JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS &

OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT

Vol. 6 No. 2
December 2012
- ABSTRACTS -

EDITURA UNIVERSITARA
Bucuresti
Foreword
Welcome to the Journal of Information Systems & Operations
Management (ISSN 1843-4711; IDB indexation: ProQuest, REPEC,
QBE, EBSCO, COPERNICUS). This journal is an open access journal
published two times a year by the Romanian-American University.

The published articles focus on IT&C and belong to national and

international researchers, professors who want to share their results of
research, to share ideas, to speak about their expertise and Ph.D.
students who want to improve their knowledge, to present their
emerging doctoral research.

Being a challenging and a favorable medium for scientific discussions,

all the issues of the journal contain articles dealing with current issues
from computer science, economics, management, IT&C, etc.
Furthermore, JISOM encourages the cross-disciplinary research of
national and international researchers and welcomes the contributions
which give a special “touch and flavor” to the mentioned fields. Each
article undergoes a double-blind review from an internationally and
nationally recognized pool of reviewers.
JISOM thanks all the authors who contributed to this journal by
submitting their work to be published, and also thanks to all reviewers
who helped and spared their valuable time in reviewing and evaluating
the manuscripts.
Last but not least, JISOM aims at being one of the distinguished
journals in the mentioned fields.

Looking forward to receiving your contributions,

Best Wishes

Virgil Chichernea, Ph.D.

Editor-in-Chief
 JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS & OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT

GENERAL MANAGER
Professor Ovidiu Folcut

EDITOR IN CHIEF
Professor Virgil Chichernea

EDITORIAL BOARD

Academician Gheorghe Păun Romanian Academy

Academician Mircea Stelian Petrescu Romanian Academy
Professor Eduard Radaceanu Romanian Technical Academy
Professor Ronald Carrier James Madison University, U.S.A.
Professor Pauline Cushman James Madison University, U.S.A.
Professor Allan Berg University of Dallas, U.S.A.
Professor Kent Zimmerman James Madison University, U.S.A.
Professor Traian Muntean Universite de la Mediterranee, Aix –
Marseille II , FRANCE
Associate. Professor Susan Kruc James Madison University, U.S.A.
Associate Professor Mihaela Paun Louisiana Tech University, U.S.A.
Professor Cornelia Botezatu Romanian-American University
Professor Victor Munteanu Romanian-American University
Professor Ion Ivan Academy of Economic Studies
Professor Radu Şerban Academy of Economic Studies
Professor Ion Smeureanu Academy of Economic Studies
Professor Floarea Năstase Academy of Economic Studies
Professor Sergiu Iliescu University “Politehnica” Bucharest
Professor Mircea Cirnu University “Politehnica” Bucharest
Professor Victor Patriciu National Technical Defence University,
Romania
Professor Stefan Ioan Nitchi University “Babes-Bolyai” Cluj Napoca
Professor Lucia Rusu University “Babes-Bolyai” Cluj Napoca
Professor Ion Bucur University “Politehnica” Bucharest
Associate Professor Costin Boiangiu University “Politehnica” Bucharest
Associate Professor Irina Fagarasanu University “Politehnica” Bucharest
Associate Professor Viorel Marinescu The Technical University of Civil
Engineering Bucharest
Lecturer Alexandru Tabusca Romanian-American University

Senior Staff Text Processing:

Lecturer Gabriel Eugen Garais Romanian-American University
Assistant lecturer Mariana Coancă Romanian-American University
Assistant lecturer Dragos-Paul Pop Romanian-American University
 JISOM journal details 2012

No. Item Value

1 Category 2010 (by CNCSIS) B+
2 CNCSIS Code 844
JOURNAL OF INFORMATION
3 Complete title / IDB title SYSTEMS & OPERATIONS
MANAGEMENT
4 ISSN (print and/or electronic) 1843-4711
5 Frequency SEMESTRIAL
Journal website (direct link to journal
6 [Link]
section)
ProQuest

EBSCO

REPEC
[Link]
IDB indexation (direct link to journal ml
7
section / search interface)
COPERNICUS
[Link]
[Link]?action=masterlist&id=514
7

