1

MUMBAI UNIVERSITY
SEMESTER-1
ENGINEERING MECHANICS SOLVED PAPER-MAY 2017

N.B:-(1)Question no.1 is compulsory.

(2)Attempt any 3 questions from remaining five questions.
(3)Assume suitable data if necessary,and mention the same clearly.
(4)Take g=9.81 m/s2,unless otherwise specified.

Q.1(a) In the rocket arm shown in the figure the moment of ‘F’ about ‘O’ balances
that P=250 [Link] F. (4 marks)
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Solution :
Given : P = 250 N
To find : Magnitude of force F
Solution :

𝟏
tan 𝛂 = 𝟐

= 0.5
𝛂 = 26.5651o
𝐷𝐸 𝐷𝐸 3
tan θ = 𝐴𝐷 = 𝐵𝐶 = 4 = 0.75

θ = 36.87o
∠CBD = ∠PBD = θ = 36.87o
∠CBP=2 θ = 2 x 36.87 = 73.74o
It is given that at O the moment of F about O balances the moment of P
Fcos α x OA = Psin2 θ x OB
Fcos26.5651 x 6 = 250sin 73.74 x 5
F=223.6068 N

Magnitude of force F= 223.6068 N

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Q.1(b) State Lami’s theorem.

State the necessary condition for application of Lami’s theorem. (4 marks)

Answer :
Lami's theorem states that if three forces acting at a point are in equilibrium, each force
is proportional to the sine of the angle between the other two forces.

According to Lami’s theorem, the particle shall be in equilibrium if :

𝑨 𝑩 𝑪
= =
𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝛂 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝛃 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝛄

The conditions of Lami’s theorem are:

(1)Exact 3 forces must be acting on the body.

(2)All the forces should be either converging or diverging from the body.
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Q.1(c)A homogeneous cylinder 3 m diameter and weighing 400 N is resting on two rough
inclined surface’s [Link] the angle of friction is [Link] couple C applied to the cylinder
that will start it rotating clockwise. (4 marks)

Solution :
Given : Angle of friction is 15o
µ = tan 15 = 0.2679
Radius = 1.5 m

To find : Couple C

Solution:
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F1=µN1=0.2679N1 ………………….(1)
F2=µN2=0.2679N2 …………..……….(2)
Assuming the body is in equilibrium
ΣFx=0
F1cos40+N1sin40+F2cos60-N2sin60=0
N1(0.2679cos40 + sin40)+N2(0.2679cos60-sin60)=0 …………(3)

ΣFy=0
-F1sin40+N1cos40+F2sin60+N2cos60-400=0
N1(-0.2679sin40+cos40)+N2(0.2679sin60+cos60)=400 ………..(4)

Solving (3) and (4)

N1=277.4197 N and N2=321.3785 N

Substituting N1 and N2 in (1 and 2)

F1=0.2679 x 277.4197 = 74.3344 N
F2=0.2679 x 321.3785 = 86.1131 N …….(5)
C is the couple required to rotate the cylinder clockwise
C=F1 x r + F2 x r
= 240.6712 Nm(clockwise) (r=1.5 m)(From 5)

The couple C required to rotate the cylinder clockwise is 240.6712 Nm(clockwise)

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Q.1(d) From (v-t) diagram find

(1) Distance travelled in 10 second.
(2) Total distance travelled in 50 second.
(3) Retardation (4 marks)

Solution:
We know that the area under v-t graph gives the distance travelled
DISTANCE TRAVELLED IN 0 TO 10 sec = A(△OAB)
1
= x OA x AB
2
1
= 2 x 10 x 10

= 50 m

DISTANCE TRAVELLED IN 0 TO 50 sec = A(Trapezium OBDE)

1
= x (OE+BD) x AB
2
1
= x (50+10) x 10
2

= 300 m
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CONSIDER THE MOTION FROM 20 sec TO 50 sec

We know that slope of v-t graph gives acceleration
E=(50,0) and D=(20,10)
0−10 −1
Slope of line DE= 50−20 = = -0.3333 m/s2
3

