FUNDAMENTALS OF

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
BEE101/201

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

 G.L. BAJAJ INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT, GR NOIDA
FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (BEE 101/201)
UNIT 1
(SOURCE TRANSFORMATION)

Q1. Can an ideal voltage source be converted into ideal current source and vice versa? Explain

Q2. In the network shown in fig.1, use source transformation to determine the current in 5Ω resistance.
Ans: 1.06 A

Q4. Use source transformation to find the voltage across 1Ω resistance in the network shown in fig.2.
Ans: 2V

Q5. For the circuit shown in fig.3, find the current in 4Ω resistance by source transformation. Ans: 0.88A
 [Link] INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT, GR NOIDA
FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (BEE 101/201)
UNIT 1
MESH ANALYSIS

Q1. Determine the current I in the circuit shown in fig.1. Ans: -3.52A

Q2. Apply mesh analysis to find i in fig.2. Ans: 1.185A

Q3. Calculate the current through 10Ω resistance using mesh analysis for the given circuit in fig.3.
Ans: 1.61 A

Q4. Use mesh analysis to find current in 5Ω resistance as shown in fig.4. Ans: 6.19A

Q5. Use mesh analysis to find Vab and I0 as shown in fig.5. Ans: 0.146A, 4.38V

Q6. Using mesh analysis to find V as shown in fig.6. Ans: 62.45V

Q7. In the circuit shown in fig.7, find the power delivered to the 4Ω resistance by mesh analysis. Ans: 36W
Q8. Apply mesh analysis to find I0 in fig.8. Ans: -1.73A

Q9. Calculate the voltage across 2Ω using mesh analysis in the circuit as shown in fig.9 Ans: 1.4V

Q10. Find each mesh current in the circuit as shown in fig.10. Ans: -3.33A, -1.33A, -3.33A

Fig.10
 G.L. BAJAJ INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT, GR NOIDA
BASIC ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (BEE 101/201)
UNIT 1
NODAL ANALYSIS

Q1. Find the current in 3Ω resistor in the circuit shown in fig.1 using nodal analysis. Ans: 0.59A

Q2. Use nodal analysis to find current i in fig.2. Ans: 1.6A

Q3. Using nodal analysis find the node voltages in the circuit given in fig.3. Ans: -7.33V,-5.33V

Q4. Calculate the node voltage V1 and V2 in the circuit given in fig.4. Ans: 13.33V, 20V

Q5. Find the voltage V0 in the circuit given in fig.5 Ans: 20V

Q6. Find the node voltage V1 and V2 in the circuit given in fig.6 Ans: 0V, 12V
Q7. Apply nodal analysis to find i0 in fig.7. Ans: 2.72A

Q8. . Apply nodal analysis to find V1 V2 and V3 in fig.8. Ans: 1.63V, 2.45V, 6.69V

Q9. Using nodal analysis, find the current i0 in the network shown in fig.9. Ans: 0.2A

Q10. Use nodal analysis to find the value of current I as shown in fig 10. Ans: 1.94A
 G.L. BAJAJ INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT, GR NOIDA
FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (BEE 101/201)
UNIT 2
INSTANTANEOUS VALUE & WAVEFORM

Q1. An alternating current is given by: i = 141.4sin314t,

Find the maximum value, frequency, time period and the instantaneous value when t is 3 ms.
Ans: 141.4A, 50Hz, 0.02s, 114.5A

Q2. An alternating current of frequency 60 Hz has a maximum value of 120A,

i) Write down the equation for the instantaneous value
ii) Reckoning time from the instant the current is zero and being positive, find the instantaneous value
after 1/ 360 second
iii) time taken to reach 96A for first time Ans: 120sin120πt, 103.9A, 2.46ms

Q3. A sinusoidal voltage of 50 Hz has a maximum value of 200√2 volts. At what time measured from a
positive maximum value will the instantaneous voltage be 141.4 volts? Ans: 3.3ms

Q4. For the given waveform find the average value, RMS value, peak factor and form factor:

Ans: Vavg = Vm /2 Vrms = Vm /√3 Ans: Vavg = 2.5 Vrms = 5 /√3

F.F = 2 / √3 P.F. = √3 F.F = 2 / √3 P.F. = √3.

Ans: Iavg = 2A Irms = 2√2A Ans: Vavg = 27.2V Vrms = 47.7V

F.F = √2 P.F. = √2 F.F = 1.75 P.F. = 2.09

Ans: Iavg = 3.75A Irms = 4.08A Ans: Vavg = 5V Vrms = 8.16V

F.F = 1.088 P.F. = 1.33 F.F = 1.63 P.F. = 1.22
 G.L. BAJAJ INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT, GR NOIDA
FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (BEE 101/201)
UNIT 2
R, L, C & R+L CIRCUIT

Q1. An ac circuit consists of a pure resistance of 10Ω and is connected across an ac supply of 230V, 50Hz.
Calculate current, power consumed & equation for voltage and current.
Ans: 23A, 5.29kW, v= 325.3sin314t, i= 32.5sin314t

Q2. The voltage across and current through a circuit element are: v = 100sin (314t + 45 0) volts &
i = 10 sin (314t + 3150) amp. Identify the circuit element and find its value.
Ans: Inductor, 31.8mH

Q3. Calculate the frequency, rms and peak value of a voltage wave expressed as: v = 14.1sin1000πt. Write
down the expression for the current flowing when this voltage is applied across a 150µF capacitor.
Ans: 500Hz, 10V, 14.1V, i = 6.65 sin (1000t + 90 0) A