QBE

Contact

First name and last name Virgil CHICHERNEA, PhD

Professor

Phone +4-0729-140815 | +4-021-2029513

E-mail [Link]@[Link]
vchichernea@[Link]

ISSN: 1843-4711
 The Proceedings of Journal ISOM Vol. 6 No. 2

CONTENTS
Editorial

Morgan D. Monger TEMPORAL DATA MANAGEMENT IN 237

Ramon A. Mata-Toledo NOSQL DATABASES
Pranshu Gupta
Alexandru Gavril Bardas A PAKE – SRP6 BROWSER EXTENSION 244
Virgil Chichernea TECHNIQUES FOR OPTIMIZING THE 258
Dragos-Paul Pop RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DATA STORAGE
SPACE AND DATA RETRIEVAL TIME FOR
LARGE DATABASES
Cristina Coculescu POSSIBILITIES OF MODELING 269
COMPETITIVENESS INDICES RELEVANCY
Irina Mocanu ANTICIPATORY VERSUS TRADITIONAL 278
Eugenia Kalisz GENETIC ALGORITHM
Cezar Mihãlcescu DECISION-MAKING FACTORS IN THE 291
Sion Beatrice PROCESS OF MODELING ONLINE
Mãrginean Alexandra BUSINESS
Maria-Lavinia Popescu E-LEARNING IN EUROPEAN 301
HIGHER EDUCATION
Ana-Maria Mihaela Iordache THE CORRESPONDENCE ANALYSIS 311
Mihai-Tiberiu Iordache APPLIED ON THE AGRICULTURE SECTOR
Ionela-Cătălina Tudorache OF EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES USING
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS SYSTEM
Alin Zamfiroiu HUMAN INTERACTION WITH MOBILE 323
Emanuel Herteliu APPLICATIONS
Bogdan Vintila
Gheorghe-Iulian Ioniță CYBERCRIME OFFENCES. TRENDS IN OF 332
Ștefania-Diana Ioniță-Burda THE EVOLUTION, FORMS OF
MANIFESTATION AND INCRIMINATION OF
THIS PHENOMENON
Alexandru Pîrjan SOLUTIONS FOR OPTIMIZING THE RADIX 344
Dana-Mihaela Petroşanu SORT ALGORITHMIC FUNCTION USING
THE COMPUTE UNIFIED DEVICE
ARCHITECTURE
Ovidiu Solomon NUMERICAL METHODS FOR SOLVING 359
SDES CASE STUDY
Mariana Coancă THE IMPACT OF THE INFORMATION 368
TECHNOLOGY ON THE E.U LINGUISTIC
SECTOR
Gabriel Eugen Garais MAINTENANCE PROCESSES EVALUATION 378
FOR DISTRIBUTED APPLICATIONS
Ionela-Catalina Tudorache THE ADVANTAGES AND THE 389
Ana-Maria Mihaela Iordache DISADVANTAGES OF E-LEARNING IN
Mihai-Tiberiu Iordache EUROPEAN UNION
Ahmad Alomari APPLYING PUZZLE ENCRYPTION IN THE 396
ON-DEMAND ROUTING PROTOCOLS IN
MOBILE AD HOC NETWORKS (MANETS)
Alexandru Tăbușcă ELECTRONIC ONLINE ADVERTISING – 410
THE “ECONOMIC CRISIS” IS JUST THE
PRETEXT OF THE FALL
Costin-Anton Boiangiu THE IMAGE BINARIZATION PROBLEM 419
Ion Bucur REVISITED: PERSPECTIVES AND
Andrei Tigora APPROACHES
Costin-Anton Boiangiu BUILDING NON-OVERLAPPING 428
Mihai Zaharescu POLYGONS FOR IMAGE DOCUMENT
Ion Bucur LAYOUT ANALYSIS RESULTS
 TEMPORAL DATA MANAGEMENT IN NOSQL DATABASES

Morgan D. Monger1
Ramon A. Mata-Toledo2
Pranshu Gupta3

ABSTRACT

Temporal data management is recognized concept of managing data that changes over
time. Traditionally, a temporal data management system (TDMS) was considered
separate system, i.e. an extension of the traditional relational database management
system (RDBMS). Recently a non-relational database, called NoSQL, has become quite
popular for scalability and storage of big data. Even with this new approach for
managing data, temporal data management is still a work in progress. This paper
provides an overview of temporal data management and NoSQL databases. Also,
temporal data management is discussed within the context of NoSQL databases. This
paper concludes with observations and suggestions for future research.

