V|sua| as|c (V) |s lre lr|rd-gereral|or everl-dr|ver prograrr|rg |arguage ard |rlegraled deve|oprerl
erv|rorrerl (l0E) lror V|crosoll lor |ls C0V prograrr|rg rode|. v|sua| 8as|c |s re|al|ve|y easy lo |earr ard
use.
[1|[2|
v|sua| 8as|c Was der|ved lror 8A3lC ard erao|es lre rap|d app||cal|or deve|oprerl (RA0) ol grapr|ca| user
|rlerlace (0ul) app||cal|ors, access lo dalaoases us|rg 0ala Access 0ojecls, Rerole 0ala 0ojecls, or Acl|veX 0ala
0ojecls, ard creal|or ol Acl|veX corlro|s ard oojecls. 3cr|pl|rg |arguages sucr as v8A ard v83cr|pl are
syrlacl|ca||y s|r||ar lo v|sua| 8as|c, oul perlorr d|llererl|y.
[3|
O v|sua| 8as|c .0 (V|d 1998) |rproved |r a ruroer ol areas |rc|ud|rg lre ao|||ly lo creale Weo-oased
app||cal|ors. v8 ras erlered V|crosoll's ror-supporled prase as ol Varcr 2008. A|lrougr lre v|sua|
8as|c .0 deve|oprerl erv|rorrerl |s ro |orger supporled, lre rurl|re |s supporled or w|rdoWs v|sla,
w|rdoWs 3erver 2008 ard w|rdoWs Z.
O Veru 8ar
O %oo| 8ar
O !rojecl Exp|orer
O !roperl|es W|rdoW
O orr Layoul w|rdoW
O %oo|oox
O orr 0es|grer
O 0ojecl 8roWser
O 03u ar
O %r|s Veru 8ar d|sp|ays lre corrards lral are requ|red lo ou||d ar app||cal|or. %re ra|r reru |lers rave
suo reru |lers lral car oe croser Wrer reeded. %re loo|oars |r lre reru oar prov|de qu|c| access lo lre
corror|y used corrards ard a oullor |r lre loo|oar |s c||c|ed orce lo carry oul lre acl|or represerled oy
|l.
O %44|b4
O %re %oo|oox corla|rs a sel ol corlro|s lral are used lo p|ace or a orr al des|gr l|re lrereoy creal|rg lre
user |rlerlace area. Add|l|ora| corlro|s car oe |rc|uded |r lre loo|oox oy us|rg lre Corporerls reru |ler
or lre !rojecl reru. A %oo|oox |s represerled |r l|gure 2 sroWr oe|oW.
O !r40ct E5|4r0r
O 0oc|ed or lre r|grl s|de ol lre screer, jusl urder lre lo||oar, |s lre !rojecl Exp|orer W|rdoW. %re !rojecl
Exp|orer as sroWr |r |r l|gure servres as a qu|c| relererce lo lre var|ous e|ererls ol a projecl rare|y 1472,
.,8808 ard 24/:08. A|| ol lre oojecl lral ra|e up lre app||cal|or are pac|ed |r a projecl. A s|rp|e projecl
W||| lyp|ca||y corla|r ore lorr, Wr|cr |s a W|rdoW lral |s des|gred as parl ol a prograr's |rlerlace. ll |s
poss|o|e lo deve|op ary ruroer ol lorrs lor use |r a prograr, a|lrougr a prograr ray cors|sl ol a s|rg|e
lorr. lr add|l|or lo lorrs, lre !rojecl Exp|orer W|rdoW a|so ||sls code rodu|es ard c|asses.
O b0ct r4s0r
O %re 0ojecl 8roWser a||oWs us lo oroWse lrrougr lre var|ous properl|es, everls ard relrods lral are rade
ava||ao|e lo us. ll |s accessed oy se|ecl|rg 0ojecl 8roWser lror lre v|eW reru or press|rg lre |ey 2. %re
|ell co|urr ol lre 0ojecl 8roWser ||sls lre oojecls ard c|asses lral are ava||ao|e |r lre projecls lral are
opered ard lre corlro|s lral rave oeer relererced |r lrer. ll |s poss|o|e lor us lo scro|| lrrougr lre ||sl ard
se|ecl lre oojecl or c|ass lral We W|sr lo |rspecl. Aller ar oojecl |s p|c|ed up lror lre C|asses ||sl, We car
see |ls reroers (properl|es, relrods ard everls) |r lre r|grl co|urr.
