1.

Learning the Game

CONSOLIDATE
Read and Answer
A1. 1. striving—making a great and tenacious effort
2. contriving—to think up or adapt ingeniously or elaborately
3. trail— a series of marks or other signs of movement or other activities left by someone or something
A2. 1. In the wake of true achieving, the achiever leaves behind a shining trail. A path forged for someone else to walk
in their footsteps. A trail that spurs other on giving them new strength and hope.
2. I believe ‘Some other soul will be spurred on, envisioning,’ means that when someone sees another achieving
their goals and dreams; standing resilient in the face of failure, it makes them believe in their own self as well,
fueling their vision and ambition.
3. I believe the line means that whether we fail or succeed, ones path in life is never merely its own. When you
succeed, you may find people who look up to you. When you fail, you will find people who support and
encourage you to never give up, like your family and friends.

CREATE
Word World
B. 1—b; 2—a; 3—a; 4—b; 5—b; 6—a

Language Ladder
C1. 1. Dinesh borrowed my book to study before the test.
2. Whose purse was it that got lost in the fair?
3. This is the policeman who saved my life yesterday.
4. The red guitar by the door is hers.
5. If he wants to win, Arun will have to get himself together.
6. Those flowers you see are from Mrs Gupta’s garden.
7. Nobody but them can afford to buy that car.
8. James kept the best piece of the cake for me.
C2. 1. The boys screamed and waved at one another. (reciprocal pronoun)
2. She herself is responsible for the outcome. (emphatic pronoun)
3. The driver who had to pick you is on leave today. (relative pronoun)
4. The girls said that they would do the cooking themselves. (emphatic pronoun)
5. Could I have something to eat please? (indefinite pronoun)
6. The pen which Jaya uses is expensive. (relative pronoun)
7. Srishti hurt herself while climbing the staircase. (emphatic pronoun)
8. No one was ready to believe what the little boy said. (indefinite pronoun)
 2. Be the Best of Whatever You Are
CONSOLIDATE
Read and Answer
A1. 1—False; 2—True; 3—False; 4—False; 5—True
A1. 1. engaging; 2. interpersonal; 3. proficiency
A3. 1. The given advertisement is a call for vacancy for a content writer position at an online news publishing website
based in New Delhi.
2. The qualifications required are an excellent grasp of English grammar and vocabulary along with the ability
to work independently. Apart from this strong interpersonal and time management skills are also required.
Additionally proficiency with computers, especially writing programs is also a requirement.
3. I believe both have an equal chance of getting the role, depending on their skill and performance in the
interview. I believe so because the company is encouragingfreshers to apply as well, making it a level-playing
field.

CREATE
Word World
B1. 1. simile; 2. simile; 3. metaphor; 4. simile; 5. Metaphor
B2. 1. Although he acts silly at times, he is blessed with a brilliant brain.
2. Mita cooked cupcakes in the kitchen.
3. She believed in helping the homeless.
4. The millionaire’s money made him more miserable.
5. The red roses were wrapped in ribbons.
B3.
1. Time is personified. Time is said to be sneaking up on you like probably a thief would; to indicate that we don’t
even realise how quickly time passes.
2. Fire is personified. Fire is said to be running wildly to indicate it is spreading as quickly as if someone might be
running.
3. Thunder is personified. It is said to be roaring like a lion to indicate the terrifying nature of thunder; how both
are dangerous and can be heard even from a distance.
4. Tree is personified. Said to be groaning to indicate that they are living beings as well and feel pain when cut with
an axe.
5. Flood is personified. Said to be lashing out to indicate how dangerous the anger of nature (water here) can be;
may destroy the village huts completely.
6. Car is personified. Said to be shrieking it is indicative that on suddenly stopping it shrieks like a human being
suddenly scared would.

Language Ladder
C1. 1. in; 2. at; 3. into; 4. till; 5. on; 6. with; 7. outside

C2. 1. The Rajdhani Express departs at 3 p.m. from Mumbai.

2. I received his message at 6 o’ clock in the morning.
3. Let us go to the theatre tonight.
4. They are very cunning. Beware of them.
5. This calls for a celebration.
6. The robbers broke into the shop at midnight and looted it!
7. There are different levels of worksheets available for all age groups.

