PREFACE

PREFACE

National Innovation
InnovationFoundation
Foundationhas been
(NIF) haspursuing the mission
been pursuing the the
help,ability
howofmuch
local communities
more can beand doneindividuals to solve
if state and problems
private sector
of makingofIndia
mission makinginnovative and a creative
India innovative and society since
a creative 2000
society on their own without outside help,
agencies join hands with NIF actively. how much more can be done
with the
since 2000active
with thesupport of Department
active support of Science
of Department and
of Science if state and private sector agencies join hands with NIF actively.
Technology,
and Government
Technology, of India.
Government We have
of India. notNIF
Till date beenhasequally
been II invite
invite the
the state
state government
government and and its
its various
various organs
organs toto actively
actively
successful
able to scoutininnovations
scouting and
and documenting innovations
traditional knowledge and
practices support our quest to uncover many more creative communities
support our quest to uncover many more creative communities
traditional
from overknowledge
545 districtspractices
across in every
India. state. and
and individuals
individuals ininrural
ruraland
andurban
urbanareas.
[Link] then
will thenhelp in
help
building
in buildingvalue chainchain
value around [Link].
around
Thanks to the support of volunteers
volunteers of Honey
from BeeBee
Honey network, we
Network,
have beenbeen
we have able able
to discover manymany
to discover unsung heroesheroes
unsung and heroines
of our The book is divided in three
three parts.
parts. The
The mechanical
mechanical innovations
innovations
of our society
society who who
havehave solved
solved local
local problems
problems withoutany
without anyoutside
outside developed by by innovators
innovatorsfromfromGujarat are covered
Rajasthan in part
are covered in one.
part
help. Selected examples
one. Selected of herbal
examples traditional
of herbal knowledge
traditional are givenare
knowledge in
part
giventwo.
in The
partinnovations from other parts
two. The innovations fromof the country
other partssuitable
of the
constraints, NIF
Despite various constraints, NIF has put together a small book for the development
country of Gujarat
suitable for the are given
development of in part [Link] given
Rajasthan
celebrating creativity,
celebrating creativity,innovations
innovation and traditional
and knowledge
traditional knowledgefrom in part three.
Gujarat.
from I am conscious
Rajasthan. of its limitation
I am conscious in terms ofincoverage
of its limitation terms of By no stretch of imagination, could we claim that we have
and outreach.
coverage and But if we could
outreach. But ifuncover
we couldso uncover
many examples
at least of
a achieved a great
By no stretch of deal. We havecould
imagination, merelywemade
claimathat
simple
we point.
have
few examples of the ability of local communities and achieved a great deal. We have merely made a simple point.
individuals to solve problems on their own without outside There are a large number of knowledge rich people who

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 4
 RAJASTHAN
GUJARAT INNOVATES
INNOVATES

There
may notare ahave
largebeen
number of peoplemuch,
educated who may notin
may have
factbeen
be up in the forminitiatives
institutional of concretein policy
each and
Stateinstitutional
to empowerinitiatives in
creative
educated much,
economically mayalso,
poor in fact bestill
but economically poor also,
have the ability but still
to solve a each
people State to empower
to improve thecreative
quality people
of life oftocommon
improve the quality
people of
and
have the ability so
few problems to solve
well. a few problems so well. life
thusof promote
common inclusive
people and thus promote inclusive growth.
growth.

The challenge
challengereally is to
really iswork out aout
to work synergy so that so
a synergy no creative
that no ItItisismy
mybelief
belief that
that such
such examples
examples will as
will act actspur
as spur for other
for other State
voice remains unheard, and no solution remains
creative voice remains unheard, and no solution remains localized and State government
government departments
departments to creative
to look for look for efforts
creative efforts
of their of
staff
unrecognized.
localized and By adapting publicBy
unrecognized. policy in support
adapting of grassroots
public policy in their staff and users at ground level. I hope that
and users at ground level. I hope that NIF will have the opportunity NIF will
innovators and traditional
support of grassroots knowledge
innovators and holders, weknowledge
traditional can make have
to the
work opportunity
closely to State
with the work closely with the
government State government
in future and expand
economic
holders, wedevelopment
can make process
economic more inclusive and
development sustainable.
process more in future and
knowledge expand
base, add knowledge base, technologies
value to selected add value to and selected
help
inclusive and sustainable. technologies
them and help
diffuse through them diffuse
commercial and through commercial
non commercial and
social
This book on innovations has been compiled at the request of non-commercial
channels social
for improving thechannels
livelihoodfor improving
of the majoritythe livelihood
of the people.
This
Dr book
Vijay on innovations
Kelkar, has been
Chairman, Finance compiled atand
Commission theMember,
request of the majority of the people.
of Dr. Vijay Kelkar,
Governing CouncilChairman, Finance
of the National Commission
Innovation and the
Foundation
Member,
as a tributeGoverning Council
to the creativity of the National
and innovation Innovation
at grassroots. This R. A. Mashelkar, FRS
Foundation as
presentation is apart
tribute
of atoseries
the creativity and innovation
of innovation compendium at Chairperson, Governing Council
R. A. Mashelkar, FRS
grassroots.
prepared forThis
eachpresentation is part
State of India. of a series
We hope this willofbeinnovation
followed National Innovation Foundation, Ahmedabad
Chairperson, Governing Council
compendium prepared for every State of India. We hope National Innovation Foundation, Ahmedabad
this will be followed up in the form of concrete policy and mashelkar@[Link]

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 5
Building a Bridge with Grassroots Innovators in Informal Sector

To make the Indian development process more inclusive, there and Technology, Government of India to scale up the idea of
is no escape from building upon creative and innovative learning from grassroots innovators.
experiments pursued by common people at village or semi-
urban level. Many of these experiments lead to development of Under the inspiring leadership of Dr. R. A. Mashelkar,
innovations, which can improve productivity and generate Chairperson NIF and former Director General, Council of
employment. However, the purpose of a particular innovator Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), NIF has taken major
may often be to solve just his/her problem. There is no initiatives to serve the knowledge-rich, economically poor people
mechanism available for him to share the knowledge, innovation of the country. It is committed to make India innovative by
or practice with other people in different regions. Sometimes, documenting, adding value, protecting the intellectual property
ideas and innovations get diffused through word of mouth. But rights of the contemporary unaided technological innovators,
many times, these ideas remain localized. In the process, as well as of outstanding traditional knowledge holders. It aims
potential growth and social development gets constrained. To at promoting lateral learning among local communities to
overcome this constraint, Honey Bee Network with a handful of generate low cost affordable solutions of the persistent and
volunteers triggered a movement, twenty years ago to scout, emerging problems, and enhance the diffusion of innovations
spawn and sustain the unaided innovations and outstanding on a commercial as well as non-commercial basis.
traditional knowledge from the informal sector of our country. How does NIF work?

Drawing upon this experience, National Innovation Foundation Primarily, NIF has five functions: (a) Scouting and
(NIF) was set up in 2000 with the help of Department of Science documentation, (b) Value addition and research and

1 The Honeybee collects pollen from the flowers but they are not impoverished, in different sectors. The network acknowledges the innovators, traditional
in the process links one flower to another enabling cross-pollination. Similarly, knowledge producers and communicators so that they do not remain
the Honey Bee Network strengthens people-to-people contacts, learning and anonymous.
networking by pooling the solutions developed by individuals across the world
RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 6
 RAJASTHAN INNOVATES

development, (c) Business development and Micro Venture, (d) For most innovators, attracting risk capital for converting
Intellectual Property Rights protection and (e) Dissemination, innovations into enterprise is very difficult. They neither can
database development and IT applications. offer much collateral nor are they able to develop a business
plan or deal with formal R&D system.
NIF has been entrusted with the responsibility of building a
National Register of Grassroots Innovations and Traditional A Micro Venture Innovation Fund (MVIF) has been set up with
Knowledge. It is not enough to document or disseminate the the help of SIDBI to provide risk capital for technologies at
innovations or outstanding traditional knowledge. Value addition different stages of incubation. Under single signature, innovators
is very important for harnessing the full potential of the idea. are trusted and investments are made to help them commercialise
NIF has entered into MOU with CSIR and Indian Council of their innovations. Most innovators do not make good entrepreneurs.
Medical Research (ICMR) besides other organizations. CSIR For entrepreneurship, one has to make consistent batch by
has allocated funds to support research on grassroots batch production of products. Innovators are often incorrigible
innovations in CSIR labs. Similarly, ICMR supports improvisers. They seldom make two things alike. NIF has helped
research on such herbal healing knowledge, which such innovators to license their technologies to third party
has not been documented in the classical texts and formal entrepreneurs. Most of the licenses have been given to small
institutional literature. NIF also helps in generating a very large entrepreneurs and in a few cases, to medium enterprises.
pool of open source / public domain technologies. A small
number of innovations are also protected by patents and A very elaborate benefit sharing system has been developed,
other IPRs. governed by the Prior Informed Consent (PIC) of the knowledge

The Honey Bee Network strongly believes in sharing knowledge among the share of benefits arising from commercial exploitation of local knowledge and
providers of innovations in their own language, which is achieved by publishing innovations reaches the innovators and knowledge providers.
local language versions of Honey Bee newsletter. It also ensures that a fair

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 7
providers. Attempt is made to share benefits not only with the 113 projects under MVIF to the extent of Rs.1.3 crores. Hundreds
innovators but also with their communities and for nature of technologies have diffused through farmer to farmer social
conservation. In addition, a small part is kept for contingency network.
support to needy innovators, for R&D stakeholders, promoting
NIF has proved that Indian innovators can match anyone in the
women’s innovations and meeting overhead costs.
world when it comes to solving problems creatively. Where they
It is remarkable that grassroots innovations are generating global perform better than rest is in generating more affordable
demand, as evident from inquiries from around fifty-five countries sustainable solutions by using local resources frugally.
for various technologies, NIF has succeeded in commercializing
products across countries in six continents apart from being Those who see poor only as the consumer of cheap goods, miss
successful in materialising thirty cases of technology licensing the knowledge richness at the grassroots level. The Poor can be
with the help of partner agencies. the Providers also.
The Grassroots to Global (G2G) model that NIF is propagating is
What has it done?
all set to change the way the world looks at the creativity and
With major contribution from the Honey Bee Network, NIF has innovations at grassroots.
been able to build up a database of more than 1,00,000 ideas, How can state government join hands with NIF?
innovations and traditional knowledge practices (not all unique,
not all distinctive) from over 545 districts of the country. a. NIF has no field extension unit nor does it want to have
one. However, state government has several field
NIF has filed 202 patents in India and seven in US and one PCT functionaries in the area of agriculture, education, industry,
application. Out of these, 35 patents have been granted to rural development, women and child care, forestry, etc.
grassroots innovations in India and four in US. NIF has funded There can be a very fruitful partnership between NIF as a