Keywords: temporal database, NoSQL, database, big data, bi-temporal data

A PAKE – SRP6 BROWSER EXTENSION

Alexandru Gavril Bardas4

ABSTRACT

The username/password paradigm is a well-known authentication mechanism. Probably

the most common version in use is the password authentication via an HTML form. The
user has to type his/her password directly into a web page from the site to which he/she
wishes to authenticate himself/herself. The problem with using this approach is that it
relies on the user to determine when it is safe to enter his/her password. If the user
authenticates himself/herself to a phishing website by disclosing his/her password, the
password is stolen even though the session is fully encrypted. In other words in traditional
password authentication, passwords are used only for client-side authentication.
Password-authenticated key exchange (PAKE) on the other hand, offers password-based
mutual authentication. This mutual authentication is different because its client-side
authentication cannot be separated from its server-side authentication part.

This paper shows that PAKE can represent a practical alternative approach to protect
passwords without relying on a Public Key Infrastructure (PKI). Therefore, the goal of
this work was to study how to integrate PAKE into web applications, not to develop a

1 Lead Developer/Designer, Datatel Inc., Fairfax, VA 22033

2 Department of Computer Science, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA 22801
3 PhD Candidate, Computing and Information Sciences, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66502
4
bardasag@[Link], Kansas State University
standalone PAKE implementation. We analyzed the PAKE client-side implementation
within a web browser and tested it with a server-side implementation on a web server.
The developed extension is a Mozilla Firefox web browser extension. The
implementation is just a proof of concept that shows that a password authenticated key
exchange can be done over HTTP and can be used against phishing attacks.

TECHNIQUES FOR OPTIMIZING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DATA

STORAGE SPACE AND DATA RETRIEVAL TIME FOR LARGE DATABASES

Virgil Chichernea5
Dragos-Paul Pop6

ABSTRACT

There are large amounts of data generated in the information society every day; this data
comes from various sources, like measuring devices, public administration, mass media,
telephony, GPS, the movie industry, television stations, etc. Gartner, the author of the
“hype cycle” concept, defines the “BIG Data” (BIGD) concept as "high volume, velocity
and/or variety information assets that demand cost-effective, innovative forms of
information processing that enable enhanced insight, decision making, and process
automation". It is the single most hyped term in the market today. BIGD has drawn the
attention of the IT and marketing research communities, with concrete results about
“BIGD solutions“ and significant resources being allocated for “BIGD projects”. The
objective of the hype cycle for BIGD is to help the decision makers to work with this
concept in order to develop future activities in the context of the fundamental change of
the cost-benefit equation terms. Optimizing the relationship between storage space and
retrieval time for data stored as BIGD is a major challenge for research in the field.

This paper shows techniques for data structuring in BIGD, techniques that optimize the
relationship between storage space and retrieval time under the aspect of total cost,
techniques based on Boolean algebra and atom files.

Keywords: Big Data, Hype Cycle, Volume, Velocity, Variety, and Veracity, Boolean
algebra, Atoms File

5 Proffessor, Ph.D., Romanian-American University, Bucharest, Romania, [Link]@[Link]

6 Teaching Assistant, Romanian-American University, Bucharest, Romania, Ph.D. Student, Academy of
Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania, [Link]@[Link]
POSSIBILITIES OF MODELING COMPETITIVENESS INDICES RELEVANCY

Cristina Coculescu7

ABSTRACT

Measurement of competitiveness is – even in a well-defined conceptual frame – more a

compromise between available data and the big number of different criteria and
objectives. Additionally, in the building of competitiveness indices, many technical
problems occur that have not always a unique not ambiguous solution, even theoretically.
For measurement information relevancy of competitiveness indices, in this work we
purpose an original econometric model relied on subtle sets. After a short qualitative and
quantitative study of information relevancy, it was showed that there is a synergy of
information relevancy of economic concepts and, therefore, this is applied also over the
concept of competitiveness. Basic idea of purposed model was that the variables
(determinants) of competitiveness indices could be the pieces of a subtle set. The program
realized for implementation of purposed model accompanied by a database having
necessary variables for competitiveness indices, showed that information relevancy is
useful in management decisions and can be a real working instrument.

