Questions

1)Find the general solution of the following differential equations

a) y′′ + 6y ′ = 0 b) 9y ′′ − 16y = 0

c) y′′ − 8y ′ + 9y = 0 d) y ′′ − 4y ′ − 4y = 0

e) y′′ + 3y ′ − 4y = 0 f ) y ′′ + 5y ′ + 6y = 0

2)Find the solution of the following initial value problems

a) y′′ + 2y ′ − 3y = 0 y(0) = 1, y ′ (0) = 0

b) y′′ + 4y ′ + 3y = 0 y(0) = 3, y ′ (0) = −1

c) 12 y′′ − 7y ′ + y = 0 y(0) = 4, y ′ (0) = 0

d) y′′ + 3y ′ = 0 y(0) = 0, y ′ (0) = 3

e) y′′ + 6y ′ + 3y = 0 y(0) = 1, y ′ (0) = 0

f) 2y′′ + y ′ − 4y = 0 y(0) = 0, y ′ (0) = 2

g) y′′ + 8y ′ − 9y = 0 y(2) = 1, y ′ (2) = 0

h) 9 y′′ − y = 0 y(−2) = 1, y ′ (−2) = −1

3)Find the general solution of the following differential equations

a) y′′ − 4y ′ + 5y = 0 b) y ′′ − 2y ′ + 8y = 0

c) y′′ + 3y ′ − 10y = 0 d) y ′′ + 4y ′ + 5y = 0

e) y′′ + 6y ′ + 10y = 0 f ) 9y ′′ + 16y = 0

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g) y′′ + 6y ′ + 9.25y = 0 h) 9y ′′ + 3y ′ − 2y = 0

i) y′′ + y ′ + 4.25y = 0 j) y ′′ + 6y ′ + 11.25y = 0

4) Find the solution of the following initial value problems

a) y′′ + 4y = 0 y(0) = 1, y ′ (0) = 0

b) y′′ + 4y ′ + 5y = 0 y(0) = 1, y ′ (0) = 1

c) y′′ − 2y ′ + 5y = 0 y( π2 ) = 0, y ′ ( π2 ) = 4

d) y′′ + y = 0 y( π3 ) = 2, y ′ ( π3 ) = −2

e) y′′ + y ′ + 1.25y = 0 y(0) = 3, y ′ (0) = 0

f) y′′ + 2y ′ + 2y = 0 y( π4 ) = 2, y ′ ( π4 ) = 0

5)Find the general solution of the following differential equations

a) y′′ + 2y ′ + y = 0 b) 9y ′′ + 12y ′ + 4y = 0

c) 4y′′ − 8y ′ − 5y = 0 d) 4y ′′ + 12y ′ + 9y = 0

e) y′′ + 2y ′ + 10y = 0 f ) y ′′ − 10y ′ + 25y = 0

g) 2y′′ + 5y ′ + 2y = 0 h) 16y ′′ − 24y ′ + 9y = 0

i) 25 y′′ − 30y ′ + 9y = 0 j) 2y ′′ + 2y ′ + y = 0

6) Find the solution of the following initial value problems

a) 9y′′ − 12y ′ + 4y = 0 y(0) = 2, y ′ (0) = −2

b) y′′ − 6y ′ + 9y = 0 y(0) = 0, y ′ (0) = 3

c) 9y′′ + 6y ′ + 82y = 0 y(0) = −3, y ′ (0) = 3

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 d) y′′ + 4y ′ + 4y = 0 y(−1) = 2, y ′ (−1) = 3

7) Use the method of the reduction of order to find a second solution of the following
differential equations

a) t2 y ′′ − 4ty ′ + 6y = 0, t>0 y1 (t) = t3

b) t2 y ′′ + ty ′ − 4y = 0, t>0 y1 (t) = t2

c) t2 y ′′ + 3ty ′ + y = 0, t>0 y1 (t) = t−1

d) t2 y ′′ − t(t + 2)y ′ + (t + 2)y = 0, t>0 y1 (t) = t

e) x y′′ − y ′ + 4x3 y = 0, x>0 y1 (x) = sin x2

f) (x-1) y′′ − xy ′ + y = 0, x>0 y1 (x) = ex

8) Find the general solution of the following differential equations

a) y′′ − 2y ′ − 3y = 6e2t b) y ′′ + 2y ′ + 5y = 4 sin 2t

c) y′′ − y ′ − 2y = −3 + 4t2 d) y ′′ + y ′ − 6y = 18e3t + 12e−2t

e) y′′ − 2y ′ − 3y = −6te−t f ) y ′′ + 2y ′ = 5 + 4 sin 2t

g) y′′ + 9y = t2 e3t + 18 h) y ′′ + 2y ′ + y = 4e−t

i) 2y′′ + 3y ′ + y = −t2 + 3 cos t j) y ′′ + y = 4 sin 2t + t2t

k) y′′ + y ′ + 4y = 4 sinh t l) y ′′ − y ′ − 2y = 3 cosh 2t

9) Find the solution of the following initial value problems

a) y′′ + y ′ − 2y = 2t y(0) = 2, y ′ (0) = 2

b) y′′ + 4y = t2 + 3et y(0) = 0, y ′ (0) = 1

c) y′′ − 2y ′ + y = tet + 4 y(0) = 2, y ′ (0) = 1

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 d) y′′ − 2y ′ − 3y = 3te2t y(0) = 3, y ′ (0) = 0