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 8
 RAJASTHAN INNOVATES

source of innovative ideas and technologies and state f. On the state’s website, link to NIF can be given and the
government as partner in dissemination, value addition and innovations from the region can be displayed to put forward
even commercialization through incentives, promotion, the creative face of the state before the people.
subsidies, etc. g. Some of the innovative people identified by NIF and/or
b. State government can join the national campaign for state government could be awarded at district and state
scouting innovations and traditional knowledge and motivate level besides giving them support for further work.
its grassroots functionaries to join hands with NIF in h. A nodal officer could be appointed to keep in dynamic
uncovering the talent at the community level. touch with NIF to ensure that all the areas of possible
c. Students in schools and colleges can be motivated to scout cooperation are explored.
creative and innovative people in their neighbourhoods
I hope that NIF would be able to develop a functional, fruitful and
and send the entries to NIF (Post Box No.15051, Ambavadi,
fulfilling relationship with the State of Rajasthan. Tremendously
Ahmedabad 380 015, campaign@[Link]). Examples
rich knowledge of biodiversity and environment besides numerous
of innovations can also be included in the curriculum for
grassroots innovations can be leveraged through the proposed
the school and college education.
collaboration.
d. Demonstrations and trials can be organized at various
regional research stations and KVKs (Krishi Vigyan
Kendras) so as to create awareness about the creative
potential of common people. Anil K Gupta
Executive Vice Chairperson, NIF, Ahmedabad
e. The research institutions can be mandated to add value to Professor, Indian Institute of Management,
the knowledge of innovative people and help in protecting Ahmedabad
their knowledge rights. anilg@[Link]

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 9
“Innovation opens up new vistas of knowledge and new
dimensions to our imagination to make everyday life
more meaningful and richer in depth and content”.
- Dr APJ Abdul Kalam

“The purpose of innovation is to create a new value for

an individual, team, organization or for society at large”.
- Dr RA Mashelkar
 01 PART I : INNOVATIONS FROM RAJASTHAN

Groundnut Digging Machine: From Deserts to the Sea Shore

Rajasthan has predominantly sandy soil which is quite suitable for groundnut cultivation.
The yield of the crop is affected as up to 20% of the pods are left underground during
harvest. Complete digging out of all the groundnut pods from the soil is not possible as
manual labor is scarce, costly and other means are not available.

The innovator has revolutionized groundnut digging with this sturdy rugged desert unit
Yusuf Khan which is retrofitted on a standard 35HP tractor. The unit consumes four litres of diesel per
Sikar hour and digs out groundnuts from one hectare a day. The unit can also be run on uneven
terrain and can be used to sift out small stones, solid residue and garbage from fields and
country roads.

Yusuf won a National Award in NIF’s Third National Competition for Grassroots
Innovations and Traditional Knowledge in 2005. He has been supported under the Micro
Venture Innovation Fund of NIF for commercialising his innovation. In 2006, the technology
was licensed to a Vizag based company
called Ardee Hi-Tech Pvt. Ltd. The
licensee wanted to use the concept of
groundnut digger to develop a sea beach
cleaner. He has also helped in scouting
five other innovators from his village and
nearby. He was short listed in 2005 for
Asian Innovation Award among 12
innovators from Asia, by The Wall Street
Journal and also attended the award
function in Singapore. A patent was filed
for his innovation.

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 12
PART I : INNOVATIONS FROM RAJASTHAN
02
Trench Digging Machine

While on a trip, the innovators noticed labourers manually digging the ground to make
long trenches to lay telephone cables, taking months to complete the work. This inspired Radhey Shyam Tailor
the innovators to build a mechanized equipment to dig trenches rapidly. Nathulal Jangid
Yusuf Khan
The trench digging unit developed by the innovators can be fitted to any tractor. The unit Sikar
has a hydraulic lever to adjust digging depth and to maneuver the running unit, a planetary
gear system, and motion converter unit to achieve speed reduction and deliver power
from the tractor.
The machine can dig narrow and deep channels evenly, on hard and soft soil conditions.
In one hour, it can dig a pit 65 meters long, 6 feet deep and 14 inches wide, while
consuming only 2.5 liters of diesel per hour. The equipment costs less than half that of
imported models. It is even used by the local telephone department to lay cables. Radhey
Shyam and Nathulal won a National Award
in NIF’s Third National Competition for
Grassroots Innovations and Traditional
Knowledge in 2005.

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 13
 03 PART I : INNOVATIONS FROM RAJASTHAN

Improved Multicrop Thresher

Farmers across India require a reliable machine that achieves threshing with minimal
grain breakage and clean output for a variety of crops. The innovator has developed a
versatile thresher that can meet these needs. The modified farm implement reduces setup
time to less than 15 minutes to switch over from one crop to another, and achieves minimal
breakage. Its latest variant can also handle groundnut apart from threshing other cereals
and pulses.
Madanlal Kumawat
Sikar
Madanlal won a Consolation Award in NIF’s First National Competition for Grassroots
Innovations and Traditional Knowledge in 2001. The innovator has been supported with
working capital needs of his enterprise under the Micro Venture Innovation Fund of NIF.
More than a hundred farmers have bought his thresher. He was also featured among 50
pioneers of change in the country by India Today, 26 June 2008. A patent has been filed
for his innovation.

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 14
PART I : INNOVATIONS FROM RAJASTHAN
04
Biomass Gasification System

There are lots of villages in the country which are still not electrified or are receiving
power erratically. Given the limited global supply of fossil fuels, search for renewable
energy has been on the top of the sustainability agenda. Dahiya has developed an efficient
biomass gasifier adjudged to be outstanding by leading energy research organizations.
Users of biomass gas (producer gas) as a fuel generally complain of choking in the engine
after running for a certain period of time. The innovator has changed the conventional
design of gasifiers especially the filters and cooling unit to get clean gas, ensuring smooth Raisingh Dahiya
operation of engine at low operational cost. He makes gasifiers in the range of 5-50hp as Hanumangarh
per the need of customer. The wood requirement has been claimed to be 30-35% lower
than conventional gasifiers. NIF has been providing marketing support to the innovator
as a result of which one machine is in the process of being sent to Germany.
Scientists from TERI (The Energy Research Institute) have confirmed its uniqueness and
over fifty users have confirmed its operational practicability. The innovator has sold over
fifty units after getting MVIF Support from NIF through GIAN North.

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 15
 05 PART I : INNOVATIONS FROM RAJASTHAN

Safe Wood Cutting Machine

While using powered equipment intensely, sometimes carpenters get too close to the
cutting blades while holding the log and feeding them. This opens the chance for
accidents as well as related occupational hazards due to inhalation of the fine dust,
chips and wood flakes.

The innovator has developed an improved machine to address these concerns. The
Prahlad Jangid machine uses a 2HP motor, transmission system, rotating platform and saw blade with a
Sikar simple elegant construction. It consists of a moving platform to feed the job, while being
able to fix and cut the job in any orientation. It also has facilities to mount multiple fixtures
using an inbuilt scale for measurement and productivity enhancement.

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 16
PART I : INNOVATIONS FROM RAJASTHAN
06
Ajitgarh Selection: New Cauliflower Variety

Jagdish Parikh is a sixty year old farmer who left his government job to start farming. He
has developed a variety of cauliflower which weighs as much as fifteen kilogram. This
particular variety of cauliflower can be sown in all the three seasons. He has been
distributing seed of this variety free to his fellow farmers. His innovative skills have been
praised and in the process he received numerous prizes and citations. He is also a poet
and social mobiliser. He motivates the farmers to become more innovative and spreads
the message of Honey Bee network through his creative compositions. Jagdish Parikh*
Sikar
He won the State Award in NIF’s First National Competition for Grassroots Innovations
and Traditional Knowledge in 2001. He was also given SRISTI Samman earlier. For his
detailed profile kindly see Honey Bee: 11(3)15-16, 2000.

*Awarded earlier, but now

included in professional
category. Rules of NIF
were changed 2003
onwards to specifically
focus on innovations of
people from the
unorganised sector

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 17
 07 PART I : INNOVATIONS FROM RAJASTHAN

Rashidpura: An Improved Variety Of Onion

Manaram Choudhary is an innovative farmer from Ladkhani village in Sikar district of

Rajasthan. Water shortages in the Sikar region inspired him to breed a variety that would
require less irrigation. After much experimentation, he developed a highly productive,
early maturing, and drought resistant variety of onion that has become famous across
the northern states of Haryana, Delhi, and Rajasthan for its delicious taste. This white
onion variety is called Rashidpura.
Manaram Choudhary
Sikar
Yield of around 400 quintals per hectare can be obtained through this variety. Seed
rates of this variety hovers around Rs. 1000 per kg while sometime rising as high as Rs
3000 per kg.

He received SRISTI Samman in 2000 and the State Award in NIF’s Fourth National
Competition for Grassroots Innovations and Traditional Knowledge in 2007.

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 18
PART I : INNOVATIONS FROM RAJASTHAN
08
Pioneer Innovator: Wise Platform Ticket Machine, and
Other Innovations
Late P L Mistry was one of the most prolific innovators of his time. He thought about
several problems affecting common people as well as large systems like railways. In
some cases he succeeded with the actual prototype while many other ideas remained
just as his dream.

Once he observed the platform ticket machines accepted even counterfeit coins. He
designed a unique “wise platform ticket machine” which would reject counterfeit coins Late P L Mistry
and needed no external power. It was patented in 1939. He thought of several other Pali
ideas such as inflating the tyre of a punctured cycle while it is in motion, bullock drawn
water lifting pump and generation of power by the movement of traffic on
road. Other innovations that he developed and in most cases patented
are improved tea/coffee maker, animal body weight drawn water lifting
pump, device for constant pressure of water in pipeline/tap, improved
machine for making chapatis/puris, system for prevention of train collision
and accident due to derailment and sabotaging, improved churner, small
flour mill, folding cradle, cloth washing and drying machine, folding swing
bed, automatic lighting and delighting kerosene lamp and power
generation from road traffic.

During his lifetime he made 33 innovations and of these 25 were granted

patents in India. Such a crazy innovator left for his final abode in 1981
leaving some of his innovations incomplete but worthy of further research
and development even today. Posthumously he was given the State Award
in NIF’s Second National Competition for Grassroots Innovations and
Traditional Knowledge in 2002. For his detailed profile please see Honey
Bee, 14(4) & 15 (1): 2-3, 2003.
RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 19
 09 PART I : INNOVATIONS FROM RAJASTHAN

Future of the Drill Machine

To overcome glitches in the single-boxed, seed-cum-fertilizer drill machine, Hazarilal

Ojha hit upon an idea of making a double-boxed machine instead.

Ojha’s machine comprises three main parts — the box, a cultivator and an arm wheel.
The machine is able to drill the fertilizer and seeds together, but delivers them separately,
in a single drive and to different levels. The machine not only saves seeds and fertilizer,
Hazarilal Ojha but also supports optimum growth of saplings.
Baran
He won a Consolation Award in NIF’s Second National Competition for Grassroots
Innovations and Traditional Knowledge in 2002.

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 20
PART I : INNOVATIONS FROM RAJASTHAN
10
Overcoming Disability: Improving Car’s Accessibility

Mujib Khan, an automobile mechanic, has limited functioning in his legs as a result of an
attack of polio in his childhood. He lives with his wife and four children and has never let
his disability stop him from living a productive life. He is constantly searching for ways to
retain his independence and inspire other handicapped people to live with self-respect.

