RAPID ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT

ASSESSMENT REPORT
for
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic
Organic Resin Manufacturing Unit

KRISHNA CHEMICALS
Plot No.1703/4, Phase-IV,
GIDC, Vitthal Udyog Nagar
Ta. & Dist.: Anand- 388121
TOR No. SIA/GJ/118107/2022, dated 0/07/2022
STUDY PERIOD : MARCH – MAY 2022
Baseline carried out by NABL approved Lab:
ADITYA ENVIRON, VAPI

Prepared By

Enviro Fluid Consultants

Office 205, Ganesh Glory, Nr. BSNL office, S. G. Highway, Jagatpur,
Ahmedabad-382481, Gujarat
Email: envirofluidconsultants@[Link], [Link]@[Link]

NABET accredited Certificate No. NABET/EIA/2124/IA

0090, valid up to 25/11/2024.

August , 2022
 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

INDEX
Page
Details
No.
Chapter-1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Preamble 1.1
1.2 Purpose of the EIA report 1.1
1.3 Identification of project and project proponent 1.2
Brief Description of Nature, Size, Location of the Project and Its
1.4 1.2
Importance to the Country, Region
1.5 Scope of the Study 1.3
1.6 Regulatory Framework 1.14
1.7 Structure of EIA 1.16
Chapter-2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
2.1 Introduction 2.1
2.2 Type of project 2.1
2.3 Need for the project 2.1
2.4 Project cost 2.2
2.5 Location of the project site 2.2
2.5.1 Land requirement details 2.5
2.5.2 Plant Layout 2.6
2.5.3 Environmental settings 2.7
2.6 Size or magnitude of operation 2.7
2.6.1 Products and Production Capacities 2.7
2.6.2 Raw Materials Requirement 2.8
2.7 Proposed schedule for approval and implementation 2.9
2.8 Manufacturing process 2.10
2.9 Plant Infrastructure and Basic requirements 2.15
2.9.1 List of Plant Machineries 2.15
2.9.2 Water requirement 2.15
2.9.3 Power requirement 2.18
2.9.4 Fuel requirement 2.18
2.9.5 Manpower requirement 2.18
2.10 Emission, Effluent Generation & Waste Generation With Control System 2.19
2.10.1 Air Emission 2.19
2.10.2 Effluent generation and its management 2.19

Index i
 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

2.10.3 Details of Hazardous Waste Management 2.20

Safety & Occupational Measure For Storage & Handling of The Raw
2.11 2.21
Material & Product
2.11.1 Storage & Handling of Hazardous Chemicals 2.21
2.11.2 Vessel and other Equipment related 2.22
2.11.3 Fire related 2.22
2.11.4 Electrical related 2.22
2.11.5 Safety related 2.22
2.11.6 Noise level and control system 2.22
2.11.7 Control of fugitive emission 2.22
2.12 Details of surrounding industries 2.23
Chapter-3 DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT
3.1 Introduction 3.1
3.2 Methodology 3.1
3.3 Hydro-geology of the study area 3.3
3.4 Topography 3.6
3.5 Land use 3.8
3.6 Seismicity of the study area 3.10
3.7 Climate of the region 3.10
3.7.1 Site Specific Meteorology 3.10
3.7.2 Wind Rose 3.11
3.8 Ambient air quality 3.13
3.9 Noise environment 3.22
3.10 Water quality 3.25
3.10.1 Ground water sampling 3.26
3.10.2 Surface water sampling 3.30
3.11 Soil environment 3.36
3.12 Biological environment 3.41
3.13 Socioeconomic environment 3.45
3.14 Traffic Study 3.58
Chapter-4 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES
4.1 Identification of impact 4.1
4.2 Valued environmental components and potential impacts 4.1
4.3 Potential impacts and mitigation measures during construction phase 4.2
4.4 Potential impacts and mitigation measures during operation phase 4.4

4.4.1 Air Environment 4.5

Index ii
 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

4.4.2 Noise Environment 4.12

4.4.3 Water Environment 4.13
4.4.4 Land Environment 4.13
4.4.5 Socio-Economic Environment 4.14
4.4.6 Ecology and Biodiversity 4.15
4.4.7 Odour Problem 4.15
4.4.8 Overall Impact Analysis 4.16
Carbon Foot Print, Greenhouse Gas Inventorization and Carbon 4.16
4.5
Sequence
4.5.1 Greenhouse Gas Inventorization 4.16
4.5.2 Methodology for Estimation of GHG Emissions: 4.18
4.5.3 Carbon Sequestration study report and proposed mitigation measures: 4.19
4.6 Water Footprint 4.19
4.6.1 Life- cycle Assessment of Water use 4.20
4.6.2 Green Chemistry 4.21
Chapter-5 ANALYSIS OF ALTARNATIVES
5.1 Introduction 5.1
5.2 Analysis of site Alternative 5.1
5.3 Alternative for technologies 5.1
Chapter-6 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM
6.1 Environmental monitoring program 6.1
6.2 Objectives of monitoring 6.1
6.3 Environmental monitoring program 6.1
6.4 Infrastructural Requirement for Monitoring 6.2
6.5 Environmental Management Cell 6.2
6.6 Data Analysis, Documentation & Reporting 6.3
Chapter-7 ADDITIONAL STUDIES
7.1 Risk Assessment 7.1
7.1.1 Objective of the Study 7.2
7.1.2 Hazard identification 7.3
7.1.3 Ways to minimize the manual handling of the hazardous chemicals 7.3
Action Plan for Consumption, Storage & Transportation of Hazardous
7.1.4 7.3
Chemicals
7.2 Disaster Management Plan 7.11
7.2.1 Disasters 7.11
7.2.2 Objectives of Disaster Management Plan 7.11

Index iii
 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

7.2.3 Emergencies 7.12

a) General, Industrial, Emergencies 7.12
b) Specific Emergencies Anticipated 7.12
7.2.4 Emergency Organization 7.14
7.2.5 Emergency Communication 7.14
7.2.6 Emergency Responsibilities 7.15
7.2.7 Emergency Facilities 7.18
7.2.8 Emergency Actions 7.20
a) Emergency Warning 7.20
b) Emergency Shutdown 7.20
c) Evacuation of Personnel 7.20
d) All Clear Signal 7.20
7.2.9 General 7.21
a) Employee Information 7.21
b) Public Information and Warning 7.21
c) Co-ordination with Local Authorities 7.21
d) Mutual Aid 7.21
e) Mock Drills 7.21
f) Important Information 7.22
7.2.10 Off-Site Emergency Preparedness Plan 7.22
a) Introduction 7.22
b) Aspects Proposed to be considered in the Off-Site Emergency Plan 7.24
c) Role of the Emergency Coordinating Officer 7.25
d) Role of the Local Authority 7.25
e) Role of Police 7.25
f) Role of Fire Authorities 7.25
g) Role of Health Authorities 7.26
h) Role of Government Safety Authority 7.26
i) Personal Protective Equipment 7.26
7.2.11 Contact numbers of district administration in case of emergency 7.28
7.3 Occupational Health and safety 7.28
7.3.1 Safety plan 7.29
7.3.2 General Safety Measures 7.31
7.3.3 Safety Organization 7.32
7.3.4 Safety Circle 7.32

Index iv
 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

7.3.5 Health and Safety Monitoring Plan 7.32

7.4 Social Impact Assessment 7.33
a) Impact 7.33
Mitigation / management measures Corporate Social Responsibility 7.34
b)
(CSR)
7.5 Details of occupational health program. 7.34
7.6 Fire control plan 7.43
7.7 Do’s & Don’ts 7.44
7.8 Plan and fund allocation to ensure the occupational health & safety of all 7.45
contract and casual workers
7.9 Scenarios identified for consequence analysis 7.47
7.10 Leak detection and repair systems (LDAR) 7.65
7.11 Preventive Measures of Hazardous Chemicals 7.68
Chapter-8 PROJECT BENEFITS
8.1 Introduction 8.1
8.2 Improvement in the physical infrastructure 8.1
8.3 Improvement in the social infrastructure 8.1
8.4 Employment potential 8.2
8.5 Other Tangible Benefits 8.2
8.5.1 CSR Activities 8.2
8.5.2 Economic Development 8.2
8.5.3 Green belt Development 8.3
8.5.4 Corporate Environment Responsibility (CER) 8.3
Chapter-9 ENVIRONMENTAL COST ANALYSIS 9.1
Chapter-10 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN
10.1 Introduction 10.1
10.2 The environmental management plan 10.1
10.3 Objectives of environmental management plan 10.2
10.4 EMP for operational phase 10.3
10.4.1 Management of Air Environment 10.4
10.4.2 Management of Noise 10.5
10.4.3 Management of Water Environment 10.5
10.4.4 Management of Land Environment 10.6
10.4.5 Management of Solid/ Hazardous Waste 10.6
10.4.6 Management of Hazardous Raw materials 10.8
10.4.7 Management of Biological Environment 10.8

Index v
 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

10.4.8 Management of Socio –economic factors 10.8

10.4.9 Management of Traffic 10.8
10.5 Additional mitigation measures 10.9
10.5.1 Water conservation 10.9
10.5.2 Odour Management Plan 10.9
10.5.3 Safety measures to prevent the Occupational Health Hazards 10.10
10.5.4 Social welfare measures for future planning 10.10
10.5.5 Cleaner production strategies 10.10
10.5.6 Energy Conservation 10.11
10.6 Greenbelt Development Plan 10.12
10.7 Rain Water Harvesting 10.13
10.8 Occupational health & safety plan 10.14
10.9 Summary of environment management plan and actions 10.15
10.10 Environment policy 10.17
10.11 Environment budget 10.17
10.12 Reporting system of non-compliances/ violations of environmental norms 10.19
10.13 Findings 10.19
10.14 Conclusions 10.20

