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CONTENT

THEME: Inquiry in Science

Unit 1 Scientific Skills 1 – 13

THEME: Life Science

Unit 2 Human 14 – 24

Unit 3 Animals 25 – 29

Unit 4 Plants 30 – 35

THEME: Physical Science

Unit 5 Properties of Light 36 – 46

Unit 6 Sound 47 – 51

Unit 7 Energy 52 – 59

THEME: Material Science

Unit 8 Materials 60 – 68

THEME: Earth and Space

Unit 9 Earth 69 – 75

THEME: Technology and Sustainability of Life

Unit 10 Machine 76 – 82

ANSWER 83 – 90
 THEME: Inquiries in Science

UNIT

1.1 Science Process Skills

A State two sensories involved to make oservation below. LS 1.1.1 PL1

Observation Sensories involve

1 Durian has a strong smell and sharp

thorns
(a)

(b)

2 Nani was scared when the dog that

crossed in front of her barked.
(a)

(b)

3 The ice cream is so sweet and cold.

(a)

(b)

1
B Write tool and sensory used to make the observation. LS 1.1.1 PL3

Tool:

Sensory:

2
Tool:

Sensory:

Tool:

Sensory:

2
C Classify the animals below based on the common charactristics
correctly. LS 1.1.2 PL2

Fish Prawn Penguin Crab

Snake Chicken Squid Crocodile

Breathing organ

1 Gills 2 Lungs

 _________________  _________________

 _________________  _________________

 _________________  _________________

 _________________  _________________

3 With legs 4 Without leg 5 Feather 6 Scale

_____________
_____________ _____________ _____________
_____________
_____________ _____________ _____________

3
D Based on the diagram below, answer the following questions.
LS 1.1.2 PL3 PL4 PL5 PL6

Pencil Paper clip

Box

Iron nail Cloth Iron spoon

1 Classify the objects above into the table below.

Can conduct electricity Cannot conduct electricity

2 Give reasons for your answer in 1.

3 Other than the ability to conduct electricity, what other suitable

characteristics to classify the object?

4 Suggest other materials that can conduct electricity?

4
E Write the measurement below correctly. LS 1.1.3 PL1

1 2

3 4

5 6

5
F Answer the following questions based on the diagram below.
LS 1.1.3 PL2

1 On the diagram above, tick (✔) at the correct position of eye to

measure the volume of water.

2 What tool is suitable to measure the volume of water?

3 What is the suitable standard unit used to measure the volume of

water?

4 By using measuring tape, measure the height of three of your friends.

Record the readings you get in the form of a table.

6
G Aiman carried out an investigation about the gowth of plant.
Aiman put tree A at an open space and tree B inside a box. After
one week, the condition of trees is observed. LS 1.1.4 PL4

Tree A Tree B

1 Observation:
Tree A _________________ while tree B _______________.

2 Intrepretation:
Tree A ___________ because _______________________ while

tree B _________ because __________________________.

3 Conclusion:
Plants need _________________________ to live.

4 Aiman Forgot to water plant A for a week. Aiman found out tree A has
died. What inference can be made?

7
H Predict what will happen based on the following situation. LS 1.1.5 PL3

1
Prediction:

2
Prediction:

I Answer the following question based on the experiment below.

LS 1.1.5 PL3 PL5

Flour Sand Sugar

`

1 What can be observed at the end of experiment?

2 Give a reason for your answer at 1.

3 The experiment is repeated by dissolving iron powder using hot

water. Predict whether the iron powder dissolve or not in hot water.

8
J Based on the observation below, answer the following questions.
LS 1.1.6 LS 1.1.7 PL3

0 minute 1 minute 2 minutes 3 minutes 4 minutes

1 What parameter changes over time in the situation above?

2 Record the information obtained from the diagram above in a more

systematic form.

3 Predict the height of candle at 6 minutes.

4 State the relationship between time and candle height within 4

minutes.

9
K Fill in the blanks about the space and time relationship in the
situation below. LS 1.1.7 PL3

As the time increases, human

become
_______________________

As the time increases,

temperature of water become
_______________________

3
As the time increases, the
chocolate bar ___________
_______________________

As the time increases,

_______________________
_______________________

10
 L Answer the question below about an investigation that has been
carried out. LS 1.1.8 LS 1.1.9 PL3 PL4

An investigation has been carried out to study the evaporation of

water. 10 ml of water is poured into four different apparatus, which are
beaker, conical flask, measuring cylinder and Petri dish. The
apparatus is left under the sun. After 30 minutes, the volume of water
is measured and recorded as in the table below.

Beaker Conical flask Measuring Petri dish

cylinder

Apparatus

Volume of
water after 5 ml 6 ml 9 ml 2 ml
30 minutes

1 Based on the table above, what information can be obtained?

2 Arrange the apparatus above in the increasing order of evaporation of

water.

3 Convert the data in the table above into the form of bar chart.

4 What is done and observed in this investigation?

5 Give an operational definition for evaporation of water.

11
 M Answer the question below about an investigation carried out.
LS 1.1.12 PL6

An investigation is carried out to study about the absorption of water by three

different materials.

Materials immersed in
water

Materials taken out from

water.
Volume of water is taken

1 What parameter is changing in this experiment?

2 What is the operational definition of absorption of water?

3 State the variables in this investigation.

(a) Manipulated variable:

(b) Responding variable:

(c) Constant variable:

4 State one hypothesis from this investigation.

12
 N Carry out the following investigation. Then, complete the
investigation report below. LS P1.1.8 LS 1.1.9 PL3 PL4

The size of shadow will change if the distance of object from lamp
changes. Plan an investigation by completing the report below.

1 Aim: ___________________________________________________

2 Problem statement: _______________________________________

3 Hypothesis: ______________________________________________

4 Variables:
(a) manipulated: _____________________________________

(b) responding: _____________________________________

(c) constant: _____________________________________

5 Apparatus and materials: ___________________________________

________________________________________________________

6 Investigation procedure:

7 Result: ______________________________________________

8 Conclusion: ______________________________________________

13
 THEME: Life Science

UNIT

2.1 Human Breathing

A State the human breathing organ at the diagram below.
LS 2.1.1 LS 2.1.2 PL1 PL2

4 Draw the direction of airflow by using arrows at the organs involved during
inhale and exhale.

(a) Inhale (b) Exhale

14
B Understand the diagram below. Then, answer the questions
given. LS 2.1.3 PL2

1 During the exchange of 2 During the exchange of

gas, I am carried into gas, I am carried out of
the lungs. I am lungs. I am

C Understand the diagram below. Then, choose and answer the

questions given. You can also do this activity while answering
the questions. LS 1.1.4 PL3 PL4

Inhaling Exhaling

1 Air entering coming out of 3 Air entering coming out of

lungs contain more ___________ lungs contain more
gas compared to air blown out. _____________ gas compared to
air inhaled.
2 Chests move ____________ and
______________. 4 Chests move ____________ and
______________.

