STV LAB MANUAL

Software Testing Lab Manual (8CS4-22)

Understand The Automation Testing Approach (Theory Concept)

Automation

Automation is making a process automatic eliminating the need for human

intervention. It is a self-controlling or self-moving process. Automation Software

offers automation wizards and commands of its own in addition to providing a task

recording and re-play capabilities. Using these programs you can record an IT or

business task.

Benefits of Automation

1. Fast
2. Reliable
3. Repeatable
4. Programmable
5. Reusable
6. Makes Regression testing easy
7. Enables 24*78 Testing
8. Robust verification.

Software Testing Lab Manual ( STV Lab)

Automation Test Workflow

Setup for Test

Automation

Document Manual

test Steps

Check data is valid

Create Basic

Test

Record user actions

Confirm successful

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playback

Enhance Basic

Test

Add

Synchronization

Insert check points

Data drive the test

Integrate Tests

Pass Data

Build integrated

test sets

Prepare Create Verify &Enhance Integrate

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INTRODUCTION TO SELENIUM

1. History of Selenium

• In 2004 invented by Jason R. Huggins and team.

• Original name is JavaScript Functional Tester [JSFT]

• Open source browser based integration test framework built originally by

Thoughtworks.

• 100% JavaScript and HTML

• Web testing tool

• That supports testing Web 2.0 applications

• Supports for Cross-Browser Testing(ON Multiple Browsers)

• And multiple Operating Systems

• Cross browser – IE 6/7, Firefox .8+, Opera, Safari 2.0+

2. What is Selenium?

• Acceptance Testing tool for web-apps

• Tests run directly in browser

• Selenium can be deployed on Windows, Linux, and Macintosh.

• Implemented entirely using browser technologies -

3. Selenium Components

– Selenium IDE

– Selenium Core

– Selenium RC

– Selenium Grid

3.1 Selenium IDE

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• The Selenium-IDE (Integrated Development Environment) is the tool you

use to develop your Selenium test cases.

• It is Firefox plug-in

• Firefox extension which allows record/play testing paradigm

• Automates commands, but asserts must be entered by hand

• Creates the simplest possible Locator

• Based on Selenese

3.1.1 Overview of Selenium IDE:

[Link] Case Pane

B. Toolbar

[Link] Bar

[Link]/Reference/UI-Element/Rollup Pane

A. Test Case Pane:

B. Toolbar: The toolbar contains buttons for controlling the execution of your

test cases, including a step feature for

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Software Testing Lab Manual ( STV Lab)

C. Menu Bar:

and test suite files.

operations for editing the commands in your test case.

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can set the timeout value for certain commands, add user-defined user

extensions to the base set of Selenium commands, and specify the format

(language) used when saving your test cases.

D. Help Menu:

Introducing Selenium Commands

The command set is often called selenese. Selenium commands come in three

“flavors”:

Actions, Accessory and Assertions.

a. Actions: user actions on application / Command the browser to do

something.

Actions are commands that generally manipulate the state of the

application.

1. Click link- click / Clickandwait

2. Selecting items

b. Accessors: Accessors examine the state of the application and store the

results in variables, e.g. "storeTitle".

c. Assertions: For validating the application we are using Assertions

1. For verifying the web pages

2. For verifying the text

3. For verifying alerts

Assertions can be used in 3 modes:

Example: "assertText","verifyText" and "waitForText".

NOTE:

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1. When an "assert" fails, the test is aborted.

2. When a "verify" fails, the test will continue execution

3. "waitFor" commands wait for some condition to become true

Commonly Used Selenium Commands

These are probably the most commonly used commands for building test.

open - opens a page using a URL.

click/clickAndWait - performs a click operation, and optionally waits for a new

page to load.

verifyTitle/assertTitle - verifies an expected page title.

verifyTextPresent- verifies expected text is somewhere on the page.

verifyElementPresent -verifies an expected UI element, as defined by its HTML

tag, is present on the page.

verifyText - verifies expected text and it’s corresponding HTML tag are present on

the page.

verifyTable - verifies a table’s expected contents.

waitForPageToLoad -pauses execution until an expected new page loads. Called

automatically when clickAndWait is used.

waitForElementPresent -pauses execution until an expected UI element, as defined

by its HTML tag, is present on the page.

3.1.2 Recording and Run settings

When Selenium-IDE is first opened, the record button is ON by default.

During recording, Selenium-IDE will automatically insert commands into your

test case based on your actions.

a. Remember Base URL MODE - Using Base URL to Run Test Cases in Different Domains

b. Record Absolute recording mode – Run Test Cases in Particular Domain.