Chapter-11 PROJECT SUMMARY & CONCLUSIONS

11.1 Introduction 11.1
11.2 Project Description 11.1
11.2.1 Environmental settings 11.1
11.2.2 Salient features of the Project 11.2
11.2.3 List of Products 11.3
11.3 Description of Environment 11.3
11.3.1 Baseline Environmental Study 11.3
11.3.2 Air Environment 11.3
11.3.3 Noise Environment 11.4
11.3.4 Water Environment 11.5
[Link] Ground Water Quality 11.5
[Link] Surface water quality 11.5
11.3.5 Soil Quality 11.6
11.3.6 Biological Environment 11.6
11.3.7 Socio-Economic Environment 11.6
11.4 Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 11.7

Index vi
 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

11.5 Environment Monitoring Program 11.10

11.6 Additional Studies 11.11
11.6.1 Risk Assessment and safety Management 11.11
11.7 Project Benefits 11.11
11.8 Environment Management Plan 11.11
11.8.1 Management of Air Environment 11.11
11.8.2 Management of Noise 11.12
11.8.3 Management of Water Environment 11.12
11.8.4 Management of Land Environment 11.13
11.8.5 Management of Solid/Hazardous Waste 11.13
11.8.6 Management of Hazardous Raw materials 11.14
11.8.7 Management of Biological Environment 11.14
11.8.8 Management of Socio-economic factors 11.14
11.9 Conclusion 11.14
Chapter-12 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT ENGAGED 12.1

List of Table
Table No. Page No.
1.1 Details of Partners 1.2
1.2 Compliance of Terms of Reference 1.4
1.3 Applicable Regulatory Provision 1.15
2.1 Area Details 2.5
2.2 Environmental settings of the project site 2.7
2.3 Products and production capacities 2.7
2.4 Details of Raw Materials 2.8
2.5 Storage details of Raw Materials 2.9
2.6 List of Proposed Plant Machineries 2.15
2.7 Water Consumption and Waste water generation details 2.16
2.8 Stream-wise characteristics of Effluent 2.18
2.9 Details of Fuel Requirement 2.18
2.10 Details of Fuel Gas Stacks 2.19
2.11 Details of ETP 2.20
2.12 Hazardous waste Management 2.21
2.13 Details of Surrounding Industries 2.23
3.1 Environmental Attributes & Frequency of Monitoring 3.2
3.2 Land use Distribution of the study area 3.8
3.3 Site Specific Climatic Conditions 3.11

Index vii
 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

3.4 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations 3.15

3.5 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring For PM10 at Various Site Locations 3.16
3.6 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring For PM2.5 at Various Site Locations 3.17
3.7 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring For SO2 at Various Site Locations 3.18
3.8 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring For NOX at Various Site Locations 3.19
3.9 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring For HC at Various Site Locations 3.20
3.10 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring For VOC at Various Site Locations 3.20
3.11 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring For CO at Various Site Locations 3.20
National Ambient Air Quality Standards and Methods of
3.12 3.21
Measurement
3.13 Ambient Noise Quality Monitoring Locations 3.24
3.14 Ambient Noise Quality in study area 3.24
3.15 Noise Standards 3.24
3.16 Ground Water Sampling Location 3.26
3.17 Ground Water Quality in the Study Area 3.28
3.18 Surface Water Sampling Location 3.31
3.19 Surface Water Quality in the Study Area 3.33
3.20 Standard water quality criteria 3.36
3.21 Soil Sampling Locations 3.37
3.22 Physiochemical Characteristics of Soil 3.39
3.23 List of Flora in the Study Area 3.41
3.24 List of Fauna in the study area 3.44
3.25 List of villages present in the study area 3.47
3.26 Demographic details 3.48
3.27 Literacy Rate 3.49
3.28 Social Structures 3.51
3.29 Occupational patterns of the Villages in the Study area 3.53
3.30 Summary of Basic amenities available at study area 3.55
3.31 Traffic Count Table 3.60
3.32 Assessment of proposed traffic load 3.60
4.1 Construction phase–impacts and mitigation measures 4.2
4.2 Potential Environmental Impact Matrix 4.4
4.3 Ground level Concentration of PM in µg/m3 4.6
4.4 Ground level Concentration of SO2 in µg/m3 4.8
4.5 Ground level Concentration of NOX in µg/m3 4.10
6.1 Environmental Monitoring Plans (During Operational Phase) 6.2
7.1 Characteristic of Raw Materials 7.6
7.2 Details of Fire Extinguishers 7.43
7.3 Estimation of Effect of Damage/ Impact Identification 7.64
7.4 Schedule of Preventive Maintenance 7.67
8.1 Action Plan for Activities under CER 8.3

Index viii
 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

10.1 Greenbelt development programme 10.13

10.2 Details of Rain water harvesting 10.14
10.3 Summary of environmental management plan 10.16
10.4 Budget allocations for environmental management considering worst 10.18
case scenario
11.1 List of Proposed Products 11.3
12.1 Accredited Sectors as Approved by QCI- NABET 12.1

List of Figure
Figure No. Page No.
2.1 Project Location Map 2.3
2.2 Google Image of Project site (10 km radius) 2.4
2.3 Project location with boundary 2.4
2.4 Plant Layout 2.6
2.5 Water Balance Diagram 2.17
2.6 ETP Flow Diagram 2.16
3.1 Satellite Image of Study area 3.4
3.2 Hydrogeological map of Kutch District 3.5
3.3 Geological Structure of Gujarat State 3.6
3.4 Topomap of project site covering 10 km radius 3.7
3.5 Land Use Distribution of the study area (10 km radius) 3.9
3.6 Seismic Zones of Gujarat 3.10
3.7 Wind Rose 3.12
3.8 Google image showing Ambient Air Monitoring Location 3.14
3.9 Graphical presentation of PM10 Concentration in Ambient Air 3.16
3.10 Graphical presentation of PM2.5 Concentration in Ambient Air 3.17
3.11 Graphical presentation of SO2 Concentration in Ambient Air 3.18
3.12 Graphical presentation of NOx Concentration in Ambient Air 3.19
3.13 Ambient Noise Quality monitoring location 3.23
3.14 Google Image showing Ground Water Monitoring Location 3.27
3.15 Google Image showing Surface Water Monitoring Location 3.32
3.16 Google Image showing Soil Sampling Location 3.38
3.17 List of villages within 5 km & 10 km radius 3.46
3.18 Image showing Traffic Surveying Location 3.59
4.1 Ground Level Concentration of PM 4.7
4.2 Ground Level Concentration of SO2 4.9
4.3 Ground Level Concentration of NOX 4.11
4.4 Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of Manufacturing Process 4.17
4.5 Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) for Utilities 4.18
4.6 Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) for Admin 4.18
4.7 Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) for ETP/Water Consumption 4.20

Index ix
 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

6.1 Environmental Management Cell 6.3

7.1 Plant Layout showing Safe Assembly Point 7.13
7.2 On-site emergency organization chart 7.22
7.3 Toxic area for each threat zone (Formaldehyde) 7.49
7.4 Thermal radiation from pool fire for styrene 7.51
7.5 Thermal radiation from fireball 7.53
7.6 Toxic area for each threat zone (Propylene Glycol) 7.55
7.7 Toxic area for each threat zone (Xylene) 7.57
7.8 Thermal radiation from fireball (Xylene) 7.59
7.9 Toxic area for each Threat zone (Phenol) 7.61
7.10 Toxic area for each Threat zone (Formadehyde-37%) 7.63

Index x
 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

List of Annexure
Annexure
Details Page No.
No.
I Copy of Terms of Reference (ToR) A-1
II Land Possession Document A-12
III Partnership deed A-14
IV CCA obtained before 2006 A-20
V Copy of CCA & its Compliance Report A-24
VI Undertaking of Project Proponent A-33
VII Undertaking of Consultant A-36
VIII Plant layout A-38
IX Photograph of Project Site A-40
X NABET Certificate A-42
XI NABL Certificate and MoU between laboratory & consultants A-44
XII Certificate of no plagiarism of EIA/EMP report A-48
XIII Material Safety Data Sheet A-50

Index xi
 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

CHAPTER - 1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 PREAMBLE

M/s. Krishna Chemicals is an existing unit located at Plot No. 1703/4, Phase IV, Vithal
Udhyog Nagar GIDC, Taluka & District: Anand in Gujarat State involved in
production of unsaturated polyester Resin @ 8 MT/Month.

Now, looking to the market demand, unit intends to expand production capacity of
existing product and also want to add some new product, after expansion capacity will
be increase from 8 MT/month to 310 MT/month.

Unit was established before 2006, copy of CCA obtained before 2006 is enclosed as
Annexure – IV. Unit has valid Consent to Operate (CTO) for the existing product vide
CCA order No. AWH-26616 dated 22/12/2017, which is valid up to 30/09/2027.

1.2 PURPOSE OF THE EIA REPORT

The proposed expansion project will be carried out in the existing premises located at
vithal Udhyog nagar GIDC of Anand taluka and district. Hence, being located inside the
notified industrial estate, as per the EIA Notification, 2006 & subsequent amendments
dated 25 June 2014 the proposed project comes under category ‘B’ , listed at item 5(f)
“Synthetic organic chemicals industry. Therefore, the unit requires obtaining
Environmental Clearance for the proposed activity from State level environment impact
Assessment Authority (SEIAA), Gujarat under Category ‘B’.

Thus, an application was made online on the PARIVESH portal dated 07/06/2022 for
obtaining the related TOR. The application was online accepted on 07/07/2022. The
standard TOR was issued by SEIAA, Gujarat vide their letter no. SIA/GJ/118107/2022,
dated: 07/07/2022. [Copy is attached as Annexure- I]

As a part of obtaining Environmental Clearance, M/s. Krishna Chemicals has assigned

the work to M/s. Enviro Fluid Consultants, Ahmedabad for assessing environmental
impact due to the proposed activity and carrying out EIA/EMP studies. Based on the
Terms of Reference (ToR) points issued by SEIAA, Gujarat, Environmental Impact
Assessment (EIA) report has been prepared covering all aspects of the ToR. The
purpose of preparation of the Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) report is also to

Chapter-1: Introduction 1.1

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

understand the likely impacts and to take Environment Protection measures during and
after the commissioning of the project.

