DON HONORIO VENTURA STATE UNIVERSITY

SCHOOL OF LAW
Bacolor, Pampanga

2ND SEMESTER SY 2023-2024

SYLLABUS – CIVIL PROCEDURE 1

(Sections 1 & 2, Saturday 12 noon-3:00 P.M.)

PART 1

TOPIC REMARKS/CASES/JURISPRUDENCE
 Orientation
WEEK 1  Setting of House Rules
 Course Requirement
 Grading System
 Course Overview

WEEKS 2 to 3

COVERAGE OF CIVIL PROCEDURE Rule 1 To 39 of the Rules of Civil Procedure

1

RULE MAKING POWER OF THE

SUPREME COURT  1987 Constitution (Section 5 (5), Article VIII)
 General Power  Estipona vs. Lobrigo (G.R. No. 226679, 15 August 2017)
 Limitations on the rule-making Enrile vs. Sandiganbayan ( G.R. No. 213847, 18 August 2015)
power
 Power to amend, repeal and suspend
rules
 Power to establish new rules
MAJOR ASPECTS OF REMEDIAL Civil Procedure (Rule 1 to 71)
LAW Special Proceedings (Rule 72 to 109)
Criminal Procedure (Rule 110 to 127)
Evidence (Rule 128 to 134)
 Special Rules (SC Circulars & other Issuances)

SCOPE OF CIVIL PROCEDURE Ordinary Civil Action (Rules 1 to 56)

Provisional Remedies (Rules 57-61)
Special Civil Action (Rules 62-71)

PROSPECTIVE APPLICATION OF Bermejo vs. Barrios, 31 SCRA 764, 776)

PROCEDURAL RULES; Rule 144, Rules of Court, as amended by A.M. No. 19-10-20-SC
EXCEPTIONS Tan vs. Court of Appeals, 373 SCRA 524, 537)

LIBERAL CONSTRUCTION OF  Felix Martos, et al. v. New San Jose Builders, Inc., G.R. No. 192650, October
PROCEDURAL RULES 24, 2012
 Maria Consolacion Rivera-Pascual v. Sps. Marilyn Lim, et al., G.R. No.
191837, September 19, 2012
SOURCES 1987 Constitution (Section 5 (5), Article VIII)
Rules of Court, as amended by A.M. No. 19-10-20-SC
B.P. Blg. 129 (Judiciary Reorganization Act of 1980)
Republic Act No. 7691
Rule on Summary Procedure
Rule on Small Claims Cases
The Rules on Expedited Procedures in the First Level Courts (A.M. No. 08-
8-7-SC)
Katarungang Pambarangay Law (R.A. No. 7160 or Local Government Code
& its Implementing Rules & Regulations)
Supreme Court Circular, Memorandum and other Issuances

ACTIONS OR PROCEEDINGS Civil Actions

GOVERNED BY THE RULES OF Criminal Actions
COURT Special Proceedings

ACTIONS OR PROCEEDINGS NOT The Rules of Court shall not apply to the following cases:
GOVERNED BY THE RULES OF
COURT Election cases
Land registration cases
Cadastral cases
Naturalization cases, and
Insolvency proceedings

But it may also be applied:

 By analogy
  In a suppletory in character

(Section 4, Rule 1 of the Rules of Court, as amended by A.M. No. 19-10-20-

SC)

ROC does not also apply to

 Cases before administrative bodies
 Cases before quasi-judicial bodies (e.g. COMELEC, Board of
Medicines)
 Labor Disputes (Labor Arbiter, NLRC)

GENERAL  Concept of Remedial Law:

PRINCIPLES/PRELIMINARIES 1. Alfonso SIngson Cortal vs. Inaki Larrazabal (G.R. No. 199107, 30
 Define: Rules of Court August 2017)
 Concept/Nature of Remedial Law  Nature of Remedial Law:
 Remedial Law vs. Substantive Law 1. Alvero vs. De La Rosa (G.R. No. L-286, 29 March 1946)
 Remedial Law vs. Substantive Law:
1. Bustos vs Lucero (G.R. No. L-2086, 08 March 1949)
2. Rodante Guyamin et al. vs. Jacinto Flores, G.R. No. 202189, 25
April 2017)
CLASSIFICATION OF COURTS IN
THE PHIIPPINES:
a. Courts of general jurisdiction vs.
Courts of special or limited jurisdiction
b. Courts of original jurisdiction vs.
Courts of appellate jurisdiction
c. Superior Courts vs. Inferior Courts
d. Courts of Record vs. Courts not of
Record
e. Constitutional Courts vs. Statutory
Courts
f. Court of Law vs. Courts of Equity
CLASSIFICATION OF
JURISDICTION BASED ON ITS
NATURE
a. General Jurisdiction vs. Special or
Limited Jurisdiction
b. Original Jurisdiction vs. Appellate
Jurisdiction
c. Exclusive Jurisdiction vs.
Concurrent Jurisdiction
d. Delegated Jurisdiction vs. Special
e. Territorial Jurisdiction
ASPECTS OF JURISDICTION:  Optima Realty Corporation vs. Hertz Phils (G.R. No. 183035, 09
a. Jurisdiction over the parties January 2013)
b. Subject matter or the nature of the  Afdal & Afdal vs. Carlos (G.R. No. 173379, 01 December 2010
action  Boston Equity Resources, Inc. vs. Court of Appeals (G.R. No. 173946,
c. Jurisdiction over the issues of the 19 June 2013)
case EFFECT OF LACK OF JURISDICTION OVER SUBJECT MATTER
d. Jurisdiction over the res (or the  Bureau of Customs vs. Devenadera (G.R. No. 193253 08
property or thing which is the September 2015)
subject of the litigation)
JURISDICTION  Mitsubishi Motors vs. Bureau of Customs (G.R. No. 209830, 17 June
2015)
  Macasaet, et al. vs. People (G.R. No. 156747, 23 February 2005)
 Guillermo Salvador, et al. vs. Patricia, Inc.
(G.R. No. 195834, 09 November 2016)
JURISDICTION vs. VENUE  Consolidated Trust Bank Co. vs. Intermediate Appellate Court,
 Define Jurisdiction 198 SCRA 3442 (1991)
 Define Venue  Augusto Benedicto Santos vs. North East Airlines & Court of Appeals
 Distinction (G.R. No. 101538, 23 June 1992
 Nucum vs. Tan 145022, 23 September 2005)
ERROR OF JUDGEMENT vs.  First Corporation v. Former Sixth Division of Court of Appeals, et al.,
ERRORS OF JURISDICTION G.R. No. 171989, July 4, 2007