Distance travelled by object in 10 sec = 50 m

Distance travelled by object in 50 sec = 300 m
Acceleration = - 0.3333 m/s2

Q1(e) )Blocks P1 and P2 are connected by inextensible [Link] velocity of block

P1,if it falls by 0.6 m starting from rest.
The co-efficient of friction is [Link] pulley is frictionless. (4 marks)

Solution:
Given : P1 falls by 0.6 m starting from rest
µ = 0.2

To find : Velocity of block P1

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Solution :
Consider the motion of block P2
Weight of motion P2 = 8 N
𝟖
Mass of P2 = 𝒈

P2 has no vertical motion

ΣFy = 0
N2 – 8 = 0
N2 = 8 N
F2 = µN2
= 1.6 N
Consider the horizontal motion
ΣFx = m2a
T - F2 = m2a
8
T = 1.6 + 𝑔a ……………(1)

For block P1
Weight of P1 = 4 N
𝟒
Mass of P1 = 𝒈 ……….(2)

For downward motion

ΣFy = m1a
4-T = m1a
8 𝟒
4 - 1.6 - 𝑔a = 𝒈 a (From 1 and 2)

a = 1.962 m/s2
v2 = u2 + 2as
u = 0 and s = 1.6 m
Substituting the values in equation
v = 1.5344 m/s
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Velocity of block P1=1.5344 m/s (towards down)

Q2(a) Compute the resultant of three forces acting on the plate shown in the figure.
Locate it’s intersection with AB and BC. (6 marks)

Solution :
Given : Various forces acting on a body
To find : Resultant of the forces and intersection of resultant with AB and BC
Solution :
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In △ AFG ,
𝐴𝐺 𝐷𝐸 3
tanα = 𝐴𝐹 = 𝐵𝐻 = = 1.5
2

α = tan-1(1.5) = 56.31o

In △DAE,
𝐷𝐸 𝐷𝐸 3
tan θ = 𝐴𝐷 = 𝐵𝐶 =4 = 0.75

θ = tan-10.75 = 36.87o

In △DHC
𝐷𝐶 6
tanβ = 𝐻𝐶 = 2 = 3

β = tan-1(3)
β = 71.565o
Assume R be the resultant of the forces
ΣFx = -722cos α + 1000cos θ + 632cos β
= 599.3624 N
ΣFy = -722sin α - 1000sin θ + 632sin β
= -601.1725 N

R=√(ΣFx)2 + (Σ𝐹𝑦)2

R=√(599.3624)2 + (−601.1725)2
R=848.9073 N

ΣFy
ϕ = tan-1(ΣFx )
−601.1725
= tan-1( 599.3624 )

= 45.0863o (in fourth quadrant)

Let R cut AB and BC at points M and N respectively
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Draw AL ⊥ R
Taking moments about point A
MA = 632 sin β x AD -722cos α x AG
= 632 x sin71.565o x 4 – 722cos56.31o x 3
=1196.7908 Nm
Applying Varigon’s theorem
MA = R x AL
1196.7908 = 848.9073 x AL
AL=1.4098 m
In △AML,
𝐴𝐿
cos Ф = 𝐴𝑀
1.4098
cos 45.0863 = 𝐴𝑀

AM = 1.9967 m
MB = AB - AM
= 6 - 1.9967
= 4.0033 m
In △BMN
𝐵𝑀
tan Ф = 𝐵𝑁
4.0033
tan 45.0863 = 𝐵𝑁

BN = 3.9912 m
R=848.9073 N (45.0863o in fourth quadrant)

Resultant force intersects AB and BC at M and N such that AM=1.9967 m and

BN=3.9912 m
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Q.2(b) Two cylinders 1 and 2 are connected by a rigid bar of negligible weight hinged
to each cylinder and left to rest in equilibrium in the position shown under the
application of force P applied at the center of cylinder 2.
Determine the magnitude of force [Link] the weights of the cylinders 1 and 2 are 100N
and 50 N respectively. (8 marks)

Solution :
Given : W1 = 100 N
W2 = 50 N
Cylinders are connected by a rigid bar

To find : Magnitude of force P

Solution :
Consider cylinder I
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Applying Lami’s theorem :