O !r450rt|0s w|3/4
O %re !roperl|es w|rdoW |s doc|ed urder lre !rojecl Exp|orer W|rdoW. %re !roperl|es w|rdoW exposes lre
var|ous craracler|sl|cs ol se|ecled oojecls. Eacr ard every lorr |r ar app||cal|or |s cors|dered ar oojecl.
oW, eacr oojecl |r v|sua| 8as|c ras craracler|sl|cs sucr as co|or ard s|ze. 0lrer craracler|sl|cs allecl rol
jusl lre appeararce ol lre oojecl oul lre Way |l oeraves loo. A|| lrese craracler|sl|cs ol ar oojecl are ca||ed
|ls properl|es. %rus, a lorr ras properl|es ard ary corlro|s p|aced or |l W||| rave propel|es loo. A|| ol lrese
properl|es are d|sp|ayed |r lre !roperl|es w|rdoW.
422a3/ utt43s
Vosl lorrs |rc|ude corrard oullors lo |el lre user accepl lre lorr dala (ar 0K oullor), carce| lre lorr (a Carce|
oullor), or carry oul sore olrer corrard al a c||c| ol lre rouse.
Lab0|s
You use |aoe|s lo add lexl lo lre lorr. %o creale |aoe|s, use lre Laoe| oullor |r lre %oo|oox lo draW lre |aoe| oojecl,
ard lrer ed|l lre Capl|or properly. A|lrougr |aoe|s are rosl|y used lo d|sp|ay lexl, you car a|so use lrer lo rare
corlro|s lral dor'l rave lre|r oWr capl|ors- sucr as lexl ooxes, ||sl ooxes, scro|| oars, ard sp|rrers.
%0t 40s
%exl ooxes are versal||e corlro|s lral |el lre user erler lexl, ruroers, ard, |r Exce|, ce|| relererces ard lorru|as. %o
creale a lexl oox, use lre %exl8ox oullor |r lre %oo|oox. lere are a leW uselu| properl|es ol lre %exl8ox oojecl:
Fra20s
You use lrares lo creale groups ol lWo or rore corlro|s.
%o creale a lrare, c||c| lre rare oullor |r lre %oo|oox ard lrer c||c| ard drag a oox |rs|de lre lorr. ole lral you
use lre rare oojecl's Capl|or properly lo crarge lre capl|or lral appears al lre lop ol lre oox.
5t|43 utt43s
0pl|or oullors are corlro|s lral usua||y appear |r groups ol lWo or rore; lre user car se|ecl or|y ore ol lre opl|ors.
%o creale ar opl|or oullor, use lre 0pl|or8ullor loo|. You car delerr|re Wrelrer ar opl|or oullor slarls oll
acl|valed or deacl|valed oy sell|rg lre va|ue properly: ll |l's %rue, lre opl|or |s acl|valed; |l |l's a|se, lre opl|or |s
deacl|valed.
0ck 40s
Crec| ooxes |el you |rc|ude opl|ors lral lre user car logg|e or or oll. %o creale a crec| oox, c||c| lre Crec|8ox
oullor |r lre %oo|oox.
%4|0 utt43s
A logg|e oullor |s a cross oelWeer a crec| oox ard a corrard oullor: C||c| |l orce, ard lre oullor slays pressed;
c||c| |l aga|r, ard lre oullor relurrs lo lre urpressed slale. You creale logg|e oullors oy us|rg lre %ogg|e8ullor loo|
|r lre %oo|oox.
L|st 40s
v8A ollers lWo d|llererl ||sl oojecls you car use lo preserl lre user W|lr a ||sl ol cro|ces: a L|sl8ox ard a Coroo8ox.
%0 L|st4 b0ct
%re L|sl8ox oojecl |s a s|rp|e ||sl ol |lers lror Wr|cr lre user se|ecls ar |ler or |lers. use lre L|sl8ox oullor lo
creale a ||sl oox. lere are sore L|sl8ox oojecl properl|es lo role:
O Co|urrCourl-%re ruroer ol co|urrs |r lre ||sl oox.
O Co|urrleads-ll lr|s properly |s %rue, lre ||sl co|urrs are d|sp|ayed W|lr read|rgs.
