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Principles of Effective Communication

The document discusses the principles of effective communication and communication ethics. It explains that effective communication requires listening, responding and understanding. It also provides guidelines for ethical communication such as being respectful of audiences and respecting truth. The document emphasizes that practicing ethics in communication is important.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
23 views4 pages

Principles of Effective Communication

The document discusses the principles of effective communication and communication ethics. It explains that effective communication requires listening, responding and understanding. It also provides guidelines for ethical communication such as being respectful of audiences and respecting truth. The document emphasizes that practicing ethics in communication is important.

Uploaded by

jromarnavarrete
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

CHAPTER

EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
1
lesson 2

Introduction

People use words and languages every day to interact whether at home or
workplace. The question is have they communicated their messages effectively? In order
to be effective in communication, there are three parts to be considered: listening,
responding and understanding. Listening entails accepting of words and ideas. This is
also taking nonverbal cues such as facial expression and body language. On the other
hand, Responding is evaluating the worth of message. It requires a psychological
processing which leads to Understanding -giving meaning to the words or expressions
uttered.

Besides knowing the fundamental truths of effective communication,


communication also requires ethics not only to be practiced by individuals but also in
businesses, and professional entities. It talks about moral good present in any form of
human communication. In this lesson, Principles of Effective of Communication and
Communication Ethics will be discussed thoroughly.

Learning Outcomes

At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:

a. explain the principles of effective communication;

b. define the guidelines in ethical communication; and

c. formulate judgment on what is good, right or virtuous in communication.

Learning Contents

1. BASIC PRINCIPLES OF EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION

Many definitions describe communication as a transfer of information, thoughts or


ideas to create shared understanding between a sender and a receiver. The information
may be written or spoken, professional or social, personal or impersonal to name a few
possibilities. Basically, the communication process involves a sender, receiver, message,
channel and feedback. However, this simplistic description significantly under-represents
what can actually be a very complex process.

Michael Osborn (2009) claims that communication must meet certain standards for
effective communication to take place.

a. Clarity: Clarity makes speeches understandable. Fuzzy language is absolutely


forbidden, as are jargons, cliché expressions, euphemisms, and double speak language.
b. Concreteness: Concreteness reduces misunderstandings. Messages must be
supported by facts such as research data, statistics or figures. To achieve concreteness
abstract words must be avoided

c. Courtesy: Courtesy builds goodwill. It involves being polite in terms of approach and
manner of addressing an individual.

d. Correctness: Glaring mistakes in grammar obscures the meaning of the sentence.


Also, the misuse of language can damage your credibility

e. Consideration: Messages must be geared towards the audience. The sender of the
message must consider the recipient’s profession, level of education, race, ethnicity,
hobbies, interests, passions, advocacies, and age when drafting or delivering a message.

f. Creativity: Creativity in communication means having the ability to craft interesting


messages in terms of sentence structure and word choice.

g. Conciseness: Simplicity and directness help you to be concise. Avoid using lengthy
expressions and words that may confuse the recipient.

h. Cultural Sensitivity: Today, with the increasing emphasis on empowering diverse


cultures, lifestyles, and races and the pursuit for gender equality, cultural sensitivity
becomes an important standard for effective communication.

i. Captivating: You must strive to make messages interesting to command more attention
and better responses.

2. COMMUNICATION ETHICS

Ethics is the discussion of the judgments we make about the appropriateness,


the right or wrong, of our actions and policies be those actions communicative, political,
social, personal, or a mixture of areas (Johnessen, 1990). There are largely unrehearsed
conversations however when an individual or organization communicates. There are
factors to be considered such as audience, context and purpose. How we communicate
depends on who we are talking, what we are discussing and where & when the talk is
taking place? Here, Ethics plays a crucial role in communication. In real world, mindful or
ethical use language must be practiced.