𝑹 𝑾 𝑵 𝟏
= = 𝐬𝐢𝐧(𝟗𝟎+𝟏𝟓)
𝐬𝐢𝐧(𝟗𝟎+𝟑𝟎) 𝐬𝐢𝐧(𝟔𝟎+𝟕𝟓)

100
R = sin 135 x sin 120

R = 122.4745 N

Cylinder 2 is under equilibrium

Applying conditions of equilibrium

ΣFy = 0
N2sin45 - Rsin15 - Psin45 – W = 0
N2sin45 - Psin45 = 122.4745 x 0.2588 + 50
N2sin45 - Psin45 = 81.6987 ………..(1)
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Applying conditions of equilibrium

ΣFx = 0
-N2cos45+Rcos15-Pcos45=0
N2cos45+Pcos 45=118.3013 ……(2)

Solving (1) and (2)

P=25.8819 N

Magnitude of force P required = 25.8819 N

Q.2(c) Just before they collide,two disk on a horizontal surface have velocities shown
In figure.
Knowing that 90 N disk A rebounds to the left with a velocity of 1.8 m/[Link]
the rebound velocity of the 135 N disk [Link] the impact is perfectly elastic.
(6 marks)
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Solution :
Given : WA = 90N
WB = 135 N
Taking velocity direction towards right as positive and towards left as negative
Initial velocity of disk A= 3.6 m/s
Final velocity of disk A=-1.8 m/s
Initial velocity of disk B= 3 m/s

To find : Rebound velocity of disk B

Solution :
90
mA = kg
𝑔

135
mB = kg
𝑔

Consider the X and Y components of uB

uBX = -uBcos35 = -2.4575 m/s
uBY = -uBsin35 = -1.7207 m/s

APPLYING LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MOMENTUM :

mAuA + mBuB = mAvA + mBvB
90 135 90 135
x 3.6 + x (-2.4575) = x (-1.8) + x vBX
𝑔 𝑔 𝑔 𝑔

vBX = 1.1425 m/s

As the impact takes place along X-axis,the velocities of two disks remains same along Y-
axis
vBY = uBY = -1.7207 m/s

v = √(𝑣𝐵𝑋 )2 + (𝑣𝐵𝑌 )2

v = √1.14252 + (−1.7207)2
v = 2.0655 m/s
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−1.7207
α = tan-1( 1.1425 )

α = 56.4169o

VELOCITY OF DISK B AFTER IMPACT = 2.0655 m/s (56.4169o in fourth

quadrant)

Q.3(a) Find the centroid of the shaded portion of the plate shown in the figure.
(8 marks)

Solution :
Y = X is the axis of symmetry
The centroid would lie on this line
[Link]. PART AREA(in mm2) X co- Ax(mm3)
ordinate(mm)
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1. RECTANGLE =1000 X 1000 1000

= 500
2
=1000000 500000000
2. TRIANGLE (to 1 750
2
X 750 X 750 1000 –
3
be removed) -210937500
= -281250 = 750
3. QUARTER 𝜋𝑟 2 4 𝑋 750
3𝜋
CIRCLE (To be 4 -140625000
removed)
= 3141.5926
= 441786.4669
TOTAL
276963.4669 148437500
ΣAx 148437500
𝑋̅ = = 276963.5331 = 535.946 mm
ΣA

𝑦̅ = 𝑋̅ = 535.946 mm

CENTROID IS AT (535.946,535.946)mm

Q.3(b) Co-ordinate distance are in m units for the space frame in figure.
There are 3 members AB,AC and [Link] is a force W=10 kN acting at A in a
vertically upward direction.
Determine the tension in AB,AC and AD. (6 marks)

Solution :
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Given : A = (0,24,0)
B = (0,0,-7)
C = (8,0,8)
D = (-12,0,8)

To find : Tension in AB,AC and AD.

