Definition
Learning is a developmental process through which
behavior is changed or initiated by training and
experience. It involves the process of gaining
knowledge and skill as well as changing behavior.
Learning is a process resulting in some modification
relatively permanent of the behavior way of thinking ,
feeling doing of learner.
Way of learning
A person may learn even by himself through the
experience of reading or seeing, feeling, hearing,
tasting and smelling.
Learning By Hearing: We learn something simply by
hearing through our ears. People learn by listening to
lecture, radio programme, song, story and cassette play. In
this case there is more of knowledge gain and least skill
development.
Learning only through hearing will not be quite effective. It
is believed that only about 25% of what is taught is learnt
by this way.
2) Learning By Seeing: We can also learn something by
looking at or by observing something. Here also only
one kind of sense organ(e.g. eyes) are involved. We
learn by looking at object, poster, working, procedure or
demonstration, etc.
Learning by seeing is more effective than learning by
hearing. It provides some skills, it is estimated that about
50% learning occurs while we learn by seeing.
3) Learning by hearing and seeing together:
Television telecast provides such learning which is more
effective than learning by hearing and seeing separately.
This may provide about 60% learning.
4) Learning by doing:
People can learn many things by doing. Mothers learn how
to cook foods for their babies by actually involving in
cooking process before the health worker. Community
people learn to construct a pit latrine by involving
themselves in the process of construction.
There will be skill development in this type of learning.
Here several learning experience are involved depending
upon the type of work done. Learning by this way is more
effective with more retention of what is learnt, say about
80%.
5) Learning by Repetition:
Practice makes a man perfect. When individuals learn by
repetition they can learn better. It is true in different
learning experience.
6) Learning by imitation :
People also learn from what others have done. Children
learn several things by imitating their parents and teacher.
There may not by proper and perfect knowledge gain in
this type of learning.
Factor affecting learning
Effective learning occurs at different situation. It is based
on different socio-cultural and psycho-physical factors.
1) Biological or Physiological factor such as age, condition
of sensory organs.
2) Physical or Environmental factors such as light,
ventilation, sitting arrangement, noise, temperature etc.
3) Socio-cultural factor like beliefs, religion, values etc.
4) Psychological factors such as intelligence, perception,
motivation, interest, attitude, tension.