15
 D The diagram below shows activities at a park. Answer
questions based on the activities. LS 2.1.5 PL5
5

1 Classify the activities above into the correct breathing rate.

Low Medium High

2 Why the breathing rate for each activities are different?

3 What is the relationship between the type of activities and breathing rate?

4 What will happen if someone who is not healthy doing vigorous activity?

16
 E Tick (✘) at situations that give bad effect towards human
breathing. LS 2.1.6 LS6
5

1 2

3 4

5 What can be used to avoid from breathe unclean air? Tick (✔) at the
correct answer.

17
2.2 Excretion and Defecation
A Complete the sentences below about the meaning of excretion
and defecation. LS 2.2.1 PL1
1 Excretion is a process of removing _________________________ from
________________.

2 Defecation is a process of removing _________________________

through ________________.

B Match the products of excretion and defecation. LS 2.2.2 PL2

Urine

Faeces

Excretion

Sweat

Defecation

Carbon dioxide

Wap air

18
C Fill in the blanks below with organs and products removed in
the process of excretion and defecation. LS 2.2.2 PL4

Excretion products
 ___________________
 ___________________
Organ: _____________

Excretion products
Excretion
 __________________
Organ: _____________

Excretion products
 __________________

Organ: _____________

Defecation Defecation products

 __________________

Organ: _____________

19
 D Answer the questions below. LS 2.2.3 LS 2.2.4 PL3 LS5 LS6

1 Give three excretion process carried out by human.

 ______________________________________________________
 ______________________________________________________
 ______________________________________________________

2 Give two importance of removal of excretion and defecation products.

 ______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
 ______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________

3 What diseases will be suffered if the process of excretion and defecation

in the body is not smooth?
Excretion:

Defecation:

4 State a good practice to ensure the excretion and defecation are not
disturbed.
Excretion:

Defecation

20
2.3 Human Respond to Stimuli
A Complete the sentence below about stimuli, respond and
sensory organ of human. LS 2.3.1 PL1
1 Stimuli is _______________________ in a condition.

2 Respond is ____________________________________ towards stimuli.

3 Name the sensory organs of human.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

21
 B State stimuli, sensory organ and respond in the situation below.
LS 2.3.2 PL1 PL2 PL3
1
Stimuli: ______________________

Sensory organ: ________________

Respond: _____________________

2
Stimuli: ______________________

Sensory organ: ________________

Respond: _____________________

3
Stimuli: ______________________

Sensory organ: ________________

Respond: _____________________

4 Stimuli: ______________________

Sensory organ: ________________

Respond: _____________________

5
Stimuli: ______________________

Sensory organ: ________________

Respond: _____________________

22
 C State the importance of respond for the following situations.
LS 2.3.3 PL4 PL5
1

Drivers gave way after

hearing the siren from the
ambulance.

Importance:

Afiq found that the cup filled

with tea was still hot.

Importance:

Mom found yesterday's food

already started to smell.

Importance:

23
 D Give the effects and consequences of adopting habits that
interfere with human response. LS 2.3.4 PL6

Glue sniffing
Effect:

Consequence:

Alcohol consumption
Effect:

Consequence:

Drug abuse
Effect:

Consequence:

24
 THEME: Life Science

UNIT

3.1 Breathing Organs of Animals.

A Give four types of breathing organs of animals below. LS 3.1.2 PL 1

1 2

3 4

B Match the following animals with the correct breathing organs.

LS 3.1.2 PL1

Gill

Moist skin

Lungs

Spiracles

25
 C Answer the questions below based on the following diagram.
LS 3.1.3 PL5
2

Frog Mudskipper

1 Frog and mudskippers can live on land and inside the water.
Why?

2 What are the breathing organs for frog? Tick (✔) at the correct answer

Lungs Gills Moist skin

3 What are the breathing organs for mudskipper? Tick (✔) at the correct
answer?

Lungs Gills Moist skin

4 When on land, frog breathe using ______________ but while in the water,

frog breathe using _______________.

5 When on land, mudskipper breathe using ______________ but while in

the water, mudskipper breathe using _______________.

6 Name other animal that has two breathing organs.

26
3.2 Vertebrates
A Answer the questions below. LS 3.2.1 PL1

1 What is the meaning of vertebrates?

2 What is the meaning of invertebrates?

B Observed the animals below. Then, classify the animals into

vertebrates and invertebrates in a suitable form at the answer
space provided. LS 3.2.2 PL2

27
 C Match the vertebrates below according to its class correctly.
LS 3.2.3 PL4
1

Mammals

Amphibians

Birds

Reptiles

Fish

28
 D Fill in the blanks in the table below about the specific
characteristics for mammals, reptiles, amphibians, birds and
fish. LS 3.2.3 PL4

Breathing Reproduction Body Example of

Animals Habitat
organ method covering animal

1 Mammal

2 Reptiles

3 Amphibians

4 Birds

5 Fish

29
 THEME: Life Science

UNIT

4.1 Plant Responses towards Stimuli

A State the observation and inference for the situation below.
LS 4.1.1 LS 4.1.2 PL1 PL3

1
Observation: Roots grow downwards.
Inference: _______________________

_______________________

2
Observation: ____________________
____________________
Inference: _______________________
_______________________

3
Observation: ____________________
____________________
Inference: _______________________
_______________________

4
Observation: ____________________
____________________
Inference: _______________________
_______________________

30
 B Answer the questions below based on the questions below.
LS 4.1.2 LS 4.1.4 PL2

Mother’s flower pot has been pushed by a cat and fallen. After a week,
mother found that her tree has grown.