Solution :
Assume 𝑎̅,𝑏̅,𝑐̅,𝑑̅ be the position vectors of points A,B,C,D with respect to origin O.
̅̅̅̅ ̅ = 24j̅
𝑶𝑨 = 𝒂
𝑶𝑩 =̅̅̅
̅̅̅̅̅ ̅
𝒃 = -7𝒌
̅̅̅̅
𝑶𝑪 =̅= ̅
𝒄 8𝒊̅ + 8𝒌
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑶𝑫 = 𝒅̅ = -12𝒊̅ + 8𝒌
̅
−24j−7k
̅̅̅̅ =̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵 𝑏 – 𝑎̅ = -24j̅ - 7𝑘̅ Magnitude = 25 Unit vector = 25

8(i−3j+k)
𝐴𝐶 = 𝑐̅ – 𝑎̅ = 8(𝑖̅ -3j̅ +𝑘̅ )
̅̅̅̅ Magnitude= 8√11 Unit vector = 8√11

4(−3i−6j+2k)
̅̅̅̅̅= 𝑑̅ – 𝑎̅ = 4(-3𝑖̅ -6j̅ +2𝑘̅)
𝐴𝐷 Magnitude = 28 Unit vector = 28

Assume T1,T2 and T3 be the tensions along AB,AC and AD

−𝟐𝟒𝐣−𝟕𝐤
T1 = T1( )
𝟐𝟓

𝟖(𝐢−𝟑𝐣+𝐤)
T2 = T2( )
𝟖√𝟏𝟏

𝟒(−𝟑𝐢−𝟔𝐣+𝟐𝐤)
T3 = T3( )
𝟐𝟖

A force of 10kN is acting at point A in vertically upward direction

Applying conditions of equilibrium
10j̅ + T1 + T2 + T3 = 0
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−24j−7k 8(i−3j+k) 4(−3i−6j+2k)

-10j̅ = T1( ) + T2( ) + T3( )
25 8√11 28

−24j−7k 8(i−3j+k) 4(−3i−6j+2k)

0𝑖̅ -10j̅ +0𝑘̅= T1( )+ T2( )+ T3( )
25 8√11 28

Comparing both sides of equation

𝑇2 3𝑇3
- =0
√ 11 7

−24𝑇1 3𝑇2 6𝑇3

- - = -10
25 √11 7

−7𝑇1 𝑇2 2𝑇3
+ =0
25 √11 7

Solving the equations simultaneously

T1=5.5556 N
T2=3.0955 N
T3=2.1778

̅
TAB = -5.3333 j̅ - 1.5556𝒌
̅
TAC = 0.9333𝒊̅ - 2.8 j̅ + 0.9333𝒌
̅
TAD = -0.9333𝒊̅ -1.8667 j̅ + 0.6222𝒌
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Q.3(c) A 50 N collar slides without friction along a smooth and which is kept
inclined at 60o to the horizontal.
The spring attached to the collar and the support [Link] spring is unstretched when
the roller is at A(AC is horizontal).
Determine the value of spring constant k given that the collar has a velocity of 2.5
m/s when it has moved 0.5 m along the rod as shown in the figure. (6 marks)

Solution :

Given : W=50 N
AB = AC = 0.5 m

To find : Spring constant

Solution :
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50
Mass of collar = kg
𝑔

Let us assume that h = 0 at position 2

POSITION 1 :
x=0
1
Es1 = 2 x k x x12 = 0

h1 = 0.5sin60 = 0.433 m
PE1=mgh1=21.65 J
vA = 0 m/s
KE1 = 0J
POSITION II :
vB = 2.5 m/s
PE2 = mgh = 0 J (because h=0)
1 1 50
KE2 = 2 𝑋 𝑚 𝑣 2 = 2 𝑋 𝑋 2.52
𝑔

= 15.9276 J
In △ABC
Applying cosine rule
BC2 = AB2 + AC2 -2 X AB X AC X cos(BAC)
= 0.52 + 0.52 – 2 x 0.5 x 0.5 x cos120
= 0.75
BC = 0.866 m
Un-stretched length of the spring = 0.5 m
Extension of spring(x) = 0.866 - 0.5
=0.366 m
1
Es2 = 2 x k x22