 Here are the guidelines for ethical communication which should shape communication
practice:

a. Ethical Communicators are Respectful of Their Audiences

b. Ethical Communicators Consider the Consequences of Their Communication.

c. Ethical Communicators Respect Truth.

d. Ethical Communicators Use Information Properly.


e. Ethical Communicators Do Not Falsify Information.

f. Ethical Communicators Respect the Rights of Others to Information.

3. ETHICS OF EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION

Ethical communication is fundamental to responsible thinking, decision making,


and the development of relationships and communities within and across contexts,
cultures, channels, and media. Moreover, ethical communication enhances human worth
and dignity by fostering truthfulness, fairness, responsibility, personal integrity, and
respect for self and others.

POINTS TO PONDER

Ethics is the discipline that examines one’s moral standards of a society.


Communication is the process of exchanging ideas, opinions, and information
between two or more interlocutors.

The members of the National Communication Association in America, endorsed


and are committed to practicing the following principles of ethical communication that are
especially relevant for students today:

They advocate truthfulness, accuracy, honesty, and reason as essential to the integrity of
communication.

They endorse freedom of expression, diversity of perspective, and tolerance of


dissent to achieve the informed and responsible decision making fundamental to a civil
society.

They strive to understand and respect other communicators before evaluating and
responding to their messages.

They promote access to communication resources and opportunities as necessary


to fulfil human potential and contribute to the well-being of families, communities, and
society.

They promote communication climates of caring and mutual understanding that


respect the unique needs and characteristics of individual communicators.

They condemn communication that degrades individuals and humanity through


distortion, intimidation, coercion, and violence, and through the expression of intolerance
and hatred.

They are committed to the courageous expression of personal convictions in


pursuit of fairness and justice.
They advocate sharing information, opinions, and feelings when facing significant
choices while also respecting privacy and confidentiality.

They accept responsibility for the short- and long-term consequences for our own
communication and expect the same of others.

Source: [Link]

POINTS TO PONDER
Practicing ethics in communication is anticipating and weighing the effects of one’s message
on an audience.
Ethical use of language is also a must when preparing for such deliberate form of
communication.

Common questions

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Cultural sensitivity is pivotal in effective communication as it fosters inclusivity and understanding across diverse and globalized contexts. It involves acknowledging and respecting cultural differences, lifestyles, and genders, which become increasingly significant in today's interconnected world . By incorporating cultural sensitivity, communicators ensure that their messages resonate and are respectful of varied backgrounds, reducing the risk of miscommunication and offending the audience . This approach promotes empowerment and equality, creating a communication atmosphere that values each individual's unique contributions and perspectives . Cultural sensitivity also addresses the need for communicators to adapt messages considering cultural nuances and expectations, thereby enhancing engagement and receptivity .

Cultural sensitivity contributes to gender equality and empowerment in communication by acknowledging and respecting the diverse experiences and perspectives of different genders . It promotes using language and approaches that do not reinforce stereotypes or discrimination, thus fostering an inclusive atmosphere that values everyone equally . By being culturally sensitive, communicators ensure that their messages do not inadvertently marginalize or disempower individuals based on gender, but rather empower them by recognizing their unique contributions and rights . This approach broadens the dialogue on gender issues, supporting societal moves toward equality and the development of empowering narratives that reflect true diversity and inclusive representation .

Three key guidelines for ethical communication include: 1) Respecting the audience by considering their rights, needs, and perspectives . This ensures that communicators engage thoughtfully, avoiding language or messages that could be harmful or disrespectful. 2) Considering the consequences of communication . Ethical communicators anticipate the potential impacts of their messages on their audience and society, guiding them to express ideas that contribute positively. 3) Respect for truth and abstention from falsification . Ethical communicators are committed to truthfulness and transparency, which builds trust and credibility. Collectively, these guidelines foster an ethical exchange by ensuring that communicators maintain integrity and accountability, thereby supporting healthy and constructive dialogues .