3.1.3 Running Test Cases

Run a Test Case Click the Run button to run the currently displayed test case.

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Run a Test Suite Click the Run All button to run all the test cases in the currently

loaded test suite.

Stop and Start The Pause button can be used to stop the test case while it is

running. The icon of this button then changes to indicate the Resume button. To

continue click Resume.

Stop in the Middle You can set a breakpoint in the test case to cause it to stop on a

particular command. This is useful for debugging your test case. To set a

breakpoint, select a command, right-click, and from the context menu select

Toggle Breakpoint.

Start from the Middle You can tell the IDE to begin running from a specific

command in the middle of the test case. This also is used for debugging. To set a

startpoint, select a command, right-click, and from the context menu select

Set/Clear Start Point.

Run Any Single Command Double-click any single command to run it by itself.

This is useful when writing a single command. It lets you immediately test a

command you are constructing, when you are not sure if it is correct. You can

double-click it to see if it runs correctly. This is also available from the context

menu.

Test Suite:

A test suite is a collection of tests. Often one will run all the tests in a test suite as

one continuous batch-job.

When using Selenium-IDE, test suites also can be defined using a simple HTML

file. The syntax again is simple. An HTML table defines a list of tests where each

row defines the filesystem path to each test.

Installing the IDE

Using Firefox, first, download the IDE from the SeleniumHQ downloads page

Firefox will protect you from installing addons from unfamiliar locations, so you

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will need to click ‘Allow’ to proceed with the installation, as shown in the

following screenshot.

When downloading from Firefox, you’ll be presented with the following window.

Select Install Now. The Firefox Add-ons window pops up, first showing a progress

bar, and when the download is complete, displays the following.

Restart Firefox. After Firefox reboots you will find the Selenium-IDE listed under

the Firefox Tools menu.

Opening the IDE

To run the Selenium-IDE, simply select it from the Firefox Tools menu. It opens as

follows with an empty script-editing window and a menu for loading, or creating

new test cases.

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EXPT NO:-2 Using Selenium IDE, Write a test suite containing minimum 4 test

cases.

TC’S #1: Manual Steps:

• Open (Example : Type [Link])

• Type “energy efficient” in the Google Search Input Box

• Click outside on an empty spot

• Click Search Button

• Verify the Text Present as “energy efficient”

• Assert the Title as “energy efficient - Google Search”

• Save the test case with .HTML Extension.

TC’S #2:

• Open (Example : Type [Link])

• Type “Selenium RC” in the Google Search Input Box

• Click outside on an empty spot

• Click Search Button

• Verify the Text Present as “Selenium RC”

• Assert the Title as “Selenium RC - Google Search”

• Save the test case with .HTML Extension.

Steps for creating test suite:

1. Create more Tc’s save each Test Case with <.html> extension.

2. Open Firefox

3. Open Tools à Selenium IDE

4. File à Open à new Test Suite

5. File à Open à Add Test cases

6. Add more test cases

7. Save Suite with <.Html> extensions.

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8. Run the test suite

EXPT NO:-3 Conduct a test suite for nay two web sites.

TC’S #1: Manual Steps:

• Open (Example : Type [Link])

• Type “energy efficient” in the Google Search Input Box

• Click outside on an empty spot

• Click Search Button

• Verify the Text Present as “energy efficient”

• Assert the Title as “energy efficient - Google Search”

• Save the test case with .HTML Extension.

TC#2:

1: Open Firefox Web Browser

2: In the address bar, Type [Link]

3: In the search input button, Type "energy efficient"

4: Click on the "Web Search" submit button

5: Wait for Search Results to come on "http:/[Link]"

6: Verify "energy efficient" text is present anywhere in the search results:

(Select and

highlight anywhere in the search results page, "energy efficient" text is

present.)

7: Verify the browsers title has the value "energy efficient - Yahoo! Search

Results"

8. Save the test case with .HTML Extension.

Steps for creating test suite:

1. Create more Tc’s save each Test Case with <.html> extension.

2. Open Firefox

3. Open Tools à Selenium IDE

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4. File à Open à new Test Suite

5. File à Open à Add Test cases

6. Add more test cases

7. Save Suite with <.Html> extensions.

8. Run the test suite

Selenium-RC

1. Introduction

Selenium-RC is the solution for tests that need more than simple browser actions

and linear execution.

Selenium-RC uses the full power of programming languages to create more

complex tests like reading and writing files, querying a database, emailing test

results.