= 0.067k

APPLYING WORK ENERGY PRINCIPLE

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U1-2 = KE2 - KE1

PE1 - PE2 + ES1 - ES2 = KE2 - KE1
21.6506-0+0-0.067K=15.9276-0
K = 85.4343 N/m

SPRING CONSTANT IS 85.4343 N/m

Q.4(a) A boom AB is supported as shown in the figure by a cable runs from C over a
small smooth pulley at D.
Compute the tension T in cable and reaction at [Link] the weight of the boom and
size of the pulley. (8 marks)

Solution :
Given : Beam AB is supported by a cable
To find : Tension T in cable
Reaction at A

Solution :
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2
tan α = 1

α = 63.4349o
4
tan θ = 3

θ = 53.13o

Assume HA and VA be the horizontal and vertical reaction forces at A

∠GCA = ∠BAF = θ

∠TCG = α

∠TCA = α + θ

= 63.4349o + 53.16o
= 116.5651o
∠TCB = 180o - 116.5651o

= 63.4349o
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AC = AE+EC = 0.6 + 0.6 = 1.2

AB = AC + CB = 1.2 + 0.6 = 1.8
AF = ABcos θ = 1.8cos53.13 = 1.08
AH = AEcos θ = 0.6cos53.13 = 0.36

BEAM AB IS INDER EQUILIBRIUM

Applying conditions of equilibrium
Σ MA = 0

-445 X AF – 890 X AH + Tsin63.4349 X AC = 0

T X 0.8944 X 1.2 = 445 X 1.08 + 890 X 0.36
T = 746.2877 N

Σ FX = 0

HA - Tcos63.4349 = 0
HA=333.75 N

Σ FY = 0

VA + Tsin63.4349 – 890 – 445 = 0

VA = 667.5 N

RA = √𝑯𝟐𝑨 + 𝑽𝟐𝑨

RA = √(333.75)2 + (667.5)2
RA = 746.2877 N
𝑉𝐴
Ф = tan-1 ( )
𝐻𝐴

667.5
Ф = tan-1( )
333.75
 25

Ф =63.4395o

Tension in cable = 746.2877 N (63.43949o in second quadrant)

Reaction at A = 746.2877 N (63.4395o in first quadrant)

Q.4(b) The acceleration of the train starting from rest at any instant is given by the
𝟖
expression a= where v is the velocity of train in m/s.
𝒗𝟐 +𝟏

Find the velocity of the train when its displacement is 20 m and its displacement
when velocity is 64.8 kmph. (6 marks)

Solution :
8
Given : a=𝑣 2 +1

To find : Velocity when displacement is 20 m

Displacement when velocity is 64.8 kmph.

Solution :
𝒅𝒗
a = v𝒅𝒙
𝑑𝑣 8
v 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑣 2+1

v(v2+1)dv = 8dx
Integrating both sides
∫ v(v2+1)dv = ∫ 8dx
𝑣4 𝑣2
+ = 8x + c ……….(1)
4 2

Multiplying by 4 on both sides

V4 + 2v2 = 32x + 4c
Substituting v=0 and x=0 in (1)
c=0
From (1)
 26

V4 + 2v2 = 32x ………….(2)

Case 1 : x=20 m
V4 + 2v2 = 32 x 20 ………(From 2)
V4 + 2v2 – 640 = 0
Solving the equation
V2 = 24.3180
V=4.9361 m/s

Case 2 : V=64.8 kmph(or v = 18 m/s)

184 + 2 x 182 = 32x …………..(From 2)
1.5624 = 32x
x = 3300.75 m

When displacement of train is 20 m,then velocity is 4.9361 m/s

When velocity of the train is 64.8 kmph,then its displacement is 3300.75m
 27

Q.4(c) Angular velocity of connector BC is 4 r/s in clockwise [Link] is the

angular velocities of cranks AB and CD? (6 marks)

Solution:
Given : Angular velocity of BC is 4 rad/s
To find : Angular velocity of AB and CD