His quest to make a vehicle accessible to handicapped drivers started with tinkering
with his parent’s Maruti surreptitiously. The innovation lies in the modification to the Mujib Khan
accelerator, brake and clutch arrangement so that the controls are transferred to hand by Jaipur
use of levers, wires and linkage mechanism. Comfort, simplicity and ease of operation
are the other features embedded in the controls, and drivers without disabilities can also
operate the vehicle in a conventional fashion. He has retrofitted over six dozen vehicles
in this fashion to date.

He won the State Award in NIF’s Fourth National Competition for Grassroots Innovations
and Traditional Knowledge in 2007. He has also been supported under the Micro Venture
Innovation Fund scheme of NIF for test marketing of his innovation.

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 21
 11 PART I : INNOVATIONS FROM RAJASTHAN

Breaking Boundaries: Designing The First Five-wheeled

Car

Young cousins Manoj and Harimohan Saini have designed and built a five-wheeled car
in the hope of making a cheaper vehicle that most middle class Indians would be able to
afford. They built the prototype using scrap materials such as scooter wheels, a moped
engine, and a chassis built from available nickel pipes. The four front and rear wheels
are free and only the fifth wheel in the center of the car is powered and used in steering.
Harimohan Saini Manoj and Hari Mohan estimate that when they fine-tune the design their car will be able
Manoj Saini to reach speed as high as 80 km/hr and average fuel consumption of 30-35 km/l, more
Bharatpur efficient than the 18-20 km/l rating of most available models.

They won an award in the Students’ category in NIF’s Fourth National Competition for
Grassroots Innovations and Traditional Knowledge in 2007. NIF also engaged engineering
students in BVB College of Engineering & Technology, Hubli, Karnataka to develop an
improved prototype of the same.

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 22
PART I : INNOVATIONS FROM RAJASTHAN
12
Solar Laminator: Sun Gives Your Documents A New
Life!!
Amandeep developed a laminating machine that runs on solar energy when he was still
in school. He is an avid member of Bharat Scouts and Guides, and has received
recognition for his innovation at several fora.

The solar powered laminator operates using the same principle as a solar cooker,
replacing the electrical heating filament inside the laminator with a black box surrounded
Amandeep Singh
with mirrors. The solar energy collected in the box heats the metallic plates that affix the
Hanumangarh
lamination sheets to the desired document. The machine can laminate an A4 size
document in 15 minutes on a sunny day and can be powered by electricity in the absence
of sunlight. He won an award in the Students’ category in NIF’s Fourth National
Competition for Grassroots Innovations and Traditional Knowledge in 2007. NIF/ GIAN
North also facilitated its testing at the Solar Energy Centre, Ministry of New & Renewable
Energy, New Delhi.

Amandeep and his friend Ranjeet have also developed a manual multifunctional farm
tool bar, which is capable of carrying out ploughing,
weeding, leveling, sowing and spraying. The tools
required for these different purposes can be fitted to
the tool bar easily.

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 23
 13 PART I : INNOVATIONS FROM RAJASTHAN

Camel Driven Bus

Late Radhey Shyam Mishra worked as a manager and a caring teacher at B L Kala Bal
Mandir Montessori School. His co-innovator late Mewaram Jangid is remembered as a
caring friend and skilled carpenter. The camel driven bus was dreamt of by Radhey Shyam
as a means of safely transporting students to and from school through the desert. Mewaram
brought the idea into fruition with his technical skills in 1972. The driver of the bus steers
from atop the camel and the students are pulled in a four-wheeled double-decker bus
Late Radhey Shyam Mishra
behind. This bus, which can transport 80 students, is an environment friendly and
Late Mewaram Jangid
affordable solution for mass transportation in desert areas. Seven such buses are still
Churu
used to transport over 400 students to Bhanwarlal Kala Bal Mandir School.

They were appreciated in NIF’s Fourth National Competition for Grassroots Innovations
and Traditional Knowledge in 2007.

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 24
PART I : INNOVATIONS FROM RAJASTHAN
14
Improved Wheat and Mustard Varieties

Mahavir Singh Arya (55) overcame a childhood of poverty to become a successful farmer.
He is an advocate of organic farming and produces very high yields from his small farm
despite never having used any inorganic fertilizers. Arya first became interested in plant
breeding when he observed farmers crossing crop varieties on a visit to Hissar. He then
crossed T59 and Golden to make a new variety of mustard named Sundari. Since then,
he has developed more than ten new mustard varieties. The maturity period of all these
Mahavir Singh Arya
varieties ranges from 130-150 days and the yield from 18-24 quintals per hectare. All the Churu
varieties are disease resistant and high yielding. He has also developed many varieties
of wheat with maturity periods varying from 135-60 days, and yields from 40-80 quintals
per hectare.

He was appreciated in NIF’s Fourth National Competition for Grassroots Innovations

and Traditional Knowledge in 2007. Further testing is in progress at institutional research
centers.

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 25
 15 PART I : INNOVATIONS FROM RAJASTHAN

Multi-purpose Bicycle

For over two and a half decades, Kamruddin has engaged himself in improving the design
of the common bicycle to make it more comfortable, useful and safe and above all as a
means for earning a livelihood. He modified an ordinary bicycle by adding tools and
accessories as well as making it a mobile work platform to service diverse village needs.
It has tools for carpentry and blacksmithy. Revenue can be generated by providing various
services such as sharpening of blades, drilling, motor winding, sawing etc.
Kamruddin Choudhary
Alwar Kamruddin had filed a provisional patent application and later a complete patent
application was filed by NIF on his behalf. NIF sanctioned support under the Micro Venture
Innovation Fund for concept testing of the multipurpose bicycle in the rural market. He
won a Consolation Award in NIF’s Third National Competition for Grassroots Innovations
and Traditional Knowledge in 2005.

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 26
PART I : INNOVATIONS FROM RAJASTHAN
16
Tax at Source: Hand Pump with Attachment for Filling
Animal Trough
Lack of surface water sources and falling water table has made availability of clean
drinking water a major problem in Rajasthan. For human beings, the need gets addressed
to some extent but for animals this need is much less appreciated.

Swayambhoo Sharma came up with an interesting solution to address the drinking water
needs of animals. He developed an arrangement such that every time people pump
water for their use, 20 per cent of pumped water will directly go to fill animal water Swayambhoo Sharma
trough. Since most people feel lazy in filling drinking water trough for stray animals, this Udaipur
innovations solves this problem by a kind of tax at source. Another problem faced in
hand pumps is that a single person finds it very difficult to pump and at the same drink
water (without a vessel with him/her). Chandan, then a first year student at IIMA came
out with an idea of storing water in the body of the hand pump so that having pumped,
one could use a tap and drink water like any other tap. Yusuf and Madan Lal Kumawat,
two other innovators combined
the idea of Chandan and
Swayambhoo Sharma and
developed a hybrid model. This
made it possible for storing water
for animal to drink in a trough dug
in the ground and at the same
time provided two pipes, one for
drinking with lesser outflow and
other, bigger one for filling the
bucket. If bigger tap was used for
drinking by hand, then lot of water
was spilled over and was wasted.
RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 27
 17 PART I : INNOVATIONS FROM RAJASTHAN

Attachment for Transporting Small Size Road Roller

The innovation is a transporting wheel assembly, as an attachment, for transporting soil

compacting roller of small size. Such rollers are generally used in construction of narrow
roads and for compacting play ground pitches. The attachment is fitted to the roller and is
dragged by the tractor between job sites without damage quickly.

Madan Lal Kumawat

Sikar

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 28
PART I : INNOVATIONS FROM RAJASTHAN
18
Machine for Making Products from Banana Stem

Ashish has developed a machine to separate different layers of banana stem. Each
layer can be used for different products & technique to develop articles from the same.
The machine has rollers, which compacts the leaf and squeezes out the moisture from
the sheath. The blades split the stem in three layers. The upper layer can be used for
making mats and ropes, middle layer as fiber for cloth, and the inner layer for paper
making. The water in the process can also be used for dye/tannins.
Ashish Khatri *
Udaipur

*Professional registered
with NIF. NIF only helps
professionals in providing
linkages and visibility

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 29
 19 PART I : INNOVATIONS FROM RAJASTHAN

Manual Harvester

Pramod, a student, has tried to develop a manual harvester to cut crop at the ground
level, which is faster than reaping by sickles. The whole assembly is mounted on three
wheels and can be pushed and moved. The operator simply needs to rotate the handle
and simultaneously move the harvester assembly. The movement is transferred to the
cutter blade through chain and sprockets. GIAN North supported the innovator for
developing the prototype.
Pramod Kumar Sharma
Bharatpur

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 30
PART I : INNOVATIONS FROM RAJASTHAN
20
Cotton Fly Catcher

Balkor Singh is a progressive farmer growing cotton as a cash crop. Due to the repeated
plantation of cotton, the area gets highly affected by cotton insect pests, which drastically
reduces the annual turnover. Taking the idea from commercially used UV lamps to kill
houseflies and insects he developed a device that traps and kills cotton insect pests.

One fly catcher is sufficient for one acre of land and cost around two thousand five
Balkor Singh
hundred rupees only. This also reduces the dependence on chemical pesticides. Hanumangarh

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 31
 21 PART I : INNOVATIONS FROM RAJASTHAN

Dry Land Forestry Technique

Sundaram has developed a technique for plantation where it is claimed that a litre of
water per plant once in its life time is sufficient for it to grow. The technique involves
ploughing the field up to a foot deep before the rains. The field is planked and pressed
so as to break the capillaries soon after the rains are over. Water which has already
charged the soil can not easily be lost by evaporation now. The plants that are to be
grown are sowed in a pit six inches further deep and then covered with soil and watered
Sundaram Varma (one litre) in October-November. Idea is that unlike the plants sown in monsoon season;
Sikar
these will need to send roots deeper because there is no moisture in the upper layers of
the soil. Once the plant catches the sub-soil moisture, it can survive till the rains next
year. After which the tree sapling does not need any additional irrigation.

Using this technique, he has planted over 50,000 local forest trees/plants in and around
Danta region in Sikar district. He is a very innovative farmer and has also developed
many improved varieties of Bengal gram, Cluster bean and Moth Bean. He had shown
this technique near GIAN office in Children Science Park campus in Jaipur. The
technology though proven still remains to be replicated at large scale. For his detailed
profile and work please see Honey Bee, 8(1):3-4, 1997

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 32
PART I : INNOVATIONS FROM RAJASTHAN
22
Multi-seed Drill

This seed drill can be used to sow different kinds of seeds at a time. The flow of quantity
of seed is regulated by a simple mechanism of setting up of taper worm and check nut.
The process of seeding remains unaffected irrespective of the position of the plough at
uneven ground surface due to the attachment of a flexible rod connected with to the
drill.
Gopal Dave
Jodhpur

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 33
 23 PART I : INNOVATIONS FROM RAJASTHAN

Eucalyptus Controls Termites

Bhagwati Devi uses Eucalyptus logs and stalks for control of termites in crops like wheat,
bajara and vegetables. She uses about 100 pieces of Eucalyptus wood 2.0-2.5 foot long
and 2.0-2.5 inches broad in one hectare. Eucalyptus, being soft wood, attracts termites.
Termites thus feed on Eucalyptus wood pieces and leave the crop unaffected. The same
stalks can be used for controlling termites for the next three seasons. Later these wood
stalks are collected and destroyed. Bhagwati Devi claims to have achieved 70-80%
Bhagwati Devi control of termites using this method.
Sikar

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 34
PART I : INNOVATIONS FROM RAJASTHAN
24
Oil ExtractionFrom Waste Rubber

This is an apparatus having two chambers, one for heating the waste rubber, and
another for condensing vapours produced due to the heating of rubber or like waste.
The oil so obtained can be used to run engines and motors. He is a potter and has been
doing this experiment out of his concern for the environment. For want of enough land,
he pursued this experiment on the roof of his small house where he had also grown
many plants.
Raghunath Prasad Kumawat
Bikaner

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 35
25 PART I : INNOVATIONS FROM RAJASTHAN

Ideas: Compressed Air As A Fuel!