COURT vs. JUDGE  People vs. Carlos, 78 Phil 535, 543)

 Meaning/Definition of Court  ABC Davao Auto Supply, Inc. vs. Court of Appeals, 284 SCRA 218,
 Meaning/Definition of Judge 222)
 Distinction of Court and Judge
DOCTRINES/RULE  Doctrine of Hierarchy of Courts
 Doctrine of Hierarchy of 1. Senator Leila De Lima vs. Hon. Juanita Guerrero et al. (G.R. No.
Courts/Principle of Judicial 229781)
Hierarchy 2. Quezon vs. DECS (G.R. No. 188720, 23 February 2016)
 Doctrine of Non-Interference or  Doctrine of Hierarchy of Courts, Exception
Doctrine of Judicial Stability 1. Republic vs. Sereno (G.R. No. 237428, 11 May 2018)
 Doctrine of Primary Jurisdiction  Doctrine of Primary Jurisdiction
 Pro Hac Vice Rule 1. Heirs of Latayan vs. Tan (G.R. No. 201652, 02 December 2015)
 Doctrine of Exhaustion of Transcendental Importance
Administrative Remedies 1. United Claimants Assn. of NEA vs. NEA (G.R. No. 187107, 31 January
 Doctrine of Adherence of Jurisdiction 2012
 (continuity of jurisdiction)  Doctrine of Non-Interference
 Doctrine of Ancillary (incidental Phividec Industry Authority vs. Cagayan Electric Power & Light Co.
jurisdiction)  Doctrine of Non-Interference, Exceptions
 Omnibus Motion Rule  Doctrine of Adherence of Jurisdiction
1. Heirs of Tunged vs. Sta. Lucia Realty (G.R. No. 231737, 06 March
2018)

PRESENT/EXISTING COURTS IN A. Constitutionally created court

THE PHILS.; 1. Supreme Court

JURISDICTION B. Courts created under B.P. No. 129

1. Court of Appeals
2. Regional Trial Courts
3. Metropolitan Trial Courts
4. Municipal Trial Court in Cities
5. Municipal Trial Courts

C. Court created by law pursuant to a constitutional mandate –

Sandiganbayan (P.D. 1486, its enactment is by virtue of Sec. 5, Art. XIII,
1973 Constitution but continues to be recognized by the 1987 Constitution).

D. Court created pursuant to special law-

1. Court created under Republic Act No. 1125, as amended by R.A. 9282
and 9503 – Court of Tax Appeals
2. Courts created under P.D. No. 1083 otherwise known as: “Code of
Muslim Personal Laws of the Philippines”
 a. Shari’a Appellate Court - unorganized
b. Shari’a District Courts – 5 District Courts
c. Shari’a Circuit Courts

JURISDICTION OF COURTS (CIVIL)

a. SUPREME COURT – Section 5 (5) Article VIII, 1987 Constitution;
Section 7, Article IX, 1987 Constitution
b. COURT OF APPEALS – Section 9, B.P. Blg. 129 (as amended by
R.A. 7902)
c. REGIONAL TRIAL COURT – Sections 19, 21, 22 of B.P. Blg. 129
and R.A. No. 7691 (Expanded Jurisdiction of MeTC, MTCC, MTC
and MCTC), R.A. No. 8369 (Family Courts Act)
MeTC, MTCC, MTC and MCTC) – Sections 33, 34, 35 of B.P. Blg. 129

JURISDICTION OF COURT OF APPEALS:

COURTS/JURISPRUDENCE  Trinidad Diaz-Enriquez vs. Director of Lands
(G.R. No. 168065/G.R. No. 168070, September 6, 2017)
 St. Martin Fuenral Homes vs. NLRC, et al. (G.R. No. 130866, 16
September 1998)
 Fabian vs. Disierto et al. (G.R. No. 129742, 16 September 1998)

REGIONAL TRIAL COURTS:

 PNB VS. Court of Appeals, et al. (G.R. No. 192353, March 15, 2017)

METROPOLITAN TRIAL COURT, MUNICIPAL TRIAL COURT IN

CITIES, MUNICIPAL TRIAL COURT, MUNICIPAL CIRCUIT TRIAL
COURTS:
  Supapo v. Sps. De Jesus, G.R. No. 198356, April 20, 2015

SHARI’A COURT
 The Municipality of Tangkal vs. Hon. Rasad B. Balindong, et al. (G.R.
No. 193340, January 11, 2017)

JURISDICTION OVER SMALL CLAIMS:

 A.L. Ang Network, Inc. v. Emma Mondejar, et al., G.R. No. 200804,
January 22, 2014

RULE ON SUMMARY PROCEDURE

 Fiorello R. Jose v. Roberto Alfuerto, et al., G.R. No. 169380,
November 26, 2012
 Republic of the Philippines v. Valentina Espinosa, Registrar of Deeds
of Negros Occidental [Link]., G.R. No. 186603, April 5, 2017

BARANGAY CONCILIATION
 Jose Audie Abagatnan et al [Link] Jonathan Clarito And Elsa
Clarito, G.R. No. 211966. August 7, 2017
 Gegare v. CA, G.R. No. 83907, September 13, 1989
 Sanchez v. Tupaz, G.R. No. 76690, February 29, 1988
 Vda. De Borromeo v. Pogoy, G.R. No. L-63277, November 29, 1983
 Peregrina v. Panis, 133 SCRA 75
 Librada M. Aquino v. Ernest Aure, G.R. No. 153567, February 18,
2008
 Crisanta Alcaraz Miguel v. Jerry D. Montanez, G.R. No. 191336,
 January 25, 2012

TOTALITY RULE
 Flores v. Mallare-Phillips, 144 SCRA 377

BASIC PROCESSES OF ORDINARY I. COMPLAINT

CIVIL ACTION: a. Right of action and cause of action
b. Jurisdiction
c. Venue
d. Parties
e. Prescription and condition precedent
f. Preparation of Complaint
g. Provisional Remedies
h. Filing of the complaint
i. Possible scenarios after the filing of the complaint
II. SUMMONS
a. Motion for Bill of Particulars
b. Motion to Dismiss
III. ANSWER
a. Default
b. Counter-claim, cross-claim, third-party complaint, reply and
intervention
IV. PRE-TRIAL
V. TRIAL
VI. VI. JUDGEMENT
VII. POST JUDGEMENT REMEDIES

VIII. EXECUTION AND SATISFACTION OF JUDGEMENT

 WEEKS 4 TO 6

CIVIL PROCEDURE
KINDS OF ACTIONS Civil actions vs. special proceedings

1. Ordinary civil actions  Ramon Ching and Po Wing Corp. v. Rodriguez, et al., G.R. No.
192828, November 28, 2011
2. Special civil actions
Personal actions and real actions
3. Criminal actions
 Paglaum Management & Development Corp. and Health Marketing
4. Civil actions vs. special proceedings Technologies, Inc. v. - Union Bank of the Philippines, et al., G.R. No.
179018, June 18, 2012
5. Personal actions and real actions
 United Alloy Philipines Corporation, Spouses David C. Chua and
6. Local and transitory actions Luten Chua vs. United Coconut Planters Bank, G.R. No. 175949,
January 30, 2017
7. Actions in rem, in personam and quasi
in rem Actions in rem, in personam and quasi in rem

8. Independent civil action  Belen v. Chavez, 549 SCRA 479

  Planters Development Bank v. Julie Chandumal, G. R. No.
195619, September 5, 2012
 Biaco v. Philippine Countryside Rural Bank, 515 SCRA 106
 Yu v. Pacleb, etc., G.R. No. 172172, February 24, 2009

PAYMENT OF DOCKET FEES  Manchester Development v. CA, 149, SCRA 562

 Sun Insurance Office Ltd. v. Asuncion, 170 SCRA 274
 Ballatan v. CA, 304 SCRA 34
 Heirs of Reinoso, Sr. v. CA, 654 SCRA 1
 Re: In the Matter of Exemption from payment of All Court and
Sheriff’s Fees of Cooperatives Duly Registered in Accordance with
RA NO. 9520, [A.M. No. 12-2-03-0, March 13, 2012]
 Ricardo Rizal, etal. v. Leoncia Naredo, et al., G.R. No. 151898, March
14, 2012

CAUSE OF ACTION Meaning of cause of action

 Manuel C. Ubas, Sr. [Link] Chan, G.R. No. 215910, February 6,

1. Meaning of cause of action 2017
 Goodland Company, Inc. v. Asia United Bank, et al., G.R. No.
2. Elements of cause of action 195561, March 14, 2012
3. Right of action versus cause of action Elements of cause of action
4. Failure to state a cause of action  Relucio v. Lopez, 373 SCRA 578
 Juana Complex I Homeowners Association, Inc. et al. v. Fil-Estate
5. Test of sufficiency of a cause of action
Land, Inc. G.R. No. 152272, March 5, 2012
6. Splitting a single cause of action and its Right of action versus cause of action
effects
Failure to state a cause of action
7. Joinder and misjoinder of causes of
action  Asia Brewery Inc. and Charles Go v. Equitable PCI Bank (now BDO),
G.R. No. 190432, April 25, 2017
 Butuan Development Corporation(BDC) v. Court of Appeals
(Mindanao Station), [Link]., G.R. No. 197358, April 5, 2017
 Miguel "Lucky" Guillermo and AV Manila Creative Production Co. v.
Philippine Information Agency and Department of Public Works and
Highways, G.R. No. 223751 March 15, 2017

Test of sufficiency of a cause of action

 Jose Diaz, Jr. and Adelina McMullen vs Salvador Valenciano, Jr.