1.3 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT AND PROJECT PROPONENT

Company proposes to manufacture Synthetic organic chemicals at Vithal Udhyog Nagar
GIDC, taluka & Distirict of Anand. Proposed products are covered under project sector
5(f) and it falls under Category ‘B’.

Krishna Chemicals is a Partnership firm promoted by the following partners, having wide
experience of synthetic organic resin manufacturing;
TABLE 1.1: Details of Partners

Sr. Experience
Name of Partners
No. (In years)
1 Sureshbhai Bhikhubhai Korat 25
2 Pravinbhai Bavbhai Sardhara 28
3 Mukeshkumar Gokalbhai Gajera 22

1.4 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF NATURE, SIZE, LOCATION OF THE PROJECT AND ITS
IMPORTANCE TO THE COUNTRY, REGION
The requirements of the resins are increasing day by day in domestic as well as
international market. Thus, the unit has decided to manufacture resins and looking to the
growing market demand, the proposed expansion project of the unit for the
manufacturing of these products is surely feasible. Finished products will be sold in the
domestic market as well as exported.

The proposed project will also contribute revenue to the Central & State exchequer in
the form of income tax, state sales tax or VAT, tax for interstate movement, corporate
taxes etc. Indirect contribution to the Central & State exchequer will be there due to
Income by way of registration of trucks, payment of road tax, income tax from an
individual as well as taxes from associated units. Thus, the proposed project will help the
Government by paying different taxes from time to time, which is a part of revenue and
thus, will help in developing the area. The demand of the products in a foreign market is
also significant, which will boost the export potential of the company as well as the
country.

Chapter-1: Introduction 1.2

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

1.5 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The scope of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is to determine the environmental
impacts of the proposed expansion project & development activities associated with the
project. The detailed EIA report is prepared following the Terms of Reference (TOR)
issued by SEIAA, Gujarat. Compliance of Terms of Reference (TOR) is given below.

The EIA study includes determination of baseline conditions, assessment of the Impacts
on the environment due to the construction and operation of the project and making
recommendations on the preventive measures to be taken, to minimize the impact on
the environment to acceptable levels. A suitable post-study monitoring program will be
outlined. Preparation of Environment Management Plan will be given based on the
emissions and feasibility report. As per the guidelines, the Generic structure of EIA is
given in EIA notification dated 14th September, 2006 is maintained.

Chapter-1: Introduction 1.3

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

TABLE 1.2: Compliance of Terms of Reference (TOR)

S/N TOR Point Compliance
A. STANDARD TERMS OF REFERENCE
GENERIC CONDITIONS
1. Executive Summary Please refer Chapter 11.
2. Introduction Please refer chapter -1.
i. Details of the EIA Consultant including NABET Accreditation Consultant
NABET accreditation Certificate no.
NABET/EIA/2124/IA0090 dated
26/11/2021, valid up to 25/11/2024.
ii. Information about the project proponent Refer section 1.3 on page no. 1.2 of
chapter-1.
iii. Importance and benefits of the project For importance of project refer section
1.4 on page no. 1.2 of chapter-1.
For project benefits refer chapter 8.
3 Project Description
i. Cost of project and time of completion Cost of the project after expansion will
be Rs. 3.58 Crores.
Existing : 0.80 Crores
Proposed Cost: 2.78 Crores
Refer section 2.4 on page no. 2.2 and
section 2.7 on page no. 2.9 of chapter-
2.
ii. Products with capacities for the proposed Refer section 2.6.1 on page no. 2.7 of
project chapter-2.
iii. If expansion project, details of existing Refer Section 2.6.1 on page no. 2.7 of
products with capacities and whether chapter-2 for details of existing and
adequate land is available for expansion, proposed products with capacity.
reference of earlier EC if any Refer Section 2.5 on page 2.2- 2.6 of
Chapter-2 for land availability.
Please refer Annexure-IV for copy of
CCA obtained before 2006.
iv. Details of existing products and Refer Section 2.6.1 on page no. 2.7 of
production, if any, along with present chapter-2 for details of existing and
product/production details in tabular proposed products with capacity.
format, to verify the compliance of the EIA
Notifications.
v. List of raw materials required and their Raw materials sourced from local
source along with mode of transportation market via road transportation.
Refer section 2.6.2, table no. 2.4 on
page no. 2.8 of chapter-2.
vi. Other chemicals and materials required Refer section 2.6.2, table no. 2.4 on
with quantities and storage capacities page no. 2.8 of chapter-2.
vii. Details of Emission, effluents, hazardous For details of Emission, refer section
waste generation and their management. 2.10.1 on page no. 2.19 of chapter-2.
For water consumption & waste water
generation refer section 2.9.2 on page
no. 2.15 to 2.18 of chapter-2.
For hazardous waste generation and
their management, refer section 2.10.3

Chapter-1: Introduction 1.4

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

S/N TOR Point Compliance

on page no. 2.20 of chapter-2.
viii. Requirement
3 of water, power, with source For details of water requirement, refer
of
. supply, status of approval, water section 2.9.2, table 2.7 and water
balance
7 diagram, man-power balance diagram is given in figure 2.5
requirement (regular and contract) on page no. 2.15 to 2.18 of chapter-2.
Power and Man-power requirement
refer section 2.9.3 and 2.9.5,
respectively on page no. 2.18 of
chapter 2.
ix. Details of boiler/gensets (including There will be no requirement of steam
stacks/exhausts) and fuels to be used in proposed expansion project, hence
boiler is also not required in our
premises.
x. Process
3 description along with major For manufacturing process, refer
equipments
. and machineries, process section 2.8 on page no.2.10 to 2.15 of
flow
8 sheet (quantitative) from raw material chapter 2.
to products to be provided
xi. Hazard
3 identification and details of Hazard identification and details of
proposed
. safety systems. proposed safety systems are provided
9 in Section 7.1 of chapter 7.
xii. Expansion/modernization proposals: It is an expansion proposal.
a. Copy of all the Environmental Unit was established before 2006,
Clearance(s) including Amendments hence as per EIA notification, 2006 EC
thereto obtained for the project from was not applicable to us.
MOEF/SEIAA shall be attached as an Copy of CCA obtained before 2006 is
Annexure. A certified copy of the latest enclosed as Annexure-IV.
Monitoring Report of the Regional Office Copy of current CCA and its
of the Ministry of Environment and compliance is enclosed as Annexure-
Forests as per circular dated 30th May, V.
2012 on the status of compliance of
conditions stipulated in all the existing
environmental clearances including
Amendments shall be provided. In
addition, copy of the latest CTO and
status of compliance of Consent to
Operate for the ongoing/ existing
operation of the project from SPCB shall
be attached with the EIA-EMP report.
b In case the existing project has not Unit was established before 2006,
obtained environmental clearance, hence as per EIA notification, 2006 EC
reasons for not taking EC under the was not applicable to us.
provisions of the EIA Notification 1994 Copy of CCA obtained before 2006 is
and/or EIA Notification 2006 shall be enclosed as Annexure-IV.
provided. Copies of Consent to Copy of current CCA and its
Establish/No Objection Certificate and compliance is enclosed as Annexure-
Consent to Operate (in case of units V.
operating prior to EIA Notification 2006,
CTE and CTO of FY 2005-2006) obtained
from the SPCB shall be submitted.
Further, compliance report to the

Chapter-1: Introduction 1.5

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

S/N TOR Point Compliance

conditions of consents from the SPCB
shall be submitted.
4 Site Details
i. Location of the project site covering Refer figure 2.1, 2.2 & 2.3 and table 2.1
village, Taluka/Tehsil, District and State, for location of project site covering
Justification for selecting the site, whether village, Taluka/Tehsil, District and
other sites were considered. State, on page no. 2.3 to 2.4 of
chapter-2.
Justification of site selection, is given in
Section 5.1, page no. 5.1 of chapter 5.
ii. A toposheet of the study area of radius of For toptosheet, refer figure 3.4 on page
10km and site location on no. 3.7 of chapter-3.
1:50,000/1:25,000 scale on an A3/A2
sheet. (including all eco-sensitive areas
and environmentally sensitive places)
iii. Details w.r.t. option analysis for selection Option analysis of site selection, is
of site given in Section 5.2, page no. 5.1 of
chapter 5.
iv. Co-ordinates (lat-long) of all four corners Refer Figure 2.3, on page no. 2.4 of
of the site. chapter-2.
v. Google map-Earth downloaded of the Refer Figure 2.1, 2.2 and 2.3 on page
project site. no. 2.3 to 2.4 of chapter-2.
vi. Layout maps indicating existing unit as Ours is proposed unit, for land
well as proposed unit indicating storage requirement and plan lay out refer
area, plant area, greenbelt area, utilities section 2.5.1 & 2.5.2, Figure 2.4 on
etc. If located within an Industrial page no. 2.5 & 2.6 of chapter-2.
area/Estate/Complex, layout of Industrial
Area indicating location of unit within the
Industrial area/Estate.
vii. Photographs
4 of the proposed and existing Refer Annexure-IX for the photograph
(if. applicable) plant site. If existing, show of the plant site and green belt
photographs
7 of plantation/greenbelt, in developed at project site.
particular.
viii. Landuse
4 break-up of total land of the Refer Section 3.5, Figure 3-5 and table
project
. site (identified and acquired), 3.2 on page no. 3.8 and 3.9 of chapter-
government/
8 private - agricultural, forest, 3.
wasteland, water bodies, settlements, etc
shall be included. (not required for
industrial area)
ix. A4list of major industries with name and Refer section 2.12, table 2.12 on page
type
. within study area (10km radius) shall no. 2.23 of chapter-2.
be9 incorporated. Land use details of the
study area.
x. Geological
1 features and Geo-hydrological Refer section 3.3 on page no. 3.3 to 3.6
status
0 of the study area shall be included. of chapter-3.
xi. Details
4 of Drainage of the project up to Refer section 3.3 on page no. 3.3 to 3.6
5km. radius of study area. If the site is of chapter-3.
within
1 1 km radius of any major river, peak
and lean season river discharge as well
1
as flood occurrence frequency based on
peak rainfall data of the past 30 years.

