Set 14: Uniform Motion
14.1 [a] [b]
distance travelled distance travelled
speed = speed =
time taken time taken
20.1 20.1 ÷ 1000
speed = speed =
0.75 0.75 ÷ (60×60)
speed = 26.8 ms-1 speed = 96.5 kmh-1
14.2
distance travelled
[a] speed =
time taken
!"#
speed =
!.!
speed = 110 kmh-1
[b] The most likely explanation for Jane’s average velocity being smaller than her average speed is that the road
between the two towns is not a straight line. Jane’s velocity would be calculated using the vector drawn
between the two towns (Jane’s displacement) rather than the total distance travelled. As this vector is smaller
than the total distance she travelled, her velocity will be less.
14.3
distance travelled
speed =
time taken
distance travelled = speed × time taken
distance travelled = 850×3.5
distance travelled = 2.98×10! km
14.4
!
[a] 𝑠 = 270 − 255 [b] 𝑣 =
!
𝑠 = 15.0 km E !"
𝑣=
!.!
𝑣 = 30.0 kmh-1 E
14.5
𝑠
𝑣=
𝑡 𝑠 = 𝑣𝑡
1 𝑠 = 4×1.25
𝑣=
0.25 𝑠 = 5.00 km W
𝑣 = 4.00 kmh-1 W
14.6
𝑠
𝑣=
𝑡
𝑠
𝑡=
𝑣
3.84×10! ×1000
𝑡=
6.40×10!
𝑡 = 6.00×10! s or 16.7 hr
Exploring Physics Year 11 ATAR 1
14.7
𝑠
𝑣=
𝑡
𝑠
𝑡=
𝑣
280×1000
𝑡=
8.2
𝑡 = 3.41×10! s or 9.49 hr
14.8
Rebecca can measure her average speed fairly by having a friend time how long she takes to run a known
distance. However, as Rebecca will take a while to accelerate to her top speed, she will need to have the friend
start timing once she has reached her top speed. A simple way to do this might be for Rebecca to run a standard
100 m track, but only be timed for the second half of the sprint.
14.9
One way to check your speedometer would be to drive a fixed distance (e.g. 1 km) while keeping the speedometer
reading a constant speed (e.g. 50 kmh-1). By timing how long it takes you to drive this distance you can determine
your actual speed and compare this to the value given by the speedometer.
14.10
[a] total distance = 800 + 600 + 1000 + 600 + 200 = 3200 = 3.20×10! m
distance travelled
[b] speed =
time taken
!.!"×!"!
speed =
!"×!"
speed = 2.67 ms-1
[c] In total, the competitors have travelled 800 + 1000 + 200 = 2000 m north, and 0 m east or west (as 600 m W -
600 m E = 0 m). Therefore, the checkpoint is located 2000 m north of the starting point.
!
[d] 𝑣 =
!
!"""
𝑣=
!"×!"
𝑣 = 1.67 ms-1 N
14.11
distance travelled = 26708 − 26455
distance travelled = 253 km
At 92 kmh-1:
distance travelled
speed =
time taken
distance travelled
time taken =
speed
253
time taken =
92
time taken = 2.75 hr
∴ break time taken = 3 − 2.75 = 0.25 hr or 15 min
Exploring Physics Year 11 ATAR 2
14.12
[a]
distance travelled d 10000
speed = = t =
time taken t 0.667
800 time taken to paddle 10km upstream
speed =
20×60 = 1.50×10! s or 4.17 hr
Marvin's speed = 0.667 ms-1
[d]
[b] d d
speed = t=
t speed
speed of stream = 4 − 0.667 = 3.33 ms-1
10000
t =
[c] 3.33 + 4
d d time taken to paddle 10 km downstream
speed = t= = 1.36×10! s or 22.7 min
t speed
14.13
[a] Speed is the rate of change of distance with time, which is represented by the section of the graph with the
steepest gradient. This is the section from D to E.
[b] The motorbike is stationary when the distance is no longer changing. This is shown by a horizontal line on
the graph – the section from B to C.
[c] The motorcyclist’s change in direction is represented by the distance from her starting point decreasing,
rather than increasing (as it is from A to D). Therefore, she must have turned around at point D.
[d] Her total distance travelled will be 30 km as she travels 15 km to the furthest point from her starting point
followed by 15 km back to her starting point.
[e]
distance travelled
speed =
time taken
30
speed =
0.8
speed = 37.5 kmh-1
[f] I’m not sure about the answer to this question, as I think the most correct answer is that there is enough
information available. Since the graph shows that the motorcyclist has come back to her starting point (as
her distance from it is 0 km), her total displacement must also be 0 km. Therefore, her velocity will be 0
kmh-1 – no direction is needed for a vector with a magnitude of zero.
14.14 [a]
𝑠
𝑣=
𝑡
0.6×1000
𝑣=
1.2×10!
𝑣 = 0.5 ms-1
∴ 𝑣stream = 2 − 0.5
𝑣stream = 1.5 ms-1 downstream
[b] If the duck is paddling downstream, we can add the velocity of the duck to the velocity of the stream:
𝑠
𝑣=
𝑡
𝑠
𝑡=
𝑣
8.4×1000
𝑡=
1.5 + 2
𝑡 = 2400 s or 40 min
Exploring Physics Year 11 ATAR 3