Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Regional Office IX, Zamboanga Peninsula

10
Science Grade 10
Quarter 4 – Module 4 and 5

TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTION

Name of Learner:

Grade & Section :

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Module
4 and 5
TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTION

What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written to understand the different

chemical changes and evidence of chemical changes and to apply the
principles of conservation of mass to chemical reactions S10MT-IVe-g-23 that
involved biological and industrial processes affecting life and the environment.

To start with, imagine the everyday observations you have like burning
a candle, the ripening of fruits, burning fuel, and cooking of food are some of
the many examples of chemical reactions in our daily lives. All the changes
that take place have a significant effect on our environment and consequently
on to our health.

After going through this modules, you are expected to:

1. Identify the evidence of chemical reaction;

2. Write the chemical equation and identify the reactant and the
product; and
3. Differentiate the types of a chemical reactions.

You have experienced different chemical reactions without actually

realizing it. Yet an understanding of chemical change will help you appreciate
more the role of chemistry in our lives.
 What’s In 10
How far I know?
Direction: MULTIPLE CHOICE: Encircle the correct answer
1. During a chemical reaction,
a. atoms are destroyed c. elements are destroyed
b. atoms are rearranged d. new elements are produced 2. A chemical
reaction is a process in which
a. all reactants change state
b. the law of conservation of mass applies
c. products change into reactants
d. all of these
3. What determines an atom’s ability to undergo chemical reactions?
a. protons c. innermost electrons
b. neutrons d. outermost electrons
4. An ionic bond is formed between
a. one metal atom and one metalloid atom
b. one metal atom and one non-metal atom
c. two metal atoms
d. two non-metal atoms
5. What are the products in the equation below?
Zn + CuSO4 →ZnSO4 +Cu
a. Zn and Cu c. ZnSO4 and Cu
b. Zn and CuSO4 d. Zn only
6. Which of the solid does not contain a covalent bond
a. Copper c. Ice
b. Diamond d. Graphite
7. What are the reactants in this chemical equation?
6CO2 + C6H12O6→6CO2 + 6H2O + ENERGY a. CO2 +
H2O c. 6CO2 + C6H12O6
b. O2 + CO2 d. C6H12O6 + H2O
8. The ionization energy
a. generally increases from left to right in a period
b. does not change in a period
c. increase from top to bottom in a group
d. does not change in a group
9. Which of the following will have the highest value of electron negativity
a. F b. Cl c. Br d. I
10. When does covalent bonding takes place?
a. When atoms attain stability
b. When atoms collide with one another
c. When the attraction between atoms is strong
d. When atom share electrons with one another

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 What’s New 10

Activity 1: SEE ME RIGHT!

Directions: Distinguish the evidence of chemical change observed in

the following reaction and write only the letter.

a. production of light
b. evolution of gas
c. change in intrinsic property

d. temperature change
e. formation of a precipitate

1. Souring of milk
2. Burning of wood
3. Browning of leaf
4. When antacid is added into a glass of
water, bubbles are formed
5. When sulfuric acid is added into
water, the temperature rises.

Activity 2: Match Me
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Direction: Match the symbol to its meaning. Write only the LETTER of the correct answer in your
answer sheet.

Symbols Meaning
1. → A. Indicates a gaseous reactant or product
2. + B. Indicates a liquid reactant or product.
3. g C. indicates the reactant or product is an aqueous solution
4. s D. Means react with or combined with
5. l E. Means to yield or to produce
6. aq F. Precipitate is formed.
7. ppt. G. Indicates a solid reactant or product
8. ↑ H. Delta heat
9. ↔ I. Gas evolved
10. ∆ j. Reversible reaction

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Activity 3: WHAT’S IN A REACTION?
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Directions: Fill the empty boxes below by writing the symbol or formula of
the product and reactant using the given statement below:

Example: Iron`(Fe) reacts copper sulfate (CuSO4) and forms iron (II) sulfate (FeSO4)
and copper (Cu).

1.
Magnesium (Mg) combines with Oxygen gas (O2) to produce
magnesium oxide (MgO)

2.
Hydrochloric acid (2HCl) and magnesium (Mg) react to
produce hydrogen gas (H2) and magnesium salt (MgCl2).

3.
Acetic acid (CH3COOH) and sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3)
produce sodium acetate (CH3COONa) with the release of carbon dioxide
(CO2) gas and water.

