficiency
Combustion with excess air
Complete combustion
Incomplete combustion
Combustion stoichiometry
When we talk about combustion reaction, it is the peculiarity that it takes place very
quickly, in that this reaction occurs between the elements of a fuel and the oxygen of
the oxidizer (substance that provides oxygen so that the fuel undergoes oxidation).
industrial processes
The manufacture of cement in which we have limestone whose components are
calcium carbonate and to a lesser extent magnesium carbonate, which is the main
material of cement. In that we can determine that chemical processes are all things
that are manufactured with a process, in which the reactants are transformed into
products and economic benefit. In that from the raw material to the obtaining of the
product there is a series of stages in which the domination of unit operations is low, in
which those stages where chemical reactions are carried out will require their kinetic
study; in that within a reaction there is always one reagent that will react completely
and another that, on the contrary, will not react. There are many physical and chemical
factors involved in a chemical process. The manufacture of glass is an amorphous solid
that does not have a molecular arrangement pattern in that it is considered a
supercooled liquid in that it is composed of silicon oxide.
CONCLUSION
Chemical processes are all things that are made with a process. The chemical industry
deals with the extraction of raw materials, both natural and synthetic, and their
transformation into other substances with different characteristics originally to satisfy
the needs of people, improving their quality of life. Its main objective is to produce a
good quality product at the lowest possible cost, and trying to cause the least possible
damage to the environment.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Fundamentals of chemical processes by Andres Felipe Rojas Gonzales
Elemental principles of the chemical processes of Felder and Rousseau