Compressed Air Powered Engine

Keshar Singh, Udaipur

He has modified a diesel engine and made changes so as to make the engine work on
compressed air without using any external gasoline fuel. A one hp compressor can be
used to supply the compressed air to the modified engine of 3.5 bhp. The compressor
may be run by electricity or another fueled engine.

Electricity Generation by Compressed Air Engine

Ratan Lal Lohar, Udaipur

He has developed a compressed air driven engine that can run vehicles and generators.
It comprises two storage cylinders, a distributor, four piston cylinder and recycling
cylinder. Lohar has tested this engine to run vehicles, operate flour mills and found it to
be quite economical.

A Pneumatic Engine
Chunni Lal Lohar

He has developed a system for utilizing compressed air to actuate the piston of an
engine. He has been using this device to run a six watt dynamo for igniting a three watt
bulb with the help of belt and pulley drive. He has also tried to develop four cylinder
compressed air powered engine.

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 36
PART I : INNOVATIONS FROM RAJASTHAN

Compressed Air Driven scooter and Kit For Increasing Mileage Of Vehicle
Hari Narayan Prajapati, Jaipur

He has modified a scooter engine to enable it to run on compressed air. Compressed air
is supplied to the engine from an air tank fitted on the scooter. He has run the scooter
successfully by using compressed air and achieved a maximum speed of 20 km/hr.
Hari Narayan Prajapati
Jaipur
Further he has developed a small kit comprising a piston and calibrated nozzle, which
can be fitted in the fuel line between the carburetor and the entry to the cylinder head.
The attachment introduces additional air before the charge (mixture of air and atomized
fuel) is compressed. This results in increased combustion efficiency and thereby the
mileage of vehicle. It has been tried in 4 stroke engines. NIF has extended support for
trial marketing under its MVIF scheme. The trial results have been found promising.

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 37
PART I : INNOVATIONS FROM RAJASTHAN

Soil Preparation
LM Lodha

There are many small and big tanks in Udaipur constructed 200 to 300 years ago. These
were meant for irrigation and for providing drinking water to cattle. During summer (May-
June) most of them turn dry. A large quantity of silt and organic matter, drawn from their
catchment area during rainy season, lies deposited at the bottom of these tanks. Farmers
collect this enriched silt from the dried reservoir beds and broadcast it in their fields. This
practice is beneficial in many ways:(a) it improves structure of soil and humus content;
(b) it has a fair proportion of major plant nutrients; (c) when large quantities are used in
alkaline soils, the salinity is reduced. This is a very old practice; locally the soil is called
‘pana’. The desilting of the tanks increases their water holding capacity and also provides
clean water to the cattle. Honey Bee, 4(2&3):12, 1993

Flowering and Fruit-Ripening Techniques of Bhils

Rooplal Bhil
Udaipur

Rooplal makes a light girdling (notch like groove)

around the stem of ‘mahua’ (Madhuca indica) tree
below breast height. The notch is made by an axe and
is 1-3 cm deep. The first notch is made during first
flowering season of the tree. During subsequent years,
if production of flowers becomes less or their drop is
delayed, then notching may be repeated. He believes
that this initiates an early and heavy flowering and
fruiting in mahua. This practice is locally called
‘ghagari’. It is possible that the girdling decreases

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 38
PART I : INNOVATIONS FROM RAJASTHAN

downward flow of food in phloem and this leads to an accumulation of food in the aerial
parts of the tree. And perhaps, this is responsible for heavy flowering and fruiting in
‘mahua’ tree. Honey Bee, 7(3):11, 1996

Risk Reducing Cropping Pattern

LM Lodha

Rainfall is very uncertain and erratic in the Udaipur region of Rajasthan. Hence the
farmers have evolved a cropping pattern to reduce the risks associated with low rainfall.
As paddy needs more water than maize, the farmers dibble the seeds of maize in one
line while in another two or three they sow paddy seeds or seedlings. Towards the end
of July, they make an assessment of the pattern and the quantum of rain and accordingly
retain one of the two crops. In some areas farmers follow a similar practice with kidney
bean and green gram. Honey Bee, 4(2&3):12, 1993.

Anticipating sowing time for mustard

Mustard is sown as winter (rabi) crop on a large scale in Rajasthan. The area under this
crop has grown at a very fast rate in the last few years. If ants are observed going out of
their burrows during noon time or soon after, it indicates the best time for sowing of
mustard seeds in the field. Normally mustard is sown in the first fortnight of October just
at the beginning of the winter. Farmers explain it by saying that presence of ants outside
during noon time indicates a decline in the temperature because of onset of winter.
Mustard is a very thermo sensitive crop. Honey Bee 7(1):12, 1996

Protecting the seedling from wind erosion by opening furrows

The problem of wind erosion occurs sometime in the beginning of the monsoon season
causing damage to the foliage of seedlings of the crop sown at the onset of monsoon.

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 39
PART I : INNOVATIONS FROM RAJASTHAN

To control this damage farmers open a furrow between 3/4 lines of the crop. In these
open furrows sand being carried out by the wind is deposited. It reduces the damage to
the foliage/leaves of the growing seedlings. It is a quite common practice mostly in the
arid zones of Saurashtra and Rajasthan. Honey Bee, 3(1):3, 1992

Sesame oil for hairy tail

Shantibhai Faljibhai Vasnoi

Jhalore

Animals sometimes lose hair on their tail due to

excessive cold or some skin problems. Sesame oil
is boiled till it becomes red in colour, then it is allowed
to cool and the animal’s tail is dipped into it. If it is
applied for two to three times a day for a month, the
animal reportedly regains its hair. Honey Bee 8(3):
13, 1997)

Fenugreek too Hot for Termites

Manguram Meena
Alwar
Manguram sows fenugreek along with gram to control the attack
of termite. He says that the sowing of one kg of seeds of
fenugreek along with 10 kg of seeds of gram gives encouraging
results. The farmer feels that the attack was considerably less
in gram because of the bitterness of fenugreek. He also says
that storing the dry biomass of fenugreek with the straws of
other crops is believed to prevent the attack of termite in the

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 40
PART I : INNOVATIONS FROM RAJASTHAN

straws. Honey Bee, 14(1):9, 2003

Yokegall in bullock

Bahigabhai Karnaji Vasnoi

Jhalore
About 200 g of onion peels are taken, burned and the ashes mixed with some butter,
and the paste applied to the yokegall of the bullock to heal the galls. Honey Bee 8(3):
13, 1997

Checking Disease and Pests in Mango

LM Lodha
Farmers apply oil to the stem and root of the mango tree in the bearing stage. It is a
common belief that this practice prevents attacks by fungus and the common mango
hopper pest. However, this practice is now becoming rare because of the rising price of
oil. Honey Bee, 4(2&3):12, 1993

Nest strainer

Half built nests of ‘baya’ (Ploceus philippinus) are used for

sieving ‘ghee’ (butter oil) and buttermilk in many villages of
Alwar, Bharatpur, Jaipur, Sikar, Ajmer districts of Rajasthan.
Similarly these nest-strainers are also used in local jaggery
making process by tribals and farmers of Rajasamand,
Udaipur, Dungarpur and Banswara districts. Sugarcane juice
is expelled by farmers in cattle-driven mills in the field itself.
The sugary sap so produced may have some suspended
impurities. Before boiling, the sap is sieved twice or thrice
through such nest-strainers. Sometimes two nests are used,
keeping one above another, for a more effective sieving.
RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 41
PART I : INNOVATIONS FROM RAJASTHAN

Generally half built nests of ‘baya’ contain deposits of mud or cow dung on the internal
walls of the egg chamber. The nest without the deposits is considered good for sieving
purpose. Before use, a nest is washed twice or thrice with pure water to remove dirt. It is
kept upside down as a funnel on a narrow mouthed container. To facilitate sieving, chin-
trap of the nest is also removed. Honey Bee, 8(4):13, 1997

Biological Control of Termite

LM Lodha
There is a general old practice of attracting the common ants to termite mounds using flour
and sugar. It is believed that the ants act as a biological control against termites. Farmers
feel that by providing food they can induce the ant-hill (nest) to stay on at a place in the
field. If a particular white ant is too heavy to manage, two to three common ants join to pull
it into their home. On close observation, it also appears that the eggs, larvae, or even the
caterpillars of the flying insects found on the trees, vines and shrubs etc., are also removed
by ants in the same way. Farmers never kill the ants and avoid walking on ant-hills. They
also prevent their cattle from disturbing the ant hills. Only one species of red ants is harmful
as it bores hole in the trees. Honey Bee, 4(2&3):12, 1993

Effects of cow milk on leaf curl virus of chilli

Chilli (Capsicum annum) is grown as a major cash

crop in Jodhpur, Ajmer, Tonk, Bhilwara and
Chittorgarh districts of Rajasthan. The local cultivars,
Mathania-red, Haripur-Raipur and Mandoria are the
most popular ones in these arid regions. Major
disease that causes considerable losses in the yield
is the leaf curl mosaic virus (LCV). The characteristic
symptoms of LCV are bright yellow mosaic, leaf
rolling, distortion and puckering, reduction in leaf size

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 42
PART I : INNOVATIONS FROM RAJASTHAN

and stunting of the affected plant. The white-fly (Bemisia tabaci Genn.) transmitted
gemini virus are the causal organisms of this disease. Gemini viruses in chilli are
difficult and expensive to manage. The only strategies available are to spray insecticides
or use virus-resistant crop-varieties. An attempt was made to test the practice of the
effect of cow milk on leaf curl virus of chilli by conducting on-farm trials to control LCV
on a farmer’s field in Mathania village during 1997-98. The seeds of the cultivar,
Mandoria were treated with raw cow milk for 24 hours. The seeds were dried and then
sown to raise nursery. The roots of seedlings the were dipped in milk before
transplanting in the field. In the field, milk was sprayed at intervals of 10 days. The
incidence of LCV was recorded on the cow milk treated plants and on the plants with
other treatments along with a control field. The results indicated that in the milk treated
plants LCV incidence was recorded as the lowest (30.7%) when compared with other
treatments. The cow milk treatment controlled the disease by 34%. An increase average
fruit size (15.3 cm) per plant was also noticed. Honey Bee, 9(3):14, 1998

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 43
PART I : INNOVATIONS FROM RAJASTHAN

8th Shodh Yatra

December 24, 2001–January 1, 2002
Bhikampura to Nilkanth, Alwar, Rajasthan

Shodh Yatra is a journey on foot in the search of knowledge, creativity and innovations at
grassroots.

