GEOMETRY REVIEWER
Lesson 1:
Exterior Angle Theorem
➔ exterior angle - an angle that forms a linear pair with one of the
interior angles.
➔ remote interior angle - two interior angles that are not adjacent to
the exterior angle.
➔ the measure of an ex. angle is equal to the sum of two remote int.
angles - (ext. angle = int. angle + int. angle)
➔ every triangle has 6 interior angles, 2 at each vertex.
➔ the measure of ext. angle is larger than its remote int. Angles.
Lesson 2:
Triangle Angle Sum
➔ the sum of all interior angles is 180.
➔ (angle 1 + angle 2 + angle 3 = 180)
➔ the sum of interior angles is 180 degrees.
➔ all interior angles of a triangle are more than 0° but less than 180°.
Lesson 3:
Exterior Angle Sum - Inequality
➔ the measure of any exterior angle of a triangle is greater than
either of the opposite interior angles.
➔ the exterior angle and the adjacent interior angle are
supplementary.
➔ if yung hinahanap ay nasa loob, subtraction. if nasa labas,
addition.
➔ and if it's an algebraic expression, the exterior angle is always
seperated.
Lesson 4:
Triangle Inequality Theorem
➔ the triangle inequality theorem describes the relationship between
the three sides of a triangle. According to this theorem, for any
triangle, the sum of lengths of two sides is always greater than
the third side.
➔ is used to determine the possibility of drawing a triangle using
the given lengths of the triangle
➔ the sum of any two sides of a triangle is greater than or equal to the
third side; in symbols, a + b > c.
➔ in essence, the theorem states that the shortest distance between
two points is a straight line.
➔ positive difference < x < the sum of the given
➔ finding number of triangles:
◆ minus both then plus one (x - y = z + 1)
◆ plus both then minus one (x + y = t -1)
◆ then after, minus both and plus one. (t - z = h + 1)
➔ possible lengths of the whole figure:
◆ for abc, plus the given lengths, then minus the given lengths.
( x - y = f) ( x - y = i)
◆ same goes for the next side
◆ then after, put them all into a number line and find their
intersection.
➔ least perimeter of the triangle
➔ use the given lengths and trial and error.
Lesson 5:
Angle-Side Relationship
➔ the largest side is opposite the largest angle and vice versa
➔ the shortest side is opposite the smallest angle and vice versa
Lesson 6:
Pythagorean Theorem
➔ pythagoras theorem states that “in a right-angled triangle, the
square of the hypotenuse side is equal to the sum of squares of the
other two sides“.
➔ the sides of the right triangle are also called Pythagorean triples.
➔ In a right-angled triangle, the square of the hypotenuse side is
equal to the sum of squares of the other two sides
➔ c^2 = a^2 + b^2
Converse Pythagorean Theorem
➔ If the square of a side is equal to the sum of the square of the
other two sides, then triangle must be right angle triangle
➔ if the sides of a triangle have length, a, b and c and satisfy the given
condition a^2 + b^2 = c^2, then the triangle is a right-angle
triangle.
➔ a^2 + b^2 < c^2 = obtuse
➔ a^2 + b^2 > c^2 = acute
➔ a^2 + b^2 = c^2 = right
➔ if given is square root, make all the given side lengths into their
squared form and continue with the formula.
Right Triangle
➔ the sum of the squares of two shorter sides equals the square of
the longest side (hyp).
➔ √a^2 + b^2 = c^2 (where a and b are the legs and c is the hyp)
➔ (finding hypotenus)
1. square both legs
2. add them together
3. take the square root of the resul
4. then you have your hypotenuse.
➔ (finding the leg)
1. square the hypotenus and leg
2. subtract the leg squared from the hypotenuse squared
3. take the square root of the result
4. you have your missing leg
Pythagorean Triple
➔ the theorem states that in any right triangle, the square of the
hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two
legs of the right triangle.
➔ the integer solutions to the pythagorean theorem, containing
positive integers
➔ three sides a, b, c of any right triangle satisfy a^2 + b^2 = c^2.
Lesson 7:
Special Right Triangle
➔ (45-45-90)
◆ half triangle square, two sides that form the 90° degree angle
are the same length.
◆ isosceles right triangle. 1:1√2
◆ formula:
● hyp - √2(leg)
● leg - √2/2(hyp)
➔ (30-60-90)
◆ the hypotenus is twice as long as the shorter leg, and the
longer leg is √3 times as long as the shorter leg.
◆ the longer leg is opposite of the 60-degree sngle
◆ the shorter is opposite the 30-degree angle.
◆ formula:
● hyp - 2(shorter leg)
● longer leg - √3(shorter leg)
● shorter leg - hyp/2 or √3/3(longer leg)
Lesson 8:
Secondary Parts of a Triangle
1. Median
a. segment of a triangle whose endpoints are a vertex to the
midpoints of the opposite side.
b. a triangle has 3 medians, 1 at each endpoint.
c. the point of concurrency is called the centroid of the triangle
and is only inside the triangle.
d. if P is the centroid of ∆ABC then
i. AP = 2/3 AD
ii. BP = 2/3 BF
iii. CP = 2/3 CE
2. Alitude
a. the perpendicular segment from a vertex to the opposite
side or to the line that contains the opposite side.
b. every triangle has 3 altitudes.
c. the point of concurrency is called the orthrocenter and it can
be inside, outside, or on the triangle.
3. Angle Bisector
a. a line that divides the triangle into three congruent angles.
b. the point of 3 angle bisectors is called the incenter and it
always lies inside the triangle.
c. is equidistant from the sides of the triangle.
4. Perpendicular Bisector
a. a line that is perpendicular to a side of the triangle at the
midpoint of the side.
b. point of concurrency is called the circumcenter and it can be
inside, on the triangle, or outside the triangle.