Chapter-1: Introduction 1.6

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

S/N TOR Point Compliance

Details of Flood Level of the project site
and maximum Flood Level of the river
shall also be provided. (mega green field
projects)
xii. Status
4 of acquisition of land. If acquisition
Land is name of the unit, M/s. Krishna
is. not complete, stage of the acquisition chemicals vide GIDC allotment letter
process
1 and expected time of complete no.
possession of the land. GIDC/RMB(VU)/ALT/VUN/PLOT/TFR/
2
3977 dated 29/09/1977
Land document is given on Annexure
– II of EIA report.
xiii. R&R details in respect of land in line with Not Applicable
state Government policy.
5 Forest, wildlife and CRZ related issues Not Applicable
(if applicable)
6 Environmental Status
i. Determination of atmospheric inversion Refer section 3.7.1 on page no. 3.10
level at the project site and site-specific of chapter-3.
micro-meteorological data using
temperature, relative humidity, hourly
wind speed and direction and rainfall.

ii. AAQ data (except monsoon) at 8 Refer section 3.8, page no. 3.13 to
locations for PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOX, CO 3.21 of chapter-3.
and other parameters relevant to the
project shall be collected. The monitoring
stations shall be based on CPCB
guidelines and take into account the pre-
dominant wind direction, population zone
and sensitive receptors including
reserved forests. Study should
indicate minimum, maximum value of
different parameters for the period (3
months) collected. Collected data should
be supported by the reference data of
either CPCB or SPCB. AAQ data & GLC
of pollutants from stack emissions should
suggest technology/ measures - Best
Practiced Technology (BPT) indicating
best achieved results.
iii. Raw data of all AAQ measurement for 12 Refer section 3.8, page no. 3.13 to
weeks of all stations as per frequency 3.21 of chapter-3.
given in the NAQQM Notification of Nov.
2009 along with - min., max., average and
98% values for each of the AAQ
parameters from data of all AAQ stations
should be provided as an annexure to the
EIA Report.
iv. Surface water quality of nearby River Refer section 3.10.2, page no. 3.30 to
(100m upstream and downstream of 3.35 of chapter-3.
discharge point) and other surface drains

Chapter-1: Introduction 1.7

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

S/N TOR Point Compliance

at eight locations as per
CPCB/MoEF&CC guidelines.
v. Whether the site falls near to polluted Not Applicable.
stretch of river identified by the
CPCB/MoEF&CC, if yes give details.
vi. Ground water monitoring at minimum at 8 Refer section 3.10.1, page no. 3.26 to
locations shall be included. 3.30 of chapter-3.
vii. Noise levels monitoring at 8 locations Refer section 3.9, page no. 3.22 to
within the study area. 3.25 of chapter-3.
viii. Soil Characteristic as per CPCB Refer section 3.11, page no. 3.36 to
guidelines. 3.40 of chapter-3.
ix. Traffic study of the area, type of vehicles, Refer section 3.14, page no. 3.58 to
frequency of vehicles for transportation of 3.61 of chapter-3.
materials, additional traffic due to
proposed project, parking arrangement
etc.
x. Detailed description of flora and fauna No Schedule 1 species in study area.
(terrestrial and aquatic) existing in the Refer section 3.12, page no. 3.41 to
study area shall be given with special 3.45 of chapter-3.
reference to rare, endemic and
endangered species. If Schedule I fauna
are found within the study area, a Wildlife
Conservation Plan shall be prepared and
furnished
xi. Socio-economic status of the study area Refer section 3.13, page no. 3.45 to
3.58 of chapter-3.
7 Environment Impact and Environment
Management Plan
i. Assessment of ground level Refer section 4.4.1, page no. 4.5 to
concentration of pollutants from the stack 4.13 of chapter-4.
emission based on site-specific
meteorological features. In case the
project is located on a hilly terrain, the
AQIP Modelling shall be done using
inputs of the specific terrain
characteristics for determining the
potential impacts of the project on the
AAQ. Cumulative impact of all sources of
emissions (including transportation) on
the AAQ of the area shall be assessed.
Details of the model used and the input
data used for modelling shall also be
provided. The air quality contours shall be
plotted on a location map showing the
location of project site, habitation nearby,
sensitive receptors, if any.
ii. Water
7 Quality modelling - in case of Not applicable as Zero liquid Discharge
discharge
. in water body. will be maintained.
2

Chapter-1: Introduction 1.8

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

S/N TOR Point Compliance

iii. Impact
7 of the transport of the raw No major impact on transportation as
materials
. and end products on the the plant is well connected with state
surrounding
3 environment shall be highway 83.
assessed and provided. In this regard,
options for transport of raw materials and
finished products and wastes (large
quantities) by rail or rail-cum road
transport or conveyor cum-rail transport
shall be examined.
iv. A7note on treatment of wastewater from Complete scheme of effluent treatment
different
. plant operations, extent recycled is given in section 2.10.2 on page no.
and
4 reused for different purposes shall be 2.19 of chapter 2.
included. Complete scheme of effluent
treatment. Characteristics of untreated Effluent generation from the process
and treated effluent to meet the and washing will be treated in Fenton
prescribed standards of discharge under reactor of ETP-2 after that it will be
E(P)Rules evaporated in thermic evaporator.
Industrial effluent other than process
like blowdown from cooling tower and
domestic, total @ 1.8 KLD will be
treated in ETP-1 consisting primary,
secondary an tertiary units, treated
water will be reused for cooling.

v. Details of stack emission and action plan For flue gas emission, refer section
for control of emissions to meet 2.10.1 on page no. 2.18 of chapter 2.
standards. There will be no process gas emission
occur due to proposed expansion
project.
vi. Measures
. for fugitive emission control Refer section 2.11.7 on page no. 2.22-
6 2.23 of chapter 2.
vii. Details
7 of hazardous waste generation Hazardous Waste: Section: 2.10.3,
and
. their storage, utilization and page no. 2.20-2.21 of chapter 2.
management.
7 Copies of MOU regarding Energy Conservation: Section:
utilization of solid and hazardous waste in 10.5.6 page no. 10.11-10.12 of chapter
cement plant shall also be included. EMP 10.
shall include the concept of waste-
minimization, recycle/reuse/ recover Water Conservation: Sub-Section:
techniques, Energy conservation, and 10.5.1, page no. 10.9 of chapter 10.
natural resource conservation.
viii. Proper
7 utilization of fly ash shall be Unit will use natural gas as a fuel for
ensured
. as per Fly Ash Notification, 2009. thermic fluid heater and HSD as a fuel
A8 detailed plan of action shall be in DG set. Hence, there will be no fly
provided. ash generation as no solid fuel will be
used.
ix. Action
7 plan for the green belt The unit will develop greenbelt in area
development
. plan in 33 % area i.e. land of 404 m2 (33% of the total area), out
with
9 not less than 2,500 trees per ha. of which unit has already developed
Giving details of species, width of greenbelt in area of 245 m2 (i.e. around
plantation, planning schedule etc. shall be 20% of the total area) inside the plant
included. The green belt shall be around premises and 159 m2 (i.e. 13%) of the

Chapter-1: Introduction 1.9

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

S/N TOR Point Compliance

the project boundary and a scheme for green belt would be developed on
greening of the roads used for the project GIDC allotted plot. Thus total of 33%
shall also be incorporated. green belt would be developed by the
unit.
x. Action
7 plan for rainwater harvesting Refer section 10.7 on page no. 10.13
measures
. at plant site shall be submitted of chapter 10.
to1 harvest rain water from the roof tops
and storm water drains to recharge the
0
ground water and also to use for the
various activities at the project site to
conserve fresh water and reduce the
water requirement from other sources.

xi. Total
7 capital cost and recurring Refer section 10.11, table 10.4 on page
cost/annum
. for environmental pollution no. 10.17-10.18 of chapter 10.
control
1 measures shall be included.
1
xii. Action plan for post-project environmental Refer section 6.3, table 6.1 on page no.
monitoring shall be submitted. 6.2 of chapter 6.
xiii. Onsite and Offsite Disaster (natural and Refer section 7.2, page no. 7.11 to
Man-made) Preparedness and 7.25 of chapter 7.
Emergency Management Plan including
Risk Assessment and damage control.
Disaster management plan should be
linked with District Disaster Management
Plan.
7 Occupational health
i. Plan and fund allocation to ensure the Refer section 10.11, table 10.4 on page
occupational health & safety of all no. 10.18 of chapter 10.
contract and casual workers
ii. Details of exposure specific health status Unit will regularly carry out medical
evaluation of worker. If the workers' check-up of the workers and will
health is being evaluated by pre designed maintain records for the same.
format, chest x rays, Audiometry,
Spirometry, Vision testing (Far & Near
vision, colour vision and any other ocular
defect) ECG, during preplacement and
periodical examinations give the details of
the same. Details regarding last month
analyzed data of above mentioned
parameters as per age, sex, duration of
exposure and department wise.
iii. Details of existing Occupational & Safety There are no existing Occupational &
Hazards. What are the exposure levels of Safety hazards as for the existing unit
hazards and whether they are within and proposed unit will setup after
Permissible Exposure level (PEL). If receiving environment clearance from
these are not within PEL, what measures the authority. However, post execution
the company has adopted to keep them plan for Occupational & Safety
within PEL so that health of the workers measures is given Chapter – 7 and
can be preserved, Section 7.7.