Q4. A coil having a resistance of 7Ω and inductance of 31.8mH is connected to a 230V, 50Hz supply.
Calculate current in the circuit, phase angle, power factor and power consumed
Ans: 18.85A, 550,0.57lag, 2.5kW

Q5.A pure inductance of 318mH is connected in series with a pure resistance of 75Ω. The circuit is supplied
from 50Hz source and the voltage across 75 Ω resistor is found to be 150V. Calculate the supply voltage
and the phase angle. Ans: 250V, 533.060

Q6. A coil when connected across a 100V dc supply dissipates 500W of power. When connected across a
100V ac supply of frequency 50Hz, it dissipates 200W. Calculate the values of resistance and inductance
of the coil. Ans: 20 Ω, 78mH

Q7. A resistance and inductance are connected in series across a voltage v= 283sin314t volts. The current
expression is found 4sin (314t – 450) amp. Find the value of resistance, inductance and power factor.
Ans: 50 Ω, 3.18mH, 0.707lag

Q8. A coil having resistance of 10 Ω draws a current of 5A when connected across 100V, 50Hz supply.
Determine active power and reactive power. Ans: 500W, 866VAR

Q9. An alternating current of 1.5 A flows in a circuit when applied voltage is 300V. The power consumed is
225W. Find resistance and reactance of the circuit. Ans: 100 Ω, 173.2 Ω

Q10. In an ac circuit the instantaneous voltage and current are given as: v = 55 sin314t volts &
i = 6 sin (314t – 450) amp. Determine average power, reactive power, apparent power and power factor.
Ans: 116.67W, 116.67VAR, 165VA, 0.707lag

Q11. An iron choke coil takes 4A when connected to a 20V dc supply. If it is connected to a 65V, 50Hz ac
supply, it takes a current of 5A. Determine the resistance and inductance of the coil, power factor and
power drawn by the coil. Ans: 5 Ω, 38.2mH, 0.38lag, 125W

Q12. A coil is connected is series with a non-inductive resistance of 30 Ω across 240V, 50Hz supply. The
reading of a voltmeter across the coil is 180V and across resistance is 130V. Calculate power absorbed
by the coil, inductance of the coil, resistance of the coil and power factor of the whole circuit.
Ans: 137.95W, 0.13H, 7.36 Ω, 0.674 lag
 [Link] INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT, GR NOIDA
FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (BEE 101/201)
UNIT 2
R+C & RLC CIRCUIT

Q1. Voltage and current for a circuit with two elements in series are expressed as: v = 170 sin (314t + 60 0) v
& i = 8.5 sin ((314t + 900) amp. Determine frequency, power factor and the value of circuit elements.
Ans: 50Hz, 0.866lead, 17.32 Ω, 318µF
Q2. A two element series circuit consumes 700W and has a pf 0.707 leading. If the applied voltage is
v = 141.4 sin (314t + 300) v, find the value of circuit elements. Ans: 7Ω, 450µF

Q3. A metal-filament lamp rated at 750W, 100V is to be connected in series with a capacitance across a
230V, 50Hz supply. Calculate the value of capacitance required. Ans: 115µF

Q4. A resistor R is connected in series with a capacitor C is connected to 50Hz, 240V supply. Find the value
of C so that R absorbs 300W at 100V. Also find the energy stored in C. Ans: 43.7µF,1.25J

Q5. A circuit consists of 20Ω resistance in series with capacitance of 200µF connected across 50Hz supply.
The current through the circuit is 10.8 sin314t amp. Determine the voltage across each component and
across the circuit. Ans: 152.8V, 121.65V, 195.3V

Q6. Calculate the capacitance of a condenser to be connected in series with a 100-V, 80W lamp to enable it
to be used on a 200V, 50Hz supply. Ans: 14.7µF

Q7. A 230V, 50Hz ac supply is applied to a coil of 60mH inductance and 2.5Ω resistance connected in series
with a 6.8µF capacitor. Calculate impedance, current, phase angle, power factor consumed power,
reactive power and apparent power.
Ans: 449.2 Ω, 0.512A, 89.70, 0.0055lead, 0.656W, 117.7VAR, 117.76VA

Q8.A series circuit consists of a 300Ω non-inductive resistor, 7.95µF capacitor and 2.06H inductor of
negligible resistance. If the supply voltage is 250V at 50 Hz. Calculate the circuit current, the phase angle
and voltage drop across each element.
Ans: 0.643A, 39.440, 192.9V, 416.13V, 257.43V

Q9. A coil of pf 0.8 is connected in series with a 110µF capacitor. The supply frequency is 50Hz. The
potential drop across the coil is found to be equal to the potential drop across the capacitor. Calculate the
resistance and inductance of the coil. Ans: 23.2Ω, 55mH

Q10. A coil of resistance 8 Ω and inductance 30mH is connected to an ac supply at 240V, 50Hz. Calculate:
(i) the current, power and power factor
(ii) the value of a capacitance which, when connected in series with the above coil causes no change in the
value of current and power taken from the supply. Ans: 19.42A, 3.01kW, 0.65lag, 168.9µF
 [Link] INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT, GR NOIDA
FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (BEE101/ 201)
UNIT 2
SERIES PARALLEL RLC CIRCUIT
Q1. The two branches of a parallel circuit draw current I1 and I2 such that I1=10√2 sinωt and
I2=5√2 sin(ωt-60o). What is the total current drawn by them?
Ans: 18.707sin(ωt-19.1o) A