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 4.
Copper sulfate (CuSO4) reacts the sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to
produce insoluble copper (II) hydrogen Cu(OH)2 and sodium sulfate
(Na2SO4) solution.
5.
Copper Oxide (CuO) with hydrochloric acid (2HCl) to produce
a green solution of copper chloride (CuCl2) and water
(H2O)
Table 1: REACTANTS AND PRODUCTS

REACTION REACTANT Product

Example S
FeSo4 + Cu
1. Fe + CuSo4
2.
3.
4.
5.

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Activity 4: Describe Me
Directions: Identify the type of chemical reaction shown below. Choose only the
letter of your answer.

a. Combination Reaction d. Double Displacement

b. Decomposition Reaction e. Combustion (Burning) Reaction
c. Single Displacement f. Acid- Base Reaction

1.

2.

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2012 Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc.

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 Science Teachers Guide
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3.

4.

[Link]

5.

Science Teachers Guide

6.

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 What is it
When a physical change occurs, there is no breaking and
forming of bonds. Certain things will help us identify if a chemical
reaction has taken place. While in chemical change, new substances are
formed. For this to occur, the substance breaks chemical bonds, and the
atoms compose them separately and rearrange to create a new substance
with new chemical bonds. We call these evidence of chemical reactions. A
chemical reaction is usually accompanied by physical effects such as the
emission of heat, the changes of color, the evolution of gas, a solid formed,
and sometimes a pungent smell. It is a change of a substance into a new
one that has a different identity. In other words, this evidence of chemical
reactions involves the following;
1. Production of light
2. Evolution of gas
3. Temperature change
4. Change in intrinsic properties
5. Formation of a precipitate
Oxygen is vital to life. One exciting reaction which involves oxygen is the
production of fire.

A fire has fascinated people for so long that the ancient people even
regarded it as one of the earliest elements. The fire was so important to
them, and they described it as an element that changes everything. The
earliest theory about burning was the Phlogiston theory. This theory
superseded scientific theory that postulated a fire-like feature called
Phlogiston within combustible bodies and released during combustion. This
theory superseded scientific theory that postulated a fire-like feature called
Phlogiston within combustible bodies and released during combustion.

∞ Johann Joachim Becher (1667), who proposed the first idea of

Phlogiston
∞ George Ernst Stahl (17th) attempted to explain chemical
processes of weight increase such as combustion and rusting,
now collectively known as oxidation.

∞ Antoine Lavoisier, through his careful observations from his

experiments debunked the phlogiston theory as he
discovered that instead of releasing a substance (phlogiston) a
material accurately burns as it reacts (uses) with oxygen. This
is now known as the Theory of Oxidation, and this is accepted
up to this day.

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 Phlogiston theory led to experiments that ultimately concluded
with the discovery of oxygen.
For burning to occur, three factors should be present in proper
conditions and proportions.

1. Fuel
2. Oxygen
3. Heat

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[Link]

WRITING A CHEMICAL EQUATION

A chemical equation represents a chemical reaction. In a chemical

equation, the reactants are written on the left, and the products are written on
the right. The coefficients next to the symbols of entities indicate the number of
moles of a substance produced or used in the chemical reaction. Chemical
Reaction is the process in which a chemical change takes place. A change where
the new substance is formed.

Parts of Chemical Equation

Symbol coefficient
subscript
2H2 + O2 → 2H2O formula
Reactants Products

A chemical equation is a chemist's shorthand for a chemical reaction. The

equation distinguishes between the reactants, the starting materials, and the
products resulting from the resulting substance/s. It shows the symbols or
formulas of the reactants and products, the phases (solid, liquid, gas) of these
substances, and the substances' ratio as they react.

Symbols used in Chemical Equation

There are other symbols used in writing a chemical equation:

Symbols and their Meanings

Symbol Meaning

+ To show a combination of reactants or products.

To produce; to form; to yield.