Punctuation Points
D. One dark night, three wicked thieves hid under a tall tree. Soon, two men, carrying some bags and wearing black
hats, happened to pass by. The thieves decided to attack them. They jumped out from their hiding place, and after
a fierce fight they took away the bags but the two men escaped. When they opened the bag, the greedy thieves
found six apples, some butter, and bread, little milk, and a thousand gold coins. The thieves shared the coins among
themselves. The first thief, who was the chief, got five hundred gold coins. The second, who was the chief’s deputy,
got three hundred coins, and the third got two hundred coins. Suddenly, a bright light lit up the darkness. The thieves
found themselves surrounded by twenty strong policemen. The two men with black hats had been sent there by the
clever policemen to trap the notorious thieves!
 3. Malgudi Cricket Club
CONSOLIDATE
Read and Answer
A1. 1. disappeared; 2. emails, text messages; 3. thinking; 4. past; 5. emoticons
A2. According to the passage, the best thing about letters is the thought involved behind writing a letter. The authoralso
believes that letters are very impactful and expressive as they have the sender’s handwriting.
1. Living in these modern days where time is of the utmost value, I would prefer a WhatsApp call or message as
a mode of communication. Though I would love receiving a personal handwritten letter, however, it’s a time-
consuming mode of communication.

CREATE
Word World
B1. 1. My friends meet me once in a blue moon.; b. Friends meet rarely
2. I do not like his ways. He gets on my nerves.; a. He annoys me.
3. The car of his dreams cost him an arm and a leg.; a. The car was very expensive.
4. John was on cloud nine when he got the result.; a. John was extremely happy.
5. We all have some fair-weather friends.; b. Friends whose friendship lasts only till circumstances are good.
6. Mr Mehta is a couch potato.; b. He spends his time doing nothing.
B2. 1. h.; 2. g.; 3. a.; 4. f.; 5. b.; 6. d.; 7. e.; 8. c.

Language Ladder
C1. 1. but; 2. or; 3. although; 4. rather than; 5. not only, but also
C2. 1. I cannot place an order for this dress because there is no demand for these kind of dresses.
2. Beena came in so she took her coat off.
3. Both Mohak and Neha were ill so they did not come to school.
4. I am very tired for I have been studying all day.
5. Not only did the enemy capture the town, but also destroyed many buildings and factories.
6. Neither have my grandparents travelled abroad nor do they want to.

4. Of the Grasshopper and the Cricket

CONSOLIDATE
Read and Answer
A1. 1—a; 2—b; 3—a; 4—a; 5—b
A2. 1. The poet saw and heard a skylark flying between the sky and the field.
2. The stage below consisted of cornfields stretched all around, probably concealing the skylark’s nest of cornfield.
White butterflies danced on the cornfields. The poet uses the analogy of the stage to create a beautiful picture –
the cornfield below and the skylark watching it from above.
3. The poet could not see the nest which was probably hidden among the stalks. She guessed when she saw the
bird singing and swaying above the corn.
3. The small white butterflies flit near the fields, but the skylark is described as ‘soaring’ high above. They are
moving in a parallel fashion, above the cornfields.

CREATE
Word World
B1. a, a, a, b, b, b
B2. shines; play; geese; fun; light; rain; bent

Language Ladder
C1. 1. The puppy with black spots belongs to us.
2. The book on the top shelf is the one I need.
3. She worked diligently throughout the day.
 4. The school bag with a yellow pocket is my sister’s.
5. The girl in the red dress is my cousin.
6. We looked everywhere for uncle’s car keys.
7. The runner in the blue shorts won the first prize.
8. The man with the brown bag works in my father’s office.
C2. 1. a quarrelsome neighbour (adjective phrase)
2. before dinner (prepositional phrase)
3. beside the bed (prepositional phrase)
4. by the river (prepositional phrase)
5. some old habits (adverb phrase)

Punctuation Points
F1. The mathematics’ teacher asked, ‘How many 2’s make up two thousand and twenty-two?’ I knew the answer but she
didn’t ask me to provide the answers. She asked everyone to write the answers in their notebooks. Then, the teacher
checked Siddharth’s copy. He’d not written the answer but he promised he’ll do it in a minute.
F2. 1. ‘What a wonderful day!’ shouted Mona.
2. ‘Have a good night’, said my mother.
3. ‘Do you have an extra pencil?’ Beena asked.
4. ‘Make sure you do your homework’, said the teacher.
5. Purnima said, ‘What a beautiful day.’
6. ‘Oh no’, Alisha exclaimed, ‘I will surely be late today’.

