Hello teachers and friends, we are group 2.
In this video, we will work on the O2
molecule.
O2 is the molecular formula for dioxygen, also known as oxygen gas. Molecular
oxygen (O2) is a diatomic molecule composed of two oxygen atoms held together
by a covalent bond.
At standard temperature and pressure, oxygen is colorless, odorless, and tasteless,
having a higher density than air. It is a very poor conductor of heat and electricity
and is soluble in some liquids such as water, alcohol. In liquid and solid form: pale
blue appearance.
It has the symbol O and atomic number 8. It is known as the oxidation process
when it unites with other substances. O2 is a highly reactive nonmetal and a strong
oxidizing agent that readily forms oxides with most elements and other
compounds. Oxygen does not burn itself, but fire needs oxygen to keep burning,
which means it supports combustion.
Oxygen makes up almost half of the Earth's crust in the form of oxides and about
21% of the air volume. So, how did Earth end up with an atmosphere of roughly
21% oxygen? The answer is tiny organisms known as cyanobacteria or blue-green
algae. These microbes conduct photosynthesis, using sunshine, water, and carbon
dioxide to produce carbohydrates and oxygen. In fact, all the plants on Earth
incorporate symbiotic cyanobacteria (known as chloroplasts) to do their
photosynthesis for them down to this day. Climate, volcanism, and plate tectonics
all played a crucial role in regulating the oxygen level during various periods. Yet
no one has come up with a rock-solid test from the geologic record to determine
the precise oxygen content of the atmosphere at any given time. But one thing is
clear - the origins of oxygen in Earth's atmosphere derive from one thing: life.
Now, let’s talk about O2’s original found. Since its original discovery by Carl
Wilhelm Scheele in Uppsala in 1773 and publication by Joseph Priestley two years
later, oxygen has had a long and interesting history. Lavoisier played a significant
role in identifying the process by which oxidation or combustion occurs — and
provided oxygen with its name, borrowing Greek roots (oxys and genes) to refer to
it as 'creator of acids' because he thought all acids contained oxygen.
Since its discovery, O2 has been applied in many ways. The non-metallic gas is
also necessary for oxygen therapy prescribed for patients diagnosed with chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease and various other medical conditions. Furthermore,
it is used in sewage treatment and water-purification plants. It is forced through
water to increase the production of bacteria that metabolize waste products in the
water. In industry, oxygen is needed for many industrial reactions to create steel,
tungsten,.. Besides, oxygen gas is needed to produce energy in things such as
generators and vehicles (e.g., ships, airplanes, and cars).
However, the O2 molecule also has certain downsides. It can be poisonous when
under elevated compositional pressure. To make it easier to understand, a simple
explanation is that typically, oxygen makes up about 21% of the air volume. If this
amount of oxygen could be increased to 50%, the air would not be suitable for
breathing.
In addition, sources containing much oxygen promote rapid combustion and are,
therefore, explosive in the presence of fuels.
Mô tả sự hình thành liên kết trong phân tử. (Không có trong phần thông tin)
This is the end of the video. Thank you for watching.