(G.R. 209376, December 6, 2017)
 Misamis Occidental II Cooperative, Inc. v. David, 468 SCRA 63
 Juana Complex I Homeowners Association, Inc. et al. v. Fil-Estate
Land, Inc. G.R. No. 152272, March 5, 2012
 BSP v. Legaspi, G.R. No. 205966, March 2, 2016

Splitting a single cause of action and its effects

 Goodland Company, Inc. v. Asia United Bank, et al., G.R. No.

195561, March 14, 2012
 Philippine National Bank v. Getway Property Holdings, Inc., G.R. No.
181485, February 15, 2012
PARTIES TO CIVIL ACTIONS

1. REAL PARTY-IN-INTEREST Real Party-In-Interest

2. LOCUS STANDI  Salonga v. Warner Barnes & Co., 88 Phil 125

 Fortich v. Corona, 289 SCRA 624
3. INDISPENSABLE PARTY  Samaniego v. Aguila, 334 SCRA 438
 Theodore and Nancy Ang, etc. v. Spouses Alan and Em Ang, G.R. No.
4. REPRESENTATIVES AS PARTIES
186993, August 22, 2012
5. NECESSARY PARTY  Teodulfo E. Lao, Jr. vs. LGU of Cagayan De Oro City, G.R. No.
187869. September 13, 2017
6. INDIGENT PARTY
Locus Standi
7. ALTERNATIVE DEFENDANTS
 Most Reverend Pedro D. Arigo v. Scott S. Swift, G.R. No. 206510,
8. COMPULSORY AND PERMISSIVE September 16, 2014
JOINDER OF PARTIES  Resident Marine Mammals of the Protected Seascape Tanon Strait v.
Sec. Angelo Reyes, G.R. No. 180771, April 21, 2015
9. MISJOINDER AND NON-JOINDER
OF PARTIES Indispensable Party

10. CLASS SUIT  Philippine Veterans Bank, Petitioner, V. Spouses Ramon And
Annabelle Sabado, Respondents, G.R. No. 224204. August 30, 2017
11. SUITS AGAINST ENTITIES  Spring Homes Subdivision Co., Inc., Spouses Pedro L. Lumbres and
WITHOUT JURIDICAL PERSONALITY Rebecca T. Roaring [Link] Pedro Tablada, Jr. and Zenaida
Tablada, G.R. No. 200009, January 23, 2017
  Simny G. Guy, et al. v. Gilbert Guy, G.R. No. 189486, September 5,
2012
12. HOW TO IMPLEAD UNKNOWN  Living @Sense, Inc. v. Malayan Insurance Company, Inc., G.R. No.
OWNER 193753, September 26, 2012
 Philip L. Go, et al. v. Distinction Properties Development and
13. EFFECT OF DEATH OF PARTY-
Construction, Inc., G.R. No. 194024, April 25, 2012
LITIGANT
 Sepulveda, Sr. v. Pelaez, G.R. No. 152195, January 31, 2005
14. SUBSTITUTION OF PARTIES  Socorro Limos, et al. v. Sps. Odiones, G.R. No. 186979, August 11,
2011
 Heirs of Faustino Mesina, etc. v. Heirs of Fian, et al., G.R. No.
201816, April 8, 2013
 Power Sector Assets and Liabilities Management Corporation
(PSALM), Petitioner vs.
 Court Of Appeals (21st Division), and Francisco Labao, as General
Manager of San Miguel Protective Security Agency (SMPSA),
Respondents, G.R. No. 194226, February 15, 2017

Representatives as Parties

 Theodore and Nancy Ang, etc. v. Spouses Alan and Em Ang, G.R. No.
186993, August 22, 2012

Necessary Party

 Seno v. Mangubat, 156 SCRA 113

Misjoinder and Non-Joinder Of Parties

  In the matter of Heirship (Intestate Estate) of the Late Hermogenes
Rodriguez, et al. v. Jaime Robles, G.R. No. 182645, December 15,
2010

Class Suit

 Borlasa v. Polistico, 47 Phil 345

 Newsweek Inc., v. IAC, 142 SCRA 171
 Oposa v. Factoran, 224 SCRA 792
 Ortigas& Co., Limited Partnership v. Ruiz, 148 SCRA 326
 Banda, et al. v. Ermita, et al., G.R. No. 16620, April 20, 2010
 Juana Complex I Homeowners Association, Inc. et al. v. Fil-Estate
Land, Inc. G.R. No. 152272, March 5, 2012