1 Name two parts of plants that has responded.

2 Name two stimuli involved in the situation above.

3 What conclusion can be made from the response and stimuli you stated at
question 1 and 2?

4 Name one part of plant that response to stimuli other than stated in
question 1 and 2.

Part of plant: ________________________________________

Stimuli: ________________________________________

31
 C Predict the response occurs at the plants below. Then, state the
conclusion that can be made. LS 4.1.3 LS 4.1.4 PL3 PL5
3
1
Fly

Conclusion: ________________________________________________

2
Moist
cotton

Conclusion: ________________________________________________

3
Dark box

Conclusion: ________________________________________________

Conclusion: ________________________________________________

32
4.2 Photosynthesis
A Answer the question below. LS 4.2.1 PL1

1 What is the meaning of photosynthesis?

B State the needs of photosynthesis by completing the diagram

below. LS 4.2.2 PL2

2
3

5 What part of plant is involved in the process of photosynthesis?

6 What is the gas used to carry out the process of photosynthesis?

33
 C Answer the questions below. LS 4.2.3 PL4

1 How do humans and animals get food?

2 How do plants get food?

3 Complete the needs and products of photosynthesis.

+ → +

Sunlight

4 Where food is stored in plants?

5 What is the part of plant that helps carry out the process of
photosynthesis? Tick (✔) at the correct answer.

34
 D Complete the diagram below about the importance of
photosynthesis process. LS 4.2.4 LS 4.2.5 PL4 PL6

(a)
(c)

(b)

1 Based on the diagram above, list three importance of photosynthesis

process towards humans and animals.
(a) ________________________________________________________
(b) ________________________________________________________

(c) ________________________________________________________

2 What will happen if photosynthesis process is not carried out?

Give two effects.

 ________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

 ________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

35
 THEME: Physical Science

UNIT

5.1 Light Travels in a Straight Line

A An experiment is carried out to study the properties of light.
Answer the following questions based on the experiment
LS 5.1.1 PL1

A B

1 What is the properties of light studied in the experiment above?

2 What observation can be made in A and B?

A: ________________________________________________________

B: ________________________________________________________

3 What conclusion can be made based on this experiment?

4 A pupil can observed the candle light from cardboard A. What will happen
if cardboard B is moved?

36
 B State the type of object whether transparent, translucent or
opaque based on the shadow formed on the screen. LS 5.1.2 PL2
2

Object:

Object:

Object:

C Match the characteristics of shadow formed when the light is

shone to the following objects. LS 5.1.2 PL2

Teddy bear No shadow

2
Window Blurred shadow

3
Paper Clear shadow

37
 D Answer the questions below based on the experiment carried
out. LS 5.1.3 PL5
3

An experiment is carried out to study the factor that affects the size of
shadow.

Shadow

10 cm
Screen
Light source Object

Shadow

Screen
20 cm
Light source
Object

1 What can be tested in this experiment?

2 State the observation in this experiment.

3 State the fixed and responding variables in this experiment.

Fixed: _________________________________________________

Responding: ______________________________________________

4 What conclusion can be made at the end of the experiment?

38
 E Answer the question below based on the experiment carried
out. LS 5.1.3 PL5

An experiment is carried out to study the factor that affects the size of
shadow.

Shadow

20 cm Screen
Light source Object

Shadow

Screen
Light source Object 10 cm

1 What is tested in this experiment?

2 What is the observation for this experiment? Write in the form of table.

3 State the fixed and responding variables in this experiment.

Fixed: _________________________________________________

Responding: ______________________________________________

4 What conclusion can be made at the end of the experiment?

39
 F Answer the questions below based on the experiment carried
out. LS 5.1.3 PL5

An experiment is carried out to study the factor that affects the shape of
shadow.

Light source

Light source

1 What is tested in this experiment?

2 Draw the shadow formed on the screen for Set A and Set B.

Set A Set B

3 What hypothesis can be made in this experiment?

40
5.2 Reflection of Light
A Complete the sentence below based on the following diagram.
LS 5.2.1 PL1

1 Light can be ______________________________.

B Answer the questions below based on the following activitiy.

LS 5.2.1 LS 5.2.2 PL2
An activity is carried out by shine a torch light on a mirror surface as the
diagram below.

Torch light

Mirror

1 State the property of light based on the diagram above.

2 Draw and label the ray diagram above.

3 Complete three conclusions that can be made.

(a) Light can be _______________________.

(b) Light that shine to the mirror is known as ____________________.

(c) The light reflected is known as______________________.

41
 C Write the use of reflection of light based on the situation below.
LS 5.2.2 PL3

1
Use:

____________________________

____________________________

Use:

____________________________

____________________________

Use:

3 ____________________________

____________________________
Use:

____________________________

____________________________

Use:

____________________________

____________________________

42
D Complete the direction of light reflection from the torch light on
the surface of the mirror. Include label on the diagram. LS 5.2.3 PL2

Torch light

Mirror

E Create a mind map to explain the importance of properties of

light in daily life. LS 5.2.4 PL4 PL6

43
5.3 Reflection of Light
A Observe the diagram below. Answer the questions based on the
diagram. LS 5.3.1 PL1 PL2

1 What observation can be made based on the diagram above?

2 Give a reason based on your observation.

3 What conclusion can be made based on the observation?

4 Tick (✔) for the same phenomenon with the diagram above.

44
 B Understand the following activity and answer the questions
below. LS 5.3.2 PL3 PL5 PL6

An activity is carried out to study the property of light. One paper is drawn
with an arrow. A glass filled with water is move in front of the paper.

A glass filled
with water is
moved in front
of the paper

1 What is the property of light tested in this activity?

2 Draw the observation obtained when the glass is in front of paper in the
answer space below.

3 Make a conclusion from this activity.

C Design a tool that applies the refraction of light. Sketch the tool
you designed in the answer space below. LS 5.3.4 PL6

45
 D Carry out the activity below to investigate the formation of
rainbow. LS 5.3.3 PL4 PL6

You are provided with the materials below. By using all or some of the
materials, carry out the activity of formation of rainbow.

Torch light Flip chart paper Basin filled with water Mirror

1 Draw the arrangement of materials to carry out the activity in the answer
space below.

2 Explain the formation of rainbow.

3 Give one importance of reflection of light.

46
 THEME: Physical Science

UNIT

6.1 Sound
A State how sound is produce. LS 6.1.1 PL1

1 2

3 4

47
 B Answer the questions based on the activity below. LS 6.1.1 PL2
2
An activity is carried out to study how sound is produced by using rubber
band.

1 When rubber band is plucked, sound produced. What observation can be

made about the rubber band?

2 What conclusion can be obtain from this activity?

C Answer the questions below about sound. LS 6.1.2 PL3

2

Students can hear their teacher's voice in the lecture hall. What is the
property of light that allows students to hear their teacher’s voice?

48
 D Answer the following questions based on the phenomenon that
related to sound. LS6.1.3 PL4
3
1 Wani's voice echoed when she was in a cave.

What is the property of light that cause echo?

2 Syafiq underwent a test to scan his heart.

(a) State the phenomenon of sound for the situation above.

(b) What is the importance of this phenomenon in human life?

(c) State an animal that applies this phenomenon. Explain.