It is an attempt on the part of SRISTI, a Honey Bee Network partner based at Ahmedabad
and NIF along with other network partners to reach out to the remotest part of the country
with a firm belief that hardships and challenges of natural surroundings are one of the prime
motivators of creativity and innovations.

Shodh Yatra aims at unearthing such traditional knowledge and grassroots innovations that
have not only simplified the lives of men, women and farm labourers but have also significantly
contributed towards the conservation of bio-diversity.

The yatris, during the 8th Shodh Yatra, over the period of seven days, travelled through the
rural areas honouring innovators, traditional knowledge holders, experimental farmers and
centenarians on the way. Many biodiversity and recipe contests were also organised at
various places. The Shodh Yatra saw the participation of people from all walks of lives,
scientists, students, innovators, farmers, journalists and traditional knowledge holders from
India and abroad.

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 45
Strength does not come through concrete in NATIONALshifting sands,
INNOVATION FOUNDATION, INDIA
layers of disconnectedness
The Seventh National Biennial Competition for Green Grassroots Unaided Technological
Innovations and Traditional Knowledge

Co-sponsors The competition persons are not considered for award or financial support. There are
The NIF, set up by Department of Science and Technology, GOI, seeks special awards for journalists writing about grassroots innovations and/
entries of unaided technological innovations and traditional knowledge or traditional knowledge and creating greater awareness about NIF’s
developed by an individual or group comprising farmers, artisans, missions. The award money may be revised in due course.
Honey Bee Network
fishermen and women, slum dwellers, workshop mechanics, students,
local communities etc., in managing natural and/or other resources. Students
The innovations can be in machines, gadgets, implements, or processes Young inventors and innovators are invited to send their ideas or
for farm operations, household utility, transportation, energy conservation innovations for a special category of awards for them. These should be
or generation, reduction in drudgery, creative use of biodiversity, unsupervised, an outcome of their own creativity, without any support
development of plant varieties, generation of herbal remedies for human from their teachers or outsiders. There will be prizes worth Rs 15,000,
or animal health or developing new or any other low cost sustainable 10,000 and Rs 7,500 for the best three entries and several consolation
CSIR
green technology related to various aspects of survival in urban and prizes of Rs 5,000 each in this category.
rural areas. Creative ideas for innovative technologies which have not
yet been reduced to practice are also welcome. Communities developing How to participate
People’s Biodiversity Register (PBR) or People’s Knowledge Register Individuals or groups may send as many entries as they wish on plain
(PKR) are encouraged to register/link their knowledge base with the paper providing a) genesis of the innovation and traditional knowledge
SRISTI
National Register at the NIF. b) its background and c) educational qualification and occupation,
accompanied by photographs and/or videos if possible and any other
The awards information that may help in replicating the innovations/traditional
The best three innovations and traditional knowledge practices will be knowledge. Herbal entries may be accompanied by dried plant samples
awarded Rs 1,00,000, Rs 50,000 and Rs 25,000 each in different to enable proper identification procedure. The Seventh National
categories. In addition, individuals and/or organizations that make Competition started on February 1, 2009 and entries will be
IIM-A extraordinary contributions in scouting grassroots innovations and accepted till December 31, 2010. Every entry should include the
traditional knowledge may also get awards worth Rs 50,000, 25,000 full postal address to facilitate further communications.
and 15,000 respectively besides recognition to many others. There
will be several consolation prizes of Rs 10,000 each in different Where to send entries?
categories depending upon the number of entries and incremental
inventiveness and potential social and environmental impact. Three most National Coordinator (Scouting & Documentation), National
outstanding innovative ideas may be given prizes of Rs 50,000, 25,000 Innovation Foundation, Bungalow No. 1 Satellite Complex,
and 15,000 in addition to consolation prizes of Rs 5,000 each. There Premchand Nagar Road, Ahmedabad 380015 Gujarat
areSikkim
special prizes for innovations by or dealing with, physically Toll Free No 1800 233 5555 Fax: (079) - 2673 1903
Making Homes: email: campaign@[Link]; [Link]
challenged people. The innovations /ideas of professionally trained
 PART II : HERBAL PRACTICES & PRODUCTS

Uses of Acacia nilotica (L.) Del. (Babul)

NIF Database

Uses from Rajasthan Abscess

Burn the fresh wood on fire and collect the fluid oozing
Abscess out while burning, apply it on affected area
Apply the leaf paste topically - Somesh Singala, Patiala, Punjab
- Sapna Kanwar, Sirohi, Rajasthan

Toothache Uses in Classical Codified Literature

Brush with the fruit rind powder
- Babulal Sharma, Nagor, Rajasthan
Paste made from fresh leaves is applied on the forehead
Mouth ulcer
for headache1; decoction of the bark is gargled to give
Gurgle with the bark decoction
relief from sore throat2; decoction of the bark is consumed
- Sundari Devi, Nagor, Rajasthan
to cure bronchitis3; and the dried bark powder is taken
orally with water for diabetes4. Toothpaste is prepared
Pneumonia
from Acacia with the brand name ‘Dental cream’5. Thirty
Boil the bark paste in water with little sugar. After cooling,
patents have been found on its medicinal uses such as
filter it and take orally
for dental plaque and gingivitis6.
- Chen Singh Charan, Nagor, Rajasthan

Retention of urine
Take the juice of bark or seed orally
- Ganesh Das, Sirohi, Rajasthan

Uses from other states

Skin crack
Pound leaves with black pepper and cow’s ghee. Apply
the paste on skin crack
- Dansingh Laxmansingh Parihar, Junagadh, Gujarat

Burn
Mix the bark of the plant with mustard oil and boil it
in water till it completely evaporates. Apply the
preparation on affected body parts.
- Jagadish, Hissar, Haryana

Source: ([Link].
RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 48
[Link])
PART II : HERBAL PRACTICES & PRODUCTS

Uses of Annona squamosa L. (Sitaphal)

NIF Database

Uses from Rajasthan Uses in Classical Codified Literature

Head lice
Apply the seed paste on the scalp at night. Wash hair
Ripe fruit is considered as an anthelmintic7; extract from
the next morning
leaves and fruit is administered orally to get rid of
- Radhakishan Kumawat, Ajmer, Rajasthan
rheumatic pain8 and the paste of leaves is applied on
the head to kill head lice9.
Diabetes
Take four tea spoonful of the fruit powder orally every
Product ‘LICEX Headlice expeller’ 10 is a multi-herb
morning on an empty stomach
formulation that removes headlice and nits. Nine patents
- Shantanu Gupta, Kota, Rajasthan
have been found on its various medicinal uses such as
an antiretroviral11 and for scalp care12.
Uses from other states

Hair care
Apply the leaf paste on the hair
- Sana Parvin, Mandu, Jharkhand

Head lice
Apply the seed powder on the scalp
- Madhav Rao Shankar Rao Patil, Jalgaon, Maharashtra

Cough
Smoulder the powder of Annona and date palm seeds
to inhale the smoke for relief
- Ramdas Ghanshyamdas Patel, Nasik, Maharashtra

Abscess/boils
Apply the fruit paste over the affected part
- Naganath Durga Chogule, Sholapur, Maharashtra

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 49
Source: [Link]
[Link]/[Link]
 PART II : HERBAL PRACTICES & PRODUCTS

Uses of Argemone mexicana L. (Satyanasi)

NIF Database

Uses from Rajasthan Poisonous bites

Take the root juice orally
Skin disease - Jighha Oraon, Gumla, Jharkhand
Apply the root & bark paste on the affected area
- Durga Singh, Jaipur, Rajasthan
Uses in Classical Codified Literature
Acne
Apply the leaf paste topically
- Kiran Khatik, Sikar, Rajasthan Seed powder is taken with water to reduce toothache2;
decoction of the plant is given orally13; seed oil is useful
Itching in case of colic pain2; and rheumatics should take seed
Apply the plant juice over the affected part powder to get relief2.
- Rameshwari Devi, Sikar, Rajasthan
‘Step syrup’14, prepared from the plant, is used to cure
Abscess/blisters skin diseases and soft tissue infections. Ten patents have
Apply the plant juice over the affected part been found regarding its various medicinal uses such
- Chandra Kanvar, Sikar, Rajasthan as in treating psoriasis15 and for headache16.

Uses from other states

Intestinal worms
Take root (½ inch) along with water thrice a day to
remove hookworms
-Amar Singh, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh

Urinary disorder
Take latex (10ml) orally along with milk
- Rani B. Bhagat, Pune, Maharashtra

Eczema
Crush the whole plant (25g) along with black
pepper (2 nos). Apply the paste topically
- Suresh Thakur, Hazaribag, Jharkhand

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 50
Source: [Link]
Copia%20di%20argemone%20mexicana2.JPG_
20061030174857_Copia%20di%20argemone%[Link]
PART II : HERBAL PRACTICES & PRODUCTS

Uses of Calotropis procera (Ait.) R. Br. (Aak)

NIF Database

Uses from Rajasthan Migraine

Put two-three drops of leaf juice in the nostril in the
Headache opposite side of the head having pain
Put lukewarm leaves on the forehead - Indiravati Rana, Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand
- Shilpa Kumari, Sirohi, Rajasthan

Earache Uses in Classical Codified Literature

Boil the latex with Sesame oil. Put three drops of the
medicated oil in the ear at night
- Ramkaran Bokda, Ganganagar, Rajasthan
Plant extract is used as bronchodilator17; flower buds of
Cough/cold Calotropis, along with black pepper seeds and salt, are
Take the flower decoction orally crushed to make pills the size of small peas. Two pills
- Komal Soni, Sikar, Rajasthan are taken twice daily for three days to cure malaria1;
warmed leaves, smeared with oil, are applied on the
Itiching aching part to alleviate rheumatic pain18. ‘Muscle & Joint
Burn the leaves, collect ash and mix with little curd. Apply Rub’ 5 is a highly effective ointment for backaches,
the mixture topically muscular sprains and joint pains. ‘Arkavaleha’19, made
- Jugal Soni, Sikar, Rajasthan from this plant, is given to cure irritation of the stomach,
nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea etc. Eight patents were found
Uses from other states on the medicinal uses mainly for anti-tumor and antidotal
activity20 and bronchial asthma21.
Stomach disorder
Smear mustard oil on a leaf and apply it warm over the
abdomen for immediate relief
- Chawda Chanduben Jawanji, Gandhinagar, Gujarat

Knee pain
Take the leaf juice orally
- Jyothi Bhatta, Chikmagalur, Karnataka

Arthritis
Mix latex with turmeric powder, boil it with sesame oil
and then apply this paste on the aching joint
- Sanjay Singh Uplana, Nagda, Madhya Pradesh

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 51 Source: SRISTI Database

 PART II : HERBAL PRACTICES & PRODUCTS

Uses of Capparis decidua (Forssk.) Edgew. (Kair)

NIF Database

Uses from Rajasthan Uses in Classical Codified Literature

Stomachache
Soak fruits in saline water for 10 days, dry and make a The fruit is taken orally to reduce blood sugar22; plant
powder. Take a spoonful orally twice a day extract is applied topically on skin diseases17; decoction
- Mukesh Kumar Lora, Nagor, Rajasthan of the plant is taken orally to alleviate rheumatic pain23.
Tablet ‘Jyoti kalash’ 24 a multi-herb drug acts as an
Diabetes antioxidant; ‘Maharshi Amrit Kalash’ 25 is used for
Take two spoonful of the powder of the deseeded fruit vomiting, anorexia and improving general well being.
orally One patent has been found on its cosmetic use26.
- Nanuram Meghwal, Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan

Constipation
Soak fruits overnight. Dry them and grind into a fine
powder. Take a spoonful of the powder orally every
morning
- Kamla Devi, Nagor, Rajasthan

Uses from other States

Toothache
Put two drops of young shoot juice in the ear
- Bhavaji Dayaji Thakor, Patan, Gujarat

Rheumatism
Cook the chopped fruit (3kg) along with jaggery (500g)
in ghee (500g) .Take the preparation (30g) twice a day
for a month
- Samuben Khodabhai Parmar, Patan, Gujarat

Eczema
Make a paste from the bark of Kair and leaves of
mamejava (Enicostema littorale Bl.) taken in
equal quantity. Apply the paste on the infected
area
- Karimbhai Sumara, Banaskantha, Gujarat

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 52
Source: [Link]
p i c t u r e s _ e c a r d s /
Capparis%[Link]
PART II : HERBAL PRACTICES & PRODUCTS

Uses of Carica papaya L. (Papita)

NIF Database

Uses from Rajasthan Kidney stone

Take the root juice orally
Toothache - Sandhya Suman, Sitamarhi, Bihar
Mix equal amount of fruit latex of papita, Asafoetida and
camphor. Put the mixture on the aching tooth Hydrocele
- Pravin Kumar, Sikar, Rajasthan Make a paste of latex and tender fruit. Give one teaspoon
thrice a day till the ailment cures.
Kidney stone - Dimbeswar Gogoi, Sibsagar, Assam
Take the root extract orally
- Chanda Kumari Lohar, Sirohi, Rajasthan

Uses from other states

Uses in Classical Codified Literature
Lactogogue
Eat the ripe fruit
- Kalia Behera, Bargarh, Orissa Decoction of the flower is used as cardiotonic27; bark
powder is applied externally on wounds3; decoction of
Jaundice the bark is given orally to get rid of intestinal worms28;
Take the root decoction thrice a day along with some beverage of the fruit is taken orally to cure diarrhoea29.
other herbs Natural moisturizers and creams30 are prepared from
- Yanueg Jamoh Lego, East Siang, Arunachal Pradesh Carica in combination with other plants. Thirty patents
were found on its medicinal uses as an antiallergic31 and
Cuts & wounds for prevention of cancer32.
Apply leaf paste topically
- Jongam Ngemu, Papum Pare, Arunachal Pradesh

Ringworm
Apply the milky latex on the affected area
- Mukesh Kumar, East Champaran, Bihar

Apply small fruit pieces topically

- Marykutty Thomas, Idukki, Kerala

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 53 Source: [Link]

piantetropicali/Carica_papaya.jpg
 PART II : HERBAL PRACTICES & PRODUCTS

Uses of Cuscuta reflexa Roxb. (Amarbel)

NIF Database

Uses from Rajasthan Uses in Classical Codified Literature

Hair care
Apply the plant decoction on the scalp
Decoction of the vine is mixed in the water for bathing to
- Dinesh Kumawat, Ajmer, Rajasthan
combat fever33; seeds are used as carminative2; plant is
used for treating jaundice2; Extract of the plant is used as
Headache
diuretic2. Product ‘Blossom Hair Oil’34 and ‘Wondruff Oil’34
Mix curd in the plant decoction in 1:3 ratio, heat and
is an ayurvedic natural herbal formula helps to promote
inhale the vapours
thick and healthy hair. ‘Super Herbal Care’35 is anti fat
- Dalpat Singh Rathod, Nagor, Rajasthan
tablet taken for reducing weight.
Uses from other states

Anthelminitic
Take extract of plant (50g) in 100 ml of water for seven
days
-Prabhat Sharma, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh

Skin disease
Apply plant paste over the infected area
-Community knowledge, Aizwal, Mizoram

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 54
Source: [Link]
PART II : HERBAL PRACTICES & PRODUCTS

Uses of Datura metel L. (Dhatura)

NIF Database

Uses from Rajasthan

Uses in Classical Codified Literature
Headache
Seeds are chewed and spat for instant relief
- Ganesh Das, Sirohi, Rajasthan One fruit, filled with 10g Piper longum L. is burnt and 5g
of the ash is taken with honey, morning and evening for
Earache 5 days to cure malaria1; the thumb is kept inserted within
Put two drops of the leaf juice in the ear the fruit to treat finger felon36; root paste is applied
- Ram Kishan Gatani, Nagor, Rajasthan externally on poisonous bites37. ‘Muscles & joint rub’5 is
a highly effective medicine for backache, muscular sprain
Diarrhoea and joint pain made from the plant.
Soak a fruit in water overnight. Filter the water next
morning, add salt and sugar, and take it orally
- Rukma Devi, Nagor, Rajasthan

Skin disease
Put lukewarm leaf smeared with ghee over the affected
area
- Shakuntala Devi, Nagor, Rajasthan

Uses from other states

Alopecia
Smear the leaf juice on the head and leave for 30
minutes
-Bansi Ghosal, West Midnapur, West Bengal

Asthma
Take a seed soaked in water orally initially. Gradually
increase a seed every week for five weeks
- Rani Farhat, Hazaribag, Jharkhand

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 55
Source:[Link]
& [Link].comimagesplantsdatura_metel_%5Bflower%[Link]
 PART II : HERBAL PRACTICES & PRODUCTS

Uses of Ficus benghalensis L. (Vat)

NIF Database

Uses from Rajasthan Uses in Classical Codified Literature

Blisters
Apply the milky latex topically
- Omprakash Sharma, Sikar, Rajasthan Aerial roots’ paste mixed with salt after filtering is taken
once a day in the morning for 8 days in case of diabetes38;
Stomachache decoction of plant is applied externally on wounds and
Apply the milky latex on the naval region ulcers39; latex is given orally to cure bronchitis40.
- Ranjeet Kumar Chowdhary, Sirohi, Rajasthan
‘Anti-Dandruff shampoo’5, a product prepared from this
Backache plant in combination with other plants, is used to keep
Put lukewarm leaf smeared with ghee over the aching hair healthy and dandruff free. Product ‘KLD Lotion’41, a
area multiherbal ayurvedic preparation using Ficus, is effective
- Suresh Kumar Seshma, Nagor, Rajasthan in many skin ailments such as acne marks, pimples, burns
- sunburns, nappy rash etc. ‘Litina’42, a herbal toothpaste
Uses from other states made from this plant along with other plants, is good for
the gums and the teeth. Four patents have been found on
Whooping cough medicinal applications of Ficus for antitumor43 medication,
Grind the bark into a fine paste and take one spoonful wound healing44 etc.
orally
- Priyanka Kumari, West Champaran, Bihar

Wound
Apply the mixture of leaf ash and coconut oil topically
- Priyanka Paramanik, Purulia, West Bengal

Sprain
Smear lukewarm bark paste on the site of the sprain
- Arun Ghosh, Bankura, West Bengal

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 56
Source: NIF database
PART II : HERBAL PRACTICES & PRODUCTS

Uses of Mangifera indica L. (Aam)

NIF Database

Uses from Rajasthan Uses in Classical Codified Literature

Toothache
Burn the stem of aam and leaves of jamun (Syzygium Bark decoction is given orally to cure diarrhoea 45 ;
cuminii (L.) Skeels); add a pinch of alum in this ash. decoction of leaves and bark is given orally to cure pain
Brush the teeth with this powder and aches46; and bark of the plant acts as an appetizer47.
- Jitendra Singh Vagehla, Sirohi, Rajasthan ‘Wildcrafted Angel’s Touch Hand Crème’30, a herbal
cosmetic product, is formulated to restore rough and
Diarrhoea reddened hands and to keep them velvety and soft.30
Abrade the seed of mango and tamarind (Tamarindus ‘Mensta’48, a multi-herb drug, acts as uterine support
indica L.) on stone. Make a paste and take it orally and is the first non-hormonal menstrual modulator with
- Hiralal Gonda, Dungarpur, Rajasthan spasmodic activity. Fourteen patents have been found
on its various medicinal uses such as for treating
Scorpion sting gastrointestinal disorders49 and for hair growth50.
Apply the watery sap topically
- Dhanabhai Koted, Dungarpur, Rajasthan

Uses from other states

Asthma
Take one spoonful of powder of roasted mango seeds
orally twice a day
- Narsabhai Bhagabhai Bubadiya, Sabarkantha, Gujarat

Stomachache
Take a cup of the juice of roasted fruit along with sugar
- Akash Kumar Jha, Sitamarhi, Bihar

Dysentery
Take one spoonful bark powder orally
- Gamaliyal Hembrom, Hazaribag, Jharkhand

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 57 Source: [Link]

stories/[Link]
Source: [Link]
stories/[Link]
 PART II : HERBAL PRACTICES & PRODUCTS

Uses of Moringa oleifera Lam. (Sargava)

NIF Database

Uses from Rajasthan Leucoderma

Take the curry of the leaves of moringa, pumpkin and
Itching spinach
Apply the leaf paste mixed with cow’s urine topically - Rama Radhakrishnan, Idukki, Kerala
- Rameshchand Sambal, Sikar, Rajasthan

Gout
Make a paste of leaves and add equal amount of ginger Uses in Classical Codified Literature
juice and a pinch of Asafoetida. Prepare tablets and
take a tablet along with goat’s milk twice a day
- Satyanarayan Sain, Sawai Madhopur, Rajasthan Juice of bark is given orally along with a pinch of
asafetida and salt 39; dried fruit is eaten to combat
Wound diabetes51; powder of the plant is administered orally to
Apply the bark powder topically cure asthma51.
- Nanuram Nanima, Dungarpur, Rajasthan
Product ‘Sugan Nutrimix’53 is a ready mix preparation
Uses from other states where Moringa is mixed with pulses, spices and other
natural ingredients to make it rich in nutrients, minerals,
Asthma protein etc., and to enhance its taste. This powder can
Take 30g of the root juice orally along with an equal be consumed in it is natural form or can be mixed with
amount of ginger juice staple food. ‘Pain Massage Oil’5 is a herbal oil, which
- Sanjay Singh Uplana, Nagda, Madhya Pradesh provides relief from neuromuscular pain. Twelve patents
have been found on its medicinal uses such as for
Diabetes anticancer54 and antidiabetic55 properties.
Take the leaf juice orally
- Rahul Kumar Mahato, Gopalganj, Bihar

Joint pain
Take the bud curry to reduce the pain
- Sanjay Singh Uplana, Nagda, Madhya Pradesh

Ulcer
Make pills from the leaf paste. Take one pill for
three days early in the morning after light
breakfast
- Sukumar Nath, North Tripura, Tripura

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 58
Source:NIF Database
PART II : HERBAL PRACTICES & PRODUCTS

Uses of Phyllanthus emblica L. (Amla)