Q2. A resistance R=40 Ω in parallel with an inductance L=0.0637 H is connected across 200 V, 50 Hz
supply. Calculate: the current drawn from the source, apparent power, real power and reactive power.
Ans:11.18∟-63.430A, 2236.06 VA, 1000 W, 2000VAR

Q3.A 230 V, 50Hz circuit consists two parallel branches. One consists of a coil of (6+j8) Ω and other has a
coil of (6+j8) Ω. Find the current and power drawn from the source.
Ans: 69∟-53.130A, 9522W

Q4. In a parallel circuit consisting two branches as connected across V = 100sin3t is applied. First branch
consists of a resistor of 1Ω in series with 1/3 H inductor and second branch consists of 1 Ω resistor in
series with 1/6 F capacitor. Find: currents in both the branches, total current.
Ans: 50∟-450A, 31.6∟63.430A, 50∟-8.120A

Q5. In the circuit shown in fig.1, the reactance of capacitor C 1 is 4 Ω, the reactance of capacitor C2 is 8 Ω
and the reactance of L is 8 Ω. A sinusoidal voltage of 120 V is applied to the circuit. Find: current in
each branch, voltage across C1 & C2, power loss in the circuit.
Ans: 13.41∟10.290A, 12∟-53.130A, 24∟-53.130V, 107.33∟10.290V, 576W

Q6. The following fig.2 shows as series-parallel circuit. Find:

(i) Total circuit impedance
(ii) Total power supplied by the source. Ans: 10∟53.130Ω, 600W
Q7. Determine the following in the circuit shown in fig.3
(i) the current phasors I, I1 and I2. I=12.7196∠ − 𝟑𝟒. 𝟔𝟑o A, I1=14.616∠-57.01o A, I2=5.6216∠63.5o A
(ii) active power dissipated in the three resistive branches P1= 640.88 W, P2=158.01W, P3= 1294.3W
(iii)Power factor of the circuit 0.8228 lagging

Q8. Two coils of resistance of 5 Ω and 3 Ω and inductance of 0.03 H and 0.04 H respectively are in parallel
across 200 V, 50 Hz supply. Determine: admittance of each coil, total current and total circuit pf, power
absorbed by the circuit.
Ans: 0.093∟-62.040s, 0.077∟-76.560s, 34∟-68.60A, 0.364lag, 2.47kW

Q9. Consider the figure 4 as shown, calculate the current and power consumed in each branch, supply
current and power factor. Ans: 10∟450A, 10∟-150A, 10∟1050A, 1kW, 0.5kW, 0.5kW, 20∟450A, 1

Q10. Obtain the power factor of a two-branch parallel circuit where the first branch has Z 1=(2+j4) Ω and
second Z2=(6+j0) Ω. To what value must the 6 Ω resistor be changed to result in the overall power
factor 0.9 lagging? Ans: 3.19Ω
 [Link] INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT, GR NOIDA
FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (BEE101/ 201)
UNIT 2
RESONANCE

Q1. A series R-L-C circuit has R= 10 Ω, L= 0.1 H and C = 8 µF. Determine : resonant frequency, Q-factor
of the circuit at resonance, the half power frequencies.
Ans: 177.9Hz, 11.18, 169.98Hz, 185.89Hz

Q2. A circuit consists of resistance of 4 Ω and inductance of 0.5 H and a variable capacitance in series across
a 100 V, 50 Hz supply. Calculate: the value of capacitance to produce resonance, the voltage across the
capacitance and the Q-factor of the circuit. Ans: 20.26µF, 3927V, 39.27

Q3. Voltage across R, L, C connected in series are 5,8 & 10 volts respectively. Calculate the value of supply
voltage at 50 Hz. Also find the frequency at which this circuit would resonate.
Ans: 5.39V, 55.9Hz

Q4. A series RLC circuit consisting of a resistance of 20 Ω, inductance 0.2 H and capacitance of 150 µF is
connected across a 230 V,50 Hz source. Calculate: the impedance, current, power factor, the frequency
of supply to be adjusted to make pf unity.
Ans: 46.16∟64.320 Ω, 4.9∟-64.320A, 0.4332, 29.05Hz

Q5. A RLC series circuit with a resistance of 10 Ω, inductance of 0.2 H and a capacitance of 40 µF is
supplied with a 100 V supply at variable frequency. Find the following wrt the series resonant circuit: -
(i) frequency at resonance, (ii) current, (iii) power, (iv) power factor, (v) Voltage across R,L,C at that
Time, (vi) quality factor of the circuit, (vii) half power frequencies.
Ans: 56.26Hz, 10A, 1000W, 1, 100V, 707.1V, 707.1V, 7.07, 52.29Hz, 7.95Hz

Q6. A series a.c. circuit has resistance of 15 Ω and inductive reactance of 10 Ω. Calculate the value of a
capacitor which is connected across this series combination so that system has unity power factor. The
resonant frequency is 50 Hz. Ans: 97.94µF

Q7. A parallel circuit has two branches. First branch consists of a resistor of 25Ω in series with 0.5 H
inductor and second branch consist of 5 F capacitor. Find: resonant frequency, total impedance of the
circuit at resonance, bandwidth, Quality factor. Ans: 100.65Hz, 4000Ω, 8Hz, 12.6

Q8. A parallel circuit has two branches. First branch consists of a resistor of 5Ω in series with 10mH
inductor and second branch consist of 2 Ω resistor in series with 40µF capacitor. Find the resonant
frequency. Ans: 263Hz

