7-1 Ratio and Proportion
Section 7.1
Ratio and Proportion
Holt Geometry
7-1 Ratio and Proportion
Objectives
Write and simplify ratios.
Use proportions to solve problems.
Holt Geometry
7-1 Ratio and Proportion
A ______ compares two numbers by division. The ratio
of two numbers a and b can be written as a to b, a:b,
or , where b ≠ 0. For example, the ratios 1 to 2,
1:2, and all represent the same comparison.
Remember!
In a ratio, the denominator of the fraction cannot be
zero because division by zero is _______________.
Holt Geometry
7-1 Ratio and Proportion
Example 1: Writing Ratios
Write a ratio expressing the slope of l.
Substitute the
given values.
Simplify.
Holt Geometry
7-1 Ratio and Proportion
Check It Out! Example 1
Given that two points on m are C(–2, 3) and
D(6, 5), write a ratio expressing the slope of m.
Substitute the
given values.
Simplify.
Holt Geometry
7-1 Ratio and Proportion
A ratio can involve more than two numbers. For
the rectangle, the ratio of the side lengths may
be written as 3:7:3:7.
Holt Geometry
7-1 Ratio and Proportion
Example 2: Using Ratios
The ratio of the side lengths of a triangle is
4:7:5, and its perimeter is 96 cm. What is the
length of the shortest side?
Holt Geometry
7-1 Ratio and Proportion
A __________ is an equation stating that two ratios
are equal. In the proportion , the values
a and d are the _____________. The values b and c
are the _________. When the proportion is written as
a:b = c:d, the extremes are in the first and last
positions. The means are in the two middle positions.
Holt Geometry
7-1 Ratio and Proportion
In Algebra 1 you learned the Cross Products
Property. The product of the extremes ad and the
product of the means bc are called the _________
_______________.
Reading Math
The Cross Products Property can also be stated
as, “In a proportion, the product of the extremes
is equal to the product of the means.”
Holt Geometry
7-1 Ratio and Proportion
Example 3A: Solving Proportions
Solve the proportion.
Cross Products Property
Simplify.
Divide both sides by 56.
Holt Geometry
7-1 Ratio and Proportion
Example 3B: Solving Proportions
Solve the proportion.
Cross Products Property
Simplify.
Find the square root of both sides.
Rewrite as two eqns.
Add 4 to both sides.
Holt Geometry
7-1 Ratio and Proportion
Check It Out! Example 3a
Solve the proportion.
Holt Geometry
7-1 Ratio and Proportion
Check It Out! Example 3b
Solve the proportion.
Holt Geometry
7-1 Ratio and Proportion
Check It Out! Example 3c
Solve the proportion.
Holt Geometry
7-1 Ratio and Proportion
Check It Out! Example 3d
Solve the proportion.
Cross Products Property
Simplify.
Find the square root of both sides.
Rewrite as two eqns.
Subtract 3 from both sides.
Holt Geometry
7-1 Ratio and Proportion
The following table shows equivalent forms of the
Cross Products Property.
Holt Geometry
7-2 Ratios in Similar Polygons
Section 7.2
Ratios in Similar Polygons
Holt Geometry
7-2 Ratios in Similar Polygons
Objectives
Identify similar polygons.
Apply properties of similar polygons to
solve problems.
Holt Geometry
7-2 Ratios in Similar Polygons
Figures that are _______ (~) have the same shape
but not necessarily the same size.
Holt Geometry
7-2 Ratios in Similar Polygons
Holt Geometry
7-2 Ratios in Similar Polygons
Writing Math
Writing a similarity statement is like writing a
congruence statement—be sure to list
corresponding vertices in the same order.
Holt Geometry
7-2 Ratios in Similar Polygons
Example 1: Describing Similar Polygons
Identify the pairs of congruent angles
and corresponding sides. Then write a
similarity statement. 0.5
Holt Geometry
7-2 Ratios in Similar Polygons
Check It Out! Example 1
Identify the pairs of congruent angles
and corresponding sides. Then write a
similarity statement.
Holt Geometry
7-2 Ratios in Similar Polygons
A _________________is the ratio of the lengths of
the corresponding sides of two similar polygons.
The similarity ratio of ∆ABC to ∆DEF is , or
The similarity ratio of ∆DEF to ∆ABC is , or
Holt Geometry
7-2 Ratios in Similar Polygons
Example 2A: Identifying Similar Polygons
Determine whether the polygons are similar.
If so, write the similarity ratio and a
similarity statement.
rectangles ABCD and EFGH
Holt Geometry
7-2 Ratios in Similar Polygons
Example 2B: Identifying Similar Polygons
Determine whether the
polygons are similar. If
so, write the similarity
ratio and a similarity
statement.
∆ABCD and ∆EFGH
Holt Geometry
7-2 Ratios in Similar Polygons
Check It Out! Example 2
Determine if ∆JLM ~ ∆NPS.
If so, write the similarity
ratio and a similarity
statement.
Step 1 Identify pairs of congruent angles.
Holt Geometry
7-2 Ratios in Similar Polygons
Check It Out! Example 2 Continued
Step 2 Compare corresponding sides.
Holt Geometry
7-2 Ratios in Similar Polygons
Helpful Hint
When you work with proportions, be sure the
ratios compare corresponding measures.
Holt Geometry
7-2 Ratios in Similar Polygons
Example 3: Hobby Application
Find the length of the model
to the nearest tenth of a
centimeter.
Let x be the length of the model
in centimeters. The rectangular
model of the racing car is similar
to the rectangular racing car, so
the corresponding lengths are
proportional.
Holt Geometry
7-2 Ratios in Similar Polygons
Example 3 Continued
Cross Products Prop.
Simplify.
Divide both sides by 1.8.
The length of the model is ______centimeters.
Holt Geometry
7-2 Ratios in Similar Polygons
Check It Out! Example 3
A boxcar has the dimensions shown.
A model of the boxcar is 1.25 in. wide. Find
the length of the model to the nearest inch.
Holt Geometry