Mandelbrot Competition Round Two Solutions
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codewizard.19Mandelbrot Competition Round Two Solutions
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Powered by AIThe problem involves a right triangle where segment \( AB \) is bisected by \( OP \). Using the properties of right triangles and similar triangles, we set \( xy = 6^2 \) and \( x + y = 13 \). Solving the system of equations yields \( r = 2\sqrt{13} \) since \( r < 10 \) eliminates the solution \( r = 3\sqrt{13} \).
Using the Law of Cosines for triangle \( \triangle PAB \), \( (AB)^2 = a^2 + b^2 - ab \). We equate and simplify to \( ac + bc - ab - c^2 = c^2 \), leading to factoring \( (b-c)(c-a) = c^2 \). With \( b = 2010 \) and \( c \) as odd, factors and gcd constraints lead us to deduce \( a = 268 \) with \( m = 5, n = 1 \). Calculation involves solving for \( a', b', c' \) with the gcd condition .
A number is 'nimble' if it can be expressed as \( x^n - y \) where both \( x^n \) and \( y \) are primes. In this context, 14 is nimble since \( 14 = 2^7 - 13 \), and \( 13 = 8^3 - 499 \). This suggests a hypothesis that possibly every positive integer is nimble, though proving this is non-trivial .
Abby's revenue without the change was \( 30w \), where \( w \) is the number of widgets sold. After the change, the revenue becomes \( \frac{3}{4}wx + \frac{1}{4}w(x+8) = w(x+2) \). The increase in revenue by 10% implies that \( 1.1 \times 30w = w(x+2) \), leading to \( 33 = x + 2 \). Therefore, the less expensive widget should cost $31 .
To find \( r \), the radius of a circle tangent to a line, apply properties of right triangles wherein \( xy = 6^2 \) and \( x + y = 13 \). Solving \( xy = 36 \) and \( x + y = 13 \) yields solutions for \( x \) and \( y \), further narrowing down the possibility \( r = 2\sqrt{13} \) as under the given length constraint of \( r < 10 \).
The AM-GM inequality states that for three positive real numbers, \( \frac{x + y + z}{3} \geq \sqrt[3]{xyz} \), with equality if and only if \( x = y = z \). In the context of the problem, if we take \( x = \frac{1}{2}a \), \( y = \frac{1}{2}a \), and \( z = 51 - a \), the inequality can be rewritten and manipulated to yield \( a\sqrt{51 - a} \leq 34\sqrt{17} \). The largest value is achieved when \( a = 34 \), resulting in the maximum value being \( 34\sqrt{17} \).
Given conditions include \( b = 2010 \) and \( c \) being odd. Set \( a = d a', b = d b', c = d c' \) and substitute into factored expressions and solve for integer solutions \( a', b', c' \) under gcd constraints. Solutions are \( a' = n(m-n), b' = m(m+n), c' = mn \) based on \( b'-c' \) and \( c'-a' \) being relatively prime, yielding \( a = 268 \) with gcd \( d = 67 \).
By inspection, if we plug in \( x = 17 \), it gives \( 7 \cdot 10 = 70 \) on both sides of the linear equation due to symmetrical properties. Therefore, the solution to the equation is \( x = 17 \).
The principle involves expressing a number as \( x^n - y \) with both expressions being prime, suggesting nimbleness. This was demonstrated through examples such as \( 14 \) and \( 13 \), positing a hypothesis applicable to all integers albeit proving requires disciplined mathematical effort .
The deduction involves setting \( x+y+z \) over specific substitutions \( x = \frac{1}{2}a, y = \frac{1}{2}a, z = 51-a \) under AM-GM constraints such that \( a\sqrt{51-a} \leq 34\sqrt{17} \). Technically, solve for maximization requiring calculus for thorough constraint check, confirming \( a = 34 \) achieves maximum \( 34\sqrt{17} \) accurately .