No.
of Printed Pages : 12 BMTC-134
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (GENERAL)
(BSCG/BAG)
Term-End Examination
June, 2022
BMTC-134 : ALGEBRA
Time : 3 hours Maximum Marks : 100
Note : This question paper has three sections – A, B and
C. All questions in Section A and Section B are
compulsory. In Section C, do any five questions
out of six questions. Use of calculators is not
allowed.
SECTION A (20 Marks)
1. Which of the following statements are True or
False ? Give reasons for your answer. 102=20
(a) ℝ has a non-trivial subgroup of finite order.
(b) Every non-empty subset of ℤ has a least
element.
(c) ℤmn ℤm ℤn, as groups, where m, n ℕ.
BMTC-134 1 P.T.O.
(d) If G is a cyclic group, then it is isomorphic to
each of its proper non-trivial subgroups.
(e) Every ideal of the ring (R, +, .) is a normal
subgroup of (R, +).
(f) If S is a subring of a commutative ring R,
then S must be an ideal of R.
(g) If R is a field and M is a maximal ideal of R,
then (R/M) R.
(h) If R is an integral domain, then so is 𝕄2(R).
(i) The set of integrable functions from ℝ to ℝ is
a commutative ring w.r.t. pointwise addition
and composition of functions.
(j) If (R, +, .) is a ring, then (R, +) and (R, .) are
semigroups.
BMTC-134 2
SECTION B (30 Marks)
2. (a) Construct the Cayley table for the set
F = {f1, f2, f3} w.r.t. the composition of
maps, where the elements of F are
functions from ℝ {0, 1} to ℝ, defined as
below :
x –1
f1(x) = , f2(x) = x,
x
1
f3(x) = xℝ {0, 1}
1–x
Hence, check whether (F, .) is a group or
not. 8
(b) For n ℕ, is ℤn a subring of ℤ ? Give reasons
for your answer. 2
3. (a) Let I be an ideal of a commutative ring R.
Prove that
I = {x R|xn I for some n ℕ} is an
ideal of R.
Further, show that if R is a ring with unity
and I = R, then I = R. 5
BMTC-134 3 P.T.O.
(b) Define a relation ‘’ on 𝕄2(ℝ) by ‘‘A B if
and only if det(A) = k det(B) for some k ℝ*.’’
Check whether or not ‘’ is an equivalence
relation. If it is, find the equivalence class of
1 2
A .
– 1 – 2
If ‘’ is not an equivalence relation, define
another relation on 𝕄2(ℝ) which is an
equivalence relation. 5
4. (a) Let G be a group and let H be a normal
subgroup of G. Show that if G/H is cyclic,
then G need not be abelian. 3
(b) Let
0,
if is even
: Sn ℤ2 : () =
1, if is odd
where n 3.
Show that is a group homomorphism.
Also find a non-trivial element of ker . 4
(c) Check whether or not
12 – 3x2 – 9x4 + 25x5 is irreducible in
ℚ[x]. 3
BMTC-134 4
SECTION C (50 Marks)
Answer any five questions :
5. (a) Let G be a group and g G. Use the
Fundamental Theorem of Homomorphism
to prove that ℤ < 12 > is isomorphic to < g >
if and only if g is of order 12. 7
(b) Is every prime ideal in a finite
communicative ring with unity a maximal
ideal ? Give reasons for your answer. 3
6. (a) Let D be an integral domain, and let K and
L both be fields of fractions of D. Then
prove that K = L. 3
(b) Consider the ring R = ℚ[x], and its ideal
I = < x2 – x >. Find an idempotent in R/I
– –
other than 0 or 1 . 3
(c) Let G be a group and Aut G. Let
H = {g G | (g) = g}.
Check whether or not H is a subgroup of G.
If it is, then must H be normal in G ? If H
is not a subgroup of G, give a proper
normal subgroup of Aut ℤ. 4
7. (a) Find all possible group homomorphisms
from ℤ8 to ℤ12. 6
(b) Find all the proper ideals of ℤ 30ℤ. Further,
which of these are maximal ideals and why ? 4
BMTC-134 5 P.T.O.
8. (a) Let F be a field, F* = F {0} and F = F {1}.
Define on F by a b = a + b – ab. Show
that (F, ) is a group, and that this group is
isomorphic to (F*, .) 7
(b) Give an example, with justification, of a ring
R which is not an integral domain and in
which every ideal is a principal ideal. 3
9. (a) Let R = ℤ[i] and I = nR, where n ℤ*. Show
that a + ib I if and only if n|a and n|b.
Further, show that R/I is a finite ring. 6
(b) Find Z(D12). Also find two distinct right
cosets of Z(D12) in D12. 4
10 (a) Let G be an infinite group such that for any
non-trivial subgroup N of G, |G : N| < .
Prove that if H G, then H = {e} or H is
infinite.