Q9. A 46 mH inductive coil has a resistance of 10Ω. How much current will it draw if connected across a
100V, 60Hz supply? Also find the value of capacitor that must be connected across the coil to make the
power factor of overall circuit unity. Ans: 5A, 114.86 µF

Q10. A 46 mH inductive coil has a resistance of 10Ω. How much current will it draw if connected across a
100V, 50Hz supply? Also find the value of capacitor that must be connected across the coil to make the
power factor of overall circuit unity. Ans: 5.69A, 148.96 µF
 [Link] INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT, GR NOIDA
FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (BEE 101/201)
UNIT 3
STAR CONNECTION

Q1. Three identical resistors of 20Ω each are connected in star to a 415V, 50Hz 3-phase supply. Calculate:
(i) total power consumed (ii) the power consumed if one of the resistors is opened.
Ans: 8.6kW, 4.3kW

Q2. A balanced star connected load of (8+6j) per phase is connected to a three phase 230V supply. Find the
line current, power factor and total VA. Ans: 13.3A, 0.8lag, 5.29kVA

Q3. Three inductive coils, each with a resistance of 15Ω and an inductance of 30mH are connected in star to
a 3-phase 400V, 50Hz supply. Calculate phase current and line current, total power absorbed.
Ans: 13A, 13A, 7.6kW

Q4. A three phase star connected load of 210 kW takes a leading current of 160 A, when connected across
a balanced three phase 1.1 KV,50Hz supply. Find the load circuit parameter per phase.
Ans: 2.69 Ω, 1.1X10-3F

Q5. A three phase star connected load is fed from a 400V, three phase 50Hz supply. The current per phase is
25A(lagging) and the total active power absorbed by the load is 13.856KW. Determine:
(i) the resistance and inductance of the load per phase. Ans: 3.69 Ω, 8.85mH
(ii) the total reactive power. 10.39 kVAR
(iii) the total apparent power. 17.32 kVA

Q6. A balanced three phase star connected load of 120KW takes a leading current of 85A, when connected
across a three phase 1.1KV,50Hz supply. Obtain the value of resistance, capacitance and impedance of
the load per phase and also calculate the power factor of the load.
Ans: 5.536 Ω, 634.3X10-6F, 7.47 Ω, 0.74lead

Q7. A balanced three phase star connected load has a resistance of 8Ω and an inductive reactance of 6Ω in
each phase. It is fed from a 400V, three phase balanced supply. Determine the line currents, power
factor, active and reactive power. Ans: 23.1A, 0.8lag, 12.8kW, 16kVA

Q8. A balanced three phase star connected load of 150KW takes a leading line current of 100A from a
1.1kV, 50Hz 3-phase supply. Determine the constants of the load per phase.
Ans: 5.536 Ω, 469X10-6F

Q9. The load to a 3-Φ supply comprises three similar coils connected in star. The line currents are 25A and
the KVA and KW input are 20 and 11 respectively. Find the phase angle and line voltage, the KVAR
input, resistance and reactance of each coil.
Ans: 56.60, 461.88V, 16.7kVAR, 5.86 Ω, 8.89 Ω

Q10. Each phase of a star connected load consists resistance of 100Ω in parallel with a capacitance of 32 μF.
If this load is connected to a 415V three phase 50Hz supply. Calculate the line current, the power
factor, the power absorbed and the total KVA
Ans: 3.39A, 0.707, 1.7kW, 2.4kVA
 [Link] INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT, GR NOIDA
FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (BEE 101/201)
UNIT 3
DELTA CONNECTION

Q1. Three inductive coils, each with a resistance of 15Ω and an inductance of 0.03H are connected in delta to
a three phase 400V,50Hz supply. Calculate phase current and line current, total power absorbed.
Ans: 22.58A, 39.12A, 22.9kW

Q2. A three phase delta connected load has per phase impedance of (25+40j) Ω. if 400V, 3-phase supply is
connected to this load. Calculate phase current and line current, power supplied to the load.
Ans: 8.48A, 14.68A, 5.4kW

Q3. A balanced 3-phase load consists of three coils, each of resistance 6Ω and reactance of 8Ω.find the line
current and power absorbed when the coils are delta connected across 400V,3-phase supply.
Ans: 69.28A, 28.8kW

Q4. Each phase of a 3-Φ delta connected load consist of an impedance Z P = 40∟300 Ω. the line voltage is
400V at 50 Hz. Determine:
(i) power factor of the load (ii)phase and line currents (iii) power consumed by each phase impedance
Ans: 0.866, 10A, 17.32A, 3.46kW

Q5. The load to a 3-Φ supply comprises three similar coils connected in delta. The line currents are 25A and
the KVA and KW input are 20 and 11 respectively. Find the phase angle and line voltage, the KVAR
input, resistance and reactance of each coil.
Ans: 56.60, 461.88V, 16.7kVAR, 17.62 Ω, 26.71 Ω

Q6. Three identical coils each having a resistance of 20Ω are connected in delta across a 440V 3-Φ line.
Calculate line current. Ans: 38.1A

Q7. Each of delta connected load consists of a 50Ω resistor in series with a 50μF capacitor. The supply is
440V,3-phase,50Hz. Determine phase current, line current and power consumed.
Ans: 5.43A, 9.41A, 4.43kW

Q8. Three similar resistors connected in star draw a line current of 5A from a 400V, 3-phase mains. To what
value should the line voltage be changed to obtain the same line current with same resistors connected in
delta? Ans: 133.33V