Chapter-1: Introduction 1.10

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

S/N TOR Point Compliance

iv. Annual report of health status of workers Annual report of health status of
with special reference to Occupational workers will be maintained.
Health and Safety
8 Corporate Environment Policy
i. Does
9 the company have a well laid down Yes, refer section 10.10, page no.
Environment
. Policy approved by its Board 10.17 of chapter 10.
of1Directors? If so, it may be detailed in
the EIA report.
ii. Does
9 the Environment Policy prescribe Yes, refer section 10.10, page no.
for. standard operating process / 10.17 of chapter 10.
procedures
2 to bring into focus any
infringement / deviation / violation of the
environmental or forest norms /
conditions? If so, it may be detailed in the
EIA
iii. What
9 is the hierarchical system or Refer section 6.5, page no. 6.2 of
Administrative
. order of the company to chapter 6.
deal
3 with the environmental issues and
for ensuring compliance with the
environmental clearance conditions?
Details of this system may be given
iv. Does9 the company have system of Refer section 6.6, page no. 6.3 of
reporting
. of non-compliances / violations chapter 6.
of4 environmental norms to the Board of
Directors of the company and / or
shareholders or stakeholders at large?
This reporting mechanism shall be
detailed in the EIA report.
v. Details
1 regarding infrastructure facilities All the facilities will be available to
such
0 as sanitation, fuel, restroom etc. to construction workers as the proposed
be provided to the labour force during project is within GIDC area.
construction as well as to the casual
workers including truck drivers during
operation phase.
10) Corporate Environmental
Responsibility (CER)
Adequate funds, as per the Ministry’s Refer section 8.5, page no. 8.2 to 8.3
OM/Guidelines, shall be earmarked of chapter 8.
towards the Corporate Environmental
Responsibility based on Public Hearing
issues/ socioeconomic issues and item-
wise details along with time bound action
plan shall be included (CER activities
shall be related to environment). Socio-
economic development activities need to
be elaborated upon. For the projects
where public hearing is not conducted,
CER plan shall be provided based on
socio-economic study of the area.
11) Additional studies/Measures to be
considered

Chapter-1: Introduction 1.11

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

S/N TOR Point Compliance

i. Provide latest and ecofriendly technology Unit is using best available latest
for product manufacturing. technology in market and ecofriendly
raw materials will be used for
manufcaturing of unsaturated
polyester resins.

Details of manufacturing proess are

given in section 2.8, page no. 2.10 to
2.15 of Chapter 2.
ii. Emphasize on Green chemistry/Clean Refer section 4.6.2, on page no. 4.21
Manufacturing – 4.22 of chapter 4.
iii. Provide CAS No. of products along with Refer section 2.6, Table no. 2.3 on
product list. page no. 2.7 of chapter 2.
iv. Provide details of amount of carbon Refer section 4.5, on page no. 4.16 –
sequestered in their unit through 4.20 of chapter 4.
greenbelt /other modes, in case of
expansion project.
v. Life structure and sustainability for carbon Refer section 4.5, on page no. 4.16 –
and water foot print. 4.20 of chapter 4.
vi. Detailed pollution Load estimation. Details of pollution load estimation for
effluent, flue gas emission are given in
Chapter -2.
vii. Transportation of Hazardous substance, Hazardous substance, effluents etc.
effluents etc shall be carriedout through will be transport through authorized
authorized and GPS enable and GPS enable vehicles/Trucks only.
vehicles/Trucks only.
viii. Category of Hazardous Wastes shall be Refer section 2.10.3, on page no. 2.20
mentioned in the EIA/EMP report and in – 2.21 of chapter 2.
presentation.
ix. Details of greenhouse gases and Refer section 4.5, on page no. 4.16 –
emissions shall be provided. 4.20 of chapter 4.
x. Greenbelt shall be developed in the first Refer section 10.6, on page no. 10.12
year of the project and wind breaks shall of chapter 10.
be erected. Unit has already developed 20%
green belt area within premises, rest
of the 13% will be developed in
outside premises at GIDC allotted
plot.
xi. Study area map shall be overlapped with Refer section 2.5, figure no. 2.1, 2.2
all the associated features. and 2.3 on page no. 2.2 to 2.4 of
chapter 2.
xii. Emphasize on green fuels. Unit will use green fuel i.e. natural gas
as a fuel for thermic fluid heater.
Refer section 2.9.4, table 2.9 on page
no. 2.18 of Chapter -2.
xiii. The project from NCR shall not use Coal Unit will use green fuel i.e. natural gas
as fuel. Further, PP shall avoid use of as a fuel for thermic fluid heater.
Coal in the CPAs and elsewhere also if Refer section 2.9.4, table 2.9 on page
alternatives are available. no. 2.18 of Chapter -2.
xiv. Provide the Cost-Benefit analysis with Refer section 9.1, on page no. 9.1 of
respect to the environment due to the Chapter -9.

Chapter-1: Introduction 1.12

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

S/N TOR Point Compliance

project.
xv. Details of carbon foot prints and carbon Refer section 4.5, on page no. 4.16 –
sequestration study w.r.t. proposed 4.20 of chapter 4.
project needs to spelled out. Proposed
mitigation measures also needs to be
analyzed and submitted for further
appraisal of the EAC
11 Any litigation pending against the project None
and/or any direction/order passed by any
Court of Law against the project, if so,
details thereof shall also be included. Has
the unit received any notice under the
Section 5 of Environment (Protection)
Act, 1986 or relevant Sections of Air and
Water Acts? If so, details thereof and
compliance/ATR to the notice(s) and
present status of the case.
13 A tabular chart with index for point wise Complied.
compliance of above TOR and its details
needs to be submitted in the EIA/EMP
Report.
B. SPECIFIC CONDITION
1 Details on solvents to be used, measures Solventa are used as a raw material or
for solvent recovery and for emissions used to increase the consistence of the
control. product as per clients requirement.

Details of solvent are given in section

2.6.2, table no. 2.5 on page no. 2.9 of
chapter – 2.
2 Details of process emissions from the There will be no process gas emission
proposed unit and its arrangement to from the proposed project.
control.
3 Ambient air quality data should include Ambient air quality data includes
VOC, other process-specific pollutants* project specific HC, CO & VOCs are
like NH3*, chlorine*, HCl*, HBr*, H2S*, included in Table 3.9 & 3.11 (Page no.
HF*,etc.,(*-as applicable) 3-20).
4 Work zone monitoring arrangements for It is described in Chapter 10, Table
hazardous chemicals. 10.3 (Page no. 10-16).
5 Detailed effluent treatment scheme It is described in Chapter 2, Section
including segregation of effluent streams 2.10.2 (Page no. 2-19 to 2-20).
for units adopting 'Zero' liquid discharge.
6 Action plan for odour control to be Refer section 10.5.2, page no. 10.9 of
submitted. chapter 10.
7 A copy of the Memorandum of Not applicable as there will no such
Understanding signed with cement type of hazardous waste will be
manufacturers indicating clearly that they generated.
co-process organic solid/ hazardous
waste generated.
8 Authorization/Membership for the Unit will achieve zero liquid discharge,
disposal of liquid effluent in CETP and hence no CETP membership required.
solid/hazardous waste in TSDF, if any. Unit will obtain membership of TSDF

Chapter-1: Introduction 1.13

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

S/N TOR Point Compliance

site before establishment.
9 Action plan for utilization of MEE/dryers Evaporation salt will be generated,
salts. which will be disposed off to the TSDF
site.
10 Material Safety Data Sheet for all the MSDS of all chemicals are attached as
Chemicals are being used/will be used. Annexure – XII.
11 Authorization/Membership for the Unit will obtained membership of TSDF
disposal of solid/hazardous waste in site before establishment.
TSDF.
12 Details of incinerator if to be installed. Not applicable
13 Risk assessment for storage and It is described in Chapter 7, Section
handling of hazardous 7.1.4 (Page no. 7-3 to 7.6).
chemicals/solvents. Action plan for
handling & safety system to be
incorporated.
14 Arrangements for ensuring health and Details of occupational health & safety
safety of workers engaged in handling of of all workers is elaborated in Section
toxic materials. 7.2.10 (j), page no. 7.22 of Chapter 7.
15 Details of carbon foot prints and carbon Refer section 4.5, on page no. 4.16 –
sequestration study w.r.t. proposed 4.22 of chapter 4.
project needs to spelled out. Proposed
mitigation measures also needs to be
analysed and submitted for further
appraisal of the EAC.

1.6 REGULATORY FRAMEWORK

The current EIA study has been conducted to fulfill the requirement of the regulatory
provisions as enacted in EPA, 1986 (amended from time to time). The company needs to
get the Environmental Clearance before the installation & commissioning of the proposed
project. The major acts & rules applicable to the project are:

Chapter-1: Introduction 1.14

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

TABLE 1.3: Applicable regulatory provision

Sr.
Applicable Act/Rule License / Permission to be obtained
No.
1 Water (Prevention and Control of Consent to Establish and Consent to
Pollution) Act, 1974 Operate from State Pollution Control
Board
2 Air (Prevention and Control of Consent to Establish and Consent to
Pollution) Act, 1981 Operate from State Pollution Control
Board
3 The Environment (Protection) Act Environmental Clearance (EC) and
and Environmental (Protection) Environment Audit Report
Rules, 1986,amended from time to
time
4 EIA Notification, 2006,amended from Environmental Clearance (EC) from
time to time MoEF&CC or SEIAA
5 Hazardous and Other Waste Consent to Establish and Consent to
(Management and Trans boundary) Operate from State Pollution Control
Rules, 2016 Board
6 Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991 Public Liability Insurance from insurance
amended 1992 agency
7 The Petroleum Act, 1934 License for petroleum bulk transportation
and storage.
8 Factories Act, 1943 Safety Report, Safety Audit and Safety
manual from Ministry of Labour
9 Gujarat Factories Rules, 1963 Safety Report, Safety Audit and Safety
manual from Ministry of Labour

Chapter-1: Introduction 1.15

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

1.7 Structure of EIA

Sr. EIA Structure Content
No.
1 Introduction  Purpose of the report
 Identification of project & project proponent
 Need of the project and its importance to the
country
 Brief description of nature, size, location of the
project and its importance to the country, region
 Scope and methodology of the EIA study
 Regulatory Framework
 Structure of EIA
2. Project Description  Type of project
 Location of the project site
 Size or magnitude of operation
 Proposed schedule for approval and
implementation
 Project description.
 Technology and process description
 Plant Infrastructure and Basic requirements
 Emission, Effluent Generation & Waste
Generation with Control System
 Safety & Occupational Measure For Storage &
Handling Of The Raw Material & Product
3. Description of the  Study area, period, components & methodology
Environment  Establishment of baseline for valued
environmental components, as identified in the
scope
 Maps of Study Area showing Sampling &
Monitoring Locations and land use pattern.
4. Anticipated  Identification & prediction of potential
Environmental environmental impacts during construction as
well as operation phases of the proposed project
Impacts &
 Evaluation of Impacts on air environment using
Mitigation Measures mathematical model.
 Mitigation measures for minimizing and / or
avoiding adverse impacts during construction as
well as operation phases
5. Analysis of  Details of analysis of alternatives in terms of
Alternatives technology & site.
(Technology & Site)