How to Implead Unknown Owner

 Phil. Charter Insurance v. Explorer Maritime, G.R. No. 175409,

September 7, 2011

Effect of Death of Party-Litigant

 Riviera Filipina v. CA, G.R. No. 117355, April 5, 2002

 Lawas v. CA, et al., G.R. No. L-45809, December 12, 1986
 Conchita S. Uy, Et Al. V. Crispulo Del Castillo, Substituted By His
Heirs Paulita Manatad-Del Castillo Et Al., G.R. No. 223610, July 24,
2017
 Substitution of Parties

 -Spouses Amado O. Ibañez and Esther R. Ibañez, Petitioners vs. James

Harper as Representative of the Heirs of Francisco Muñoz, Sr., the
Register of Deeds of Manila and the Sheriff of Manila, Respondents,
G.R. No. 194272, February 15, 2017

VENUE OF ACTIONS Venue of Action

 Planters Development Bank v. Spouses Ramos, G.R. No. 228167,

1. VENUE VERSUS JURISDICTION September 20, 2017

2. VENUE OF REAL ACTIONS Venue Versus Jurisdiction

3. VENUE OF PERSONAL ACTIONS  -Pilipinas Shell Petroleum Corporation [Link] Ferry Services, Inc.,
G.R. No. 188146, February 1, 2017
4. VENUE OF ACTIONS AGAINST  -Nocum and Philippine Daily Inquirer v. Tan, G.R. No. 145022,
NON-RESIDENTS September 23, 2005
5. WHEN THE RULES ON VENUE Venue Of Real Actions
DO NOT APPLY
 Paglaum Management & Development Corp. and Health Marketing
Technologies, Inc. v. Union Bank of the Philippines, et al., G.R. No.
179018, June 18, 2012
 Venue of Personal Actions

 Theodore and Nancy Ang, etc. v. Spouses Alan and Em Ang, G.R. No.
186993, August 22, 2012
 Sps. Teodoro Saraza, et al. v. William Francisco, G.R. NO. 198718,
November 27, 2013
 Planters Development Bank vs. Spouses Victoriano and Melanie
Ramos, G.R. No. 228617, September 20, 2017
 Ley Construction and Development Corporation, represented by its
President, Janet C. Ley, Petitioner, vs. Marvin Medel Sedano, doing
business under the name and style "Lola Taba Lolo Pato Palengke at
Paluto Sa Seaside,", Respondent, G.R. No. 222711. August 23, 2017

When The Rules On Venue Do Not Apply

 Theodore and Nancy Ang, etc. v. Spouses Alan and Em Ang,

G.R. No. 186993, August 22, 2012

 Paglaum Management & Development Corp. and Health

Marketing Technologies, Inc.
 v. Union Bank of the Philippines, et al., G.R. No. 179018, June
18, 2012
 Polytrade Corp. v. Blanco, 30 SCRA 187
 Sweet Lines v. Teves, G.R. No. 28324, May 19, 1972

PLEADINGS
1. KINDS OF PLEADINGS

A. COMPLAINT
 -Philip L. Go, et al. v. Distinction Properties Dev’l and Construction
Inc., G.R. No. 194024, April 25, 2012
b. ANSWER (Negative defenses,  -Republic v. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 152154, July 15, 2003
Affirmative defenses, negative  -The Provincial Government of Surigao Del Sur, G.R. No. 220211,
pregnant) June 5, 2017

c. COUNTERCLAIMS  Manuel C. Bungcayao, Sr., etc. v. Fort Ilocandia Property Holdings

(Compulsory counterclaim, and Dev’l Corp., G.R. No. 170483, April 19, 2010
permissive counterclaim, Effect on
the counterclaim when complaint is
dismissed, effect if compulsory
counterclaim is not answered

d. CROSS-CLAIMS

e. THIRD (FOURTH, ETC.)  Philtranco Service Enterprises, Inc. v. Felix Paras and Inland
PARTY COMPLAINTS Trailways, Inc., et al., G.R. No. 161909, April 25, 2012

f. COMPLAINT IN
INTERVENTION

g. REPLY
2. PLEADINGS ALLOWED AND NOT
ALLOWED IN SMALL CLAIM
CASES AND CASES COVERED BY
THE RULES ON SUMMARY
PROCEDURE

3. PARTS AND CONTENTS OF A

PLEADING

A. CAPTION

B. THE BODY

C. SIGNATURE AND ADDRESS

D. VERIFICATION  Felix Martos, et al. v. New San Jose Builders, Inc., G.R. No. 192650,
October 24, 2012
 -Georgia T. Estel v. Recaredo P. Diego, Sr., et al., G.R. No. 174082,
January 16, 2012

E. CERTIFICATION AGAINST  -Atty. Emmanuel Agustin, et al. v. Alejandro Cruz-Herrera, G.R. No.
FORUM SHOPPING 174564, February 12, 2014
 -Pascual and Santos, Inc. v. The Members of the Tramo Wakas
Neighborhood Association, Inc., G.R. No. 144880, November 17,
2004
  Elsa D. Medado v. Heirs of the Late Antonio Consing, G.R. No.
186720, February 8, 2012
 Vivian T. Ramirez, et al. v. Mar Fishing Co., Inc., et al., G.R. No.
168208, June 13, 2012
 Malayan Insurance Co., Inc., Yvonne S. Yuchengco, Atty. Emmanuel
G. Villanueva, Sonny Rubin, Engr. Francisco Mondelo, and Michael
Requijo Petitioners. vs. Emma Concepcion L. Lin, Respondent, G.R.
No. 207277, January 16, 2017