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 (s)- solid (l)- liquid (g)-gas (aq)-aqueous
(s), (l), (g), (aq) (substance is dissolved in water)
Reversible reaction

Heat This indicates that heat is supplied to the

reaction.
A formula is written above or below the yield
Pt The sign indicates its use as a catalyst or
solvent

Chemical reactions can be classified according to the following types:

A. COMBINATION/SYNTHESIS REACTION - reactants combine to form a

single product.
the general formula for this reaction is:

A + B ------ → AB

Mg + O2 → Mg2O2
B. DECOMPOSITION REACTION - in this reaction, a single reactant breaks
down into simpler ones. (2 or more products). This is the reverse of the
combination reaction. The general formula for this reaction is

AB------→ A + B

SO2 → S + O2

C. SINGLE DISPLACEMENT (Replacement) REACTION-this is when one

element replaces another element from a compound. The more active element
takes the place of the less active element in a compound. The general
formula for this reaction is:
A + BC------→ AC + B

2K + 2H2O → 2KOH + H

D. DOUBLE DISPLACEMENT REACTION (Metathesis) -this is when the

positive ions (cations) and negative ions (anions) of different compounds
switch places, forming two entirely different compounds. The general formula for
this reaction is:
AB + CD → AD + CB

AgNO3 + NaCl → AgCl + NaNO3

E. COMBUSTION (Burning) REACTION - this when oxygen combines

with a hydrocarbon to form water and carbon dioxide.

CH4(g) + 2 O2(g) → CO2(g) + 2 H2O(g)

F. ACID-BASE REACTION -this is a special kind of double displacement that

takes place when an acid and base react with each other.
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 HCl + NaOH--- -→ NaCl + H2O

HBr (aq)+KOH (aq)→H2O (l)+KBr (aq)

What’s More 12

Activity 5: My Reaction
Directions: From the given chemical equation, identify whether it is combination
reaction, decomposition reaction, single displacement reaction, double
displacement reaction, combustion reaction, an acid-base reaction.

Table 2: Chemical Equations

Chemical Equation Chemical Reaction
Fe + CuSO4 → Fe SO4 + Cu Example: Single Displacement

1. Al + O2 → Al2O3
2.
Fe + NaBr → FeBr3 +Na

3.
H2SO4 + NaOH → NaSO4+ H2O

4. C18H18 + O2 → CO2 + H2O

5.NiSO4 + LiPo4 → Ni3(PO4)2 + Li2SO4

6. NaNO3 → NaNO2 + O2

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 What I Have Learned
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Activity 6: Crossword Puzzle!
Directions: Answer the questions asked on each puzzle piece. Choose the right
word below.

combination phlogiston
Becher double combustion oxygen Stahl
Lavoisier single phlogiston
reaction combination

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 ACROSS DOWN
1. proposed the first idea of 2. it is a change where a new substance
the Phlogiston Theory is formed.

3. reaction in which 4. a kind of displacement in a chemical

substance reacts with the reaction in which one element is
oxygen gas, releasing energy replaced by another in a compound
in the form of light and heat

5. developed experimentally based

6. founder of the phlogiston theory of
theory of the chemical reactivity of compulsion
oxygen
7. it is a displacement reaction when
the positive and negative ions of
8. vital of life
different compounds switch places,
forming two different compounds.
9. a substance exists in all 10. reactants combine to form a single
combustible bodies, and to be released product
in combustion

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 What I Can Do
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Activity 7: We Simply Click Together

Directions: Given the chemical reaction, answer the following:

1.
Al + O2 → Al2O3
How many reactants were used
many product was formed

2.
NaNO3 → NaNO2 + O2
How many reactants were used
many product was formed

3.
AgNO3 + ZnPO4→ AgPO4 + ZnNo3
How many reactants were used
many product was formed

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Additional Activities
Activity 8: Let’s add more!
Direction: Choose the correct term that complete the statement.

1. A chemical reaction is a process in which one or more substances, also called

(products, reactants), are converted to one or more different
substances, known as ( products, reactants )

2. In a chemical equation, the reactants are written on the (right,

left) and the products are written on the (right, left)

3. In a combustion reaction substance reacts with (carbon

dioxide, oxygen ) gas, releasing energy in the form of light and heat.

4. A (single, double) displacement is a chemical reaction in which one

element is replaced by another in a compound.

5. In a chemical change, molecules of a substance ( arrange,

rearrange) to form a new substance with a different property.

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