Q9. A 3-phase delta connected AC motor, when connected to a three phase 440V, 50Hz system is developed
30KW at efficiency of 86% and a power factor of 0.83. Calculate phase current and line current.
Ans: 23.5A, 40.78A

Q10. A balanced 3-Φ delta connected load is connected to a 3-Φ, 4400V supply. The load power factor is
0.8 lagging. the line current is 34.64A. Calculate:
(i) resistance, reactance and impedance of the load per phase
(ii) total consumed power, and
(iii) total reactive volt ampere
Ans: 176 Ω, 132 Ω, 220 Ω, 211.19kW, 158.39kVAR
 G.L. BAJAJ INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT, GR NOIDA
FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (BEE 101/201)
UNIT 3
MAGNETIC CIRCUIT

Q1. A coil of insulated wire of 500 turns and of resistance 4 Ω is closely wound on an iron ring. The ring has
a mean diameter 0.25 m and a uniform cross-sectional area of 700 mm 2. Calculate the total flux in the
ring when a d.c. supply of 6 V is applied to the ends of the windings. Assume a relative permeability
of 550. Ans: 462µWb

Q2. An iron ring of 8 cm mean diameter is made of round iron of diameter 1 cm and permeability of 900, has
an air gap of 2 mm wide. It consists of winding with 400 turns carrying a current of 3.5 A. Determine
MMF, total reluctance, flux and flux density.
Ans: 1400AT, 23.07 X 106AT/wb, 60µwb, 0.77 wb/m2

Q3. An electromagnet has an air-gap of 4mm and flux density in the gap is 1.3wb/ m 2. Determine the
ampere-turns for the gap. Ans: 4140AT

Q4. A coil is wound uniformly with 300 turns over a steel ring of relative permeability 900 having a mean
circumference of 40cm and a cross-sectional area of 5cm2. If the coil has a resistance of 100Ω and is
connected to a 25-volt dc supply, calculate (i) mmf, (ii) field strength, (iii) total flux, (iv) reluctance and
(v) permeance. Ans: 750AT, 1875At/m, 0.1µWb, 7.07 X 105 AT/Wb, 1.4 X 10-6 Wb/AT

Q5. A wrought iron has 30 cm long and 2 cm in diameter is bent into a circular shape with an air gap of
1 mm. It is then wound with 500 turns of wire. Calculate the current required to produce a flux of
0.5mWb in magnetic circuit: µr(iron)=4000(assume constant). Ans: 2.72A

Q6. An iron ring of cross-sectional area 6cm 2 is wound with a wire of 100 turns and has a cut of 2mm.
Calculate the magnetizing current required to produce a flux of 0.1mWb if mean length of magnetic path
is 30cm and relative permeability of iron is 470. Ans: 3.51A
 G.L. BAJAJ INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT, GR NOIDA
FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (BEE 101/201)
UNIT 3
SINGLE PHASE TRANSFORMER

Q1. A single-phase, 50 Hz transformer has 80 turns on the primary winding and 400 turns on the secondary
winding. The net cross –sectional area of the core is 200 cm 2. If the primary winding is connected to a
240 V, 50 Hz supply, determine:
(i) the emf induced in the secondary winding
(ii) the maximum value of the flux density in the core.
Ans: (i)1200 V, (ii)0.6756 Wb/m2

Q2. A 250 kVA, 11000/415 V, 50 Hz single-phase transformer has 80 turns on the secondary. Calculate:
(i) the rated primary and secondary currents
(ii) the number of primary turns
(iii) the maximum value of flux
(iv) voltage induced per turn
Ans: (i) 22.72A, 602.4A, (ii) 2122, (iii) 23.36 mWb, (iv) 5.1875 V/turn

Q3. A single-phase transformer has 1000 turns on its primary side and 400 turns on secondary side. An ac
voltage of 1250 V,50 Hz is applied to its primary side, with the secondary open circuited. Calculate:
the secondary emf & maximum value of flux density, given that the effective cross-sectional area of core
is 60 cm2. Ans: 500 V,0.9384 Wb/m2

Q4. An ideal transformer has 500turns on the primary winding and 40 turns on the secondary winding. The
primary is connected to 3kV, 50Hz supply. Calculate
(i) primary and secondary currents on full-load,
(ii) secondary emf and
(iii) maximum core flux.
Ans: (i)8.33A, (ii)104.2A, 240V, (iii)27mWb

Q5. A 200/50 V,50 Hz single phase transformer is connected to a 200V, 50Hz supply with secondary open.
Primary winding has 400 turns.
(i) What is the maximum flux through the core
(ii) What is the peak value of flux if primary voltage is 200V, 25Hz
Ans: (i) 2.25mWb, (ii)4.5mWb

Q6. A single-phase transformer has 350 primary and 1050 secondary turns. The net cross-sectional area of
the core is 55 cm2. If the primary winding is connected to 400V, 50Hz supply, calculate:
(i) maximum value of flux density in the core
(ii) the voltage induced in secondary Ans: (i)0.936Wb/m2, (ii)1200V

Q7. A 30 kVA, 2000/200 V, 1 –phase, 50 Hz transformer has a primary resistance of 3.5 Ω and
reactance of 4.5 Ω. The secondary resistance and reactance are 0.015 Ω and 0.02 Ω respectively. Find
(i) Equivalent resistance, reactance and impedance referred to the primary side.
(ii) Total copper losses in the transformer.
Ans: (i)5 Ω, 6.5 Ω, 8.2 Ω, (ii)1125 W
Q8. A 15 kVA,2200/110 V, 1-phase transformer has R 1=1.75 Ω, R2=0.0045 Ω. The leakage reactance is
X1=2.6 Ω, X2=0.0075 Ω. Calculate
(i) Equivalent resistance referred to secondary.
(ii) Equivalent reactance referred to secondary.
(iii) Total copper loss Ans: (i)R2e=0.00887 Ω, (ii) X2e=0.014 Ω, (iii) Cu loss = 458.4W

Q9.A 10kVA, 2000/400 V single phase transformer has R 1 = 5 Ω, R2 = 0.2 Ω, X1 = 12 Ω, X2 = 0.48 Ω.