Further, prove that if x is a non-trivial
element of G, then O(x) is infinite. 5
(b) Use the Euclidean algorithm to find the
g.c.d. of x4 + x + 1 and x2 + 1 in ℚ[x]. 3
(c) Give an example, with justification, of an
element of S7 with order 12. 2
BMTC-134 6
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AgË` ? AnZo CÎma H$m H$maU Xr{OE & 102=20
(H$) ℝ H$m EH$ n[a{_V H$mo{Q> dmbm AVwÀN> Cng_yh h¡ &
(I) ℤ Ho$ àË`oH$ A[aº$ Cng_wƒ` _| Ý`yZV_ Ad`d
hmoVm h¡ &
(J) g_yhm| Ho$ ê$n _|, ℤmn ℤm ℤn, Ohm± m, n ℕ.
BMTC-134 7 P.T.O.
(K) `{X G EH$ MH«$s` g_yh h¡, Vmo `h AnZo àË`oH$
C{MV AVwÀN> Cng_yhm| Ho$ Vwë`mH$mar h¡ &
(L>) db` (R, +, .) H$s àË`oH$ JwUOmdbr (R, +) H$m
àgm_mÝ` Cng_yh h¡ &
(M) `{X S EH$ H«$_{d{Z_o` db` R H$m EH$ Cndb` h¡,
Vmo S, R H$s EH$ JwUOmdbr hmoJr hr &
(N>) `{X R EH$ joÌ h¡ Am¡a M, R H$s EH$ C{ƒîR>
JwUOmdbr h¡, Vmo (R/M) R.
(O) `{X R EH$ nyUmªH$s` àm§V h¡, Vmo 𝕄2(R) ^r EH$
nyUmªH$s` àm§V h¡ &
(P) ℝ go ℝ VH$ g_mH$bZr` \$bZm| H$m g_wƒ`, q~Xþe:
`moJ\$b Am¡a \$bZm| Ho$ g§`moOZ Ho$ gmnoj, EH$
H«$_{d{Z_o` db` h¡ &
(Äm) `{X (R, +, .) EH$ db` h¡, Vmo (R, +) Am¡a (R, .)
gm{_g_yh h¢ &
BMTC-134 8
^mJ> I (30 A§H$)
2. (H$) \$bZm| (à{V{MÌU) Ho$ g§`moOZ Ho$ gmnoj, g_wƒ`
F = {f1, f2, f3} Ho$ {bE Ho$br gmaUr ~ZmBE,
Ohm± F Ho$ Ad`d ℝ {0, 1} go ℝ na {ZåZ àH$ma
n[a^m{fV \$bZ h¢ :
x –1
f1(x) = , f2(x) = x,
x
1
f3(x) = xℝ {0, 1}
1–x
Bg àH$ma, Om±M H$s{OE {H$ (F, .) g_yh h¡ `m Zht & 8
(I) n ℕ Ho$ {bE, Š`m ℤn, ℤ H$m Cndb` h¡ ? AnZo
CÎma Ho$ H$maU Xr{OE & 2
3. (H$) _mZ br{OE I EH$ H«$_{d{Z_o` db` R H$s EH$
JwUOmdbr h¡ & {gÕ H$s{OE {H$
I = {x R| {H$gr n ℕ Ho$ {bE xn I},
R H$s EH$ JwUOmdbr h¡ &
AmJo, `h ^r {XImBE {H$ `{X R EH$ VËg_H$s
db` h¡ Am¡a I = R, Vmo I = R. 5
BMTC-134 9 P.T.O.
(I) ‘‘A B `{X Am¡a Ho$db `{X {H$gr k ℝ* Ho$ {bE
det(A) = k det(B)’’ Ûmam 𝕄2(ℝ) na g§~§Y ‘’
n[a^m{fV H$s{OE & Om±M H$s{OE {H$ ‘’ EH$ Vwë`Vm
g§~§Y h¡ `m Zht & `{X h¡, Vmo
1 2
A
– 1 – 2
H$m Vwë`Vm dJ© kmV H$s{OE & `{X ‘’ Vwë`Vm g§~§Y
Zht h¡, Vmo 𝕄2(ℝ) na EH$ AÝ` g§~§Y n[a^m{fV
H$s{OE Omo EH$ Vwë`Vm g§~§Y hmo & 5
4. (H$) _mZ br{OE G EH$ g_yh h¡ Am¡a H, G H$m EH$
àgm_mÝ` Cng_yh h¡ & {XImBE {H$ `{X G/H MH«$s`
h¡, Vmo G H$m Am~obr hmoZm Amdí`H$ Zht h¡ & 3
(I) _mZ br{OE
0, `{X g_ h¡
: Sn ℤ2 : () =
1, `{X {df_ h¡,
Ohm± n 3 h¡ &
{XImBE {H$ EH$ g_yh g_mH$m[aVm h¡ & gmW hr,
ker H$m EH$ AVwÀN> Ad`d kmV H$s{OE & 4
(J) Om±M H$s{OE {H$ 12 – 3x2 – 9x4 + 25x5, ℚ[x] _|
AI§S>Zr` h¡ `m Zht & 3
BMTC-134 10
^mJ> J (50 A§H$)
{H$Ýht nm±M àíZm| Ho$ CÎma Xr{OE &
5. (H$) _mZ br{OE G EH$ g_yh h¡ Am¡a g G.