F. CONTENTS OF A PLEADING

G. EFFECT OF SIGNATURE OF
COUNSEL IN A PLEADING

H. EFFECT OF SIGNING BY A
PERSON NOT AUTHORIZED TO
SIGN

4. ALLEGATIONS IN A PLEADING

A. Manner of Making Allegations  Ceroferr Realty Corp v. CA, 376 SCRA 144
 Asian Construction & Development Corp. v. Lourdes K. Mendoza,
 G.R. No. 176949, June 27, 2012
 Spouses Fernando & Ma. Elena Santos v. Lolita Alcazar, etc. G.R. No.
183034, March 12, 2014

1. Ultimate facts including the  Tantuico, Jr. v. Republic, G.R. No. 89114, December 2, 1991
evidence  D.M. Ferrer & Associates Corp. v. UST, G.R. No. 189496, February 1,
2012

2. Alternative causes of action or  La Mallorca v. CA, 17 SCRA 729

defenses

3. Conditions precedent
4. Capacity to sue or be sued
5. Fraud, mistake, malice, intent,
knowledge and other condition of the
mind, judgments, official documents
or acts

6. Pleading a judgment or decision

7. Pleading an actionable document  Ledda v. BPI, G.R. No. 200868, November 21, 2012
 Asian Construction & Development Corp. v. Lourdes Mendoza,
- [Link]. 176949, June 27, 2012

8. Specific denials (effect of failure to

make specific denial, when a specific
 denial requires an oath)
9. Affirmative defenses

5. EFFECT OF FAILURE TO PLEAD

a. Failure to plead defenses and  Boston Equity Resources, Inc. v. CA, et al., G.R. No. 173946, June 19,
objections 2013

b. Failure to plead a compulsory  Financial Building Corp. v. Forbes Park Association, G.R. No.
counterclaim and cross-claim 133119, August 17, 2000

6. DEFAULT
a. When declaration of default is  Natividad Lim v. National Power Corporation, et al., G.R. No. 178789,
proper November 14, 2012

b. Default, effect of an order of  Magdiwang Realty Corporation, et al. v. The Manila Banking
default, effect of partial default Corporation, etc., G.R. No. 195592, September 5, 2012

c. Relief from an order of default,  Sps. Manuel v. Ong, G.R. No. 205249, October 5, 2014
extent of relief to be awarded  Philippine Tourism Authority v. Philippine Golf Development &
Equipment, Inc. G.R. No. 176628, March 19, 2012
 Leticia Diona, etc. v. Romeo A. Balangue, et al., G.R. No. 173559,
January 7, 2013
 d. Actions where default is not
allowed

e. Effect of appeal by defaulted  Arquero v. CA, G.R. No. 168053, September 21, 2011
defendant

7. AMENDED AND SUPPLEMENTAL

PLEADINGS
a. Amendment as a matter of right  Lisam Enterprises, Inc. etc. v. BDO, et al., G.R. No. 143264, April 23,
2012

b. Amendment by leave of court

c. Formal amendment

d. Substantive amendment

e. No amendments to conform to or
authorize presentation of evidence

f. Supplemental pleadings, distinction  Ma. Mercedes Barba v. Liceo de Cagayan University, G.R. NO.
between amended and supplemental 193857, November 28,2012
pleadings  Central Bank Board of Liquidators vs. Banco Filipino Savings and
Mortgage Bank, G.R. No. 173399, February 21, 2017
 g. Effect of amended pleading  Sps. Villuga v. Kelly Hardware & Construction Supply, et al., G.R.
No. 176570, July 18, 2012

8. FILING OF RESPONSIVE
PLEADINGS
9. BILL OF PARTICULARS
a. Purpose and when applied for  Republic v. Sandiganbayan, 540 SCRA 431

b. Actions of the court

c. Compliance with the order and
effect of non-compliance
10. FILING AND SERVICE OF
PLEADINGS

a. Filing versus service of pleadings

b. Periods of filing pleadings
c. Manner of filing  Benguet Electric Cooperative, Inc. v. NLRC, G.R. No. 89070, May 18,
1992
-

d. Modes of service of pleadings  Salvador O. Mojar, et al. v. Agro Commercial Security Service
Agency, Inc., et al., G.R. No. 187188, June 27, 2012
-Service by electronic means and
  Mercedes S. Gatmaytan, vs. Francisco Dolor (Substituted by his Heirs)
facsimile and
 Hermogena Dolor, G.R. No. 198120, February 20, 2017
-Presumptive service