Keywords: competitiveness, information relevancy, synergy, economic concepts.

ANTICIPATORY VERSUS TRADITIONAL GENETIC ALGORITHM

8
Irina Mocanu
Eugenia Kalisz9

ABSTRACT

This paper evaluates the performances of a new type of genetic algorithms - anticipatory
genetic algorithms (AGA) versus traditional genetic algorithms (GA). The performances
are evaluated based on two simple problems using different genetic operators. The
evaluation included in the paper shows that AGA is superior to traditional genetic
algorithm from both speed and accuracy points of view. Then we evaluate the two types of
genetic algorithms for solving the problem of image annotation, which will be used in
content based image retrieval systems. In this case the AGA performances are superior to
GA, too.

Keywords: genetic algorithm, anticipation, image annotation, performance

evaluation.

7
Associate Professor Ph.D., Romanian-American University, 1B Expozitiei Bd, Sector 1, Bucharest, E-mail:
cristina_coculescu@[Link]
8
Lecturer, Ph.D., University Politehnica of Bucharest, Computer Science and Engineering Dept., Splaiul
Independentei 313, sector 6, 060042, Bucharest, Romania, [Link]@[Link]
9
Proffessor, Ph.D., University Politehnica of Bucharest, Computer Science and Engineering Dept., Splaiul
Independentei 313, sector 6, 060042, Bucharest, Romania, [Link]@[Link]
 DECISION-MAKING FACTORS IN THE PROCESS OF MODELING ONLINE
BUSINESS

Cezar Mihãlcescu10
Beatrice Sion11
Alexandra Mãrginean12

ABSTRACT

Models are “abstract structures that help us understand the real world when the
situations we are in are too complicated, too dangerous or take up too much time or
money to be examined directly. Models simplify things, leaving aside unessential or minor
elements.” 13

In order to assign the term model to classes that are as precise as necessary, we need to
leave out all irrelevant information, in order to simplify it as much as possible.

Keywords: modeling, business, Internet, decision

E-LEARNING IN EUROPEAN HIGHER EDUCATION

Maria-Lavinia Popescu14

ABSTRACT

E-learning has been enrolled as one of the main subjects in the agenda of the European
and national institutions in the last years. This initiative tries to mobilize all the actors to
hasten the changes from the education and training systems so that the European Union
should advance towards a knowledge-based society. In this sense the present paper offers
moment “photography” of manner in which the students valuate the e-learning system in
two universities which belong to different cultures: Romania and France.

Keywords: e-learning, student, higher education, France, Romania

10
Professor , PhD, Department: Tourism Faculty
University: Romanian-American University of Bucharest, cezar_mihalcescu@[Link]
11
Teaching assistant, PhD. Candidate, Department: Tourism Faculty
University: Romanian-American University of Bucharest, beatrice_sion@[Link]
12
Teaching assistant, PhD. Candidate, Department: Tourism Faculty
University: Romanian-American University of Bucharest, alexandra.marginean05@[Link]
13
Onete, B., Modeling in the Science of Commodities – An Approach from the Consumer’s Perspective
(Modelarea în ºtiinþa mãrfurilor- O abordare din perspectiva consumatorulu), Bucharest, ASE Publishing
House, 2010, page. 55
14
Ph. D., Faculty of Economics Science and Business Administration, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca,
e-mail: marialavinia_popescu@[Link]
 THE CORRESPONDENCE ANALYSIS APPLIED ON THE AGRICULTURE
SECTOR OF EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES USING STATISTICAL
ANALYSIS SYSTEM

Ana-Maria Mihaela Iordache15

Mihai-Tiberiu Iordache16
Ionela-Cătălina Tudorache17

ABSTRACT

The main goal of analysis is represented by studying the simultaneous correspondences of

lines and columns of a contingency table in order to highlight the connections and the
correspondences between the sets of variables. There are two basic ways to achieve the
correspondence analysis. First is the analysis of relationships between the two variables
whose observation we find a contingency table and the second is the analysis of
relationships between a set of variables (types of responses of subjects) and another
group of qualitative variables with more ways to respond. In our analysis we use eight
variables from agriculture measured on European Union countries, then we applied
correspondence analysis on the data set and we showed how the countries group by the
quantities of information brought by each indicator.