Solution:
ICR is shown in the figure

USING GEOMETRY :
In △IAD
 28

∠A = ∠D = 60o
∠I=60o

△ IAD is equilateral

IA = ID = AD = 3 cm
IB + AB = IA
IB = 2 cm
Similarly,we can solve that IC = 1 cm
v = rω
vB = IB x ωBC=8 m/s
vC = IC x ωBC = 4 m/s
𝑣𝐵 8
ωAB = = 1 = 8 rad/s(Anti-clockwise)
𝐴𝐵
𝑣𝑐 4
ωDC = = 2 = 2 rad/s(Anti-clockwise)
𝐷𝐶

Angular velocity of AB=8 rad/s(Anti-clockwise)

Angular velocity of CD=2 rad/s(Anti-clockwise)
 29

Q.5(a) In the truss shown in figure,compute the forces in each member. (8 marks)

Solution :
We can say that FD,GH and CB are zero force members in the given truss
Joint A :

Applying the conditions of equilibrium

ΣFy=0
-1 – FAC sin30 = 0
FAC = -2kN
Applying the conditions of equilibrium
ΣFx = 0
FAB + FAC cos30 = 0
 30

FAB = 1.7321 Kn

JOINT C :

Applying the conditions of equilibrium

ΣFx = 0
FCE = FCA = -2kN

JOINT B :

Applying the conditions of equilibrium

ΣFy = 0
-1 - FBE sin60 = 0
FBE = -1.1547 kN
Applying the conditions of equilibrium
ΣFx = 0
-FBA + FBEcos60 + FBD = 0
FBD = 2.3094 kN
 31

JOINT D :

Applying the conditions of equilibrium

ΣFy = 0
-1 - FDEsin60 = 0
FDE = -1.1547 kN
Applying the conditions of equilibrium
ΣFx = 0
-FDB - FDEcos60 + FDG = 0
FDG = 1.7321 kN

JOINT E :

Applying the conditions of equilibrium

ΣFy = 0
FED + FEFcos30 + FEBsin30 = 0
1
FEFcos30 = -(-1.1547)-(-1.1547) x
2

FEF = 2kN
 32

Applying the conditions of equilibrium

ΣFx = 0
-FEC + FEH + FEFsin30 - FEBcos30 = 0
FEH = FEC - FEFsin30 + FEBcos30
FEH = -4kN

Joint F :

Applying the conditions of equilibrium

ΣFx = 0
FFG = FFE = -2kN

Final answer :
[Link]. MEMBER MAGNITUDE OF NATURE OF
FORCE (in kN) FORCE

1. AC 2 COMPRESSION

2. AB 1.7321 TENSION

3. CB 0 -

4. CE 2 COMPRESSION

5. BE 1.1547 COMPRESSION

6. BD 2.3094 TENSION

7. DE 1.1547 COMPRESSION
 33

8. DG 1.7321 TENSION

9. EF 2 TENSION

10. EH 4 COMPRESSION

11. FD 0 -

12 FG 2 COMPRESSION

13. GH 0 -

Q.5(b) Determine the speed at which the basket ball at A must be thrown at an angle
30o so that if makes it to the basket at B.
Also find at what speed it passes through the hoop. (6 marks)

Solution :
Given : θ=30o
To find : Speed at which basket ball must be thrown
Solution :
Assume that the basket ball be thrown with initial velocity u and it takes time t to reach B
 34

HORIZONTAL MOTION
Here the velocity is constant
8 = ucos30 x t
8 9.2376
t = 𝑢𝑐𝑜𝑠30 = ……..(1)
𝑢

vB = ucos30 (Since velocity is constant in horizontal motion) ………(2)

VERTICAL MOTION
Initial vertical velocity (uv) = usin30 =0.5u …….(3)
Vertical displacement(s) = 2.4 - 1.2 = 1.2
9.2376
t= 𝑢

Using kinematical equation :

