Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
National Capital Region
DIVISION OF CITY SCHOOLS – MANILA
Manila Education Center Arroceros Forest Park
Antonio J. Villegas St. Ermita, Manila

SCIENCE 9
Aim High,
Hit the Target

Quarter 4 Week 2
Most Essential Learning Competency:
Investigate the relationship between the angle of
release, the height and range of a projectile

1
HOW TO USE THIS SUPPLEMENTARY LEARNING MATERIAL (SLeM)
Before you start answering the SLeM, I want you to set aside other tasks that will
disturb you while enjoying the lessons. Read carefully the instructions below to successfully
enjoy the objectives of this kit. Have fun!
1. Follow carefully all the contents and instructions indicated in every part of this SLeM.
2. Write on your notebook the concepts about the lessons. Keep in mind that Writing
develops and enhances learning,
3. Perform all the provided activities in the SLeM.
4. Let your facilitator/guardian assess your answers.
5. Analyze conceptually the posttest and apply what you have learned.
6. Enjoy studying!
PARTS OF THE SUPPLEMENTARY LEARNING MATERIAL
• Expectations - This will provide what you will be able to know after completing the
lessons in the SLeM.
• Pre-test - This will assess your prior knowledge and the concepts to be mastered
throughout the lesson.
• Looking Back - This section will measure the skills that you learned and understood
from the previous lesson.
• Brief Introduction- This section will give you an overview of the lesson.
• Activities - These are activities designed to develop your critical thinking and other
competencies that you need to master. This can be done solely or with your partner
depending on the nature of the activity.
• Remember - This section summarizes the concepts and applications of the lessons.
• Checking your Understanding - This will verify how you learned from the lesson.
• Post-test - This will measure how much you have learned from the entire SLeM.

LESSON 1: Projectile Motion

EXPECTATIONS

This Supplementary Learning Material will help you to

1. Demonstrate what happens to the height and range of the projectile at different
angles of release
2. Infer from examples that the angle of release affects the height and range of a
projectile
3. Infer that complementary angles of release result in the same range but different
height for a projectile
4. Use examples derive from sports to show that the angle of release affects the range
and height of a projectile.

PRETEST

Directions: Write the letter of the correct answer that best answers the question.

1. A projectile is launched at an angle into the air. Neglecting air resistance, what is
its vertical and horizontal acceleration?
A. Vertical acceleration is g and its horizontal acceleration is zero.
B. Vertical acceleration is zero and its horizontal acceleration is g.
C. Vertical and horizontal accelerations are both increasing.
D. Vertical and horizontal accelerations are both decreasing.

2
2. What is the horizontal displacement of an object launched at an angle of 45⁰ with the
initial velocity of 68 m/s?
A. 117 m B. 235 m C. 333 m D. 471 m

3-5 Refer to the diagram as shown to the right.

3. Which angle of release gives the maximum height of
a projectile?
A. 300 B. 450 C. 600 D. 750

4. Which angle of release gives the maximum range of

a projectile?
A. 300 B. 450 C. 600 D. 750

5. Which complimentary angles of release gives the

same ranges of a projectile?
A. 15 and 300 C. 150 and 450
0 0 [Link] p. 78
B. 30 and 60 D. 300 and 750

LOOKING BACK
READ THE WORDS
Label the diagram below by choosing the concept/s from the word pool then
answer projectile motion statement.

2. The path taken by a

projectile______________
A factor that affects the
flight of a
projectile____________ 3. The shape of
____________ a trajectory
____________
__________
4. Maximum vertical
distance reaches by a
projectile _____________

5. Distance from point of origin

to final position (x)
_______________
[Link]
xuvp
Projectile Range Height Angle of release
Motion Trajectory Parabola (ic) Force of gravity

One of the factors affecting the flight of a projectile is the 1. ____________. This factor affects
the maximum vertical distance 2. (___________) and the maximum horizontal distance 3.
(________) that can be traveled by a projectile in through the air. While travelling the projectile
follows a ________ path in a _________ shape caused by the force of gravity.

