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Response Spectrum Analysis in Earthquake Engineering

The document discusses response spectrum analysis (RSA) which is used to analyze the maximum response of structures with different natural frequencies and damping ratios when subjected to earthquake ground motions. RSA involves calculating the response of single-degree-of-freedom oscillators with varying natural periods and plotting the maximum responses as a function of period to obtain a response spectrum. The response spectrum shows the peak responses including displacement, velocity and acceleration that structures must be designed to withstand from seismic loads.

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Muhammad Affan
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29 views25 pages

Response Spectrum Analysis in Earthquake Engineering

The document discusses response spectrum analysis (RSA) which is used to analyze the maximum response of structures with different natural frequencies and damping ratios when subjected to earthquake ground motions. RSA involves calculating the response of single-degree-of-freedom oscillators with varying natural periods and plotting the maximum responses as a function of period to obtain a response spectrum. The response spectrum shows the peak responses including displacement, velocity and acceleration that structures must be designed to withstand from seismic loads.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Affan
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Response Spectrum Analysis (RSA)

Concept of Response Spectrum

T1 T2 T3
T T T

• When idealized as Single Degree of Freedom (SDOF), the above


structures may be of different types but their dynamic
characteristics are defined by their time period (T) and
damping ( ζ ).
• If T1 = T2 = T3 = T , and ζ is also equal for above structures, then
their dynamic properties will be identical.
Concept of Response Spectrum
m1 m2 m3

k1 k2 k3

T1 T2 T3

• In such a case (T1 = T2 = T3), for a given component of earthquake


ground motion, maximum response is same for all the oscillators.
• Maximum response of linear single degree of freedom system to
any given component of earthquake motion depends only on the
natural frequency and damping.
Video of three oscillators
Concept of Response Spectrum

• Extremely useful concept in earthquake engineering


research and in applying the seismological knowledge of
strong earthquake to the design of structures
Use of Response Spectrum
• For engineering purposes, we are not especially
concerned with the time variation of the response
parameters

• Rather, it is their extreme value that convey the


crucial information

• They are related to the maximum forces, maximum


displacement and maximum deformation that
structures must be able to endure
Construction of Response Spectrum
T7
T6
T5
T4
T3
T2
T1
Construction of Response Spectrum
Response spectrum is a plot of
maximum response of linear single
degree of freedom system oscillators
as a function of natural period for a
given damping.

Response can be any of the


following:

1. Displacement

2. Velocity

3. Acceleration
El Centro 1940

• If we calculate the maximum


response for a range of values
of frequency and damping and
portray the results graphically,
we then have a spectrum chart
that shows the maximum
response of all possible single
degree of freedom systems to
that component of
earthquake.
RS is developed for an area and for
any structure in the area can be
analyzed for seismic design
Response may be defined as
displacement, velocity or
acceleration

Also, all the three responses


can be shown in one plot
called Tripartite plot
Tripartite Plot of RS
Example 6.2
A 12-ft-long vertical cantilever, a 4-in.-nominal-diameter standard steel pipe,
supports a 5200-lb weight attached at the tip as shown in Fig. E6.2. The properties
of the pipe are: outside diameter, do = 4.500 in., inside diameter di = 4.026 in.,
thickness t = 0.237 in., and second moment of cross-sectional area, I = 7.23 in4,
elastic modulus E = 29,000 ksi, and weight = 10.79 lb/foot length. Determine the
peak deformation and bending stress in the cantilever due to the El Centro ground
motion. Assume that ζ = 2%.
Re-calculations in Excel with do = 5” and t = 0.25”, giving T=1.31 sec
D = 4” A = 0.23

T = 1.31
Acceleration Response Spectrum
Design Response Spectra

• Design Spectrum is a design specification


o Accounts for issues that have bearing on
seismic safety
 Over-strength, Redundancy, Ductility

• Design Spectrum must be accompanied by


o Load factors and permissible stresses
o Damping to be used in design
o Method of calculating T
o Type of detailing for ductility
Design Acceleration Response Spectrum
(Building Code of Pakistan)

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