held

ground

sold put

taken cut

wrapped

are ground
is put
are cut
are wrapped

are sown
shines grow
are picked are put

are put
are packed are loaded
are delivered

_ sow - sown : gieo

_ pack - packed: bó
 (1) (2) (3)

1. Once the tea leaves have been picked.

they are then put in the sun to dry.
2 After the tea leaves have been picked
from the tea plants. they are (then)
packed into boxes.
3 When the boxes have been loaded
onto a lorry. They are then taken to supermarkets.
4 Once you have put the tea bag in
the cup. you can then pour hot water into it.

2 After being picked from the tea

plants, the tea leaves are then
packed into boxes.
3 After being loaded onto a lorry,
the boxes are then taken to supermarkets.
4 After putting the tea bag in the cup,
you can then pour hot water into it.
 b

d
a

2. The biscuits are put in the oven in order

to be cooked.
[Link] farmer waters the plants,
which makes them grow more quickly.
4. The mushrooms are stored in a dark room,
so that they stay fresh.
 4 2 are sown 3 shines 4 grow 5 are picked 6 (are) put
7 are put 8 are packed 9 are loaded 10 (are) delivered
Spotlight 2
Page 107 1
The first stage is ... The last stage is ...
2 Next ...
Then. Subsequently. First of all. The first Finally,
The diagram illustrates the manufacturing process of After that. At this slep is that. To begin The lasl slep is
with. [nitially
tomato ketchup. The process has/involves 15 steps, point. The next step
is that, Following this,
from picking tomatoes and putting them in baskets The following step is
in the farm to serving the ketchup with hamburgers that. and then,
after which
and fries.
The first step is that tomatoes are picked and put in 2 Suggested answer
b,e. h, g.a, d,c. f
baskets. Next, after being sorted for quality, 4 1 Once the tea leaves have been picked. they are then put in the
tomatoes are sent to the factory to be processed into sun to dry.
2 After the tea leaves have been picked from the tea plants. they
ketchup sauce. are (then) packed into boxes.
3 When the boxes have been loaded onto a lorry. they are then
At the factory, first of all, after skin, stalk and seeds taken to supermarkets.
have been removed, the tomatoes are then added to 4 Once you have put the tea bag in the cup. you can then pour
large cylindrical containers. Following this, once the hot water into it.
5 2 After being picked from the tea plants. the tea leaves are then
tomatoes have been crushed, sugar, vinegar and salt packed into boxes.
is added, in order to enhance the flavor of the sauce. 3 After being loaded onto a lorry. the boxes are then taken to
supermarkets.
Subsequently, after being boiled, tomatoes are left 4 After putting the tea bag in the cup. you can then pour hot
for two hours to cool. Once filled with the sauce, the water into it.
bottles are labelled and then checked for quality. In Exam skills 1
llb 2 d 3a 4c
order to prepare the bottle for distribution, they are 2 2 The biscuits are put in the oven in order to be cooked.
put into cardboard boxes and sent to supermarkets 3 The farmer waters the plants. which makes them grow more
quickly.
in lorries. Finally, consumers can buy and enjoy the 4 The mushrooms are stored in a dark room. so that they stay
ketchup with a juicy hamburger and crunchy fries. fresh.
Exam skills 2
1 Suggested answers
1 The diagram highlights how potato chips are prod uced.
2 The pictures show the steps involved in getting a driving
licence.
2 1 steps 2 from 3 planting 4 to 5 drinking
Model answer 1
1 1 and then: are then: After: and then: first of all; Next: then: At
this point: The final step is
2 Once the plants have grown ... : once the kettle has boiled ...
3 to be dried: which take the boxes of tea to supermarkets
4 Having been left in the cup ...
5 meanwhile

UNIT 9
Spotlight 1
1 Sentences lb and 2a are more natural because the object (boxes
of tea and the tea leaves) is the focus of the sentence: it is also
unimportant who does the action.
2 2 sown 3 sold 4 taken 5 wrapped 6 held 7 ground 8 put
9 cut 10 woven
3 2 are ground 3 is put 4 are cut 5 are wrapped