Chapter-1: Introduction 1.16

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Sr. EIA Structure Content

No.
6. Environmental  Environmental monitoring program
Monitoring Program  Technical aspects of monitoring the effectiveness
of mitigation measures including measurement
methodologies, frequency, location, data
analysis, reporting schedules.
7. Additional Studies  Risk assessment
 Disaster Management Plan
 Social Impact Assessment.
8. Project Benefits  Improvements in the physical infrastructure
 Improvements in the social infrastructure
 Employment potential –skilled; semi-skilled and
unskilled
 Other tangible benefits
9. Environmental Cost  If suggested, at the scoping stage (Not applicable
Benefit Analysis in this case)
10. Environmental  Environmental Management Plan for various
Management Plan project Activities (Operation phase)
(EMP)  Objectives of environmental management plan
 Greenbelt Development Plan
 Rain Water Harvesting
 Occupational Health & Safety Plan
 Summary of environment management plan and
actions
 Reporting system of non-compliances/violations
of environmental norms
11 Summary &  Overall justification for implementation of the
Conclusion project Explanation of how, adverse effects have
been mitigated
12 Disclosure of  Name of the consultant engaged with their brief
Consultants engaged nature of consultancy activities.

Chapter-1: Introduction 1.17

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

CHAPTER – 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1 INTRODUCTION

This section of the report describes the features of the proposed expansion project in
detail to allow an assessment of its environmental impact. A complete description is
important to understand the potential environmental implications of the initiative and
accordingly addressing issues in an appropriate manner. Description of the proposed
expansion project components and activities are presented together with the aspects
during the construction and operation phase of the project which are also important
from the environmental perspective.

2.2 TYPE OF PROJECT

The proposed expansion project will be carried out in the same existing premises
located at Vithal Udhyog Nagar GIDC of Anand district. Hence, being located inside the
notified industrial estate, as per the EIA Notification, 2006 & subsequent amendments,
the proposed expansion comes under category B, listed at item 5(f) “Synthetic organic
chemicals industry. Therefore, the unit requires obtaining Environmental Clearance for
the proposed expansion activity from State level impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA),
Gujarat under Category ‘B’. As the unit is located in Notified GIDC, Public Hearing is
exempted for the proposed expansion project.

This is a small scale proposed expansion project for manufacturing of Unsaturated

Polyester Resins at Vithal Udhyog Nagar GIDC of Anand district. At present unit
involved in manufacturing of Unsaturated Polyester Resins @ 8 MT/Month and after
expansion total production capcity will be increase up to 310 MT/Month. Details of
proposed products and production capacity is given in Table-2.4.

Unit was established before 2006, copy of CCA obtained before 2006 is enclosed as
Annexure – IV. Unit has valid Consent to Operate (CTO) for the existing product vide
CCA order No. AWH-26616 dated 22/12/2017, which is valid up to 30/09/2027.

2.3 NEED FOR THE PROJECT

The requirements of the synthetic resins are increasing day by day in domestic as well
as international market. Thus, unit has decided to manufacture unsaturated polyester
Resins, because of the growing market demand, the proposed expansion project of the
unit for the manufacturing of this product is surely feasible. Finished products will be sold
in the domestic market as well as exported.

Chapter-2: Project Description 2.1

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

2.4 PROJECT COST

The existing cost of the project is Rs. 0.80 Crore and for proposed expansion estimated
additional cost will be Rs. 2.78 Crore. Hence, total estimated cost after proposed
expsansion will be 3.58 Crores.

2.5 LOCATION OF THE PROJECT SITE

M/s. Krishna Chemicals is an existing unit located at Plot No.1703/4, Phase-IV, Vitthal
Udyog Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist.: Anand in Gujarat State for the production of unsaturated
polyester Resins @ 8 MT/Month. Now, looking to market demand unit intends to expand
their production capacity from 8 MT/Month to 310 MT/Month at the same existing
premises.

Latitude: 22°31'30.44"N and

Longitude: 72°55'0.54"E

Chapter-2: Project Description 2.2

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Figure 2.1: Project Location Map

Chapter-2: Project Description 2.3

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Figure 2.2: Google Image of Project site (10 Km radius)

Figure 2.3: Project location with boundary

Points Latitude Longitude

Corner A 22°31'31.27"N 72°55'0.69"E
Corner B 22°31'29.84"N 72°55'1.13"E
Corner C 22°31'29.60"N 72°55'0.33"E
Corner D 22°31'30.98"N 72°54'59.83"E
Centre of project site 22°31'30.52"N 72°55'0.51"E

Chapter-2: Project Description 2.4

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

2.5.1 Land requirement details

The Total land area for project is 1222 [Link]., which is sufficient to accommodate the
proposed expansion activity. The area details are given in below table:
Table 2.1: Area Details

Sr. Area % of Total

Details of Land
No. (in [Link].) Area
1 Process Plant 200.00 16.40
2 Pilot Plant 20.00 1.60
3 Product Storage Area 50.00 4.10
4 Raw Material Storage Area 40.00 3.30
5 Solvent Storage Area 50.00 4.10
6 Tank Farm Area 80.00 6.50
7 Hazardous Waste Storage Area 30.00 2.50
8 ETP 40.00 3.30
9 Utility Area 40.00 3.30
10 OHC + Office 15.00 1.20
11 Security Cabin + UG Tank & Pump House 12.00 1.00
12 Greenbelt Area 245.00 20.0
13 Parking, Road and Paved Area 400.00 32.7
Total plot area 1222 100.0

 Area Bifurcation:

Sr. Area Percentage

Particular
No. (m2) (%)

Built Up
1 577.00 47.22
area

Green belt
2 245.00 20.08
area

Open/ Road
3 400.00 32.70
area

Total 1222 100

Chapter-2: Project Description 2.5

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

2.5.2 Plant Layout:

Figure 2.4: Plant Layout

Chapter-2: Project Description 2.6

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

2.5.3 Environmental settings

Table 2.2: Environmental settings of the project site
Sr.
Environmental Sensitivities Actual Distance
No.
1 Vitthal Udyog nagar @ 2.0 Km, NE
Residential
Mogri @ 1.25 km, ENE
Public buildings None within 10 km
Vitthal Udyog nagar @ 2.0 Km, NE
Inhabited sites
Mogri @ 1.25 km, ENE
Protected monuments, None within 10 km
Heritage sites None within 10 km
Gujarat SH-83 @ 1.68 km, N
National / State Highway
NH-228 / SH-75 @ 3.8 km, SE
District roads / Public roads None within 10 km
Railway line / area Karamsad railway station @ 0.8 Km, N
Ropeway or Ropeway trestle or station None within 10 km
Bridges None within 10 km
Dams/ Reservoirs/ River/ Canal None within 10 km
Lakes / Tanks Mogri Lake @ 1.7 km, E
Gana Lake @ 1.9 km, S
2 Eco-Sensitive Zone None within 10 km
3 Distance of Coastal line from the site None within 10 km

2.6 SIZE OR MAGNITUDE OF OPERATION

2.6.1 Products and Production Capacities
Proposed project manufacturing products and capacity are given in below table:
Table 2.3: Products and production capacities
Quantity (MT/Month)
Sr.
Name of Products CAS No. Total after Uses
No. Existing Proposed
expansion
1 Unsaturated Polyester -- 8 242 250 Micro coating
Resin doors, water
2 Orthophthalic Resin 100-42-5 park rides,
(Ortho phthalates) anticorrosive
3 Isophthalic Resin (Iso 100-42-5 tanks, photo
phthalates) lamination,
4 Vinyl Ester Resin 100-42-5 FRP industries
5 Polyethylene 100-42-5 & Home décor
terephthalate Resin industries.
6 Phenol Formaldehyde 9003-35-4 00 10 10 FRP
Resin Industries
7 Solution Epoxy Resin 25085-99-8 00 50 50 Paint
Industries
Total 8 302 310

Chapter-2: Project Description 2.7

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

2.6.2 Raw Materials Requirement

Sources of Raw Material: Traders and distributors from Domestic market.
Mode of Transportation: Raw materials & finished product will be transported by road
(Liquid in drums/tanker & solid materials in bags).
Details of the raw materials are given in below table:
Table 2.4: Details of Raw Materials
Sr. Quantity
Name of Products Name of Raw Materials CAS No.
no. (MT/Month)
1 Orthophthalic Resin Phthalic anhydride 85-44-9 63.85
(Ortho phthalates) Maleic anhydride 108-31-6 38.2
Propylene Glycol 57-55-6 39.75
Mono Ethylene Glycol 107-21-1 2.35
Di-Ethylene Glycol 111-46-6 14.1
MP-Diol 2163-42-0 2.35
Styrene 100-42-5 104.25
2 Isophthalic Resin Iso Phthalic acid 121-91-5 10.5
(Iso phthalates)
Pure Terephthalic acid 100-21-0 44.8
Maleic anhydride 108-31-6 54.4
Propylene Glycol 57-55-6 46.9
MP-Diol 2163-42-0 24.4
Mono Ethylene Glycol 107-21-1 7.45
Di-Ethylene Glycol 111-46-6 3.35
Styrene 100-42-5 80.15
3 Vinyl Ester Resin Epoxy 25085-99-8 119.5
Bis-phenol 9980-05-7 15
Methacrylic acid 79-41-4 33
Maleic anhydride 108-31-6 7.5
4-Styrene 100-42-5 75
4 Polyethylene Polyethylene terephthalate 25038-59-9 73
terephthalate Resin (PET)
Maleic anhydride 108-31-6 42.5
Propylene Glycol 57-55-6 2.5
Mono Ethylene Glycol 107-21-1 7.05
Di-Ethylene Glycol 111-46-6 43.8
Styrene 100-42-5 89
5 Phenol Formaldehyde Phenol(92%) 108-95-2 6.91
Resin
Formaldehyde (37%) 50-00-0 8.03
6 Solution Epoxy Resin Epoxy 25085-99-8 29.5
Bis-phenol 9980-05-7 8.75
Xylene 95-47-6 11.75