Calculate the equivalent impedance of transformer referred to (i) primary side (ii) secondary side
Ans: (i)26Ω, (ii) 1.04Ω

Q10. A 100kVA, 2200/440 V, 1-phase transformer has R 1 = 0.3 Ω, R2 = 0.01 Ω, X1= 1.1 Ω, X2 = 0.035 Ω.
Calculate the equivalent impedance of transformer referred to (i) primary side (ii) total copper lisses
Ans: (i)2.05Ω, (ii) 1136.14W
 G.L. BAJAJ INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT, GR NOIDA
FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (BEE 101/201)
UNIT 3
EFFICIENCY OF TRANSFORMER

Q1. A 4 kVA, 200/400 V, 50 Hz, single-phase transformer has equivalent resistance referred to primary as
0.15 Ω. Calculate,
(i) the total copper losses on full load.
(ii) the efficiency while supplying full load at 0.9 p.f. lagging.
(iii) the efficiency while supplying half load at 0.8 p.f. leading.
Assume total iron losses to be 60 W. Ans: 60 W, 96.77%, 95.52%

Q2. A 250 kVA single phase transformer has iron loss 1.8 kW. The full load copper loss is 2000 W.
Calculate,
(i) efficiency at full load, 0.8 lagging p.f.
(ii) kVA supplied at maximum efficiency.
(iii) maximum efficiency at 0.8 lagging p.f. Ans: 98.135 %, 237.17 kVA, 98.137 %

Q3. The maximum efficiency of a 100 kVA transformer is 98.40 % and operates at 90 % of full load unity
power factor. Calculate the efficiency of a transformer at unity power factor at full load.
Ans: 98.3912 %
Q4. The maximum efficiency of a 100 kVA,1100/440-volt 50 Hz transformer is 96 %. This occurs at full
load at 0.8 p.f. lagging. Find the efficiency of transformer at ¾ F.L. at 0.6 pf lagging.
Ans: 94.736 %
Q5. A 40 kVA single phase transformer has core loss of 450 W and full load copper loss of 850 W. If the
power factor of the load is 0.8 Calculate:
(i) full load efficiency.
(ii) maximum efficiency at unity pf
(iii) load for maximum efficiency Ans: max 97%, 29.1 kVA

Q6. A 600 kVA, single-phase transformer has an efficiency of 92 % both at full load and half load, unity pf.
Determine its efficiency at 75 % full load,0.9 pf. Ans: 91.64 %

Q7. The efficiency of a 250 kVA, single phase transformer is 96 % when delivering full load at 0.8 pf
lagging and 97.2 % when delivering half load at unity pf. Determine the efficiency at 75 % of full load
at 0.8 pf. Ans: 96.4179 %

Q8. The efficiency of a 400 kVA, single-phase transformer is 98.77 % at full load 0.8 p.f. and 99.13 % at
half load unity p.f. Find:
(i) Iron losses at full and half loads
(ii) Cu losses at full and half full loads.
Ans: (i) 1012.02W for both (ii)F.L.=2972.99 W, H.L.=743.25 W

Q9. A single phase 25 kVA 1000/200 V, 50 Hz transformer has maximum efficiency of 98 % at full load
unity p.f. Determine its efficiency at:
(i) ¾ full load u.p.f.
(ii) ½ full load 0.8 p.f.
(iii) 1.25 full load 0.9 pf.
Ans: 97.918 %, 96.909 %, 97.728 %

Q10. A 400 kVA transformer has an iron loss of 2kW and the maximum efficiency at 0.8 pf occurs when the
load is 240kW. Calculate (i) the maximum efficiency at unity pf (ii) the efficiency at full-load & 0.71 pf
lagging. Ans: (i)98.6%, (ii) 98%
 [Link] INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT, GR NOIDA
FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (BEE 101/201)
UNIT 4
DC MACHINE

Q1: Derive the emf equation of dc generator.

Q2. Derive the torque equation of dc motor.

Q3. A 4 pole,wave-wound armature has 720 conductors and is rotated at 100 rev/min. If the useful flux is
20 mWb. Calculate the generated voltage. Ans:48V

Q4. An 8 pole lap-connected armature has 40 slots with 12 conductors per slot generates a voltage of 500V.
Determine the speed at which it is running if the flux per pole is 50mWb. Ans: 1250rpm

Q5. A dc generator has an armature emf of 100V when useful flux per pole is 20mWb and the speed is
800 [Link] the generated emf (a) With the same flux and a speed of 1000 rpm (b) with a flux per
pole of 24mWb and a speed of 900 rpm. Ans:125V, 135V

Q6. An 6 pole generator has 600 armature conductors and has a useful flux per pole of 0.02 Wb. What will
be the speed at which the generator must be run to generate 300V? What must be the speed at which it is
to be driven to produce the same emf if it is wave-wound? Ans: 1500rpm, 500rpm