5. Binya’s Blue Umbrella

CONSOLIDATE
Read and Answer
A1. 1. personified—represented (an abstract quality) in human or animal form
2. billowing—surging, swelling or rising
3. cauldron—a large pot used for boiling, esp one with handles
A2. 1. According to Greek mythology, the Anemoi were gods of wind who took care of a cardinal direction each, that is,
the directions from which their respective winds came.
2. Boreas was the north wind and the bringer of cold winter air. He is depicted as being very strong, with a violent
temper.
Notus was the south wind and the bringer of storms of late summer and autumn. He was feared as a destroyer
of crops.
Zephyrus was the west wind the bringer of light spring and early summer breezes. He was the gentlest of all the
winds and was known as the fructifying wind, since it was the messenger of spring.
Eurus, the east wind, was not associated with any of the three seasons that the Greeks had.
3. Kaikias was the Greek deity of the north-east wind. He was often depicted as a bearded man with a shield full of
hail-stones. Apeliotes, was the Greek deity of the south-east wind. This wind was thought to cause a refreshing
rain which was especially useful to farmers. Therefore, Apeliotes was often depicted wearing gumboots and
carrying fruit, draped in a light cloth. He was represented as clean-shaven, with curly hair and an amiable
expression. Skiron, was the Greek god of the north-west wind. He was supposed to symbolise the onset of
winter. He was depicted as a bearded man tilting a cauldron. Livas, was the deity of the south-west wind, often
depicted holding the stern of a ship.

CREATE
Word World
B. 1. save money; 2. sweep the floor; 3. pay attention; 4. make a mistake; [Link] the chairs; 6. hang the clothes; 7. fluff the
pillows; 8. walk the dog;

Language Ladder
C1. 1. I turned to my uncle who was entirely absorbed in his calculations.
2. Does he mean that there were only two animals?
3. Nobody appreciated what he spoke.
4. We gave our toys to children who were orphans and were very poor.
5. The house which is at the corner of the street belongs to my uncle.
 6. The lady who came into the room was slim and slender.
7. I showed my friend the shells which my sister had collected.
8. She carried the canvas to the room where the paints and brushes had been laid out.
C2. Encourage learners to fill in the appropriate clauses.
1. It isn’t necessary to study all night (main clause)
2. Please tell me (subordinate clause)
3. I can’t go to the party (Main clause)
4. it will continue to give us trouble. (subordinate clause)
5. Don’t you want to know (main clause)
6. I thanked the old man (main clause)

6. Somebody’s Mother
CONSOLIDATE
Read and Answer
A1. 1—a; 2—c
A2. 1. The wretched parents were shouting for their daughter.
2. The parents could not find her but ultimately found little footsteps that looked like they belonged to her and
tracked them.
3. : Yes, I believe there is an element of mystery in theexcerpt. For example, the footsteps disappearing at the
end.
4. She might have fallen off the bridge.

CREATE
Word World
B1. 1. evidence; 2. ravaged; 3. intrepid; 4. terrify; 5. regard
B2. 1—c; 2—d; 3—e; 4—a; 5—b; 6—f
B3. 1. deceive TRICK Nondeceptive
2. Furnish SUPPLY Demand
3. Receive OBTAIN Lose/Relinquish
4. Leave DEPART Arrive
5. Forgive PARDON Punish
6. Suggest PROPOSE Withdraw
7. Lead GUIDE Follow
8. Guarantee PROMISE Denial

Language Ladder
C1.
C2. 1. Words in English that begin with the consonants ‘th’ are often difficult for non-native speakers to pronounce.
2. Anyone who wants to be scientist must have a logical mind.
3. The book which the professor translated was written in Sanskrit.
4. Albert Einstein who the world recognises as a genius was a school dropout.
5. Santa Claus, whose image is everywhere during the Christmas season, stands for Christmas gift-giving.
6. ACB Bank whose chairman is a woman tries to attract female customers.