Chapter-2: Project Description 2.8

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Table 2.5: Storage details of Chemicals

Sr. Name of Raw Materials PhysicalRequirement Mode of Capacity Total No. Storage
No Form (MT/Month) Storage of storage of Inventory
storage capacity Units (Day)
unit (MT) (MT)
1 Phthalic anhydride Solid 63.85 Bags 0.05 6.4 128 3
2 Styrene Liquid 104.25 Tank 5 10.4 2 3
3 Iso Phthalic acid Solid 10.5 Bags 0.05 1.1 21 3
4 Pure Terephthalic acid Solid 44.8 Bags 0.05 4.5 90 3
5 Maleic anhydride Solid 54.4 Bags 0.05 5.4 110 3
6 Propylene Glycol Liquid 46.9 Tanks 5 4.7 1 3
7 MP-Diol Liquid 24.4 Tanks 5 2.4 10 3
8 Mono Ethylene Glycol Liquid 7.45 Tanks 5 0.7 1 3
9 Epoxy Resin Liquid 150 Barrel 0.25 15.0 60 3
10 Bis-phenol Solid 24 Bags 0.05 2.4 48 3
11 Methacrylic acid Solid 33 Barrel 0.05 3.3 66 3
12 Polyethylene Solid 73 Bags 0.05 7.3 146 3
Terephthalate (PET)
13 Di-Ethylene Glycol Liquid 43.8 Tanks 5 4.4 1 3
14 Xylene Liquid 11.75 Barrel 0.25 1.2 5 3
15 Phenol(92%) Liquid 6.91 Barrel 0.25 0.7 3 3
16 Formaldehyde (37%) Liquid 8.03 Barrel 0.25 0.8 4 3

2.7 PROPOSED SCHEDULE FOR APPROVAL AND IMPLEMENTATION

In order to control and regulate the development of the resin project, a legal framework
has been developed by Govt. of India. Accordingly, several clearances and approvals
shall be required to be obtained from different Government and Statutory Agencies at
various stages of development and operation at phase of the project. Indicative list of
Approvals /Clearances to be obtained from Govt. Authorities for this project are as
below:
Project implementation schedule
Activity 2022 2023
Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb
ToR (Terms of Reference)
Baseline Monitoring
Environment Clearance (EC)
ToR to CTE Application
Plant Installation
Erection & commissioning
Consent to Operate (CTO)

Chapter-2: Project Description 2.9

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

2.8 MANUFACTURING PROCESS of unsaturated polyester resins

In General Practice, first product will be manfacture on lab scale then product will be
manufactured at pilot plant. After successful pilot plant batch, product will be
manfuafctured in process plant. However, in any case, product capacity will remain
well within the permissible limit.

Same as in existing unit, best available eco-friendly technology will be used to

manufacturing products which will give maximum yield at optimum resources
requirements and minimum waste generation.

1) Orthophthalic Resin (Ortho phthalates)

Process Description :
The manufacture of Ortho phthalates involves reacting glycols such as propylene
glycol, Mono ethylene glycol, Di ethylene glycol etc. with saturated anhydrides like
phthalic anhydride etc., and unsaturated anhydrides such as maleic anhydride at the
temperature range of 160 to 210°C. During the reaction the by-product evolved is
water. After completion of the reaction, the reaction mass is blended with styrene
monomer below 65°C and properties are adjusted according to customer
requirement then supplied in MS epoxy coated drums.
Chemical Reaction:
O
O

O + OH + O
HO

O
propylene glycol
O
phthalic anhydride Maleic anhydride
Reaction
at 160 to 210°C
Fusion process

O CH3 O O

H
C O CH2 C O C CH CH C O C CH2O
H

O CH3 O O CH3

H
C O CH2 C O C CH CH C O C CH2O
H
Probable orthophthalate Resin structure CH3
+ by product water (H2O)

blending with styrene monomer

Orthophthalate Resin dissolved in styrene

Chapter-2: Project Description 2.10

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Mass balance:
Input Quantity Output Quantity
(Kg/Batch) (Kg/Batch)
Phthalic anhydride 1277 Product 5000.0
Maleic anhydride 764 Effluent 297.0
Propylene Glycol 795
Mono Ethylene Glycol 47
Di-Ethylene Glycol 282
MP-Diol 47
Styrene 2085
Total 5297.0 Total 5297.0
2) Isophthalic Resin (Iso phthalates)
Process Description:
The manufacture of iso phthalates involves reacting glycols such as propylene
glycol, Neo pentyl glycol and 2-methyl propane diol etc., with saturated acid
Isophthalic acid in I step at the temperature range of 160 to 210°C. In II step the
step I reaction mass is reacted with unsaturated anhydrides such as maleic
anhydride and propylene glycol at the same temperature range. During the reaction
the by-product evolved is water. After completion of the reaction, the reaction mass
is blended with styrene monomer below 65°C and properties are adjusted according
to customer requirement then supplied in MS epoxy coated drums.
Chemical Reaction:

Step I

CH3 CH3
catalyst
HO OH + OH HOH2C HC H2C O O CH2 C CH2OH
HO 180 to 215°C H
O O O O
propylene glycol
Isophthalic acid + H2O

Step II

CH3 CH3 O

HOH2C HC H2C O O CH2 C CH2OH + O + OH

H
HO
O O O
Maleic Propylene
anhydride Glycol

CH3
CH3 CH3 O O

OH2C HC H2C O O CH2 C CH2O C C C C O C CH2O

H H H H
O O
Isophthalate Resin
+ H 2O
blending with
styrene monomer

ISOPHTHALATE POLYESTER DISSOLVED IN STYRENE

Chapter-2: Project Description 2.11

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Mass balance:
Input Quantity Output Quantity
(Kg/Batch) (Kg/Batch)
Iso Phthalic acid 210 Product 5000.0
Pure Terephthalic acid 896 Effluent Stream 439.0
Maleic anhydride 1088
Propylene Glycol 938
MP-Diol 488
Mono Ethylene Glycol 149
Di-Ethylene Glycol 67
Styrene 1603
Total 5439.0 Total 5439.0

3) Vinyl ester
Process Description:
The manufacture of vinyl ester involves selective ring opening epoxy group of epoxy
resin and subsequent addition of unsaturated acid such as acrylic or methacrylic acid
below 100°C.
Chemical Reaction:

O CH3 OH CH3 O
H2 H2
H 2C C C O C O CH2 C CH2 O C O C C CH2
H H H
CH3 n CH3

OH
Methacrylic acid

Catalyst, heat

CH3 O O CH3
CH3 OH CH3
H2 H H2 H2 H H2
CH2 C C O C C C O C O CH2 C CH2 O C O C C C O C C CH2
H
OH CH3 n CH3 OH

Vinyl Ester Resin

Blending with
Styrene monomer

VINYL ESTER DISSOLVED IN STYRENE MONOMER

Chapter-2: Project Description 2.12

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Mass balance:
Quantity Quantity
Input Output
(Kg/Batch) (Kg/Batch)
Epoxy 2390.00 Product 5000.0
Bis-phenol 300.00
Methacrylic acid 660.00
Maleic anhydride 150.00
Styrene 1500.00
Total 5000.0 Total 5000.0

4) Polyethylene terephthalate Resin

Process Description:
The manufacture of Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) reacts with Propylene Glycol in
the reactor. The mixture is mechanically stirred and heated to 150 ˚C to 170 ˚C.
When reaction mass become clear, it is allowed to cool at room temperature and then
Maleic Anhydride (MA) is added and continuously heated up to 200 ˚C – 210. During
esterification reaction water is formed as a part of reaction, which is continuously
removed from the reaction mass as it inhibits the reaction rate. Then the produced
unsaturated polyester resin is cooled to 160 ˚C. When resin temperature is dropped
below the boiling point of reactive diluent (i.e. Styrene), the polyester resins are
mixed with Styrene. This mixture is ready for packing.
Mass balance:
Quantity Quantity
Input Output
(Kg/Batch) (Kg/Batch)
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) 1460 Product 5000
Maleic anhydride 850 Effluent 157
Propylene Glycol 50
Mono Ethylene Glycol 141
Di-Ethylene Glycol 876
Styrene 1780
Total 5157 Total 5157

Chapter-2: Project Description 2.13

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

5) Phenol Formaldehyde Resin

Process Description:
To manufacture of phenol formaldehyde resins, it involves the raw materials such as
phenol, formaldehyde (37%) and catalyst. After charging all the raw materials the
reaction kettle is heated up to 80 to 100°C and molecular weight of the resin is build
up by maintain at same temperature and vacuum distillation. The final properties of
the resin are adjusted according to customer requirement then supplied in HMHDPE
drums or Epoxy coated MS drums.
Chemical Reaction:

OH OH

CH2OH

OH

O
CATALYST
+ + H2O
H C H F/P>1 CH2OH

OH

PHENOL FORMALDEHYDE RESOLE

CH2OH

PHENOL FORMALDEHYDE RESIN

Mass balance:

Quantity Quantity
Input Output
(Kg/Batch) (Kg/Batch)
Phenol(92%) 691.00 Product 1000.00
Formaldehyde(37%) 803.00 Effluent 494.00
Total 1494.00 Total 1494.00

6) Solution Epoxy Resin

Process Description:
All the raw materials like epoxy, Bis-Phenol and xylene will be mixed in a closed
Reaction vessel. The mixture will be stirred and heated up to 70 oC. Moisture/Water
will be removed from the Vessel as per the batch size. Vacuum Distillation will be
carried out to bring out excess EP Chloro Hydrine which will be reused in the next
batch. The mass is cooled Epoxy Resin is ready.