49
 E State whether the sounds below bring beneficial or harmful in
daily life. Give reasons. LS 6.1.4 PL5
3

1
The fire alarm went off.

Beneficial Harmful

Explanation: ____________________

____________________

2
Friend plays with cymbals while
studying.
Beneficial Harmful

Explanation: ____________________

____________________

3
Sound of fireworks at midnight.
Beneficial Harmful

Explanation: ____________________

____________________

4 Kettle beeps.
Beneficial Harmful

Explanation: ____________________

____________________

50
 F Suggest ways to solve the problem of sound pollution below.
LS 6.1.4 PL6
1 Renovating house. 3

Suggestion: _____________________________________________
_____________________________________________

2 Noise form the car horn, Engine of lorry and land mower.

Suggestion: _____________________________________________

_____________________________________________

Group activity

1 Carry out this activity in group.

2 Discuss with your team member about the noise pollution that
happen around you.
3 Choose one of the pollution that you listed. State the effects on daily
life.
4 Suggest ways to solve the problem of noise pollution.
5 Present the result of the discussion in front of the class.

51
 THEME: Physical Science

UNIT

7.1 Source and Form of Energy

A Answer the question below. LS 7.1.1 PL1

What is the meaning of energy?

B Complete the mind map below with its source of energy. LS 7.1.2 PL2
1

1 2

3 4

Energy
Sources

5 7
6

52
C Complete the source of energy below with the correct
explanation. LS 76.1.2 PL3
2

1 Generate energy by
rotating turbine in the Sun
dam

2 Petroleum in burnt to Fossil fuel

generate electricity

3 Generate electricity by
Wave
rotating the windmill

4 Generate electricity by using

Water
solar panel

5 Generate electricity by using

fuel from animal faeces Nuclear

6 Generate electricity using

substances like uranium Biomass

7 Generate electricity by
rotating turbine in the ocean Angin

53
 D Complete the mind map below with the form of energy exists
around us. LS 7.1.3 PL2
3

2 9

3 8
Form of
Energy

5 6

54
 E State the transformation of energy based on the situations
below. LS 7.1.4 PL3
3

55
 F Write the transformation of form of energy that occur in the
situation below. LS7.1.4 PL3

Aidil makes a video call to his

friends who stay abroad.

Hong Ki was sweating because

he ran to school because he got
up late.

Ripe durian falls from the tree.

56
 G Answer all the questions below with the correct answer.
LS 7.1.5 LS 7.1.6 PL5
3
The diagram below shows three type of tools.

Washing machine Calculator Microwave

1 State two sources of energy.

2 Write the transformation of energy that occur on the tools above if the
tools is switched on.

Washing machine : __________________________________

Calculator : __________________________________

Microwaves : __________________________________

3 Based on your answer in 2, give one tool that has the same
transformation of energy as washing machine.

4 Complete the following conclusion about energy.

Energy cannot be _______________ or _______________ but can be

_______________.

57
7.2 Renewable Energy and Non-renewable Energy
A Classify the sources of energy below into renewable and non-
renewable energy. LS 7.2.1 PL2

Coal Wave
Sun

Water Biomass

Petroleum
Natural gas

Wind
Nuclear

Source of Energy

Renewable Non-renewable
energy energy

58
 B Answer the questions below correctly. LS 7.2.2 LS 7.2.3 PL4 PL6

1 Why we are advice to use energy wisely?

2 The diagram below shows a few situations.

Suggest how to save the use of energy based on the situation above.

Traffic jam:

Use the air conditioner at the lowest temperature:

3 The diagram below shows the use of solar renewable energy.

Why the use of solar energy is very suitable for application in Malaysia?
Give your reason.

59
 THEME: Material Science

UNIT

8.1 Basic Sources of Materials

A Complete the mind map below with the basic source and
material used to make objects. LS 8.1.1 PL1

Basic source Materials

Plant 2

Animal 5

6
Material

7
Rocks
8

Petroleum
10

60
 B State the basic source for the following materials. LS 8.1.2 PL3

1 2

Basic source: Basic source:

Material: Material:

3 4

Basic source: Basic source:

Material: Material:

5 6

Basic source: Basic source:

Material: Material:

61
C State the basic source and materials for the following part of
chair. Then, give a reason why the materials is chosen.
LS 8.1.2 LS 8.1.3 PL2 PL3
3 23

1 (a) Basic source

(b) Material

(c) Reason

2 (a) Basic source 3 (a) Basic source

(b) Material (b) Material

(c) Reason (c) Reason

62
8.2 Properties of Materials
A Answer the questions below based on the following activity. LS 8.2.1 PL4
3
Jia Wei carry out an activity by placing three different materials in water.

Initial volume of Final volume of

Material
water (ml) water (ml)

X 100 100

Y 100 50

Z 100 30

1 Based on the volume above, what material absorbs water the most?

2 Based on the table above, what material is waterproof?

3 Predict materials X and Z.

X: ________________________________________________________

Z: ________________________________________________________

4 Give conclusion from this activity.

63
 B Answer the questions based on the activity carried out.
LS 8.2.1 PL4 PL6
3
You are given with the following materials. Design an activity based on the
following materials to investigate whether the materials sink or float in
water.

1 Draw the apparatus arrangement to carry out the activity.

2 Predict the result obtained from this activity.

Float Sink

64
 C Answer the questions below based on the activity carried out.
LS 8.2.1 PL4 PL5
An activity is carried out to study the ability of materials to conduct
electricity.

Material P

1 What observation can be obtained if material P conducts electricity?

2 Material P is replace with the following materials. State the observation

whether the bulb lights up or not.

Material Observation on bulb

(a) Cotton cloth

(b) Gold bracelet

(c) Paper clip

(d) Eraser

3 Object P is replaced with an iron nail. The bulb does not light up. What
inference can be made based on the observation?

65
 D Answer the question below based the activity carried out.
LS 8.2.1 PL4 PL5
3 3
Rajesh carried out an investigation to test the ability of materials to allow
light pass through it. Rajesh use wooden block, window glass and clear
plastic.

1 Predict the observation for this investigation.

Materials Observation

(a) Wooden block

(b) Glass block

(c) Clear plastic

2 State the variables involved.

(a) Fixed: _______________________________________________

(b) Responding: __________________________________________

3 What inference can be made in this investigation?

4 What material is suitable to be used as a door? Give a reason.

66
 E Answer the questions below based on the activity carried out.
LS 8.2.1 PL4 PL5
3
Three types of spoon is put inside a bowl filled with hot water. After 3
minutes, the end of the spoon is held.

Wooden spoon Iron spoon

Plastic spoon

1 Predict which spoon is the hottest when it is hold?

2 State an inference for your answer in 1.

F Answer the questions below based on the activity carried out.