You’ll want to use Selenium-RC whenever your test requires logic not supported

by Selenium-IDE.

What logic could this be? For example, Selenium-IDE does not directly support:

• condition statements

• iteration

• logging and reporting of test results

• error handling, particularly unexpected errors

• database testing

• test case grouping

• re-execution of failed tests

• test case dependency

• screenshot capture of test failures

Although these tasks are not supported by Selenium directly, all of them can be

achieved by using programming techniques with a language-specific Selenium-RC

client library.

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EXPT NO :-4 Install Selenium server and demonstrate it using a script in

Java/PHP

Installation of Selenium RC and Eclipse

Download Eclipse

1. Go to URL – [Link]

2. Select Eclipse IDE for Java Developers (Click on Windows 32 bit platform)

3. Click on OK button and save to a local drive (i.e. C: or D:, etc)

4. Unzip the downloaded zip file and rename that to Eclipse

5. Create one more folder “Eclipse-Workspace” (i.e. C:Eclipse-Workspace)in

the same drive where Eclipse is unzipped and renamed.

6. Create Eclipse desktop shortcut (go to C:Eclipse folder –> right click

[Link] and then click on “desktop create shortcut”) as demonstrated in

the below pictures.

1. Now we need to create a workspace folder –> C:Eclipse-

WorkspaceSeleniumTests

2. Double click on “Eclipse shortcut on Desktop”

3. This opens the Eclipse

4. Close Eclipse welcome screen

5. Click File menu –> Switch Worspace –> other

6. Now Select the C:Eclipse-WorkspaceSeleniumTests folder (These steps are

demonstrated in the following figure)

We have finished setting up the eclipse. Now, we need to download Selenium RC

server / client driver and configure that to Eclipse

1. Download Selenium server: [Link]

2. Download Selenium Client driver for Java (from Selenium Client Drivers

section)

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3. Create “Selenium” folder in C: drive and copy the [Link] as

well as unzip the Selenium Client driver (C:Selenium)

Downloading and unzipping the files into a folder is done. We need to configure

the appropriate Selenium Client driver Jar file to the Eclipse.

1. Go to Eclipse –> Click File –> New –> Project (from various options need to

select just “project”)

2. In Select Wizard –> Click Java –> “Java Project” (demonstrated in the below

figure)

3. Give the project name (e.g. SugarCRMTests)

4. Click Finish – Click Yes

5. Now we are done with creation of project and need to configure the

Selenium Client driver to this Project

6. Right Click “SugarCRMTests” project

7. Click “Java Build Path”

8. Click Libraries tab

9. Click “Add External JARs” button

10. Select “Selenium Client Drivers” unzipped in C:Selenium folder (Selenium

Server JAR file should not be added)

11. Click OK

[Link] libraries –> contains both the Selenium Client driver jar files as

shown in the below picture.

First script-Selenium RC-JUnit-Java

Selenium RC allows to write the automated tests in any language. Selenium Scripts

can be written in various ways:

1. Extending the Selenese Test Case

2. Extending the TestCase-Junit and defining an object to the DefaultSelenium

Class

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Before you start with your script, the following are the steps that should be

performed.

Method1: Extending the Selenese Test Case

1. Install any IDE (Eclipse, IntelliJ, IDEA), create a project.

2. Download the selenium RC file from Selenium website.

3. Extract the [Link] file and add the seleniumremote-

control-1.0.3\selenium-java-client-driver-1.0.1\selenium-javaclientdriver.

jar and selenium-remote-control-1.0.3\selenium-server-

1.0.3\[Link] file to the build path.

4. Create a new package and a class in the newly created package.

5. Copy the below code:

import [Link];

public class SeleniumTest1 extends SeleneseTestCase {

public void setUp() throws Exception {

setUp("[Link] "*firefox");

public void testNew() throws Exception{

[Link]("/");

[Link]("searchbox", "selenium rc");

[Link]("css=input[type='submit'][value='Search']");

[Link]("30000");

assertTrue([Link]("selenium rc"));

[Link] the selenium Server.

[Link] on the RunAs button and run the script as JUnit Test. If you don’t

find the option Install the JUnit plug-in and run the script.

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Method2: Extending the DefaultSelenium Class.