Punctuation Points
F1. 1. Is it raining outside?
2. Don’t go out. It is raining!
3. Oh no, the bus will come early today!
4. Will the bus come early today?
5. What took you so long?
6. Wow, she won the race!
7. Shall we wait for her?
8. The criminal has escaped!
 9. Yay, I can go and play!
10. Would it be okay to call so late?

7. Bright Spark
CONSOLIDATE
Read and Answer
A1. 1. a. The king said this to the scientist.
b. The speaker wished for a shorter way because he was getting impatient at the way Euclid explained all his
theorems in detail.
c. The royal got the reply that there is no royal road to learning.
2. a. Srinavasa said this to his mathematics teacher.
b. He had found an exception in the rule being taught in class.
c. The listener was left speechless.
A2. Yes, he was right in saying so to the king. As being a royal the king expected a shortcut, but the pursuit ofeducation is not
a privilege to the rich. It is equal for all.
1. This shows that by character the speaker is extremely humble despite his renowned genius. He was respectful of
the child’s curiosity and open to learning himself.
2. Yes, I think Newton did the right thing by not punishing his dog, as the dog’s intention was never to foil
Newton’s work. It was just in a playful mood. This incident teaches us that we should be kind to animals and
should not take things too seriously.

CREATE
Word World
B1. 1. harmful; 2. shameful; 3. national; 4. fashionable; 5. enjoyable; 6. colourful; 7. fearless; 8. peaceful
B2. 1. disgraceful.; 2. ashore; 3. immature; 4. pre-historic; 5. amiss; 6. behead; 7. un-board; 8. imprint; 9. disobedient; 10.
already

Language Ladder
C. 1. The crime ceased when the law was passed.
2. Keep the juice on the tale so that everyone can have it.
3. The soldier drew his sword so that he may defend himself.
4. I am happy as you liked the present.
5. You will fail because you don’t work hard.
6. He spoke in such a feeble voice that I couldn’t hear him.
7. You know the truth although not many know it./Although not many know the truth you know it.

8. Gravity
CONSOLIDATE
Read and Answer
A1. 1. in every thirty seconds; 2. a special instrument called the seismograph; 3. Gujarat, India on 26th January 2001
killed about 20,000 people; 4. small tremors happen; 5. The movements of about twenty plates of solid rock called the
tectonic plates
A3. 1. According to a recent study, only one earthquake in about 500 causes any damage. Powerful earthquakes can
cause severe damage to monuments and mankind.
2. A tsunami is caused when an earthquake takes place in the seabed.
3. The powerful earthquakes are caused by the movements of about twenty plates of solid rock called the tectonic
plates.
4. The earth’s crust is made up of about twenty plates of solid rock called the tectonic plates.
5. A powerful earthquake hit the Kutch region of Gujarat, India on 26th January 2001 which killed about 20,000
people. A deadly tsunami occurred on 11th March 2011 and killed over 21,000 people causing widespread
destruction in Japan.
 CREATE
Word World
B1. Smell: As soon as the woman entered the room flooded with the fragrance of her perfume.
Look: The light flooded the room as they looked on.
Taste: The strawberry flavour flooded her mouth.
Sound: The room flooded with the sound of the melodious Sitar.
Feel: Relief flooded her as she saw her father’s car.
B2.
2. The snowflakes drizzled from the skies and glided over the green, tender leaves of the trees.
3. As soon as he jumped on the creaking, unstable chair, it fell apart, unable to bear the heavy weight on its old,
dying legs.
4. My delicate skin gets rough in the face of the harsh cold of the winter.
5. The bus clattered and its glass windows shivered as the bus climbed a bumpy, potholed road clogged with water.

Language Ladder
C1.
1. May I open the window?
2. Hey! Can I borrow your laptop to finish my work? Mine isn’t working.
3. Might I order something for myself I am allergic to many ingredients here?
4. You ought to turn the volume down it is disturbing everyone and I have an important exam tomorrow.
5. Could you lower the volume at least?
C2. 1. When an earthquake strikes, we must follow certain dos and don’ts. If we are indoors, we should not panic and
rush outside. We ought to try to get our family into doorways, under the tables and beds. We should keep away
from windows and chimneys. If we are outdoors, we should keep clear of buildings, high walls or dangling
electric wires. We must put out all domestic fires and turn off heaters.