LS 8.2.1 PL4 PL5
Syahid has a slingshot. But the string of his slingshot broken.

1 What material can be used to repair the slingshot? Tick (✔) on the correct
answer?

Rubber band Nylon Clothes

2 Give an inference for your answer in 1.

67
G Design an object by using the suitable materials. LS 8.2.2 LS 8.2.3 PL6
3

1 Design a face mask. The face mask designed must have 3 layers,
cannot allow water through it and allow the users to breathe.

2 Based on the face mask you designed, list the materials use to make
the face mask. Give reasons why you choose the materials.

Materials Reason

68
 THEME: Earth and Space

UNIT

9.1 Gravity of Earth

A Answer the questions below based on the activity carried out.
LS 9.1.1 PL1

Farris carried out an activity to study the effect of gravity. He tossed a ball
into the air as in the diagram below.

1 What is gravity?

2 What observation can be made about the ball?

3 What inference can be made based on the observation at 2?

4 What conclusion can be made based on this activity?

69
 B Carry out the activity below. Then, answer the following
questions. LS 9.1.2 LS 9.1.3 PL2 PL5

Each group is provided with a globe and thumbtacks. Stick the

thumbtacks at a few places on the globe. Thumbtacks must be placed at
the land area and not at the ocean. Then, rotate the globe and make
observation.

IMPORTANT!!
Be careful when carry
out this activity. Sharp
thumbtack can cause
injuries. Carry out this
activity under teacher’s
supervision.

1 What will happen to the thumbtacks when the globe rotates? Tick (✔) on
the correct answer.

Thumbtacks detached from the globe.

Thumbtacks remain at their position.

2 Give reasons for your answer in 1.

3 What is represented by thumbtacks in this activity?

4 Based on this experiment, what conclusion can be made?

70
9.2 Rotation and Revolution of the Earth
A Make a sketch to show the Earth revolve around the Sun in its
orbit and at the same time it rotates on its axis at the answer
space below. LS 9.2.1 PL5

B Choose the correct answer. LS 9.2.1 LS 9.2.2 PL1

3
1 Earth rotates on its (axis / orbit).

2 The duration of the Earth rotates on its axis is (24 hours / 1 year)

3 Earth rotates in (clockwise / anticlockwise) direction.

4 One complete revolution of the Earth around the (Moon / Sun) takes
(1 month / 1 year).

5 Earth revolve around the (Sun / Earth) in (anticlockwise / anticlockwise)

direction.

6 In conclusion,Earth rotates on its (orbit / axis) and at the same time

revolve in its (orbit / planet) around the (Sun / Moon).

71
 C State the effects of rotation of Earth based on the following
situation. LS 9.2.3 PL3
3

Sunset Noon Sunset

2

Evening Afternoon Morning

72
 D An activity is carried out to study the effect of rotation of the
Earth. Follow the following procedure and answer the questions
below. LS 9.2.3 LS 9.2.4 PL4 PL5
3

Procedure:
1. Bulb is turned on and it is pointed towards globe. Make an observation
2. The globe is rotated slowly from the left to the right making the position
of P is at the right side and the position of Q is on the left side. Make an
observation.

1 What is the purpose of this activity??

2 What observation can be made from this activity?

Before rotated, P (a) ________________ while Q (b) _________________.

After being rotated, P (c) _______________ while Q (d) ______________.

3 What conclusion can be made from this activity?

4 What is represented by bulb?

73
 D Fill in the blanks with the correct answer about direction and
length of shadow. LS 9.2.3 PL5
3
1 N

West East

Time: _____________
Reason: Sun is at the _________________ and shadow is
_____________ than object.

2 N

West East

Time: _____________
Reason: Sun is at the _________________ and shadow is
_____________ than object.

3
N

West East

Time: _____________
Reason: Sun is at the _________________ and shadow is more
_____________ than object.

74
 E Carry out the simulation activity below. LS 9.2.3 PL6

You are provided with the materials below.

Screw and
2 different size of nut Used box /
polystyrene ball cardboard

Procedure:
1. Design a simulation of rotation and revolution of the Earth around the
Sun as in the diagram below.

Sun

Earth

2. Make sure the model built can be rotated and revolve around the Sun.
3. Based on the model you built, discuss in your group about the effect of
rotation of the Earth on its axis and the revolution of the Earth around
the Sun.
4. Present the result of your discussion in front of the class.

75
 THEME: Technology and Sustainability of Life

UNIT

10.1 Lever
A Label fulcrum, force and load on the machine below. LS 10.1.1 PL1

(a) (b)

(c)

2
(a)

(c)
(b)

3
(a)
(b)

(c)

76
 B Observed the following situation and answer the questions
below. LS 10.1.2 LS 10.1.3 PL3

Nathan tries to lift the load by using the concept of lever. He uses two
different methods as in the diagram below.

1 What is M?

Force Fulcrum Load

2 Between method F and G, which one can lift the load easier?

Method ______ is easier because use less _______________ to lift the

load.

3 What inference can be made based on this experiment?

4 Give a conclusion for this activity.

The ______________ the position of load with ______________,

the less ______________ is needed to lift the load.

77
10.2 Simple Machine and Complex Machine
A Name simple machine on the objects below. LS 10.2.1 PL1

1 2

3 4

5 6

78
 B State the simple machine based on the explanation correctly.
LS 10.2.1 PL1

1 Simple machine:
Tool with pointed end and it is used to stop
and cut object

2 Simple machine:
Grooved cylindrical that is use to unite two
parts of objects by rotating it

3 Simple machine:
Tool with jagged wheels

4
Simple machine:
Rod place on a fulcrum and use to lift or pry
up the load

5
Simple machine:
Surface that is tilted to connect between
two parts of different height

6 Simple machine:
Wheel that is connected to a rod name axle
used to rotating objects

7 Simple machine:
Used to lifting loads by allowing a rope to
pass through a grooved wheel

79
C Carry out the activity below individually. LS 10.2.1 LS 10.2.2 PL5
3
Procedure:
1. Each pupil is asked to bring 3 tools from home which are simple
machines.
2. Every pupil must present the tools in front of the class.
3. Other student are asked to guess the simple machine found in the
tools.
4. Pupil that can answer correctly will get a mark. Pupil who are unable to
answer correctly will get no mark.
5. At the end of activity, pupil with the highest mark will be the winner.

D Solve the problems in the following situation by using two or

three simple machines. LS 10.2.2 PL4

Cement need to be brought to the third floor. However, cement are heavy
and too hard to bring it to the third floor. Find a solution for the problem in
this situation by using two or more simple machine.