Some times we need the selenium scripts to contact the server running on a

different port and different machine. You can configure the selenium scripts to

handle such situations easily by extending your selenium script from

TestCase(Junit) and defining the selenium instance as an object to DefaultSelenium

class.

package test;

import [Link].*;

import [Link];

public class DefaultSelenium1 extends TestCase{

private DefaultSelenium selenium;

public void testing(){

selenium=new

DefaultSelenium("localhost",4444,"*iexplore","[Link]

[Link]();

[Link]("/");

[Link]("searchbox", "selenium rc");

[Link]("css=input[type='submit'][value='Search']");

[Link]("30000");

[Link]([Link]("selenium rc"));

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EXPT NO:-5 Write and test a program to login a specific web page.

import [Link].*;

import [Link];

import [Link];

import [Link];

import [Link];

public class exp5 extends SeleneseTestCase {

@Before

public void setUp() throws Exception {

selenium = new DefaultSelenium("localhost", 4444, "*chrome",

"[Link]

[Link]();

@Test

public void testExp5() throws Exception {

[Link]("/wordpress/[Link]");

[Link]("id=user_login", "admin");

[Link]("id=user_pass", "demo123");

[Link]("id=wp-submit");

[Link]("30000");

@After

public void tearDown() throws Exception {

[Link]();

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TestNG

TestNG is a testing framework inspired from JUnit and NUnit but introducing

some new functionalities that make it more powerful and easier to use, such as:

(all methods in their own thread, one thread per test class, etc...).

-driven testing (with @DataProvider).

-ins (Eclipse, IDEA, Maven, etc...).

TestNG is designed to cover all categories of tests: unit, functional, end-to-end,

integration, etc...

Installing TestNG in eclipse

nd below, enter [Link]

Launching your tests in Eclipse

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even programatically. We are going to use the Eclipse plugin. Follow the

steps described on the official TestNG documentation over here

click on the XML file:

then see this nice results tree:

Selenium Tests with Microsoft Excel

Parameterizing a test from external sources such as Microsoft Excel is always

recommended in order to handle large amount of test data. To read data from

Excel, we need APIs which support opening file, reading data, and writing data

into Excel. We should know various classes and methods which support above

mentioned operations. In this post, let us try to figure out which is the API that

supports all the activities we need to do during execution of a test.

[Link] is an open source Java API which supports read Excel spreadsheets and to

write into Excel spreadsheets. Below are some of the operations that we can

handle with this API.

1. Read data from Excel spreadsheet

2. Read and write formulas into spreadsheets

3. Generate spreadsheets

4. Supports formatting of font, number, and date

5. Supports coloring of cells

To access the methods and classes provided by this API inside Eclipse we need to

add this JAR file to the Java Build Path. (I have explained steps to add external Jar

files to Java Build Path in previous posts)

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Download the [Link] from “[Link]

Add the JAR file to Java Build Path

Add import statements to the .java file as below to read from an Excel spreadsheet

import [Link];

import [Link];

import [Link];

import [Link];

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EXPT NO :-6 Write and test a program to update 10 student records into table

into Excel file .

import [Link];

import [Link];

import [Link];

import [Link];

import [Link];

import [Link];

import [Link];

import [Link].*;

public class newj {

@BeforeClass

public void setUp() throws Exception {}

@Test

public void testImportexport1() throws Exception {

FileInputStream fi = new FileInputStream("D:\\[Link]");

Workbook w = [Link](fi);

Sheet s = [Link](0);

String a[][] = new String[[Link]()][[Link]()];

FileOutputStream fo = new FileOutputStream("D://[Link]");

WritableWorkbook wwb = [Link](fo);

WritableSheet ws = [Link]("result1", 0);

for (int i = 0; i < [Link](); i++)

for (int j = 0; j < [Link](); j++)

a[i][j] = [Link](j, i).getContents();

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Label l2 = new Label(j, i, a[i][j]);

[Link](l2);

Label l1 = new Label(6, 0, "Result");

[Link](l1);

for (int i = 1; i < [Link](); i++) {

for (int j = 2; j < [Link](); j++)

a[i][j] = [Link](j, i).getContents();

int x=[Link](a[i][j]);

if(x > 35)

Label l1 = new Label(6, i, "pass");

[Link](l1);

else

Label l1 = new Label(6, i, "fail");

[Link](l1);

break;

[Link]();

[Link]();

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INPUT

OUTPUT

EXPT NO :-7 Write and test a program to select the number of students who have

scored more than 60 in any one subject ( or all subjects ).

import [Link];

import [Link];

import [Link];

import [Link];

import [Link];

import [Link];

import [Link];

import [Link].*;

public class exp7 {

@BeforeClass

public void setUp() throws Exception {

@Test

public void testImportexport1() throws Exception {

FileInputStream fi = new FileInputStream("D:\\[Link]");

Workbook w = [Link](fi);

Sheet s = [Link](0);