3
 BRIEF INTRODUCTION

Have you experienced playing angry bird? Do you observe how a basketball player
project the ball for a free throw or a 3-point shot? Do you notice the position or angle of release
by the ball when a volleyball player is serving underhand? You have discussed projectile
motion in terms of its vertical distance (height) and horizontal distance (range) dimensions.
Moreover, aiming the maximum height and maximum range depends on the two factors, the
initial velocity and the angle of release by a projectile.
In this module the angle of release will be discussed to determine its effect on the
vertical and horizontal motion of a projectile. Mathematically, horizontal distance (Range) can
be calculated using the equation 𝑅 = Vi2(𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝜃)/𝑔 , where Vi is the initial velocity. Vertical
distance (Height) can be calculated using H = (V 𝑖 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃) 2 / 2𝑔 , where Vi is the initial velocity.
These concepts and equations will be used to solve some situational problems that will lead
to come up with conclusions out of the scenarios.

ACTIVITIES

Activity 1.1 The Highest and the Farthest Flight

Objective: Demonstrate what happens to the height and range of the projectile at different
angles of release.

Material: PhET Simulation Link, Diagrams from PhET Simulation, Data Table, pen and paper
[Link]
(Note: This simulation can be used with or without internet connection. Sample images attached to the
activity are given as a support to those who have difficulties accessing the simulation)

Procedure
1. Click the link [Link]
motion_en.html to open the PhET Projectile Motion simulation or download the simulation to
access it offline.
2. Keep other factors constant like the type, mass and diameter of a projectile, and its initial
velocity.
3. Set the initial velocity at 15 m/s and uncheck air resistance.
4. Launch the projectile at different angles then record and analyze the range and height of a
projectile.
5. Answer the guide questions as stated below.

Questions
1. In the absence of air resistance and with the same initial velocity, at what angle(s) of release
should the cannonball be fired to:
a. hit the farthest horizontal distance (range)?
b. reach the highest vertical distance?
c. hit the same range?
2. What happens to the height and range of a projectile when the angle of release is changed
from 800 to 250?

4
Data Table 1: Effects of Angle of Released on Height and Range of a Projectile

Angle of Initial Vertical Horizontal Diagram of the Projectile’s

Released Velocity Distance / Distance / Trajectory
(0) (m/s) Height Range (dx)
(dy) (m) (m)

80 15 11.11 7.7

70 15 10.11 14.7

60 15 8.55 19.7

50 15 6.80 22.5

45 15 5.62 22.8

30 15 2.82 20.0

25 15 1.97 17.8

* Screenshots were taken during the writer's simulation activity at

[Link]

5
Activity 1.2: Mathematical Projection

Objective: Infer from examples that the angle of release affects the height and range of a
projectile
Materials: Calculator, pen and notebook
Procedure
1. Solve the height and range of a projectile using the given equations launched at constant
initial velocity, 40 m/s.
2. A solution for height and range at 150 is given as your guide and sample.
3. Answer the guide questions completely after the problem solving activity.

H = (V𝑖 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃) 2 / 2𝑔, where 𝑅 = Vi2(𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝜃)/𝑔 where:

H - Height - Vertical distance R - Range (Horizontal distance)
Vi is the initial velocity Vi is the initial velocity
𝜃 - angle of release 𝜃 - angle of release

Angle (o) Maximum Height / Range /

(vertical distance) (m) (horizontal distance) (m)
15 5.5 82
30 20.4 141
40 33.7 161
45 40.8 163
50 47.9 161
60 61.2 141
70 72.0 105

H = (V𝑖 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃) 2 / 2𝑔 𝑅 = Vi2(𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝜃)/𝑔

= (40 m/s {sin 150})2 / 2 (9.8 m/s2) = (40 m/s)2 {sin 2 (150)} / 9.8 m/s2
= (40 m/s {0.2588})2 / 19.6 m2/s2 = 1600 m2/s2 (sin 300) / 9.8 m/s2
= (10.35 m/s) 2 / 19.6 m2/s2 = 800 m2/s2 / 9.8 m/s2
= 107.17 m2/s2 / 19.6 m2/s2 = 81.63 m
= 5.46 m = 82 m
= 5.5 m The range of a projectile is equal to 82 m
The height of a projectile is equal to 5.5 m at 150 angle of release.
at 150 angle of release.