NIF Database

Uses from Rajasthan Uses in Classical Codified Literature

Dandruff
Apply the fruit juice on the scalp Bark and fruits are used in diarrhoea and dysentery56;
- Sunita Kumawat, Jaipur, Rajasthan fresh juice of the fruit, mixed with pure cow’s butter and
honey, is administered to cure obstinate hiccough56; juice
Stomachache relieves pain in urine trouble56; pulp (2-3g) is eaten with
Take the fruit juice orally warm milk to get rid of headache57; powder of seeds
- Shakuntala Devi, Nagor, Rajasthan after mixing with ghee is applied on the head to stop
nasal bleeding9; fruits are taken orally to reduce acidity58;
Diabetes decoction of the fruit is taken to increase blood count39.
Take the fresh fruit juice along with honey
- Bimala Devi, Jaipur, Rajasthan Phyllanthus is one of the main ingredients of well known
medicines ‘Triphala, Chavanprash and Amla hair oil’5.
Uses from other states Seventy-six patents have been found on its medicinal
uses such as for diabetes59, liver disorders and immune
Jaundice deficiencies60.
Take the plant powder (5g) along with milk
- Kiran Batti, Dhamtari, Chhattisgarh

Wound
Apply the leaf paste topically
- Sevaram Bhaskar, Dhamtari, Chhattisgarh

Gray hair
Wash the hair regularly with the fruit decoction
- Sulekha Jabbar, Idukki, Kerala

Headache
Make bark paste using the water in which rice has been
washed. Apply the paste on the forehead
- Sulekha Jabbar, Idukki, Kerala

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 59
Source: http:\\[Link].com_-_0Vm9q0ROoR5L2s
[Link]
 PART II : HERBAL PRACTICES & PRODUCTS

Uses of Solanum xanthocarpum Schrad. & Wendl. (Bhoi ringani)

NIF Database
Use from Rajasthan Vomiting
Take the root juice orally with some honey
Toothache - Sanjay Singh Uplana, Nagda, Madhya Pradesh
Boil seeds in sesame oil. Apply the medicated oil over
the aching tooth
- Shantilal Baranda, Dungarpur, Rajasthan Uses in Classical & Codified Literature
Uses from other states

Toothache Extract of dried flowers is administered orally to cure

Inhale the fumes of the seeds burnt in coconut shell fever61; extract of fruit and seed is taken orally to combat
- Ramathayu, Idukki, Kerala cold62; the plant acts as a gastric stimulant61. Product
‘Diakof’5 and ‘Koflet’5 made from Solanum is beneficial
Mouth ulcer for both dry and productive cough. Five patents have
Take the fruit juice orally with a little salt been found on its various medicinal uses such as
- O. Ibobi Devi, Bishnupur, Manipur bronchial asthma63 and cancer64 etc.

Throat pain
Take the root decoction orally along with honey
- Sanjay Singh Uplana, Nagda, Madhya Pradesh

Fever
Take the root powder orally to cure fever
- Kamlesh Patil, Jalgaon, Maharashtra

Take the fruit juice orally along with honey

- Shijagurumayum Sandhyarani Devi, Bishnupur,
Manipur

Ear pus
Put 2-3 drops of the root decoction in the ear
- Kamlesh Patil, Jalgaon, Maharashtra

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 60
Source:SRISTI Database
PART II : HERBAL PRACTICES & PRODUCTS

Promotion of knowledge based enterprises and lateral markets

National Innovation Foundation in association with regional collaborator Peermade Development Society, Idukki,
Kerala initiated a massive campaign through women self help groups to mobilize knowledge, innovations and
practices among women. In this exercise more than ten thousand traditional knowledge practices were documented
(many were quite common) from the field of cosmetics, nutraceauticals, health care, cooking etc., from just one
block of a district in Kerala. This exercise has indicated the immense potential of knowledge at the grassroots,
which can be converted into products and viable enterprises for augmenting livelihood options for rural women.

Initially four products having commercial potential were taken up for enterprise development. All knowledge
holders of the four products were constituted as a single SHG named Amala and SSI registration was done.
Nutrient supplement, baby massage oil and incense stick are the products selected for the initial intervention. The
products were tested and standardized. All products were made available in the market under the brand name
SAHYA.

The products were formally launched on August 11, 2007 in an auspicious function, attended by large number of
women including the innovators. Amala enterprise was supported through the MVIF scheme of NIF.

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 61
PART II : HERBAL PRACTICES & PRODUCTS

Herbal Formulations for Healthy Crops~

SRISTI SHASTRA
Arkhiben Vankar, Ranabhai Kamaliya, Banidan Gadhvi, Gemal Rana, Rajnikant Patel, Ahmadbhai Kadivala,
Gujarat.
It flourishes the growth of the plant by increasing flowering as well as fruiting. Besides overall vegetative
growth, it is not harmful to nature and human beings. It also controls sucking pests like white fly, heliothis,
aphid etc.

SRISTI KRUSHAK
Popatbhai Rupabhai Jambucha, Gujarat
It is an excellent remedy for leaf curl disease. Besides controlling the disease it increases the vigor of the
plants by increasing overall growth.

SRISTI SURAKSHA
Community Knowledge, Gujarat
It is a very efficient treatment for termite and acts as a vitaliser to the affected crops. To control termites
the herbal formulation is mixed with sand and spread in the field. Some times it is released in the field along
with the flow of irrigation water. In some cases, it is also drenched in the affected part of the plant and
sprayed on the vegetation to repel termites.

SRISTI PRAYAS
Community Knowledge, Gujarat
It is a highly effective formulation to act as a herbal growth promoter, which stops shedding of flowers as
well as increases the overall growth of the plant. This formulation strengthens the plants internally and
enables them to withstand extreme weather conditions. Constant use of this formulation increases the yield
and reduces the toxic content in our daily diet.

SRISTI SHAKTI
Community Knowledge, Gujarat
A herbal growth promoter, which helps in production of excellent quality organic food grain. Constant use of
this formulation not only increases the yield but also reduces the toxic contamination in our food and
environment.

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 62
PART II : HERBAL PRACTICES & PRODUCTS

Herbal Formulations for Livestock and Poultry~

Coccicure
Sudakarbhai K. Gauli & Jeevalbhai M. Gauli, Dang, Gujarat

It is a unique herbal medication for prevention and curing of Coccidiosis (Eimeria sp infections) in Poultry.
The primary function of the medication is to reduce the oocytes maturation and affects the life cycle of
various Eimeria species.

Poultmax
Community knowledge, Valsad, Dang, Gujarat

It is a unique herbal medication for promoting poultry immunity. It cures symptoms like greenish diarrhoea,
conjunctivitis, nasal sputum, drop in egg production and respiratory distress in poultry. About 30g/100 birds
for 0-4 weeks & 60g/100 birds for 4-8 weeks may be administered for seven days in stress or for three days
before and three days after expected stress.

Mastiherb
Ukhardiyabhai S. Raot, Dang, Gujarat

Mastiherb is a unique intramammary herbal medication for curing mastitis in animals. Clinical trials indicated
efficacy of the medication over subclinical mastitis; clinical mastitis and chronic mastitis. It was also
validated in case of mastitis due to Staphylococcus aureus. The dose rate was found to be single intra
mammary infusion for minimum three days after adequate standardization.

~
These formulations are based on traditional knowledge of farmers and developed by Sadbhav-SRISTI Sanshodhan Laboratory
([Link]). These products are licensed to Matrix Biosciences Pvt. Ltd, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh. The benefits are
shared with the knowledge providers, communities, nature, those who add value and other stakeholders in the knowledge and
value chain.

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 63
Strength does not come through concrete in NATIONAL
shifting sands,
INNOVATION FOUNDATION, INDIA
layers of disconnectedness
IGNITE 09- The National Students’ Competition
IGNITE is a national competition of ideas and
innovations of school children organized by NIF. It is
Co-sponsors
open fill August 31, 2009. The awards will be
announced on October 15, 2009, the birthday of
Hon’ble former President of India, Dr. A.P.J. Abdul
Honey Bee Network
Kalam; celebrated as Children’s Creativity and
Innovation Day. The awards will be given by Dr. Kalam
at his convenience soon after. Those who can not
submit entries till August can submit later also for the
next annual competition.

CBSE
NIF will provide support for patenting and incubating
innovative projects in all deserving cases. All school
going children up to class XII of any school (and even
out of school) can participate in the competition either
by sending their entries through post to our address
SRISTI
mentioned below or through email at
ignite09@[Link] (For more details, please log on
to [Link]).
Children can submit entries in any or all of these IGNITE 2009
categories: a) ideas of technologies not yet developed,
IIM-A
National Innovation Foundation,
b) innovative products developed by the students (does Bungalow No 1, Satellite Complex
not matter if these are crude or just proof of concept), Prem Chand Nagar Road,
c) problems identified in their neighborhood with which Ahmedabad 380 015
we have lived for long without solving them, and d) ignite09@[Link]
traditional knowledge practices learned from elders. [Link]
Please note that the projects guided by teachers/
Making Homes:parents
Sikkimwill not be accepted.
 01 PART III : INNOVATIONS FOR RAJASTHAN

Sanitary Napkin Making Machine

Sanitary napkins, a universally needed product, have a very low penetration in India
due to high price and the traditional trend of using cheaper but unhygienic old cloth
pieces. The innovator has developed a machine that produces quality sanitary napkins
at a low cost.

One can prepare sanitary napkins with industry standard raw materials while cutting
A Muruganandam down the cost in production. It requires three to four persons to produce two pads per
Tamil Nadu
minute. Costing less than half of conventional options, this machine produces sanitary
pads @ Rs.1 to Rs. 1.50 per pad approximately.

The innovator prefers to sell the napkin making machinery only to self-help groups of
women. He has also designed a napkin vending machine such that one can put a coin
and get a pad. With the support from the Micro Venture Innovation Fund scheme of NIF,
the innovator has been able to install over fifty units in seven states.

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 66
PART III : INNOVATIONS FOR RAJASTHAN
02
Garlic Peeling & Lemon Cutting Machine

Faster peeling of garlic in an effective way is a major requirement in the pickle industry.
This product is a food-grade, fully automated machinery designed for bulk quantity peeling
of garlic. The machine ensures minimal damage and has wide application in making
pickles and herbal medicines. The machine is energy efficient, saves labour, and has
low capital and operating cost. It frees the industry from capacity constraints caused by
shortage of labour in peak seasons.
M Nagrajan
The second product is also used in pickle industry, but for cutting lemons. It is a cost Tamil Nadu
effective machine, having innovative design, with continuous feeding system. It performs
precise and standard cutting of large quantity of lemons in uniform shape and size. It can
be operated by one person and cuts lemon into eight equal pieces. The innovator has
been able to run a good business with the financial support of Micro Venture Innovation
Fund and marketing effort of NIF. He received a National award in NIF’s Third National
Competition for Grassroots Innovations and Traditional Knowledge Practices in 2005.

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 67
 03 PART III : INNOVATIONS FOR RAJASTHAN

Manual Milking Machine

Safe milking of cows/buffaloes is a requirement across rural India and this product is an
efficient step in that direction. It is a low cost, manually operated device that helps farmers
to milk the animal hygienically and also reduce drudgery in the process.

The machine has simple controls and can be easily operated by women as well. The
Raghav Gowda creation of suction and low vacuum makes it suitable for other applications also. NIF
Karnataka has been giving marketing support to the innovator. As a result, this machine has also
been sold to customers in Phillipines, Uganda and Ethiopia apart from India. Raghav
was given State Award in NIF’s Third National Competition for Grassroots Innovations
and Traditional Knowledge Practices in 2005 for the machine (also see Honey Bee,
15(4):4-9, 2004).