Keywords: correspondence analysis, inertia, mass, cluster analysis

HUMAN INTERACTION WITH MOBILE APPLICATIONS

Alin Zamfiroiu18
Emanuel Herteliu19
Bogdan Vintila20

ABSTRACT

Computing - human interaction is a very important paradigm because informatics

applications are created to be used by people via human interaction. Nowadays mobile
applications are more used so is necessarily to talk about mobile - human interaction. In
this paper types of mobile devices are presented. Citizen oriented character of mobile
application and his utility are described. Different means of interactions with mobile
devices are analyzed and in the end of the paper direction of mobile applications
development and mobile gesture recognition are presented.

15
Assitant Lecturer, Phd, School of Computer Science for Business Management, Romanian-American
University, Bucharest
16
Engineer, IMSAT, Bucharest
17
Student, Romanian-American University, Bucharest
18
PhD Student, University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania, zamfiroiu@[Link]
19
, PhD Student, University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania, [Link]@[Link],
20
PhD, University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania, vintilabc@[Link]
Keywords – Mobile; Human Interaction; Citizen Oriented Applications;Gesture
Recognition

CYBERCRIME OFFENCES. TRENDS IN OF THE EVOLUTION, FORMS OF

MANIFESTATION AND INCRIMINATION OF THIS PHENOMENON

Gheorghe-Iulian Ioniță21
Ștefania-Diana Ioniță-Burda22

ABSTRACT

This study refers to the evolution and forms of manifestation of cybercrime offences, as
well as the efforts of the law giver and organisms of law enforcement to prevent and fight
this phenomenon.

Keywords: cybercrime offences, evolution, forms of manifestation, incrimination.

SOLUTIONS FOR OPTIMIZING THE RADIX SORT ALGORITHMIC

FUNCTION USING THE COMPUTE UNIFIED DEVICE ARCHITECTURE

Alexandru Pîrjan23
Dana-Mihaela Petroşanu24

ABSTRACT

In this paper, we have researched and developed solutions for optimizing the radix sort
algorithmic function using the Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA). The radix
sort is a common parallel primitive, an essential building block for many data processing
algorithms, whose optimization improves the performance of a wide class of parallel
algorithms useful in data processing. A particular interest in our research was to develop
solutions for optimizing the radix sort algorithmic function that offers optimal solutions
over an entire range of CUDA enabled GPUs: Tesla GT200, Fermi GF100 and the latest
Kepler GK104 architecture, released on March 2012. In order to confirm the utility of the
developed optimization solutions, we have extensively benchmarked and evaluated the
performance of the radix sort algorithmic function in CUDA.

Keywords: parallel processing, CUDA, GK104, threads, shared memory.

21
PhD., Lecturer of Criminal Law at the Romanian American University in Bucharest. E-mail:
[Link]@[Link]
22
PhD., Asistant Professor of Labor Law at the Romanian American University in Bucharest. E-
mail: [Link]@[Link]
23
Ph D Candidate, Faculty of Computer Science for Business Management, Romanian-American University,
1B, Expozitiei Blvd., district 1, code 012101, Bucharest, Romania, e-mail: alex@[Link]
24
PhD, Department of Mathematics-Informatics I, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313, Splaiul
Independentei, district 6, code 060042, Bucharest, Romania, e-mail: danap@[Link]
 NUMERICAL METHODS FOR SOLVING SDES CASE STUDY
25
Ovidiu Solomon

ABSTRACT

The Euler - Maruyama and Milstein methods are applied to approximate the solution of
linearly Langevin equation with multiplicative noise. The exact solution is obtained by
applying the Ito's lemma. It is worth mentioning that not always the discretization used to
find the solutions of SDEs (Stochastic Differential Equations) leads to a convenient
convergence when the discretization step tends to zero.