[Link] will be the change in emf induced if the flux is reduced by 20% and speed is increased by 20%?
Ans: 4% decrease

Q8: A lap wound dc generator having 8-poles develops an emf of 500V at 400 rpm. The armature has 144
slots and each slot contain 6 conductors. Calculate the flux per pole. Ans: 0.086 Wb

Q9. A 4 pole dc motor takes a 50A armature current. The armature has lap connected 480 conductors. The
flux per pole is 20 mWb. Calculate the torque developed by the armature of the motor. Ans: 76.4Nm

Q10: A 4 pole, lap wound dc motor has 540 conductors. Its speed is found to be 1000 rpm. The flux per pole
is 25 mWb. It is connected to 230V dc supply. The armature resistance is 0.8Ω. Calculate induced emf,
armature current and torque. Ans: 225V, 6.25A, 13.4Nm
 [Link] INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT, GR NOIDA
FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (BEE 101/201)
UNIT 4
DC GENERATOR

Q1. A dc series generator has armature resistance of 0.5Ω and series field resistance of 0.03Ω. It derives a
load of 50A. If it has 6turns/coil and total 540 coils on the armature and is driven at 1500 rpm, calculate
the terminal voltage at the load. Assume 4 poles, lap winding, flux per pole as 2 mwb and brush drop
1V/brush. Ans: 295.5V

Q2. A 20kW, 200V shunt generator has an armature resistance of 0.05Ω and a shunt field resistance of 200Ω
Calculate the power developed in the armature when it delivers rated output. Ans:20.71kW

Q3. A 4-pole dc shunt generator with a wave-wound armature has to supply a load of 500 lamps each of
100W at 250V allowing drop of 1V/brush, calculate the speed at which the generator should be driven.
The flux per pole is 30mWb and the armature and shunt field resistance are respectively 0.05Ω and
62.5Ω. The number of armature conductors is 390. Ans: 672 rpm

Q4. A 4-pole lap-wound dc shunt generator with a shunt field resistance of 100Ω and armature resistance of
1Ω has 378 wave-connected conductors in armature. The useful flux per pole is 20mWb. If the load
resistance of 10Ω is connected across the armature terminals and generator is driven at 1000 rpm,
calculate power absorbed by the load. Ans: 5.15 kW

Q5. A 4-pole shunt generator with lap-connected armature has field and armature resistances of 50Ω and
0.1Ω respectively. It supplies power to sixty 100V, 40W lamps. Calculate the armature current and
generated emf. Allow a contact drop of 1V/brush Ans: 26A, 104.6V

Q6. A short shunt compound dc generator delivers 100A to a load [Link] generator has shunt field, series
field and armature resistance of 130Ω, 0.1Ω and 0.1Ω respectively. Calculate the voltage generated in
armature winding. Assume 1V drop per brush. Ans: 272.2V

Q7. A long shunt compound generator delivers a load current of 50A, 500V and the resistance of armature,
series field and shunt field are 0.05 Ω,0.03 Ω and 250 Ω respectively. Calculate the generated emf and
the armature currents. Allow 1V per brush for contact drop. Ans: 506.16V, 52A

Q8. A 40KW, 280V dc shunt generator has armature and field resistance of 0.04 Ω and 120 Ω respectively.
Calculate the total power developed by the armature when its delivers full output power.
Ans: 41.48kW

Q9. The armature of a 4 pole, lap wound shunt generator has 120 slots with 4 conductors per slot. The flux
per pole is 0. [Link] armature resistance is 0.05 Ω & the shunt field resistance 50 Ω. Find the speed
of the machine when supplying 45A at a terminal voltage of 250V. Ans: 631rpm

Q10. A compound generator is to supply a load of 250 lamps, each rated at 100W, 250V. The armature,
series and shunt field windings have resistances of 0.06 Ω, 0.04 Ω and 50 Ω respectively. Determine the
generated emf when the machine is connected in (i) long shunt (ii) short shunt. Take drop per brush as
1V. Ans: 262.5V, 262.3V
 [Link] INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT, GR NOIDA
FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (BEE 101/201)
UNIT 4
DC MOTOR

Q1. A 4-pole, 250V, dc series motor has a wave connected armature with 200 conductors. The flux per pole
is 25 mWb when motor is drawing 60 A from the supply. Armture resistance is 0.15Ω while series field
winding resistance is 0.2Ω. Calculate its speed. Ans: 1374 rpm

Q2. A 4 pole, 500V shunt motor has 720 wave-connected conductors in the armature. The full-load armature
current is 60A and flux per pole is 0.03 Wb. The armature resistance is 0.2Ω and contact drop is 1V per
brush. Calculate the full load speed of motor. Ans: 675 rpm

Q3. A 250V, dc shunt motor takes a line current of 20A. Resistance of shunt field winding is 200Ω and
armature has resistance of 0.3Ω. Find the armature current and back emf. Ans: 18.75A, 244.37 V

Q4. A 120V dc shunt motor draws a current of [Link] armature resistance is 0.02 Ω and shunt field
resistance 30 Ω. Find the back emf. If the lap wound armature has 90 slots with 4 conductors per slot, at
what speed will the motor runs when the flux per pole is 0.04Wb. Ans: 499rpm

Q5. A dc shunt machine connected to 230V supply has resistance of armature as 0.115Ω and of field
winding as 115Ω. Find the ratio of speed as a generator to the speed as a motor with the line current in
each case being 100A. Neglect brush drop. Ans: 1.1