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 68
PART III : INNOVATIONS FOR RAJASTHAN
04
Aloe vera Gel Extractor

The innovator has developed an effective multipurpose unit capable of pulverizing,

steaming, and extraction of gel for herbal applications.

With this device, the innovator uses the specially designed pressure cooking chamber to
extract the essence from Aloe vera. Being a compact portable unit, it can be quickly and
easily transported and used anywhere even in the fields, to process herbs and deliver
on demand. The present machine has a capacity to process 100 kg of Aloe vera per Dharamveer
hour. The innovator was supported for production and commercialisation through GIAN Haryana
North . One unit has been sent to Kenya on a pilot basis for application feasibility study in
the country. Once the feasibility is confirmed, a contract order from the country is expected
for more number of units. NIF has also filed a patent for the machine in the innovator’s
name.

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 69
 05 PART III : INNOVATIONS FOR RAJASTHAN

Hand Operated Water Lifting Device

An efficient way of pumping water to meet requirements in a cost effective way is always
a challenge in rural India.

Developed from locally available materials, this hand operated water lifting device is
simple in design, delivers high discharge and is low cost compared to conventional hand
pump, bucket pump, and bicycle operated pumps.
N Sakthimainthan
Tamil Nadu He received a Consolation award in NIF’s Fourth National Competition for Grassroots
Innovations and Traditional Knowledge Practices in 2007. NIF also filed a patent for this
device in the innovator’s name. The Innovation has been taken up for value addition at
CMERI Durgapur (WB) through the NIF-CSIR JIC Fellowship Scheme.

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 70
PART III : INNOVATIONS FOR RAJASTHAN
06
Mobile Operated Switch and Multi-media Poster

Imagine a village where the farmer has the luxury of being able to stay at home and
switch his irrigation pump in the faraway field on or off as required during the day or at
night. This is made possible by this innovation, which uses the power of mobile telephony
to trigger electrical control switches.
The farmer can remotely know the status of the pump in his cell phone and turn the motor
on or off by calling the particular configured number. It activates the switching by certain Prem Singh Saini
number of rings and hence incurs no call charges. Patent was filed by NIF in the innovator’s Haryana
name for this technology, which also won him a National Award in NIF’s Fourth National
Competition for Grassroots Innovations and Traditional Knowledge Practices in 2007.
Prem Singh has developed several other innovations, one of which is the viewer triggered
multi-media poster. If any agency wants to communicate some graphic message with
different language audios or videos, this multi-media poster can be very useful. NIF
facilitated a Mumbai based company to purchase two hundred units of the talking poster
worth around eight lakh rupees for diffusion in various states. These were made available
in five local languages.

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 71
 07 PART III : INNOVATIONS FOR RAJASTHAN

Auto Air Kick Pump

This innovation is a low cost, portable, compact aid to inflate tyre tubes/punctures of any
vehicle having kick start or auto start mechanism so as to fix the problem on the spot and
enable the rider to reach the nearby gas station or repair shop.

This device uses the engine as the compressor for pumping air into the tube. A pinch of
polymer granules is also inserted in the tube to seal the leakage in the tube.
Arvindbhai Patel
Gujarat Arvindbhai won a National Award in NIF’s Second National Competition for Grassroots
Innovations and Traditional Knowledge in 2002. NIF, apart from filing a patent in his
name, facilitated sales of a few hundred pieces to customers in Assam and Arunachal
Pradesh through dealership technology licensing and local entrepreneurs. The
technology is available for licensing to enterpreneurs in different states.

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 72
PART III : INNOVATIONS FOR RAJASTHAN
08
Check Dam and Dual Purpose Tractor

The innovator lives in an arid region, prone to water scarcity. This inspired him to build a
dam that could be built on site using local materials, unskilled labour, and at minimal
cost.

His path breaking innovation consists of a modular check dam built using the arch shaped
bunds in sequence. The innovator was inspired by the strength and durability of arches Bhanjibhai Mathukia
used vertically in constructing bridges. He used locally available materials such as stones, Gujarat
river sand and deployed one mason and four labourers to build the dam. The low cost
dam was built in 4 days and at a total cost of Rs 10,000. This dam has made the area a
green haven.

His next major innovation, developed over 15 years was a compact yet powerful 10HP
“convertible” tractor. The front axle is designed facilitating its deployment as a “three
wheeler” at low speed for farming operations and a “four wheeler” at higher speeds for
transporting goods to the market. The tractor is built with an adjustable wheel base for
various inter-culturing operations, thereby enabling the farmer to repair the unit with
minimal effort or skills.

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 73
 09 PART III : INNOVATIONS FOR RAJASTHAN

Kudrat 9- An Improved Variety Of Wheat

The innovator believes that every farmer should get good quality seeds to deliver high
yielding varieties of crops. He has developed a number of improved wheat, paddy, mustard
and pigeon pea varieties, which are high yielding, robust stem, having bold seeds with
good taste and resistance to major pests & diseases.

“Kudrat 9”, an improved wheat variety, developed by him using simple method of selection
Prakash S Raghuvanshi is quite popular among the farmers in different parts of Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh,
Uttar Pradesh Chattisgarh, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Gujarat and some parts of Bihar, Haryana and
Punjab. This variety bears large number of ear bearing tillers with lengthy spikes and has
a hardy stem. The grain contains high protein and has better taste. The average yield of
this variety is 55-60 quintals / hectares.

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 74
PART III : INNOVATIONS FOR RAJASTHAN
10
Herbal Growth Promoter

A herbal plant growth promoter, which is effective in protecting the plants from a broad
spectrum of pests apart from providing necessary nutrition has been developed. It is
named as “Kamaal” meaning wonderful, due to its performance. It is effective in field
crops as well as in vegetable crops.

The main ingredients of the product are “aak” (Calotropis gigantea), “reetha” (Sapindus
Ishwar Singh Kundu
trifoliatus), “dhatura” (Datura metel), “neem” (Azadirachta indica), Tobacco (Nicotiana
Haryana
tabacum), and “bhang” (Cannabis sativa), etc.

The innovator won a Consolation Award in NIF’s Fourth National Competition for
Grassroots Innovations and Traditional Knowledge in 2007. He has also been supported
under the Micro Venture Innovation Fund of NIF for commercialising “Kamaal”. The product
is a good hit in the local market and is fetching steady income for the innovator. This
product has also been supplied for use in the gardens in the Rashtrapati Bhavan with
encouraging results.

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 75
 11 PART III : INNOVATIONS FOR RAJASTHAN

Richa 2000- Perennial Pigeon Pea Variety

Progressive farmer Raj Kumar Rathore (40) owns 18 acres of land on which he grows
wheat, soybean, mango, strawberry and litchi. One acre is reserved for breeding new
pigeon pea varieties. His family has always supported his plant breeding efforts, even
when the government discouraged him.

Rathore has developed a high yielding perennial pigeon pea variety with a bushy growth
Raj Kumar Rathore habit. He first began his foray into commercial plant breeding in 1997 when he noticed
Madhya Pradesh an odd plant in his field of ICPL-87. The plant remained green for a longer duration and
had bigger flowers and longer leaves. He propagated the plant in isolation but found
that yields were low until he began topping the plant twice a year to encourage further
branching. Rathore has struggled in the marketing of his variety but remains hopeful
that a solution will be found.

Apart from the plant variety he has also made a motor-cycle

driven agricultural implement and has developed a technique
to preserve strawberries while in transportation. He was given
a Consolation award in NIF’s Fourth National Competition
for Grassroots Innovations and Traditional Knowledge in
2007.

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 76
PART III : INNOVATIONS FOR RAJASTHAN
12
Pulley With Stopper

With water table going down and length of rope to pull water increasing, women (who
have to often perform this arduous task) have to face a lot of drudgery while pulling
water through conventional pulley. Many times while pulling water, women/men feel
tired and have to pause to catch their breath. Bucket some times fall into the well. Indian
civilization developed a bunch of hooks to get such a bucket out of the well but could not
devise any mechanism so that bucket does not fall into the well. Honey Bee network Amrutbhai Agrawat
had posed this problem to a network of innovators and then Amrutbhai came out with Gujarat
this innovation more than a decade ago. He attached a stopper over the pulley so that
by the backward movement of rope, lever will press it automatically and would not let it
slip. Now the person can take the rest as long as one wishes, without having to keep
holding the rope. The innovation is available in three models - Ganga, Narmada and
Saraswati. For this innovation he won Asian Innovation Award in 2000 and a National
Award in NIF’s First National Competition for Grassroots Innovations and Traditional
Knowledge in 2001. An attempt was made to diffuse this pulley with the help of SEWA ,
Ahmedabad in a few hundred cases.

Much more remains to be done. Apart from these two, Amrutbhai

has made numerous other devices like Bund maker (bumper) to
make bunds in the field for facilitating irrigation, Santi- multipurpose
agricultural attachment, Groundnut digger (mini kaliyu), blades for
the kaliyu, wheat sowing box, Aaruni-tilting bullock cart among other
things.

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 77
 13 PART III : INNOVATIONS FOR RAJASTHAN

Two-wheeler Based Spray Painting Device

The innovation is a painting device that can be easily mounted on a two-wheeler scooter
and carried to a customer’s place. Deriving power from the two-wheeler’s engine to run
the compressor, this device lends flexibility of usage to the painter. This innovation won
Sheikh Jahangir a consolation prize in NIF’s Fourth National Competition for Grassroots
Innovations and Traditional Knowledge in 2007. NIF also filed a patent application for
the same and supported him through the Micro Venture Innovation Fund. He has also
Sheikh Jahangir Sheikh made a scooter mounted washing machine and a scooter mounted flour mill.
Usman
Maharashtra

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 78
PART III : INNOVATIONS FOR RAJASTHAN
14
Earthen Kitchen Products

Tawa/pan: Non-stick tawas have become an essential part of our kitchens to prepare
low oil food. But these non-stick pans made of metal are quite costly. Their non-stick
coating also does not last long. Blending traditional and modern technology,
Mansukhbhai has developed a clay tawa with a black non-stick food grade coating.
Being non-metallic, the rotis, dosas and other items cooked on it give a different taste
and feel much better. The paint gets into the clay pores and thus does not come off
despite prolonged use. He was also supported under the Micro Venture Innovation Fund Mansukhbhai Prajapati
scheme of NIF. Gujarat

Mitticool: It is a fridge for the common man that does not require electricity and keeps
food fresh too. Mansukhbhai came up with Mitticool, a fridge made of clay, working on
the principle of evaporation. Water from the upper chambers drips down the side, gets
evaporated, leaving the chambers cool. This keeps food, vegetables and even milk fresh
naturally for days. He has received national and international exposure and the recent
issue of The Economist carried a story in which his innovation was mentioned. Lot of
queries have come from around the world for his Mitticool, including from the world’s
third largest company in Germany.

Cooker: It is a pressure cooker made from clay. Food cooked in

clay vessel has different taste from the food cooked in the
conventional vessels. He has been short listed for recognition in
Fifth round of NIF’s National Competition for Grassroots
Innovations and Traditional Knowledge.

RAJASTHAN INNOVATES 79
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