Questions
1. Based on the calculated vertical distance of a projectile, what happens to the height of the
object as the angle of release increases from 150 to 700?
2. What happens to the horizontal distance as the angle of release changes?
3. Which angles of release show the same range of a projectile

Activity 1.3: Range Equally at 900

Objective: Infer that complementary angles of release result in the same range but different
height for a projectile

6
Materials: pen and paper
Procedure:
1. Refer to the diagram of a projectile released at different angles then answer the questions
as stated. Note: The image was taken from [Link]

Questions
1. Based on the graphical presentation of the projectile launched at different angles, what do
you observe on the horizontal distance between 75 0 and 150 angles of release?
2. What is the horizontal distance between angles 60 0 and 300?
3. What is the summation of 750 and 150 or 600 and 300?
4. What do you call to the angle equals to 90 0? What does complementary angle say about
the angle of release and the range of a projectile?
5. What do you observe to the maximum height of a projectile when released at a given
complementary angle?

REMEMBER

• The distance (dx) traveled horizontally from the launch position to the landing
position is called range while the maximum distance (dy) traveled vertically
by a projectile is called height.
• The height and range of a projectile depends on the 1) initial velocity and 2)
angle of release.
• The maximum range is attained at 45 ⁰, and the complementary angles result
to equal ranges.
• When the given initial velocity is not changed, it follows that
- the height increases as the angle of inclination increases.
- the height decreases as the angle of inclination decreases.
- the range varies when angle of release changes

7
 CHECKING YOUR UNDERSTANDING

The Scenario

During New Year's Eve fireworks are limited and gun shots are highly prohibited. However, in
the morning of January 01, you found a bullet-shaped hole in the windshield of your car. You
immediately reported it to the nearest police station for further investigation.

Bullet Stray Notes

The bullet that had passed through the windshield was 357
Magnum with a 256 m/s muzzle speed. This bullet entered
at 150 from the horizontal. Based on the registration of 357
Magnum gun there were nearby owners who were
investigated for the exact location of the gun.
Suspect W
He is known for carrying the gun in the community
and residing 2.50 kilometers away from the crime scene.
Suspect X
He has no criminal record and residing 3.3 kilometers away from the crime
scene.
Suspect Y
He is residing 4.0 km kilometers away from the crime scene.

Questions

How far is the suspect to the car's windshield? Show your solution in the box. Who is the
suspect in the gun firing?

𝑅 = Vi2(𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝜃)/𝑔

POSTTEST

Directions: Write the letter of the correct answer that best answers the question.

1. What will be the vertical velocity and horizontal acceleration of a projectile at the highest
point?
A. 0 m/s and 0 m/s2 C. 9.8 m/s and 9.8 m/s2
2
B. 0 m/s and 9.8 m/s D. 9.8 m/s and 0 m/s2

2. Juan dela Cruz kicked a ball on a flat surface at the given angles, 300 and 450 respectively
as shown in the diagram. Keeping the initial velocities of the ball the same, which angle of
release will project the ball at the maximum height?
A. Both 300 and 450 C. 300
0
B. 45 D. 750

8
3. What analysis can you state between the effect of angle of
release to height and range of a projectile from the
diagram?
A. Maximum height and maximum range is attained
when fired at 700.
B. Maximum range is attained when fired at 45 0
C. The complementary angles, 70 [Link] 200 have the
range
D. Both B and C

4. Which complimentary angles of release give the same

ranges of a projectile?
A. 15 and 300 C. 150 and 750
B. 450 and 600 D. 300 and 750

5. A golfer hits a ball from horizontal ground, giving it

an initial velocity of 40 m/s at an angle of 27 to the
horizontal. i. What will be the greatest height reached
by the ball? ii. Where will the ball land?

A. 16.8 m ; 132.0 m C. 16.8 m ; 3.30 m

B. 12.0 m ; 132. 0 m D. 16.8 m ; 66.0 m

REFERENCES

[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
df
[Link]
[Link]

Acknowledgements

Writers: Luzviminda A. Dinglasan, MTII-

Manuel Roxas High School
Editors: Maria Clarissa G. Bergado, HTVI
Virginia R. Calado, HTVI
Jonathan P. Derez, PSDS, SDO-Manila
Reviewers: Rebecca M. Roxas, EPS, SDO-Manila
Management Team: Maria Magdalena M. Lim-
Schools Division Superintendent-Manila, Aida H.
Rondilla-Chief