Ethics plays a critical role in the decision-making process of communication by guiding communicators to consider the moral implications of their actions and messages. It mandates respect for truth and the proper use of information, preventing falsehoods and manipulation . Ethics influences communicators to weigh the consequences of their messages on the audience and society, fostering responsible and mindful communication . This consideration helps in anticipating the short- and long-term impacts, thereby enhancing the communicator's integrity and credibility . By prioritizing ethical standards, communicators enhance human dignity, promote fairness, and respect diverse perspectives, which contributes to the formation of a more just and informed society . Ethics thus ensures that communication not only conveys information but also adheres to moral standards beneficial to societal cohesion and respect.

Respecting others' rights to information is critical for ethical communicators because it underscores the importance of transparency and informed decision-making, fundamental to democracy and societal development . This principle facilitates inclusivity by ensuring that everyone has equal access to information necessary for participation in decision-making processes, which fosters involvement and equality . It advocates for breaking down barriers that restrict information flow, thus empowering individuals and communities to engage actively and effectively in societal discourse. By upholding this right, ethical communicators contribute to a more informed, just, and inclusive society where each member's voice can be heard and considered .

Communication ethics are essential in media and organizational settings as they guide responsible decision-making by fostering truthfulness, accountability, and respect for the audience . In media, ethics inspire truthful reporting and unbiased representation, facilitating an informed public . In organizations, ethical communication ensures that decisions consider all stakeholders' needs and rights, enhancing collaboration and trust . Ethical guidelines help media and organizational leaders assess the social and moral implications of their communication strategies, promoting transparency and integrity . This disciplined approach in both settings helps avoid conflicts of interest, misinformation, and reputational damage while contributing to a well-functioning, ethical society .

Ethical communication strengthens relationships and communities by fostering truthfulness, fairness, responsibility, integrity, and respect for self and others . It enhances human worth and dignity, as ethical communicators respect truth, use information properly, and do not falsify it . Key guiding principles include respect for audience, consideration of consequences, and commitment to truthfulness and accuracy . Ethical communication also promotes access to communication resources and opportunities vital for human potential and societal well-being . Moreover, it acknowledges cultural diversity and supports respectful interaction across different perspectives, thereby nurturing a civil society . By anticipating and weighing the effects of messages, ethical communication helps prevent harm and supports constructive and inclusive community building .

Communicators can exercise creativity in their messages by artfully crafting content that captures attention while maintaining clear, ethical communication. Creativity in terms of interesting sentence structures and word choices can enhance engagement and facilitate memorable messaging . However, clarity should not be sacrificed; creative elements must serve to enhance comprehension rather than obscure it . To maintain ethical standards, communicators should ensure that creative expressions do not distort truth or mislead the audience . Transparency and honesty should guide creative efforts, ensuring that they complement rather than compromise the ethical foundation of the message . By balancing creativity with clarity and ethics, communicators can achieve both effective and responsible messaging.

Effective communication is based on several key principles, each contributing uniquely to the process. Clarity ensures that speeches are understandable and prevents misinterpretation by avoiding fuzzy language, jargon, and euphemisms . Concreteness reduces misunderstandings by supporting messages with facts, data, and concrete information . Courtesy builds goodwill by being polite and respectful . Correctness eliminates grammatical errors that could obscure meaning and damage credibility . Consideration requires tailoring messages to the audience's background and needs . Creativity involves crafting engaging messages, while conciseness emphasizes simplicity and directness . Cultural sensitivity respects diverse backgrounds and gender equality, making communication more inclusive . Captivating communication engages the audience, enhancing attention and response . Each principle facilitates a deeper understanding and minimizes barriers between communicators.

Lack of courtesy in communication can lead to damaged relationships and diminished goodwill as recipients may perceive disrespect or insensitivity, fostering defensiveness and conflict . This undermines the communication climate, reducing the likelihood of message acceptance and cooperation. On the other hand, failing to apply correctness, such as grammatical accuracy and proper language use, can obscure the intended message, leading to misunderstandings and confusion. It also undermines the communicator's credibility and professionalism, potentially damaging reputations and reducing trust from the audience . Together, omissions in courtesy and correctness can result in ineffective communication with negative social and professional repercussions.

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