Q6. A 20 kW, 250V dc shunt generator has armature and field resistances of 0.1Ω and 125Ω respectively.
Calculate the total armature power developed when running (i) as a generator delivering 20 kW output
(ii) as a motor taking 20 kW input. Ans: 21.17kW, 18.9 kW

Q7. A 220 V dc shunt motor runs at 500 rpm when the armature current is 50A. Calculate the speed if torque
is doubled. The armature resistance of motor is 0.2Ω. Ans: 476 rpm

Q8. A 250V dc shunt motor having an armature resistance of 0.25Ω carries n armature current of 50 A and
runs at 750 rpm. If the flux is reduced by 10%, find the speed. Assume that torque remains same.
Ans:828.5 rpm

Q9. A series motor runs at 600rpm when taking 110 A from 250 V supply. The resistance of armature circuit
is 0.12Ω and that of series winding is 0.03Ω. Find the speed when current has fallen to 50A. The useful
flux per pole is 24mWb for 110A and 15.5 mWb for 50A. Ans: 965 rpm

Q10. A 440 V dc shunt motor takes an armature current of 20A and runs at 500rpm. The armature resistance
is 0.6Ω. If the flux is reduced by 30% and the torque is increased by 40%, calculate speed.
Ans: 694 rpm
 [Link] INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT, GR NOIDA
FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (BEE 101/201)
UNIT 4
3-PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR
Q1. A 3-phase induction motor is wound for 4 poles and is supplied from 50 Hz system. Calculate (i) the
synchronous speed (ii) the speed of motor when slip is 4% (iii) the rotor current frequency when the
motor runs at 600 rpm. Ans: 1500rpm, 1440rpm, 30Hz

Q2. A 50 Hz, 4-pole, 3-phase induction motor has a rotor current frequency 2 Hz. Determine (i) the slip
(ii) speed of motor. Ans: 4%, 1440rpm

Q3. A 6-pole alternator running at 1000 rpm supplies an 8-pole induction motor. Find the actual speed of the
motor if slip is 2.5%. Ans: 731.25 rpm

Q4. A 3-phase, 50Hz induction motor has a full-load speed of 1460 rpm. Calculate slip, number of poles and
frequency of rotor induced emf. Ans: 4, 2.66%, 1.33Hz

Q5. A 4-pole 50Hz induction motor runs with 4% slip at full load. What will be the frequency of current
induced in the rotor (i) at starting, (ii) at full load Ans: 50Hz, 2Hz

Q6. A 4-pole, 3-phase induction motor operates from a supply whose frequency is 50 Hz. Calculate
i) the speed at which magnetic field of the stator is rotating
ii) the speed of rotor when slip is 0.04
iii) the frequency of the rotor current when the slip is 0.03
iv) the frequency of the rotor current at standstill Ans:1500rpm, 1440rpm, 1.5Hz, 50Hz

Q7. A 3-phase, 6 pol, 50Hz induction motor has a slip of 1% at no-load and 3% at full-load. Determine:
i) synchronous speed, ii) no-load speed, iii) full-load speed, iv) frequency of rotor current at stand still
v) frequency of rotor current at full-load Ans: 1000rpm, 990rpm, 970rpm, 50Hz, 1.5Hz

Q8.A 3-phase, 50Hz induction motor has 6 poles and operates at a slip of 5% at a certain load. Determine.
i) speed of rotor with respect to stator
ii) frequency of rotor current
iii) speed of rotor magnetic field with respect to rotor
iv) speed of rotor magnetic field with respect to stator
v) speed of rotor magnetic field with respect to stator magnetic field.
Ans: 950rpm, 2.5Hz, 50rpm, 1000rpm, 0

Q9. A 3-phase, 50 Hz induction motor has full-load speed of 960 rpm. Calculate:
i) slip
ii) frequency of rotor induced emf
iii) number of poles
iv) speed of rotor magnetic field with respect to rotor
v) speed of rotor magnetic field with respect to stator magnetic field. Ans: 4%,2Hz, 6, 40rpm, 0

Q10.A 3-phase, 440V, 50hp, 50 Hz induction motor runs at 1450 rpm when delivers rated output power.
Determine.
i) number of poles
ii) speed of rotating air gap field
iii) frequency of rotor current
iv) Rotor induced voltage if stator to rotor turns ratio is 1: 0.8 Ans: 4, 1500rpm, 1.66Hz, 11.73V
 G.L. BAJAJ INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT, GR NOIDA
FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (BEE 101/201)
UNIT 5
Electrical Installations
Q1. Define current rating of use, fuse element, arcing time, melting time, and operating time of fuse.

Q2. Write short notes on i) MCB ii) MCCB. iii) ELCB iv) ACB V) BUS-BAR

Q3. Write short notes on characteristics of batteries. Also describe electrical characteristics of lead acid
battery.

Q4. Explain the construction, ratings and specific application off at least two types of wires and cables used
in electrical engineering.

Q5. What is earthing? With the help of neat sketch, explain different earthing.

Q6. Discuss how electricity bill is calculated based on “unit” which is consumption of electrical energy for
domestic consumers.

Q7. Define ampere-hour efficiency and watt-hour efficiency. The capacity of a battery is 40 Ah at 10h rate.
If the battery is charged at 2.0 V, 5A for 8.5 hours and discharge at an average e.m.f. of 1.8 V, compute
amp-hour efficiency and watt-hour efficiency.