O Vu|l|3e|ecl-3el lr|s properly lo lrVu|l|3e|ecl3|rg|e lo erao|e lre user lo se|ecl or|y ore |ler |r lre ||sl; |l
you sel lr|s properly lo lrVu|l|3e|eclVu|l|, lre user ray se|ecl ru|l|p|e |lers |r lre ||sl oy c||c||rg lre |lers;
|l you sel lr|s properly lo lrVu|l|3e|eclExlerded, lre user ray se|ecl ru|l|p|e |lers |r lre ||sl oy ro|d|rg
doWr Clr| ard c||c||rg lre |lers. (or lre ru|l|p|e se|ecl|or opl|ors, role lral c||c||rg or Clr|c||c||rg are
logg|es lral se|ecl ard dese|ecl |lers.)
O RoW3ource-0elerr|res lre |lers lral appear |r lre ||sl. lr Exce|, erler a rarge or a rarge rare.
O %exl-3els or relurrs lre se|ecled |ler. or exarp|e, |l lre ||sl oox corla|rs a ||sl ol rorlrs ard you Warl
Augusl lo oe se|ecled al slarlup, lrer you'd |rc|ude lre lo||oW|rg code |r lre lorr's lr|l|a||ze everl:
%0 42b44 b0ct
%re Coroo8ox oojecl |s a corlro| lral coro|res a lexl oox W|lr a ||sl oox. %re user e|lrer erlers ar |ler |r lre lexl
oox or c||c|s lre drop-doWr arroW lo d|sp|ay lre ||sl oox ard lrer se|ecls ar |ler lror lre ||sl. use lre Coroo8ox
oullor lo creale lr|s corlro|.
L|st 4 %0c3|qu0s
loW do you spec|ly lre corlerls ol a ||sl |l lre RoW3ource properly |sr'l app||cao|e (lral |s, |l you're rol Wor||rg |r
Exce| or |l lre dala you Warl |r lre ||sl |sr'l parl ol ar Exce| rarge)? lr lr|s case, you rusl ou||d lre ||sl al rurl|re.
You car use lre Addller relrod, descr|oed |aler |r lr|s secl|or, or you car sel lre L|sl properly. or lre |aller, you
rusl spec|ly ar array ol va|ues. or exarp|e, lre lo||oW|rg slalererls use a lorr's lr|l|a||ze everl lo popu|ale a ||sl
oox W|lr lre days ol lre Wee|:
8cr4||bars
3cro||oars are rorra||y used lo rav|gale W|rdoWs, oul oy lrerse|ves you car use lrer lo erler va|ues oelWeer a
predel|red rax|rur ard r|r|rur. use lre 3cro||8ar oullor lo creale e|lrer a verl|ca| or ror|zorla| scro||oar. lere's
a rurdoWr ol lre 3cro||8ar oojecl properl|es you'|| use rosl oller |r your v8A code:
85|3 utt43s
A sp|r oullor |s s|r||ar lo a scro||oar |r lral lre user car c||c| lre oullor's arroWs lo |rcrererl or decrererl a va|ue.
%o creale a sp|r oullor, use lre 3p|r8ullor loo| |r lre %oo|oox. %re properl|es lor a 3p|r8ullor oojecl are lre sare
as lrose lor a 3cro||8ar (excepl lral lrere |s ro LargeCrarge properly).
%ab 8tr|5s a3/ u|t|!a0 43tr4|s
You car use lrares lo group re|aled corlro|s v|sua||y ard re|p lre user ra|e serse ol lre lorr. loWever, lrere are
lWo s|lual|ors |r Wr|cr a lrare la||s doWr or lre joo.
%0 %ab8tr|5 43tr4|
%re %ao3lr|p |s ar |dea| Way lo g|ve lre user ar |rlu|l|ve relrod ol d|sp|ay|rg ru|l|p|e sels ol dala. %re oas|c |dea
oer|rd lre %ao3lr|p corlro| |s lral as lre user rav|gales lror lao lo lao, lre v|s|o|e corlro|s rera|r lre sare, ard
or|y lre dala d|sp|ayed |rs|de eacr corlro| crarges. %re advarlage rere |s lral you reed lo creale or|y a s|rg|e sel
ol corlro|s or lre lorr, ard you use code lo adjusl lre corlerls ol lrese corlro|s.
%0 u|t|!a0 43tr4|
%re Vu|l|!age corlro| |s s|r||ar lo a %ao3lr|p |r lral |l d|sp|ays a ser|es ol laos a|org lre lop ol lre lorr. %re rajor
d|llererce, roWever, |s lral eacr lao represerls a separale lorr (ca||ed a page). %rerelore, you use a Vu|l|!age
corlro| Wrerever you Warl lo d|sp|ay a d|llererl sel ol corlro|s eacr l|re lre user c||c|s a lao.