2. There are certain rules that we must follow in a library. Most importantly, we should maintain
absolute silence inside a library. We ought to handle all library books carefully and take good care of
them. We should not scribble on the pages of the books or tear them.
Punctuation Points
F1. 2. twenty-seven; 3. well-written; 4. part-time; 5. open-minded; 6. bad-tempered; 7. fast-moving; 8. far-off
F2. 1. My mother needs four things from the store—butter, milk, flour and bread.
2. The rule is simple—wash your hands before having food.
3. I had a great day at the book fair—look at these books!
4. He is afraid of two things—spiders and lizards.
5. It was raining—the game was cancelled!
6. My shirt is green—my brother’s is blue.

9. The Face on the Wall

CONSOLIDATE
Read and Answer
A1. 1—b; 2—a; 3—a
A2.
1. The poem talks about the mischief caused by kids in the house and how the kids innocently refuse to take the
blame and pass the blame on someone else. That someone is Mr Nobody. Hence the poem is aptly titled ‘Mr
Nobody’.
2. I would suggest the title ‘The Innocent Liars’ for the given poem.
3. The poem talks about all kinds of mischiefs that children cause at home. In every stanza, after recounting the
mischiefs, the poet says that the children refuse to take the blame and hence the only one accountable is Mr
Nobody.
4. The speaker has made great use of his senses especially the sense of sight.

CREATE
Word World
B1. 1. due, dew; 2. him, hymn; 3. patients, patience; 4. weather, whether, weather; 5. band, banned; 6. miner, minor; 7.
whole, hole
B2. 1. address, address; 2. kind, kind; 3. bear, bear; 4. means, means, mean; 5. march, March; 6. rose, rose
Language Ladder
C1. 1. If you are unhappy, you need to care for yourself. (zero conditional)
2. If I was an actor, I would work in theatre productions. (second conditional)
3. If he had eaten food in the morning, he wouldn’t be so hungry right now. (third conditional)
4. If she saw a snake, she’d scream. (second conditional)
5. If I’m tired, I go to bed early.(first conditional)
C2. If you are free, we can go for a walk.
1. If she studies hard, she will do well in the exam.
2. The school team would have more confidence if it wins the match.
3. I would exercise more if I had more time.
4. You wouldn’t have to walk everywhere if you bought a bike.
5. I wouldn’t have gotten the job if I had not learnt English.
6. She would not have been upset if you had not forgotten her birthday.

10. As I Grew Older

CONSOLIDATE
Read and Answer
A1. 1—True; 2—True; 3—True; 4—False; 5—True
A2. 1. Nelson Mandela in his speech at the dock said that he has fought against white and black domination, i.e.
he has fought against racial and colour discrimination. He remained true to his devotion to democracy and
equality. He hoped for a society where everyone lived peacefully together and where everyone was given equal
opportunities. For this cause he was ready to die.
2. Mandela continued his campaign to end apartheid. His hard work bore fruit when all races were allowed to vote
in the 1994 elections. He won the election and became the President of South Africa. On several occasions during
the process, violence threatened to break out. However, Mandela maintained peace and prevented a major civil
war. He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993.
3. Mandela’s birthday has been declared as Nelson Mandela Day as a tribute to this great man who dedicated
his life for a noble cause. People are asked to devote 67 minutes to helping others which stand for the 67 years
Mandela spent serving his country.
A3. 1. On 11 June 1962, Nelson Mandela was sentenced tolife imprisonment on the charge of attempting to overthrow
the government. He went on to spend the next 27 years of his life in prison. His prison sentence brought
international visibility to the anti-apartheid movement. He was finally released through international pressure
in 1990. He continued with his efforts and finally succeeded when all races were allowed to vote in the 1994
elections.
2. The reason for racial discrimination is narrow-mindedness of the people, their lack of tolerance and education.
There should be a strong law against people who practice discrimination, so that the practice ends.
CREATE
Word World
B1. 1. heavy rain; 2. strong smell; 3. wonderful times; 4. high speed; 5. deep trouble; 6. faint possibility; 7. low pressure

Language Ladder
C1. 1. any; 2. Many; 3. This; 4. The; 5. many; 6. every, the; 7. The, the; 8. either
C2. Raghav: I have lost my pencil. Your pencil is in that box. May I use it?
Vihaan: Of course. I have many pencils. I have a pencil in my pocket too.
Raghav: I have recently purchased some pencils, but unfortunately, I have left them at home. By the way your pencil
writes very well.
Vihaan: I don’t blame you for having forgotten to bring the pencil box. Aren’t you shifting to an apartment near the
lakes?
Raghav: Our neighbours and a few friends are helping us do the packing.
Vihaan: If you had shifted during the vacations, I could have helped.

