Made By:
Edward Justine C. Torres
DEFINITION OF TERMS MEDIA
TEXT anything that convey information
any representation of language (e.g. radio, tv, internet,
to convey information newspaper, magazines, phones)
is a form of communication
INFORMATION
COMMUNICATION any data, knowledge, experience,
exchange of information between ideas, messages, and facts
individuals and/or groups through obtained from investigation,
a common system of symbols, study, or instruction.
signs, or behaviour.
TWO FORMS OF COMMUNICATION: LITERACY
Verbal Communication the ability to read and write,
involves language and
words whether spoken MEDIA AND INFORMATION
(oral) or written; it can LITERACY
also be printed or digital.
The capacity to understand
Non-Verbal Communication different forms of media and
does not involve spoken or information that you encounter,
written languages. as well as the capability to
(e.g. facial expressions, create your own media and
gestures, body language, information.
proxemics, touch, A “combination of knowledge,
appearance, paralanguage) attitudes, skills and practices
required to access, analyse,
Edward’s Notes
evaluate, use, produce, and Usually contains these components:
communicate information and sender, message, channel, receiver,
knowledge in creative, legal feedback, noise
and ethical ways that respect Communication Models Common
human rights” (Moscow Components
Declaration on Media and
Sender – creates and encodes
Information Literacy, 2012)
message
Message – info to be conveyed
REMEMBER:
Channel – method of communication
Media communicates information
Literacy understands and Receiver – decodes and
creates media and information interprets message
Feedback – response of the
receiver
Communication Models Noise – anything that can disrupt
Simple representations of the process communication or alter the message
of communication:
Classifications of Communication
Models
Linear Communication Model
describes communication as a
COMMUNICATION MODELS one-way process
no feedback loop
Edward’s Notes
sender may not know if physical and psychological
message was received or not contexts (Schramm, 1997)
QUESTIONS IN INTERACTIVE MODEL:
Who is the sender?
Who is the receiver?
What are the messages?
What channel is used?
Interaction / Interactive Was there noise?
Model Was there feedback?
Two-way process
Participants alternate between
the positions of sender and
receiver
One message is sent and
received, then another is
returned as feedback
Usually occurs in sequence
(step by step) Transaction Model
Sending and receiving
A process in which messages is simultaneous
participants alternate (unlike interactive model which
positions as sender and is sequential)
receiver and generate meaning Constant feedback can allow
by sending messages and participants to adjust their
receiving feedback within message
Edward’s Notes
accordingly
Can be used to describe how
listeners use non-verbal
communication to give feedback
SUMMARY
Linear – one-way; focuses on
sender
Interactive – two-way; feedback
between participants is sequential
Transactional – two-way;
simultaneous feedback
Edward’s Notes
THE EVOLUTION OF MEDIA 2. PRINT AND MASS MEDIA ERA
Prehistoric and Oral Tradition Era ”The Gutenberg Revolution”
Print and Mass Media Era
seal stamps and woodblocks for
Broadcast and Electronic Era
printing
Digital and Information Era
Printing Press invented by
1. PREHISTORIC AND ORAL Johannes Gutenberg
TRADITION ERA Gutenberg Bible
“The Dawn of Human Communication”
Between around 1400CE and 1900CE
communication before written Started with the invention of the
records include: Printing press by Johannes
Oral Tradition Gutenberg
o early humans relied mostly on Mass produced printed materials
spoken words, storytelling, encouraged literacy among lower
and oral traditions class people
Examples:
Biag ni Lam-ang 3. BROADCAST AND ELECTRONIC
White van kidnaps children
MEDIA ERA
(modern example) “From Radio Waves to Cathode
Rays”
Early Visual Communication
o cave paintings, petroglyphs, Around 1900CE to 2000CE
symbolic markings to convey Electronic long-distance audio and
messages and stories visual communication is now possible
via radio waves
Edward’s Notes
Television and radios are invented
Guglielmo Marconi -inventor of
SUMMARY
wireless radio wave-based
1. Prehistoric and Oral Tradition Era
communication
– story telling
4. DIGITAL AND INFORMATION ERA 2. Print and Mass Media era –
“Internet Age” accessible text
Around 2000CE to Present Day 3. Broadcast and Electronic Era –
Tim Berners-Lee – invented the personal news and entertainment
World Wide Web
4. Digital and Information Era –
Steve Jobs – played a role in
computers and internet
developing technologies in personal
computing
Content and information is now
accessible on-demand (compared to
broadcast media where you have to
wait for a schedule)
Automation and artificial
intelligence ease workloads
Information can be easily
accessed, manipulated and
transferred
Edward’s Notes