-Conventional service or filing

11. SUMMONS
a. Issuance of summons and its
contents

b. By whom served

c. Validity of summons and issuance

of alias summons

d. Effect if court has not validly  Planters Development Bank v. Julie Chandumal, G.R. No. 195619,
acquired jurisdiction over the person September 5, 2012
of the defendant

e. Nature and purpose of summons in  Biaco v. Philippine Countryside Rural Bank, 515 SCRA 106
relation to actions in personam, in  Bobie Rose D.V. Frias, etc. v. Rolando F. Alcayde, G.R. No. 194262,
rem, and quasi-in rem February 28, 2018

f. Voluntary appearance  Afdal & Afdal v. Carlos, G.R. No. 173379, December 1, 2010
 Oaminal v. Castillo, G.R. NO. 1527756, October 8, 2003
  Optima Realty Corporation v. Hertz Phil Exclusive, Inc. G.R. No.
183035, January 9, 2013
g. Personal service
h. Substituted service [at defendant’s  Planters Development Bank v. Julie Chandumal, G.R. No. 195619,
residence, office or regular place of September 5, 2012
business, officers of homeowners’  Manotoc v. Court of Appeals, 499 SCRA 21
association or condominium  Robinson v. Miralles, 510 SCRA 678
corporation, chief security officer in  Sixto N. Chu v. Mach Asia Trading Corp., G.R. No. 184333, April 1,
charge, by electronic mail] 2013
 -Carson Realty & Management Corporation vs. Red Robin Security
Agency and Monina C. Santos, G.R. No. 225035, February 8, 2017
 -Carmelita Borlongan v. Banco De Oro (formerly Equitable PCI
Bank), G.R. No. 217617 and 218540, April 5, 2017

i. Extraterritorial service, when  -Margarita Romuladez-Licaros v. Abelardo Licaros, G.R. NO. 150656,
allowed April 29, 2003
 -Steven Pavlow v. Cherry Mendenilla, G.R. No. 181489, April 19,
2017

j. Service by publication  -Express Padala (Italia) S.P.A., now BDO Remittance S.P.A. v.
Ocampo, G.R. No. 202505, September 6, 2017

k. Service upon domestic private juridical entity:

-entity without juridical personality  E.B. Villarosa & Partner Ltd. v. Benito, 312 SCRA 65
 G.V. Florida Transport, Inc. v. Tiara Commercial Corporation, G.R.
-prisoners No. 201378, October 18, 2017
 -minors and incompetents Public corporations

-spouses  Republic v. Domingo, G.R. No. 175299, September 14, 2011

-domestic private juridical entity

-Foreign private juridical entity

-Public corporations

-Defendant whose identity or

whereabouts unknown

-Residents temporarily out of the

Philippines

WEEKS 7-9

12. MOTIONS

13. MOTIONS IN GENERAL

a. Definition of motion
 b. Motions versus pleadings

c. Non-litigious motions

d. Litigious motions [notice and

hearing on litigious motions
discretionary]

e. Omnibus motion

f. Prohibited motions
g. Dismissal with prejudice
14. DISMISSAL OF ACTIONS

a. Dismissal upon notice by plaintiff;  -Go v. Cruz, et al., G.R. No. 58986, April 17, 1982
two-dismissal rule

-
b. Dismissal upon motion by plaintiff;
effect on existing counterclaim

c. Dismissal due to fault of plaintiff  -Shimizu Philippines Contractor, Inc. v. Mrs. Leticia b. Magsalin, et
al., G.R. No. 170026, June 20, 2012
 -Ma. Mercedes L. Barba v. Liceo de Cagayan University, G.R. No.
193857, November 28, 2012
 -Eloisa Merchandising, Inc. and Trebel International Inc. v. BDO
 Universal Bank, et al., G.R. No. 192716, June 13, 2012

WEEKS 10-12

15. PRE-TRIAL Pre-trial Order

a. Concept of pre-trial; nature and  -Phil. Export v. Amalgamated Management, et al., G.R. No. 177729,
purpose September 28, 2011
b. Notice of pre-trial
Court Annexed Mediation (CAM)
c. Appearance of parties; effect of
failure to appear  -Real Bank, Inc. v. Samsung Mabuhay Corporation, G.R. No. 175862,
October 13, 2010
d. Pre-trial brief; effects of failure to
file

e. Pre-trial Order

f. Distinction between pre-trial in civil

cases and in criminal cases

h. Effect of failure to set case for pre-

trial
 i. Court Annexed Mediation (CAM)

k. Judicial Dispute Resolution (JDR)

l. Judgment after pre-trial

16. INTERVENTION Definition of Intervention

a. Definition and nature  Office of the Ombudsman v. Leticia Barbara B. Gutierrez, G.R. No.
189100, June 21, 2017
b. Requisites for intervention
Requisites for intervention
c. Time to intervene
 Lorenza Ongco v. Valeriana Ungco Dalisay, G.R. No. 190810, July
d. Pleadings-in-intervention 18, 2012
e. Remedies if motion for intervention
is denied

17. CALENDAR OF CASES

18. SUBPOENA Quashing of subpoena; grounds

a. Subpoena duces tecum  In Re: Petition for Cancellation of Entries in the Record of Birth,
Emma K. lee v. CA, et al., G.R. No. 177861, July 13, 2010
b. Subpoena ad testificandum

c. Service of subpoena
 d. Compelling attendance of witnesses;
contempt

e. Viatory right of witnesses

f. Quashing of subpoena; grounds

19. COMPUTATION OF TIME

20. MODES OF DISCOVERY

a. Depositions pending action

b. Depositions before action or Depositions pending action

pending appeal
 Republic v. Sandiganbayan, et al., G.R. No. 152375, December 16,
c. Interrogatories to parties 2011

d. Admission by adverse party Depositions before action or pending appeal

e. Production or inspection of  Henry L. Go, et al. v. People, G.R. No. 185527, July 18, 2012
documents or things
Interrogatories to parties
f. Physical and mental examination of
persons  Sps. Vicente Afulugencia v. Metrobank, G.R. No. 185145, February 5,
2014
 g. Consequences of refusal to comply Admission by adverse party
with modes of discovery
 Rey Lanada v. CA, G.R. No. 102390, February 1, 2002
 DBP v. CA, et al., G.R. No. 153034, September 20, 2005