g_mH$m[aVm Ho$ _yb^yV à_o` H$m à`moJ H$aHo$ {gÕ
H$s{OE {H$ ℤ < 12 >, < g > Ho$ Vwë`mH$mar h¡, `{X
Am¡a Ho$db `{X g H$s H$mo{Q> 12 h¡ & 7
(I) Š`m {H$gr n[a{_V VËg_H$s H«$_{d{Z_o` db` H$s
àË`oH$ A^mÁ` JwUOmdbr EH$ C{ƒîR> JwUOmdbr
hmoVr h¡ ? AnZo CÎma Ho$ H$maU Xr{OE & 3
6. (H$) _mZ br{OE D EH$ nyUmªH$s` àm§V h¡, Am¡a _mZ
br{OE K Am¡a L XmooZm| D Ho$ {d^mJ joÌ h¢ & V~
{gÕ H$s{OE {H$ K = L. 3
(I) db` R = ℚ[x] Am¡a BgH$s JwUOmdbr
–
I = < x2 – x > na {dMma H$s{OE & R/I _| 0 `m
–
1 go AbJ EH$ dJ©g_ Ad`d kmV H$s{OE & 3
(J) _mZ br{OE G EH$ g_yh h¡ Am¡a Aut G. _mZ
br{OE H = {g G | (g) = g}.
Om±M H$r{OE {H$ H, G H$m Cng_yh h¡ `m Zht & `{X
h¡, Vmo Š`m H, G _| àgm_mÝ` hmoJm hr ? `{X H, G
H$m Cng_yh Zht h¡, Vmo Aut ℤ H$m EH$ C{MV
àgm_mÝ` Cng_yh Xr{OE & 4
7. (H$) go ℤ12 VH$ g^r g§^d g_yh g_mH$m[aVmE± kmV
ℤ8
H$s{OE & 6
(I) ℤ 30ℤ H$s g^r C{MV JwUOmd{b`m± kmV H$s{OE &
AmJo, BZ_| go H$m¡Z-gr C{ƒîR> JwUOmd{b`m± h¢ Am¡a
Š`m| ? 4
BMTC-134 11 P.T.O.
8. (H$) _mZ br{OE F EH$ joÌ h¡, F* = F Am¡a
{0}
F = F {1}. a b = a + b – ab Ûmam F na
g§{H«$`m n[a^m{fV H$s{OE & {XImBE {H$ (F, )
EH$ g_yh h¡, Am¡a `h g_yh (F*, .) Ho$ Vwë`mH$mar
h¡ & 7
(I) nwpîQ> g{hV, EH$ Eogo db` R H$m CXmhaU Xr{OE
Omo EH$ nyUmªH$s` àm§V Z hmo Am¡a {OgH$r àË`oH$
JwUOmdbr _w»` JwUOmdbr hmo & 3
9. (H$) _mZ br{OE R = ℤ[i] Am¡a I = nR h¡, Ohm± n ℤ*.
{XImBE {H$ a + ib I `{X Am¡a Ho$db `{X n|a
Am¡a n|b. AmJo, {XImBE {H$ R/I EH$ n[a{_V db`
h¡ & 6
(I) Z(D12) kmV H$s{OE & gmW hr, D12 _| Z(D12) Ho$
Xmo {^Þ-{^Þ X{jU ghg_wƒ` kmV H$s{OE & 4
10. (H$) _mZ br{OE G EH$ Eogm An[a{_V g_yh h¡ {H$ G Ho$
{H$gr ^r AVwÀN> Cng_yh N Ho$ {bE |G : N| < .
{gÕ H$s{OE {H$ `{X H G, Vmo H = {e} `m
H An[a{_V h¡ &
AmJo, {gÕ H$s{OE {H$ `{X x, G H$m EH$ AVwÀN>
Ad`d h¡, Vmo O(x) An[a{_V h¡ & 5
(I) `ypŠbS>r` EoëJmo[aX²_ H$m à`moJ H$aHo$ ℚ[x] _|
x4 + x + 1 Am¡a x2 + 1 H$m g.c.d. kmV H$s{OE & 3
(J) S7 Ho$ EH$ H$mo{Q> 12 dmbo Ad`d H$m, nwpîQ> g{hV,
CXmhaU Xr{OE & 2
BMTC-134 12