e) y′′ + 4y = 3 sin 2t y(0) = 0, y ′ (0) = −1

f) y′′ + 2y ′ + 5y = 4e−t cos 2t y(0) = 0, y ′ (0) = 0

10) Find a particular solution of the following differential equations

a) y′′ + 3y ′ = t2 e−3t + 2 sin 3t

b) y′′ + 2y ′ + 5y = t + 2t sin t

c) y′′ − 5y ′ + 6y = et sin 2t

d) y′′ + 2y ′ + 2y = 2e−t

e) y′′ − 4y ′ + 4y = 4te2t + 4t2

f) y′′ + 4y = t2 sin 2t

g) y′′ + 3y ′ + 2y = et t2 + sin 2t

h) y′′ + 2y ′ + 5y = 3te−t cos 2t

11) Use the method of variation of parameters to find a particular solution of the following
differential equations

a) y′′ − 5y ′ + 6y = 4et

b) y′′ − y ′ − 2y = 4e−t

c) y′′ + 2y ′ + y = 6e−t

d) 4 y′′ − 4y ′ y = 8et/2

12) Find the general solution of the following differential equations

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 a) y′′ + y = 2 0<t< π
2

b) y′′ + 9y = 9 sec2 3t 0<t< π

6

c) y′′ + 4y ′ + 4y = 2t−2 e−2t t>0

d) y′′ + 4y = 3 csc 2t 0<t< π

2

e) 4 y′′ + y = 8 sec(t/2) −π <t<π

et
f) y′′ − 2y ′ + y = (1+t2 )

13) Find the general solution of the following differential equations.

Verify that the given functions are solutions of the differential equations, and determine their
Wronskian
a) y′′′ + 4y ′ = 0 1, cos 2t, sin 2t

b) y4 + 9y ′′ = 0 1, t, cos 3t, sin 3t

c) y4 + 2y ′′′ + y ′′ = 0 1, t, e−t , te−t

14)Find the general solution of the following differential equations

′′′
a)y − 3y ′′ + 4y = 0 b)y ′′′ − 6y ′′ + 12y ′ − 8y = 0

′′′
c)2y − y ′′ − 2y ′ + y = 0 d)y (4) − 6y ′′′ + 9y ′′ = 0

e) y(4) − 10y ′′ + 9y = 0 f )y (6) + y = 0

15) Find the solution of the following initial value problems

a) y′′′ + y ′ = 0 y(0) = 1, y ′ (0) = 1, y ′′ (0) = 2

b) y4 + y = 0 y(0) = 0, y ′ (0) = 0, y ′′ (0) = −2 y ′′′ (0) = 0

c) 6y′′′ + 5y ′′ + y ′ = 0 y(0) = 1, y ′ (0) = 1, y ′′ (0) = 2

d) 4y′′′ + y ′ + y = 0 y(0) = 2, y ′ (0) = 1, y ′′ (0) = −1

16) i)Seek power series solutions of the given differential equations about the point x0 , find

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the recurrence relation
ii)Find the first four terms in each of two solutions y1 and y2 .
a) y′′ − y = 0, x0 = 0 b)y ′′ − xy ′ − y = 0, x0 = 0

c) y′′ − xy ′ − y = 0, x0 = 1 d)xy ′′ + y ′ + xy = 0, x0 = 1

e)(1+x2 )y ′′ − 4xy ′ + 6y = 0, x0 = 0 f )(4 − x2 )y ′′ + 2y = 0, x0 = 0

g)(1-x) y′′ + xy ′ − y = 0, x0 = 0 h)2y ′′ + xy ′ + 3y = 0, x0 = 0

17) Find all singular points of the given equation and determine whether each one is regular
or irregular
a) xy′′ + (2 − x)y ′ + xy = 0, b)x2 (1 − x)2 y ′′ + 3xy ′ + 4y = 0,

c) x2 (1 − x)y ′′ + (x − 3)y ′ − 3xy = 0, d)x2 (1 − x2 )y ′′ + x2 y ′ + 4y = 0,

e) (1-x2 )2 y ′′ + x(1 − x)y ′ + (1 + x)y = 0, f )x2 y ′′ + xy ′ + (x2 − v 2 )y = 0,

g) (x+3) y′′ − 4xy ′ + (1 − x2 )y = 0, h)x(3 − x)y ′′ + (x + 1)y ′ − 4y = 0,

i) (x2 + x − 2)y ′′ + (x + 1)y ′ + 4y = 0, j)xy ′′ + ex y ′ + (3 cos x)y = 0,

k) x2 y ′′ + 3(sin x)y ′ + (1 + x2 )y = 0, l)xy ′′ + y ′ + (cot x)y = 0,

m) (sin x)y ′′ + xy ′ + 2y = 0, n)(x sin x)y ′′ + 3y ′ + 2xy = 0,

18)i) Find all the regular singular points of the given differential equation

ii) Determine the indical equation and the exponents at the singularity for each regular
singular point.
a) xy′′ + 2xy ′ + 6ex y = 0, b)x2 y ′′ + x(2 + x)y ′ + (2 + x3 )y = 0,

