Chemistry
Investigatory
Project
Formation Of Bio Diesel
Punit Gaur
XII B
Roll No.-
Acknowledgement
It gives me great pleasure to express my gratitude
towards our chemistry teacher Mrs. for her
guidance, support and encouragement throughout the
duration of the project. Without her motivation and
help the successful completion of this project would
not have been possible.
Punit Gaur
XII - B
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Punit Gaur of class XII has completed the
chemistry project entitled
‘FORMATION OF BIO D I ESE L’
Himself and under my guidance. The progress of the project
has been continuously reported and has been in my knowledge
consistently.
SUBJECT INCHARGE:-
Mrs.
Contents
Acknowledgement
What is Biodiesel?
Uses of Biodiesel
Preparation of Biodiesel
• Certificate
• Reactions involved
• Biodiesel fuel features
• Disadvantages of Biodiesel
• Bibliography
What is Biodiesel?
Biodiesel refers to a non-petroleum-based diesel fuel consisting of short
chain alkyl (methyl or ethyl) esters, made by transesterification of
vegetable oil or animal fat (tallow), which can be used (alone, or
blended with conventional petrol diesel) in unmodified diesel-engine
vehicles. Biodiesel is distinguished from the straight-vegetable oil
(SVO) (sometimes referred to as “waste vegetable oil” “WVO” “used
vegetable oil” “UVO” “pure plant oil”, “PPO”) used(alone, or blended) as
fuels in some converted diesel vehicles.”Biodiesel” is standardized as
mono-alkyl ester and other kinds of diesel-grade fuels of biological origin
are not included.
Uses of biodiesel
Biodiesel fuel is a renewable energy source that can be made from soy beans grown
for fuel, or from cooking oils recycled from restaurants. This means it is a
renewable resource unlike petroleum -based diesel.
There is an excess production of soybeans in the United States; therefore
biodiesel is an economic way to utilize this surplus.
Biodiesel is less polluting than petroleum diesel. Compared to petroleum diesel,
biodiesel produces less soot (particulate matter), carbon monoxide, unburned
hydrocarbons, and sulfur dioxide.
The absence of sulfur in 100% biodiesel should extend the life of catalytic
• converters.
• Biodiesel fuel can also be used in combination with heating oil to heat residential and
industrial buildings. This can reduce dependence on non-renewable and increasingly
expensive heating oil.
• Biodiesel burns cleaner & is made of non-toxic chemicals so it does not give out
poisonous fumes, unlike the ordinary fuel.
Instructions to Prepare Bio Diesel
Requirements:
• Vegetable oil
• Antifreeze (Methanol)
• Lye (NaOH)
• Blender
• Scales
• Plastic containers
• Funnels
• Plastic bottle with lid
• Duct tape
• Thermometer
Steps Involved:
Cover container and mix well by shaking it. It is mixed when it starts to feel warm
and is foamy. The mixture has now become sodium methoxide.
Blend 1 liter of vegetable oil with the sodium methoxide in a blender for 20 minutes.
Pour mixture into a bottle and wait 8 hours until the byproduct, glycerin, separates
form the biodiesel. The glycerin will be on the solid on the bottom.
Separate out the biodiesel by pouring into a glass bottle.
Prepare a wash bottle by poking a small hole in the corner of the bottle and
Wash the biodiesel by pouring it into the wash bottle and adding in ½ a liter of
water. Roll the bottle around to mix it and then remove the duct tape and drain th e
covering it with duct tape.
water.
Repeat the washing process until the biodiesel is clear. This may need to be done
numerous times over the course of a week to complete the process. Store the
biodiesel in a glass container until ready to use.