80
 E Answer the question below. LS 10.2.3 PL1

What is the meaning of complex machine?

F State the simple machine found in the following comples

machine. LS10.2.4 PL5

(a)
(c)

Can opener
(b)

(a) (c)

Door knob

(b)

81
G Answer the questions below with the correct answers.

List three advantages of inventing sustainable tools.

1. ________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________

2. ________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________

3. ________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________

H Carry out the activity below about complex machine.

Activity of Inventing Complex Machine

1. Carry out this activity individually.

2. By using used materials obtained in your house area, build a complex
machine.
3. Justify the model you build in the report as below.
4. Present the result of your invention in the form of Gallery Walk.

Invention report
Model: ___________________________________________________
Sketch of complex machine model:

List of simple machines found in the complex machine:

___________________________________________________________
Use of complex machine:
___________________________________________________________

82
 ANSWER

Unit 1 Scientific Skill G 1 fertile; wilted

1.1 Science Process Skill 2 fertile; get sunlight
A 1 (a) Sense of smell Wilted; did not get sunlight
(b) Sense of touch 3 sunlight
2 (a) Sense of sight 4 Tree A die because did not get water to
(b) Sense of hearing live.
3 (a) Sense of taste H 1 Iron nail attracted towards magnet but
(b) Sense of touch plastic bag are not attracted.
B 1 Tool: Ruler 2 Water inside the Petri dish will decreases
Sensory: Sight because evaporated.
2 Tool: Door bell I 1 Flour and sugar cannot be seen inside
Sensory: Hearing the water but sand can be seen in the
3 Tool: Perfume water.
Sensory: Smell 2 Flour and sugar are dissolves in water
C 1 Fish, Prawn, Crab, Squid while sand cannot dissolve in water.
2 Penguin, Snake, Chicken, Crocodile 3 Did not dissolve.
3 Prawn, Crab J 1 Height of candle
4 Fish, Squid 2
5 Penguin, Chicken Height of candle
6 Snake, Crocodile Time (minute)
(cm)
D 1  Can conduct electricity: Ion nail, 0 10.0
Paper clip, Iron spoon 1 8.5
 Cannot conduct electricity: Pencil, 2 7.0
Cloth, Box 3 5.5
2 Object can conduct electricity made 4 4.0
from iron // Object cannot conduct 3 1 cm
electricity are not made from iron 4 The longer the time, the shorter the
3 Object made from iron height of candle.
4 Key K 1 taller
E 1 3 kg 2 5.5 kg 2 increases
3 12 ml 4 53 ml 3 melting away
5 7.1 cm 6 2.9 cm 4 the height of the tree increases
F 1 L 1 Water in the Petri dish evaporate the
most / Water inside the measuring
cylinder evaporate the least.
2 Measuring cylinder, conical flask,
✔ beaker, Petri dish.
3

2 Measuring cylinder
3 Millilitre
4 [Pupil’s answer]
Name of
Height
friends

83
 4 Apparatus filled with water is left under Unit 2 Human
the sunlight and the volume of water is 2.1 Human Breathing
measured after 30 minutes. A 1 Nose
5 Evaporation of water is the volume of 2 Trachea
water left inside the apparatus after 30 3 Lungs
minutes. 4 (a) (b)
M 1 Volume of water in the beakers.
2 Absorption of water is the volume of
water left inside the beaker after the
materials is taken out from water.
3 (a) Type of materials immersed the
water.
(b) Volume of water left inside the
beaker. B 1 Oxygen 2 carbon dioxide
(c) Initial volume of water inside the C 1 entering; oxygen
beaker. 2 upwards; outwards
4 The higher the volume of water 3 coming out of; carbon dioxide
absorbed by material, the less volume of 4 downwards; inwards
water left inside the water. D 1  Low: Picnic, fishing
N 1 To carry out an investigation about the  Medium: Walking, stretching
size of shadow with distance of object  High: Exercise, skipping rope,
from lamp. kayaking
2 Is the distance of object from lamp 2 Because vigorous activity need more
affects the size of shadow? energy.
3 The farther the distance of object from 3 The more vigorous the activity, the
lamp, the smaller the size of shadow. higher the breathing rate.
4 (a) Distance of object from lamp 4 Can endanger themselves if done more
(b) Size of shadow than their ability.
(c) Distance of object from screen E 1 ✘ 2 ✔
5 Torchlight, long ruler, cylindrical object, 3 ✔ 4 ✘
cellophane tape, flip chart paper 5
6 1. Paste flip chart paper on a wall.
2. Put cylindrical object on a table. ✔
3. Point the torchlight towards the
cylindrical object.
4. Sketch the shape of shadow formed 2.2 Excretion and Defecation
on the flip chart paper. A 1 waste; the body
5. Repeat steps 3 and 4 by changing 2 faeces; anus
the distance between the lamp B
and the object. Urine
6. Record the result of the
investigation in form of table. Faeces
Excretion
7
Distance of Sweat
object from Size of shadow
Defecation
lamp (cm) Carbon dioxide
3 Big
6 Medium Water vapour
9 Small
8 The farther the distance of object from
C Organ: Lungs
lamp, the smaller the size of shadow
Excretion products:
formed.
 Carbon dioxide
 Water vapour

84
 Organ: Skin C 1 Give way to the ambulance that are in
Excretion product: an emergency to send the patient to
 Sweat hospital for immediate treatment.
2 Can estimate the temperature of tea
Organ: Kidney that are still hot. Prevent from drinking
Excretion product: the tea to avoid the mouth and tongue
 Urine from burning.
3 Prevent from eating the spoilt food.
Organ: Large intestine Eating spoilt food will make us sick.
Excretion product: D 1 Effect: Imaginary
 Faeces Consequence: Slow response
2 Effect: Causes drunk
D 1  Urinating Consequence: Slow response because
 Exhale sensory organ are
 Sweating disrupt
2  Remove waste so that it will not 3 Effect: Imaginary, unconscious,
become toxic to the body. addiction
 Control body temperature Consequence: Disruption of response,
3 Excretion: Kidney stone destroyed sensory organ
Defecation: Constipation
4 Excretion: Drink enough water Unit 3 Animals
Defecation: Eat a lot of vegetables and 3.1 Breathing Organ of Animals
fruits A 1 Lungs
2.3 Human Respond to Stimuli 2 Moist skin
A 1 changes 3 Gills
2 action 4 Spiracles
3 (a) Eyes B
(b) Ears Gills
(c) Tongue
(d) Skin
Moist skin
(e) Nose
B 1 Stimuli: Alarm clock went off
Sensory organ deria: Ears Lungs
Respond: Wake up from sleep
2 Stimuli: Smelly socks
Sensory organ: Nose Spiracles
Respond: Wash the socks
3 Stimuli: Spicy chilli C 1 Because frog and mudskipper has two
Sensory organ: Tongue breathing organs.
Respond: Stop from eating the chilli / 2 ✔ Lungs ✔ Moist skin
Drink water 3 Gills ✔ Moist skin
✔
4 Stimuli: A hot pot
Sensory organ: Skin 4 lungs; moist skin
Respond: Pull hand from the pot 5 moist skin; gills
5 Stimuli: Ball bouncing 6 Salamander//Caecilians
Sensory organ: Eyes 3.2 Vertebrates
Respond: Swing hand with racket to hit A 1 Animals with backbones
the ball 2 Animals without backbones