c) x(x-1) y′′ + 6x2 y ′ + 3y = 0, d)y ′′ + 2xy ′ + 6y = 0,

e) x2 y ′′ + 3(sin x)y ′ − 4y = 0, f )3x(x + 2)y ′′ + y ′ − xy = 0,

g) x2 y ′′ + 21 (x + sin x)y ′ + 2y = 0, h)(x + 1)2 y ′′ + 4(x2 − 1)y ′ + 4y = 0,

i) x2 (1 − x)y ′′ − (x + 1)y ′ + 3xy = 0, j)(x − 2)2 (x + 2)y ′′ + 4xy ′ + 3(x − 2)y = 0,

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 k) (4-x2 )y ′′ + 4xy ′ + 3y = 0, l)x(x + 3)2 y ′′ − 3(x + 3)y ′ − xy = 0,

19) i) Find the exponents at the singular point x = 0.

ii) Find the first three nonzero terms in each of two solutions about x = 0

a) xy′′ + y ′ − y = 0, b)xy ′′ + 2xy ′ + 6ex y = 0,

c) x(x-1 )y′′ + 6x2 y ′ + 3y = 0, d)xy ′′ + y = 0,

e) x2 y ′′ + (sin x)y ′ − (cos x)y = 0

20) Find the Laplace transform of the given functions a and b are real constants

a)f(t)=cosh bt b)f (t) = sinh bt

c) f(t)=eat cosh bt d)f (t) = eat sinh bt

21) Find the Laplace transform of the given functions; a and b are real constants

a)f(t)=sin bt b)f (t) = cos bt

c) f(t)=eat cos bt d)f (t) = eat sin bt

22) Use integration by parts to find the Laplace transform of the given functions; a is a
real constant and n is a positive integer

a)f(t)=t eat b)f (t) = t cos at

c) f(t)=tn eat d)f (t) = t sinh at

e)f(t)= t2 cos at f )f (t) = t2 cosh at

23) Determine whether the given integral converges or diverges

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 Z ∞ Z ∞
−1
a) 2
(t + 1) dt b) te−2t dt
Z 0∞ Z ∞
0

c) t−3 et dt d) e−t sin tdt

1 0

24) Find the inverse Laplace transform of the following functions

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a)F (s) = b)F (s) =
s2 +4 (s − 1))3
3 2s
c)F (s) = d)F (s) =
s2 + 3s − 4 s2 −s−6
3s + 3 2s + 1
e)F (s) = f )F (s) =
s2 + 2s + 5 s2 − 4
2s + 3 8s2 − 6s + 12
g)F (s) = h)F (s) =
s2 − 2s + 2 s(s2 + 4)
3 − 2s 2s − 5
i)F (s) = j)F (s) =
s2 + 4s + 5 s2 + 2s + 10

25) Use the Laplace transform to solve the following initial value problems

a) y′′ − y ′ − 6y = 0 y(0) = 2, y ′ (0) = −1,

b) y′′ + 3y ′ + 2y = 0 y(0) = 1, y ′ (0) = 2,

c) y′′ − 2y ′ + 2y = 0 y(0) = 1, y ′ (0) = 1,

d) y′′ − 4y ′ + 4y = 0 y(0) = 1, y ′ (0) = 3,

e) y′′ − 2y ′ + 4y = 0 y(0) = 3, y ′ (0) = −0,

f) y′′ + 2y ′ + 5y = 0 y(0) = 2, y ′ (0) = −4,

g) y4 − 4y ′′′ + 6y ′′ − 4y ′ + y = 0 y(0) = 0, y ′ (0) = 1, y ′′ (0) = 0 y ′′′ (0) = 1

h) y4 − y = 0 y(0) = 1, y ′ (0) = 0, y ′′ (0) = 1 y ′′′ (0) = 0

i) y4 − 4y = 0 y(0) = 1, y ′ (0) = 0, y ′′ (0) = −2 y ′′′ (0) = 0

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j) y′′ + w2 y = cos 2t w2 ̸= 4y(0) = 1, y ′ (0) = 0,

k) y′′ − 2y ′ + 2y = cos t y(0) = 1, y ′ (0) = 1,

l) y′′ − 2y ′ + 2y = e−t y(0) = 1, y ′ (0) = 1,

m) y′′ + 2y ′ + y = 4e−t y(0) = 2, y ′ (0) = −1,

26) Find the Laplace transform of the following functions


1, 0 ≤ t < 2π
a)f (t) =
0, 2π≤t<∞


t, 0≤t<3
b)f (t) =
0, 3≤t<∞


t, 0≤t<3
c)f (t) =
1, 3≤t<∞


 t, 0≤t<1
d)f (t) = 2 − t, 1≤t<2
0, 2≤t<∞