Answer key 125

 Check and challenge 1
Using tire present simple passive to describe a process
Check 1 The tea is put in a basket (by the farmer).
2 The tea is dried in the sun.
Linking stages together
Check 1 Once the tomatoes have been crushed. salt and sugar are
then added.
2 After being boiled. the tomato sauce is left to cool for two
hours.
Giving extra information about a stage
Check l ... where they a re crushed.
2 ... in order to be checked.
Practice <1uestion
Sample a11swer
The diagram illustrates th e lifecycle of a honey bee. and also the
process by which honey is produced. There are several stages in the
processes, from the queen bee laying her eggs. to the distribution
and selling of honey.
In the first stage of the cycle. bee eggs are laid in honeycomb by the
queen bee. and three days later a larva appears. A week later. the
larva has become a fully grown bee. and after spending three weeks
in the hive, the bee leaves. The next step is that the bee gathers
nectar from flowers. which is the starting point of making honey.
Finally. the bee takes the nectar back to the hive. and deposits it in
the honeycomb.
At this point. the honey production process can begin. The
honeycomb is removed by the beekeeper. who then puts it into an
extracting machine. Having been extracted. the honey is then
boiled. in order to make it clean. When the honey has been
cleaned. it is put into jars. and then the final stages are that the jars
of honey are distributed and sold.
(184 words)

126 Answer key

Unit 9, Model Answer, Exercise 2
Sample Answer 1
The diagram illustrates the manufacturing process of tomato
ketchup. The process has/involves 15 steps, from picking
tomatoes and putting them in baskets in the farm to serving the
ketchup with hamburgers and fries.
The first step is that tomatoes are picked and put in baskets.
Next, after being sorted for quality, tomatoes are sent to the
factory to be processed into ketchup sauce.
At the factory, first of all, after skin, stalk and seeds have been Unit 9, Model answer I , Exrrcise 2
removed, the tomatoes are then added to large cylindrical The given pictures demonstrate the way of making tomato
containers. Following this, once the tomatoes have been ketchup step by step. Overall. there are 15 steps to be done to
crushed, sugar, vinegar and salt is added, in order to enhance produce a bottle of ketchup.
First of a ll. a fa rmer picks up tomatoes from his farm and put
the flavor of the sauce. Subsequently, after being boiled, them in baskets. Then. he selects only good tomatoes from the
tomatoes are left for two hours to cool. Once filled with the ones he picked. After being sent to factory, the tomatoes will
sauce, the bottles are labelled and then checked for quality. In have a removal process in order to get rid of sta lks. seeds. skins.
order to prepare the bottle for distribution, they are put into etc. Having been collected into containers. the processed
tomatoes arc crushed and turned into liquid. Next. with adding
cardboard boxes and sent to supermarkets in lorries. Finally, sugar, salt and vinegar. they are ready to boil.
consumers can buy and enjoy the ketchup with a juicy After being left for two hours to be set. the tomato liquid are
hamburger and crunchy fries. poured into tomato ketchup bottles and labelled as polished
products. The next step is. in order to make quality the best.
inspectors check a ll their products. At just before the final stage.
Sample Answer 2 only the selected bottles are packed a nd delivered to
The diagram outlines how tomato ketchup is produced in 15 supermarkets. Finally. the customers enjoy the tomato ketchup
steps, from harvesting tomatoes to serving of the ketchup with their food.
alongside hamburgers and fries. In conclusion. the process of making a bottle of tomato ketchup
is described with 1 5 initial stages.
Initially, after being picked, tomatoes are put in baskets. Then,
Once the tomatoes have been sorted for quality, they are sent to {184 words)
the factory for the production of ketchup. Suzie. Mongolia
Examiner's comments
At the production site, before tomatoes are added to large Tlris is an example ofa strong answer. witlr a nice range ofgrammar.
cylindrical containers, their skin, stalk and seeds are removed. and in particular some excellent passive structures (After being sent.
Following this, tomatoes are crushed, and sugar, vinegar, and Having been collected). It also /111s some nice changes ofgrammar (a
salt are added to them improve the taste of the sauce. At this removal process). Tire paragraphing is generally good. wit/r a clear
point, once tomatoes are boiled and left for a couple of hours introduction and an overall sentence, and twv clear paragraphs in tire
body. However, some of the vocabulary is not quite rig/rt (picks up.
for its temperature to drop, the sauce is poured into bottles and polished products), and tire conclusion is a little confused- it seems
labeled. After being checked for quality, the bottles are packed more like an introduction Tlrere are also a few basic grammar errors in
into boxes to be delivered to supermarkets. Finally, customers places (the tomato liquid are poured).
can buy them to add to their burgers and French fries. This answer would be likely to score 6.5.

Answer key 129