85
B Vertebrate Invertebrates Unit 4 Plants
4.1 Plants Responses towards Stimuli
Fish Dragonfly
A 1 Roots respond towards gravitational pull.
Zebra Snail 2 Observation: Shoot grow in the direction
Snake Centipede of sunlight.
Inference: Shoot respond towards
Crocodile Cockroach sunlight.
C 1 Birds 2 Reptiles 3 Observation: Shame plant (Mimosa
3 Amphibians 4 Mammals pudica) fold inwards when touched.
5 Fish Inference: Leaves of shame plant
D (Mimosa pudica) respond to touch.
1 Mammals 4 Observation: Roots grow in the direction
Breathing organ Lungs of water.
Reproduction Inference: Roots respond towards water.
Give birth
method B 1 Root and shoot of plant
Body covering Fine hair
2 Gravity and sunlight
Habitat Land
3 Root respond towards gravity while
Example of
Goat shoot respond towards sunlight.
animal
4 Part of plant: Root // Leaves
2 Reptiles
Stimuli: Water // Touch
Breathing organ Lungs
Reproduction C 1 Response: Flytrap leaves will snap shut
Lay eggs when there is a touch from the fly.
method
Body covering Scales or hard Conclusion: Leaves respond to touch.
skin 2 Response: Root will grow towards the
Habitat Mostly in land wet cotton.
Example of Conclusion: Plant respond towards
Snake
animal water.
3 Amphibians 3 Response: Shoots will grow slanted
Breathing organ Lungs and moist towards the light hole,
skin Conclusion: Shoot respond towards
Reproduction sunlight.
Lay eggs
method 4 Response: Root will grow downwards.
Body covering Moist skin Conclusion: Root respond towards
Habitat Land and water gravitational pull.
Example of 4.2 Photosynthesis
Frog
animal
A 1 Process carried out by plant to make its
4 Birds
own food.
Breathing organ Lungs
B 1 Sunlight
Reproduction
Lay eggs 2 Chlorophyll
method
Body covering Feathers 3 Carbon dioxide gas
Habitat Land 4 Water
Example of 5 Leaves
Eagle 6 Carbon dioxide
animal
5 Fish C 1 By eating plants and other animals.
Breathing organ Gills 2 By carry out the process of
Reproduction photosynthesis.
Lay eggs
method 3 Carbon dioxide + Water → Glucose +
Body covering Scales Oxygen
Habitat Water 4 At the parts of plant such as leaves,
Example of roots stem, seeds, fruits and flower.
Guppy
animal

86
 5 3 Fixed: Size of object
Responding: Size of shadow
4 The closer the distance between object
from the screen, the smaller the size of
 
shadow.
D 1 (a) Become the source of food to F 1 Shape of shadow is affected by the
human and animals. orientation of objects.
(b) Supply oxygen gas to human and 2 Set A Set B
animals.
(c) Absorb carbon dioxide gas to
maintain the balance or air
composition in the atmosphere.
2  Human and animals hard to 3 Orientation of object is affected by
breathe because there is no shadow.
oxygen. 5.2 Reflection of Light
 Food sources are cut off. A 1 reflected
Unit 5 Properties of Light B 1 Light can be reflected
5.1 Light Travels in a Straight Line 2 Torch
A 1 Light travels in a straight line
2 A: Light can be seen
B: Light cannot be seen
Mirror
3 Light travels in a straight line
4 Candle light cannot be seen 3 (a) reflected
B 1 Opaque (b) Incident ray
2 Translucent (c) Reflected ray
3 Transparent C 1 To see our self in front of the mirror.
C 2 As a safety measures because can see
No shadow vehicles coming from behind.
3 Can see and treat the inside of the
tooth that is hard to see.
4 Helps crew members to see objects on
Blurred
the surface of the sea from the inside of
shadow
submarine.
D Torch

Clear Reflected ray

shadow
D 1 Distance of object from the light source Incident ray Mirror
affect the size of shadow. E Importance of properties of light in daily
2 The size of shadow become smaller life:
when the distance between object and  Light travels straight so that light can be
light source increases. scattered throughout the area.
3 Constant: Size of object  Light can be reflected to see object at
Responding: Size of object blind spot area.
4 The farther the distance between the  Light can be refracted so that people
object and light source, the smaller the with sightedness can see objects clearly.
size of shadow. 5.3 Refracted of Light
E 1 Distance between object and screen A 1 Pencil looks bend inside the water.
affects the size of shadow. 2 Because light is refracted
2 Distance 3 Light can be refracted.
between 4
Size of shadow
object and 
screen
20 cm Large
10 cm Small