1
s = ut + 2 x at2
𝑢 9.2376 1 9.2376 2
1.2 = 2 x - 2 x 9.81 x ( )
𝑢 𝑢

u2=122.4289
u=11.0648 m/s

uv=0.5u (From 3)
uv = 0.5 x 11.0648
= 5.5324 m/s
Using kinematical equation
vv2 = uv2 + 2as
vv2 = 5.53242 - 2 x 9.81 x 1.2
vv = 2.6622 m/s

vh = 11.0648cos30 = 9.5824 m/s (From 2)

vB = √𝑣𝑣2 + 𝑣ℎ2
vB = 9.9441 m/s
 35

2.6577
α = tan-1( )
9.5824

= 15.5015o

Speed at which the basket-ball at A must be thrown = 11.0648 m/s (30o in first
quadrant)
Speed at which the basket-ball passes through the hoop = 9.9441 m/s(15.5015o in
fourth quadrant)

Q.5(c) Figure shows a collar B which moves upwards with constant velocity of 1.5
m/[Link] the instant when θ=[Link] :
(i)The angular velocity of rod pinned at B and freely resting at A against 25o sloping
ground.
(ii)The velocity of end A of the rod. (6 marks)
 36

Solution:

ICR is shown in the given figure

BY USING GEOMETRY:
In △ABC
∠ABC = 50

∠ACB = 90

∠BAC = 40

∠CAV = 25

∠BAV = 40 – 25 = 15

IA ⊥ VA
∠IAB = 90 – 15 = 75

∠IBA = 90 – 50 = 40

In △IBA
∠BIA = 180 – 75 = 65

In △IBA
AB=1.2 m
APPLYING SINE RULE
𝑨𝑩 𝑰𝑩 𝑰𝑨
= = 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝑩
𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝑰 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝑨
1.2 𝐼𝐵 𝐼𝐴
= = sin 40
sin 65 sin 75
 37

IB=1.2789 m
IA=0.8511 m
Assume ωAB be the angular velocity of AB
𝑣𝐵 𝑣 1.5
ωAB = = 𝐼𝐵𝐵 = 1.2789 = 1.1728 rad/s
𝑟

vA = r x AB = IA x ωAB = 0.8511 x 1.7288 = 0.99825 m/s

Angular velocity of rod AB= 1.1728 rads (Anti-clockwise)

Instantaneous velocity of A = 0.9982 m/s( 25o in first quadrant)

Q.6(a) A force of 140 kN passes through point C (-6,2,2) and goes to point B (6,6,8).
Calculate moment of force about origin. (4 marks)

Solution :
Given : C (-6,2,2)
B (6,6,8)

To find : Moment of force about origin

Solution :
Assume 𝑏̅ and ̅𝑐 be the position vectors of points B and C respectively w.r.t O (0,0,0)
𝑂𝐵 = 𝑏̅ = 6𝑖̅ + 6𝑗̅ + 8𝑘̅
̅̅̅̅

𝑂𝐶 = -6𝑖̅ + 2𝑗̅ + 2𝑘̅

̅̅̅̅

𝐶𝐵 = (6 𝑖̅ + 6𝑗̅ + 8𝑘̅) - ( -6 𝑖̅ + 2𝑗̅ +𝑘̅)

̅̅̅̅

=2 (6 𝑖̅ +2𝑗̅+3𝑘̅)
̅̅̅̅| = 2 x√62 + 22 + 32
|𝐶𝐵
= 14
𝐶𝐵 6𝑖+2𝑗+3𝑘
̅̅̅̅̅=
Unit vector along 𝐶𝐵 =
|𝐶𝐵| 7
 38

6𝑖+2𝑗+3𝑘
̅̅̅̅ = 𝐹̅ = 140 x
Force along 𝐶𝐵 7

= 120 𝑖̅ +40𝑗̅+60𝑘̅
Moment of 𝐹̅ about O = ̅̅̅̅̅
𝑂𝐵 x 𝐹̅
𝑖 𝑗 𝑘
6 6 8
120 40 60

= 40 𝑖̅ + 600𝑗̅ - 480k

̅ kNm
Moment of F about C is 40 𝒊̅ + 600𝒋̅ - 480𝒌

Q.6(b) Refer to [Link] the co-efficient of friction is 0.60 for all contact surfaces and θ
= 30o,what force P applied to the block B acting down and parallel to the incline will
start motion and what will be the tension in the cord parallel to inclined plane attached
to A.
Take WA=120 N and WB=200 N. (8 marks)