String a[][] = new String[[Link]()][[Link]()];

FileOutputStream fo = new FileOutputStream("D://[Link]");

WritableWorkbook wwb = [Link](fo);

WritableSheet ws = [Link]("result", 0);

int c=0;

for (int i = 0; i < [Link](); i++) {

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for (int j = 0; j < [Link](); j++)

if(i >= 1)

String b= new String();

b=[Link](3,i).getContents();

int x= [Link](b);

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Software Testing Lab Manual ( STV Lab)

if( x < 60)

c++;

break;

a[i][j] = [Link](j, i).getContents();

Label l2 = new Label(j, i-c, a[i][j]);

[Link](l2);

[Link]();

[Link]();

INPUT

OUTPUT

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EXPT NO :-8 Write and test a program to provide total number of objects present

/ available on the page .

package testscripts;

import [Link].*;

import [Link].*;

import [Link].*;

public class exp8 {

public Selenium selenium;

public SeleniumServer seleniumserver;

@BeforeClass

public void setUp() throws Exception {

RemoteControlConfiguration rc = new RemoteControlConfiguration();

seleniumserver = new SeleniumServer(rc);

selenium = new DefaultSelenium("localhost", 4444, "*firefox","[Link]

[Link]();

[Link]();

@Test

public void testDefaultTNG() throws Exception {

[Link]("[Link]

[Link]();

String lc[]=[Link]();

[Link]("TOTAL NO OF LINKS="+[Link]);

String bc[]=[Link]();

[Link]("TOTAL NO OF BUTTONS="+[Link]);

String fc[]=[Link]();

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[Link]("TOTAL NO OF INPUT FIELDS="+[Link]);

@AfterClass

public void tearDown() throws Exception {

[Link]();

[Link]();

OUTPUT

TOTAL NO OF LINKS=41

TOTAL NO OF BUTTONS=1

TOTAL NO OF INPUT FIELDS=3

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EXPT NO :-9 Write and test a program to get the number of list items in a list /

combo box.

import [Link];

import [Link];

import [Link];

import [Link].*;

import [Link].*;

import [Link].*;

public class Dropdowngoogle {

public Selenium selenium;

public SeleniumServer seleniumserver;

@BeforeClass

public void setUp() throws Exception {

RemoteControlConfiguration rc = new RemoteControlConfiguration();

seleniumserver = new SeleniumServer(rc);

selenium = new DefaultSelenium("localhost", 4444, "*firefox", "[Link]

[Link]();

[Link]();

@Test

public void testDropdowngoogle()throws Exception {

[Link]("[Link]

[Link]("3000");

String[] option = [Link]("name=course");

File file = new File("C:/[Link]");//excel

File file1 = new File("C:/[Link]");//notepad

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BufferedWriter out = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(file));//excel

BufferedWriter out1 = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(file1));//notepad

[Link]("Options in drop down\n");//Excel

[Link]("Options in drop down\n");//notepad

for (int i = 0; i < [Link]; i++) {

[Link]("Option: " + i + " is" + option[i]);

[Link](""+option[i]);

[Link]();

[Link](""+option[i]);

[Link]();

[Link]();//excel

[Link]();//notepad

@AfterClass

public void tearDown()throws Exception {

[Link]();

[Link]();

OUTPUT

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EXPT NO :-10 Write and test a program to count number of check boxes on the

page checked and unchecked count.

package testscripts;

import [Link].*;

import [Link].*;

import [Link].*;

public class exp8 {

public Selenium selenium;

public SeleniumServer seleniumserver;

@BeforeClass

public void setUp() throws Exception {

RemoteControlConfiguration rc = new RemoteControlConfiguration();

seleniumserver = new SeleniumServer(rc);

selenium = new DefaultSelenium("localhost", 4444, "*firefox","[Link]

[Link]();

[Link]();

@Test

public void testDefaultTNG() throws Exception {

[Link]("[Link]

[Link]();

//Count of check boxes

Number c =[Link]("//input[@type['checkbox']]");

[Link]("Count of check boxes " +c);

//Number of check boxes checked

Number d = [Link]("//input[@type='checkbox' and

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@checked]");

[Link]("Count of Checked check boxes " +d);

//Number of check boxes unchecked

Number e = [Link]("//input[@type='checkbox' and

not(@checked)]");

[Link]("Count of Checked check boxes " +e);

@AfterClass

public void tearDown() throws Exception {

[Link]();

[Link]();

OUTPUT

Count of check boxes 127

Count of Checked check boxes 91

Count of Checked check boxes 36

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