Keywords: stochastic differential equation, numerical methods, Langevin equation,

multiplicative noise

THE IMPACT OF THE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ON THE E.U

LINGUISTIC SECTOR

Mariana Coancă26

ABSTRACT

E.U is currently facing new challenges in the sense that linguists, translators,
terminologists cooperate tightly in order to achieve the major goal of the E.U concerning
the linguistic sector: the promotion of multilingualism by using the correct terminology.
In this paper I focused on the peculiarities of the linguistic sector, and on the dimension
of the linguistic industry. Moreover, I made a brief description of the translation process
(I outlined some aspects related to translation of labels) in the E.U and I presented a few
translation tools including TRADOS which is considered one of the most reliable
translation tools. Some companies offered their full support to improve the linguistic
sector, that is why the impact of the information technology is obvious because many
programs were created to ease the translators’ work

Keywords: European Union, linguistic sector, information technology, translation,

translators, labels

25
Assistant Teacher, Ph.D., Romanian-American University, Bucharest,
[Link]@[Link]
26 Lecturer, Ph.D., Romanian-American University, coancamaria@[Link]
 MAINTENANCE PROCESSES EVALUATION FOR DISTRIBUTED
APPLICATIONS

Gabriel Eugen Garais27

ABSTRACT

Maintenance processes are part of the life cycle of distributed applications, making it
necessary to ensure their easy assistance after deployment of the application currently in
use. On the basis of the recorded action is taken to assess the maintenance process and
maintenance process as a whole. Record number of maintenance processes in the
application management provides a basis for determining statistical study of the
distribution and consumption of resources on the types of maintenance categories.

Key words: maintenance; maintainability; life span of the maintenance processes;

distributed applications; collaborative systems; databases; GUI; html structures;
maintenance processes; maintenance metrics; evaluation of maintenance processes.

THE ADVANTAGES AND THE DISADVANTAGES OF E-LEARNING IN

EUROPEAN UNION

Ionela-Catalina Tudorache28
Ana-Maria Mihaela Iordache29
Mihai-Tiberiu Iordache30

ABSTRACT

By 2006, nearly 3.5 million students were participating in on-line learning at institutions
of higher education in United States. Many higher education and for-profit institutions,
now offer on-line classes. By contrast, only about half of private, non-profit schools offer
them. The Sloan report, based on a poll of academic leaders, says that students generally
appear to be at least as satisfied with their on-line classes as they are with traditional
ones. In the article we talk about the impact of the introduction of e-learning methods on
the education system in Romania, correlated with other programs already implemented at
European level.

Keywords: e-learning, classic learning, statistics for Romania

27
Lecturer PhD, Romanian-American University, Bucharest, [Link]@[Link]

28
Student, Romanian-American University, Bucharest
29
Assitant Lecturer, Phd, School of Computer Science for Business Management, Romanian-American
University, Bucharest
30
Engineer, IMSAT, Bucharest
 APPLYING PUZZLE ENCRYPTION IN THE ON-DEMAND ROUTING
PROTOCOLS IN MOBILE AD HOC NETWORKS (MANETS)

Ahmad Alomari31

ABSTRACT.

Recently, the use of Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) systems in our life has rapidly
increased. Nevertheless, we need for this efficiency and privacy routing protocols to
exchange the information between the nodes in this kind of networks. We propose a new
scheme to apply it on the On-Demand routing because it is one of the most popular and
usable in the MANETs. The main goal in our paper is to promote and improve the
authentication between the nodes in the MANETs by applying the puzzle encryption
before they start exchange the data packet between them. The new scheme is based on
combined use of cryptographic puzzles and weakly secret bit commitment (WSBC)
function. The scheme has to offer privacy protection of the confidential information stored
in the nodes, that is identifier ID and encryption puzzle. The identifier allows the
unequivocal identification of the nodes on the mobile networks. The anonymity of
messages is crucial to avoid traceability and replay attacks and denial services. The
puzzles function use one way encryption functions whereas the keys must be enough to
avoid a brute force attack. We use also the bit commitment function with puzzle
encryption in our scheme to commit a value without revealing that value. This scheme will
offer moderate protection concerning privacy and traceability when a node communicates
with each other in the Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs).