Solution :
Given : : µ=0.6
θ = 30o
WA = 120 N
 39

WB = 200 N

To find : Force P
Solution :
F1 = µN1 = 0.6N1 ………(1)
F2 = µN2 = 0.6N2 ……….(2)

Consider FBD of block A

The block is considered to be in equilibrium

Applying conditions of equilibrium
ΣFy = 0
N1 - 120cos30 = 0
N1 = 103.923 N ……….(3)
From (1)
F1 = 0.6 x 103.923
= 62.3538 N
Applying conditions of equilibrium
ΣFx = 0
F1 + 120sin30 – T = 0
T = 122.3538 N
 40

Consider FBD of block B

Applying conditions of equilibrium
ΣFy = 0
N2 - N1 - 200cos30 = 0
N2 = 277.1281 N
F2 = 0.6 x 277.1281
= 166.2769 N From (2)
Applying conditions of equilibrium
ΣFx = 0
P - F1 - F2 + 200sin30 = 0
P = 128.6307 N

Force required on block B to start the motion is 128.6307 N

Tension T in the cord parallel to inclined plane attached to A=122.3538 N

Q.6(c) Determine the required stiffness k so that the uniform 7 kg bar AC is in

equilibrium when θ=30o.
Due to the collar guide at B the spring remains vertical and is unstretched when θ
= [Link] principle of virtual work. (4 marks)
 41

Solution:
Given : : Mass of bar AC = 7 kg
θ = 30o

To find : Required stiffness k

Solution:
Weight of rod = 7g N
Assume rod AC have a small virtual angular displacement 𝛿θ in anti-clockwise direction
Reaction forces HA and VA do not do any virtual work
Un-stretched length of the spring = BD
Extension of the spring (x) = CD = 2sin θ
Assume FS be the spring force at end C of the rod
FS = Kx = 2Ksin θ
Assume A to be the origin and AD be the X-axis of the system
Active force Co-ordinate of the point of Virtual Displacement
action along the force
W=7g -sin θ 𝛿yM=-cos θ 𝛿 θ
FS=2Ksin θ -2sin θ 𝛿yC’=-2cos θ 𝛿 θ

APPLYING PRINCIPLE OF VIRTUAL WORK

𝛿U = 0
-W X 𝛿YM + FS X 𝛿YC’ + 50 X 𝛿 θ = 0
2Ksin θ x (-2cos θ 𝛿 θ) = 7g x (-cos θ 𝛿 θ) - 50 x 𝛿 θ
Substituting the value of θ and solving
K=63.2025 Nm

The required stiffness K for bar AC to remain in equilibrium is 63.2025 Nm

 42

Q.6(d) The system in figure is initially at rest.

Neglecting friction determine the force P required if the velocity of the collar is 5 m/s
after 2 sec and corresponding tension in the cable. (4 marks)

Solution :
For block B
u=0
t=2s
v = 5m/s
𝟓−𝟎
a= = 2.5 m/s2 …………..(1)
𝟐

Assume the string across the two pulleys be of length L

Assume xA and xB be the displacements of block A and collar B respectively
Assume k1,k2 and k3 be the lengths of the string which remain constant irrespective of the
position of block A and block B
 43

k1 + xB + k2 + xB + k3 + xA = L
xA = L - k1 - k2 - k3 - 2xB
Differentiating with respect to time
vA = -2vB
Differentiating with respect to time one again
aA = -2aB
Considering only magnitude
aA = 2aB
aA = 2 x 2.5
= 5 m/s2 ………..(2) (From 1)
Weight of block A(WA) = mAg
= 14.715 N
Assume T to be the tension in the string
Consider the vertical motion of block A
F.B.D of block A

ΣFy = mAaA
T – WA = mAaA
T - 14.715 = 1.5 x 5
T = 22.215 N …………..(3)
 44

Consider the horizontal motion of collar B

F.B.D of collar B

ΣFx = mBaB
P - 2T = mBaB
P - 2x22.215 = 3x2.5
P = 51.93 N

Force P required = 51.93 N

Tension in the cable = 22.215 N