Punctuation Points
D. I left the place eager to learn. Everything had a name and each name gave birth to a new thought. As we returned to
the house, every object I touched seemed to quiver with life. I entered the house<em dash>I remembered the broken
doll. It was a gift from Miss Sullivan. I felt my way to the hearth and picked up the pieces. My eyes filled with tears;
I was filled with a sense of regret. The incident proved to be a turning point in my life, not only had I learnt the
importance of words, I had also understood what a nice teacher I had. I had been given an opportunity to explore
the wide world of language!Children who hear acquire language without any particular effort. A deaf child is at a
disadvantage: the process of learning language is a slow one. A deaf child does not learn in a month. It was a long
time before I had something appropriate to say at the right time!

11. Indian Classical Dance Forms

CONSOLIDATE
Read and Answer
A1. 1. rudimentary craft; 2. Beyond feeding our bodies; 3. actually have their roots far away; 4. coffee, 1600s, Mecca;
5. cocoa
A2.
1. Beyond feeding our bodies, food choices express and mirror societies and cultures. Social distinctions and
religious identities, values and concerns all find expression through food.
2. Convenience foods contain harmful ingredients which long term consumption can have harmful affects on the
human body.

CREATE
Word World
B1. 1. This coffee tastes as bad as a shampoo!
 2. You can behave like your sister; she is very polite.
3. As is evident, it was a tiring day.
4. I just heard a noise like a glass breaking.
5. It was as if she had no concern for the rules laid down by
the principal.B2. 1. I make my bed every morning.
2. Please, can you do me a favour?
3. My siblings and I make my parents very proud.
4. Try not to do anything in a haste.
5. I have so much work to do this month!
6. I will make sure I do my food prep in advance.

Language Ladder
C1.
C2. 1. The bought a dog they call Fluffy for my sister.
2. Running home, I found a coin.
3. She threw the ball made of red rubber to her friend.
4. The dog caught the stick having been thrown in the air.
5. A skeleton caught my attention upon entering the doctor’s office.
6. She combed her hair for nearly ten minutes every day.

Perfect Pronunciation
D.
/s/ /z/ /iz/
students rooms faces
tops dogs matches
books boats roses
nails years bushes

12. My Lost Dollar

CONSOLIDATE
Read and Answer
A1. 1—b; 2—a; 3—b; 4—b; 5—a
A2. 1. In support of the Nose, the lawyer argued that the Nose has the spectacles always to wear and that
the spectaclesare made with a straddle as wide as teh ridge of the nose. The lawyer argues that that
means it is designed specifically to sit on the nose like a saddle.
2. The lines point to the hypocrisy that the profession is known for. That for greedof money and power
they can shift to any side.

CREATE
Word World
B.
Base adjectives: angry; funny; interesting; small; tired
Strong adjectives: furious; hilarious; fascinating; tiny; exhausted

Language Ladder
C1. 1. speaks; 2. play; 3. writes; 4. make; 5. is; 6. knows; 7. have; 8. are/have been;
C2. According to legend, Santa Claus is an old man who visits every house on our planet in about eight
hours on oneof the coldest nights of the year. Santa, as everybody knows, stops for a glass of milk
 and a cookie at each house
along the route. He prefers to work unnoticed, so he wears luminous red suit and travels with a pack of
bell-janglingreindeer.
For reasons that most people do not understand, this jolly old man enters each house not by the front
door but through the chimney (whether you have a chimney or not). Santa Claus is one of the earliest
beliefs that parents try to instil in their children.

Punctuation Points
F1. 1. The distance from my village to Amritsar: three hundred miles. By walking, begging rides: both in
trucks and cars, in some way after a number of days, I reached the city of Amritsar, the city of the
Golden temple. When Ireached there: tired, hungry and dirty, it was late in the night.
2. A few days later, we made a camp on the bank of a nearby river: a very pleasant camp. We could see
for milesacross the great yellow plains with the highest mountains in Africa visible in the distance:
Kilimanjaro.