WEEKS 13-14

21. TRIAL

a. Continuous trial

b. Adjournments and postponements

c. Requisites of motion to postpone

trial for illness of party or counsel

d. Order of trial

e. Oral offer of exhibits

22. CONSOLIDATION OR
SEVERANCE OF TRIAL
23. TRIAL BY COMMISSIONER

WEEKS 15-16

24. DEMURRER TO EVIDENCE Nature of demurrer to evidence

a. Nature of demurrer to evidence  Nenita Gonzales, et al. v. Mariano Bugaay, et al., G.R. No. 173008,
February 22, 2012
b. Ground
 Frederick Felipe v. MGM Motor, G.R. No. 191849, September 23,
c. Effect of denial or grant of demurrer 2015
 Republic of the Philippines, Petitioner, vs. Alfredo R. De Borja,
d. Denial of demurrer not subject to
Respondent, G.R. No. 187448, January 9, 2017
appeal or petition for certiorari

e. Waiver of right to present evidence

f. Demurrer to evidence in civil cases

versus demurrer to evidence in
criminal cases

25. JUDGMENTS AND FINAL Requisites of a valid judgment

ORDERS
 Acosta v. COMELEC, 293 SCRA 578
a. What is judgment?
b. Requisites of a valid judgment Doctrine of immutability of judgments

c. Contents of a judgment  -Dare Adventure Farm Corporation v. Spouses Felix and Nenita Ng, et
al., G.R. No. 161122, September 24, 2012
d. Judgment without trial  -Mercury Drug Corporation and Rolando J. Del Rosario, Petitioners, v.
Spouses Richard Y. Huang & Carmen G. Huang, and Stephen G.
e. Rendition of judgments and final Huang, Respondents, G.R. No. 197654. August 30, 2017
orders
 Roberto A. Torres, et al v. Antonia F. Aruego, G.R. No. 201271; 20
f. Entry of judgment and final order September 2017

g. Several judgments Conclusiveness of judgment

h. Memorandum decision  Beverly Anne C. Yap [Link] of the Philippines, represented by the
Regional Executive Director, Department of Environment and Natural
i. Doctrine of immutability of Resources (DENR), G.R. No. 199810 March 15, 2017
judgments
Doctrine of the law of the case
j. When a judgment or final order
becomes final and executory  DBP v. Guarina Agricultural and Realty Development Corp., G.R. No.
160758, January 15, 2014
k. Effects of finality of judgment

l. Conclusiveness of judgment

m. Doctrine of the law of the case

26. JUDGMENT ON THE PLEADINGS  De Luna v. Abrigo, 181 SCRA 150

27. SUMMARY JUDGMENTS

a. Requisites for a valid summary Meaning of “genuine issue”

judgment
 Spouses Ramon Villuga and Mercedita Villuga v. Kelly Hardware and
b. Meaning of “genuine issue” Construction Supply, Inc., etc., G.R. No.. 176570, July 18, 2012
 Heirs of Cabigas v. Limbacoet, et al., G.R. No. 175291, July 27, 2011
c. Summary judgment for the claimant  Estate of Ferdinand E. Marcos v. Republic of the Philippines, G.R. No.
213027, January 18, 2017; Imelda Romualdez Marcos and Irene
d. Summary judgment for the
Marcos Araneta v. Republic of the Philippines, G.R. No. 213253,
defending party
January 18, 2017
e. Partial summary judgment
Judgment on the pleadings versus summary judgment
f. Judgment on the pleadings versus
 Iloilo Jar Corporation v. Comglasco Corporation/Aguila Glass, G.R.
summary judgment
No. 219509, January 18, 2017

28. POST-JUDGMENT REMEDIES

Before finality Motion for new trial or reconsideration

a. Motion for new trial or  Torres et al. v. Aruego, G.R. No. 201271, September 20, 2017
reconsideration  Angelito L. Cristobal V. Philippine Airlines, Inc. And Lucio Tan, G.R.
No. 201622, October 4, 2017
b. When to file Remedy when motion is denied

c. Grounds for new trial  Neypes v. CA, G.R. No. 141524, September 14, 2005

d. Grounds for motion for Judgments and final orders subject to appeal
reconsideration
 Republic v. Ortigas and Co., Ltd., G.R. No. 171496, March 3, 2014
e. Remedy when motion is denied  Tongonan Holdings & Dev’t Corp. v. Escano, G.R. No. 190994,
September 7, 2011
f. Appeal
Matters not appealable
-Judgments and final orders
subject to appeal  Flor Gupilan-Aguilar, et al. v. Office of the Ombudsman, et al., G.R.
No. 197307, February 26, 2014
-Matters not appealable