Keywords: MANET, AODV, RSA, puzzle function, WSBC.

ELECTRONIC ONLINE ADVERTISING – THE “ECONOMIC CRISIS” IS JUST

THE PRETEXT OF THE FALL

Alexandru Tăbușcă32

ABSTRACT

The paper aims to present the actual online advertising environment during the world
economic crisis, focused on some similarities with the spam concept used for the
unwanted email messages. The vast majority of today online advertisements, as well as
most TV advertisements too, are completely disregarded and even seen as intrusive and

31
Ph.D. Student, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bucharest, Bucharest,
Romania, [Link]@[Link]
32
Lecturer, PhD, School of Computer Science for Business Management – Romanian-American University;
e-mail: alextabusca@[Link]
offensive by many people. Even though the trend has increased towards online advertising
instead of classic TV and radio ads, the online environment is now facing the same
decline in meaningfulness as any other media driven advertising.

Keywords: advertisements, online ads, spam, internet, crisis, algorithms, consumer,

trends

THE IMAGE BINARIZATION PROBLEM REVISITED: PERSPECTIVES AND

APPROACHES

Costin-Anton Boiangiu33
Ion Bucur34
Andrei Tigora35

ABSTRACT

Image document analysis is a complex process that involves several steps of processing.
However, due to their sensitivity to errors, most of these are not applied on the original
image; instead, they use a simplified black and white version of the original image, which
offers a clear separation between foreground and background. Unfortunately, achieving
the optimal separation is difficult to achieve, as no proposed algorithm has managed to
offer a solution that is adequate for any type of input. This paper aims to present some of
the more recent approaches in the field and compare their results with some of the classic
algorithms.

Keywords: Binarization, Local Thresholding, Global Thresholding, Variable

Window, Niblack, Otsu

33
Associate Professor PhD., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Faculty of Automatic
Control and Computers Science, University “Politehnica” of Bucharest, Splaiul Independenţei 313, Bucharest,
060042, Romania, [Link]@[Link]
34
Associate Professor PhD., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Faculty of Automatic
Control and Computers Science, University “Politehnica” of Bucharest, Splaiul Independenţei 313, Bucharest,
060042, Romania, [Link]@[Link]
35
Engineer, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Faculty of Automatic Control and
Computers Science, University “Politehnica” of Bucharest, Splaiul Independenţei 313, Bucharest, 060042,
Romania, [Link]@[Link]
 BUILDING NON-OVERLAPPING POLYGONS FOR IMAGE DOCUMENT
LAYOUT ANALYSIS RESULTS

Costin-Anton Boiangiu36
Mihai Zaharescu37
Ion Bucur38

ABSTRACT

Existing Computational Geometry algorithms aren't able to create a tight-fitting contour

around document elements. Some of them don't follow the data points close enough,
generating overlapping elements, while others, trying to keep close to the contour, break
one element into pieces, falling between white spaces. The presented method both follows
the contour closely and generates a single shape for a single element. The generation of
the shape can be stopped at any time, either when there are no more intersections
between layout elements or after a certain time elapsed, the result being valid at any
given moment. In association with other algorithms it can offer a fast and clean solution
for the problem of finding the non-overlapping areas resulted from the Layout Analysis
document processing phase.

Keywords: layout analysis, alpha shape, bounding volumes, contour retrieval,

automatic content conversion, scanned images

36 Associate Professor PhD, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Faculty of Automatic
Control and Computers Science, University “Politehnica” of Bucharest, Splaiul Independenţei 313, Bucharest,
060042, Romania, [Link]@[Link]
37 Engineer, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Faculty of Automatic Control and
Computers Science, University “Politehnica” of Bucharest, Splaiul Independenţei 313, Bucharest, 060042,
Romania, [Link]@[Link]
38 Associate Professor PhD, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Faculty of Automatic
Control and Computers Science, University “Politehnica” of Bucharest, Splaiul Independenţei 313, Bucharest,
060042, Romania, [Link]@[Link]
 JOURNAL
of
Informatin Systems &
Opeartions Management

ISSN : 1843-4711
---
Romanian American University
No. 1B, Expozitiei Avenue
Bucharest, Sector 1, ROMANIA
[Link]
office@[Link]