87
B 1 Light is refracted. 2 Install sound absorption material // Mow
2 (Arrow pointed to the left) the lawn at a suitable time // Put sign
3 Light can be refracted board to slow down vehicles at the
C Example of tool: camera, magnifying glass, residential.
telescope, binocular, spectacles, etc. Unit 7 Energy
D 1 7.1 Source and Form of Energy
A Energy is an ability to do work
Flip chart paper
B 1 Sun
Torch 2 Wind
Mirror 3 Water
4 Wave
5 Biomass
6 Fossil fuel
7 Nuclear
C 1 Water
2 Sunlight passing through rain droplets. 2 Fossil fuel
Sunlight that is a white light will be 3 Wind
refracted and scattered into seven 4 Sun
colours forming rainbow. 5 Biomass
3 Can see objects that are really small/ 6 Nuclear
really far. 7 Wind
Unit 6 Sound D 1 Heat energy
6.1 Sound 2 Solar energy
A 1 Blowing 3 Sound energy
2 Plucking 4 Chemical energy
3 Clapping 5 Kinetic energy
4 Bowing 6 Nuclear energy
5 Knocking 7 Potential energy
B 1 Rubber vibrates 8 Electrical energy
2 Sound is produced when rubber is 9 Light energy
plucked E 1 Electrical energy → Heat energy
C Sound moves in all direction 2 Heat energy → Light energy
D 1 Sound can be reflected 3 Potential energy → Kinetic energy
2 (a) Sound can be reflected 4 Electrical energy → Heat energy
(b) Detecting heart inside the patient’s 5 Chemical energy → Kinetic energy
body F 1 Chemical energy inside a telephone
(c) Bat//Dolphin. To detect obstacles or battery transform into electrical energy
predator as well as prey in a dark then transform into light energy, sound
area. energy and heat energy.
E 1 Beneficial. 2 Chemical energy inside the body of
Explanation: Alert about emergency Hong Ki transform into kinetic energy
situation then transform into heat energy.
2 Harmful 3 Potential energy inside the durian when
Explanation: Disturbing other people’s on the tree transform into chemical
studies energy and then, transform into sound
3 Harmful energy.
Explanation: Disturbing the sleep of G 1 Solar // Wind // Water // Waves //
babies and the public Biomass // Fossil fuel // Nuclear
4 Beneficial (Any two)
Explanation: Give an alert that the water 2 Washing machine: Electrical energy →
has boiled to avoid any accident. Kinetic energy
F 1 Renovation house when the neighbour is Calculator: Solar energy// Chemical
out for work // Inform the neighbour energy → Electrical energy
earlier before renovating the house so Microwaves: Electrical energy → Heat
that neighbour are prepare to avoid energy//Kinetic energy
from sound pollution. 3 Fan//Electrical cradle// Blender
4 created; destroyed; transformed

88
7.2 Renewable Energy and Non-renewable (c) Avoid the chair leg from slipping //
Energy Avoid floor from scratching
A Renewable energy: 8.2 Properties of Materials
 Sun A 1 Z
 Wave 2 X
 Water 3 X: Rain coat // Umbrella
 Biomass Z: Towel // Shirt
 Wind 4 Ability of materials to absorb water are
Non-renewable energy different.
 Coal B 1 Pupil’s answer
 Natural gas 2
 Nuclear Float Sink
 Petroleum Ball Nail
B 1 Some source of energy will be used up Pencil Coin
and will take a very long time to replace Plastic bottle Key
it // Reduce pollution // Reduce cost C 1 Bulb will light up
2  Traffic jam: Use public 2 (a) Does not light up
transportation//Car pool (b) Light up
 Use of air conditioner at the lowest (c) Light up
temperature: Use air conditioner at (d) Does not light up
the optimum temperature // Use 3 Bulb burnt // Wire are not connected
auto mode// Use at a very short properly // Battery are not connected to
period only the correct terminal // Battery are
3 Because Malaysia receives a lot of running out of its power
sunlight every year. D 1 (a) Shadow formed clearly
Unit 8 Materials (b) Shadow formed blurry
8.1 Basic Sources of Materials (c) No shadow are formed
A 1 Rubber tree 2 (a) Brightness of light
2 Tree (b) Formation of shadow
3 Cotton plant 3 Wooden block cannot penetrate light/
4 Sheep Opaque.
5 Cow Glass window penetrate some light //
6 Silk worm Translucent
7 Metal Clear plastic can penetrate light //
8 Soil Transparent
9 Plastic 4 Wooden block. Because blocking view
10 Synthetic cloth and light from the outside.
B 1 Basic source: Cotton plant E 1 Iron spoon
Material: Cotton 2 Because iron is a good heat conductor.
2 Basic source: Soil F 1 Rubber band ✔
Material: Clay 2 Rubber band can be stretch.
3 Basic source: Cow G 1 [Suitable pupil’s sketch]
Material: Cow skin 2  Cotton cloth.
4 Basic source: Petroleum Because: Soft on the skin
Material: Plastic  Synthetic cloth such as polyester.
5 Basic source: Soil Because: It does not absorbs water
Material: Sand  Compact cotton cloth.
6 Basic source: Petroleum Because: Trap dust and fine
Material: Synthetic cloth particles from entering into the
C 1 (a) Tree layers of face mask.
(b) Wood
(c) Make the chair stronger
2 (a) Cotton plant
(b) Cotton
(d) Provide comfort when sitting
3 (a) Petroleum // Rubber tree
(b) Plastic // Rubber

89
Unit 9 Earth Unit 10 Machine
9.1 Gravity of Earth 10.1 Lever
A 1 Force that pull objects towards the A 1 (a) Force
centre of Earth. (b) Fulcrum
2 Ball falls back down (c) Load
3 Force of attraction of the Earth pull the 2 (a) Fulcrum
ball to fall back down. (b) Load
4 Effect of force of attraction of the Earth (c) Force
pull objects downwards. 3 (a) Force
B 1 Thumbtacks remain at its positions. (b) Load
2 Because there is gravitational force of (c) Fulcrum
attraction B 1 Fulcrum
3 Buildings and lives on Earth 2 F; force
4 Force of attraction of the Earth causing 3 Little force is needed because the
objects on the Earth surface remain at position of fulcrum is closer to the load.
their position. 4 closer; fulcrum; force
9.2 Rotation and Revolution of the Earth 10.2 Simple Machine and Complex Machine
A [Suitable pupil’s sketch] A 1 Inclined plane
B 1 axis 2 Wheel and axle
2 24 hours 3 Lever
3 anticlockwise 4 Pulley
4 Sun; 1 year 5 Gear
5 Sun; anticlockwise 6 Wedge
6 axis; orbit; Sun 7 Screw
C 1 Occurrence of day and night B 1 Wedge
2 The Sun seems to change its position 2 Screw
3 Changes in length and direction of the 3 Gear
shadow 4 Lever
D 1 To investigate the effects of rotation of 5 Inclined place
the Earth on the occurrence of day and 6 Wheel and axle
night 7 Pulley
2 (a) bright D Cement can be transported by using wheel.
(b) dark Wheelbarrow has simple machine of lever.
(c) dark On the wheel of the wheelbarrow has a
(d) bright simple machine of wheel and axle. Cement
3 The rotation of the Earth causing the can be lift to the floor 3 by using an elevator
occurrence of day and night that has simple machine of pulley. Cement
4 Sun can also be transported to the upper floor by
D 1 11 a.m.; east; short using a simple machine of inclined plane.
2 6 p.m.; west; long E Tools that made up of a combination of
3 12 p.m.; above; short more than one simple machine
F 1 (a) Wheel and axle
(b) Gear
(c) Lever
2 (a) Screw
(b) Inclined plane
(c) Wheel and axle
G 1 Long lasting
2 Give no side effects to the environment
3 Easy and safe to use
H Student answer

90