Chapter-2: Project Description 2.14

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Mass Balance:
Quantity Quantity
Input Output
(Kg/Batch) (Kg/Batch)
Epoxy 590 Product 1000.0
Bis-phenol 175
Xylene 235
Total 1000.0 Total 1000.0

2.9 PLANT INFRASTRUCTURE AND BASIC REQUIREMENTS

2.9.1 List of Plant Machineries

Proposed project machineries are sufficient to produce proposed production capacity.

Details of plant machineries are given in below table:

Table 2.6: List of Proposed Plant Machineries

Sr. Capacity/Size of
Type of Equipment Quantity
no. equipment
1 Thermic Fluid Heater (TFH) 2 Nos. Cap.: 4 Lacs Kcal/Hr & 1
Lacs Kcal/Hr
2 Cooling Tower 1 Capacity 200 TR
3 Chiller Screw Type Having Delta is 6 Deg. 1 Capacity 100 TR
4 Compressor 1 Capacity 200 CFM
5 Deisel Generator 1 62 KVA
6 Vacuum Pump (Water Ring) 1 Cap. 220 M3/Hr., 10HP
7 Condenser 1 Capacity 50M2
8 Receiver 1 Capacity 750 Litres
9 Resin & Liquid Transfer Pump 3 --

2.9.2 Water requirement

During Construction phase:
During construction phase, water requirement will be met through the GIDC water.
Sanitary facilities will also be used by construction workmen.
During Operation phase:
At present, the source of fresh water is GIDC and the same source will be continued
after the proposed expansion. At present, water requirement is 0.30 KLD, which will be
increase up to 52.6 KLD. At present, Domestic water requirement is 0.05 KLD, which will
be increase up to 1.0 KLD and industrial water requirement will be increase from 0.250
KLD to 50.1 KLD. For gardening purpose, water requirement will be 1.5 KLD.

Total water requirement after proposed expansion will be 52.6 KLD, out of which 12.8
KLD will be fresh water and 39.8 KLD (38 KLD Condenstae Water + 1.8 KLD Reuse

Chapter-2: Project Description 2.15

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

water) will be recycle water. Domestic wastewater generations will be 0.8 KLD, which
will be treated in ETP-1 consisting primary, secondary & tertiary treatment along with
industrial waste water generated from cooling blow down. Total 1.0 KLD industrial
wastewater generated from process and washing will be treated in ETP-2 consisting
fanton reactor where COD/BOD load will be reduced. After sludge separation it will be
stored in storage tank from where it will be evaporated in thermic evaporator. Hence, unit
will achieve Zero Liquid discharge (ZLD).
Table 2.7: Water Consumption and Waste water generation details
Water Consumption

Water Consumption (KLD)

Sr.
Particulars Total after Remarks
No. Existing Proposed
expansion
1 Domestic 0.05 0.95 1.0 Fresh water
2 Gardening 0.0 1.5 1.5 Fresh water
3 Industrial
a) Process 0.00 00 00 --
b) Washing 0.00 0.10 0.10 Fresh water
c) Cooling 0.250 49.75 50.0 38 KLD Condensate
water + 10.2 KLD
Fresh water +1.8
KLD Reuse water
Sub-total 0.250 49.85 50.1 38 KLD Condensate
(Industrial) water + 10.3 KLD
Fresh water +1.8
KLD Reuse water
Grand Total 0.300 52.3 52.6 38 KLD Condensate
water + 12.8 KLD
Fresh water + 1.8
KLD Reuse water
Waste water Generation

Wastewater Generation (KLD)

Sr.
Particulars Total after Remarks
No. Existing Proposed
expansion
1 Domestic 0.05 0.75 0.8 ETP -1
2 Industrial
a) Process 0.00 0.90 0.90 ETP-2
b) Washing 0.00 0.10 0.10
c) Cooling 0.00 1.50 1.50 ETP -1
Sub-total (Industrial) 0.00 2.50 2.50 --
Grand Total 0.05 3.25 3.30 --

Chapter-2: Project Description 2.16

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Figure 2.5: Water Balance Diagram

Total Water Consumption

Fresh Water: 12.8 KLD Total water requirement
Reuse Water: 39.8 KLD 52.6 KLD (12.8 KLD Fresh + 38 KLD
Total: 52.6 KLD Condensate + 1.8 KLD reuse water)

Industrial
Gardening 50.1 KLD (10.3 KLD Fresh + 38 KLD
Domestic 1.5 KLD Condensate + 1.8 KLD reuse water)
1.0 KLD
38 KLD
Sewage (C)
Cooling (12 KLD) Washing
0.8 KLD Process
10.2 KLD (F) + 1.8 0.1 KLD
0 KLD
KLD (R)

Wastewater
Wastewater 0.1 KLD Wastewater
1.0 KLD 0.9 KLD

1.0 KLD
ETP 2
0.8 KLD ETP 1 1.0 KLD
1.8 KLD

Thermic
Evaporator
1.0 KLD

C : Condensate water
Recycle Water
Fresh Water

Chapter-2: Project Description 2.17

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat
Table 2.8: Stream-wise characteristics of Effluent
Composite
Sr. Sewage Cooling After ETP-1
Parameters Unit wastewater
No water Blow down (Reuse for cooling)
at ETP-1
Quantity KLD 0.8 1.0 1.8 1.8
1 pH -- 7.0-8.0 7.0 - 8.0 7.0 - 8.0 6.0 - 8.0
2 TDS mg/l 1200-1400 2000-2200 1600-1800 < 1800
3 COD mg/l 300 - 400 -- 150 - 200 < 50
4 BOD mg/l 120- 150 -- 60 - 80 < 20
5 SS mg/l 150 - 200 150 - 200 150 - 200 < 10

After ETP-2
Sr. Composite
Parameters Unit Process Washing (Evaporate in
No waste water
thermic evaporator)
Quantity KLD 0.9 0.1 1.0 1.0
1 pH -- 4.0-5.0 6.0-7.0 4.0-5.0 6.0 - 8.0
2 TDS mg/l 25000-30000 3000 - 4000 23000-27000 <30000
3 COD mg/l 5000 - 6000 700 - 800 4500 - 5500 <1000
4 BOD mg/l 1200 - 1500 150- 200 1100 - 1300 <300
5 SS mg/l 100 - 150 100 - 120 100 - 150 <50

2.9.3 Power requirement

At present total power requirement is 27 HP, which will be increase up to 50 HP after

proposed expansion. Total power requirement will be fulfilled by Madhya Gujarat Vij
Company Limited. After expansion unit will install 62 kVA capacity D. G. Set, which will
be treated as standby source of power requirement and used only during failure of power
supply by state grid.

2.9.4 Fuel requirement

Natural gas will be used as a fuel for Thermic Fluid Heaters and Diesel will be used as a
fuel for D.G sets. Detail of the same is given in below table.
Table 2.9: Details of Fuel Requirement
Sr. No. Name of utility Fuel & its requirement
Thermic Fluid Heater
1. 1250 SCM/Day
(1 Lac Kcal/hr & 4 Lac Kcal/hr)
2. D. G. Set (62 KVA) Diesel : 150 Lit/Day

2.9.5 Manpower requirement

After proposed expansion, project will provide direct employment to total 10 (Existing 06
+ Proposed 04) people whereas it will provide employment to many others indirectly.

Chapter-2: Project Description 2.18

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

2.10 EMISSION, EFFLUENT GENERATION & WASTE GENERATION WITH

CONTROL SYSTEM
2.10.1 Air Emission
a) Flue Gas Emission
At present flue gas emission is from Thermic Fluid heater (1 Lac Kcal/hr).
After proposed expansion, source of flue gas emission will be Thermic Fluid heater (4
Lac Kcal/hr & 1 Lac Kcal/hr) and D.G. Set (62 KVA). Details of which are given below
and also given in table 2.10.

Table 2.10: Details of Flue Gas stacks

Pollutants &
Sr. Stack Fuel
Stack attached to Permissible APCM
No. Height (m) Requirement
limit
 Existing Scenario
11 LDO @ 5 PM, SO2, Adequate
Thermic Fluid Heater NOx
1. Liter/Day stack
(1 Lakh Kcal/hr)
height
 Scenario after Proposed Expansion
1. Thermic Fluid Heater 25 Natural Gas @ PM, SO2, Adequate
(1 Lakh Kcal/Hr) 250 SCM/day NOx stack
2. Thermic Fluid Heater Natural Gas @ height
(4 Lakh Kcal/Hr) 1000 SCM/day
3. D. G. Set 11 HSD @ 150 Adequate
(62 KVA) L/Day stack
(Stand by) height

b) Process Gas Emission :

There will be no process gas emission occurred from the manufacturing process.
c) Fugutive Emission :
In proposed expsansion activities, there will be chances of generation of particulate
matters and VOC from material handling area, process area, storage area etc. There
will be also changes of generation of PM (Dust) from packing/finishing area.

2.10.2 Effluent generation and its management

During Operation phase:
Treatment Scheme:
There will be two separate ETP for wastewater to be generated from various sources.
High concentration stream generatd from washing and Process will be separately
collected and treated in ETP-2 having fanton reactor and sludge separation units .

Chapter-2: Project Description 2.19

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

ETP-1 will be having primary chemical, secondary and tertiary treatment facility which
will treat domestic effluent and industrial effluents other than process wastewater.
Following are the details of both ETPs.
Effluent treatment plant-1:
Industrial effluent other than process like blowdown from cooling tower and domestic,
total @ 1.8 KLD will be treated in ETP-1. Effluent other than domestic will be collected in
collection tank where the same will be neutralized and chemically treated. After sludge
separation, it will be taken to aeration tank where domestic effluent will be mixed. All
effluents will be biologically treated and after sludge separation it will be reused for
cooling.
ETP Units:

Collection Primary Secondary

cum Aeration Storage Tertiary
Settling Settling Treated
treatment tank tank Filtration water reuse
Tank Tank 2 KL 100 L/hr
Tank 2 KL for cooling
1 KL 1 KL
2 KL
Sludge Drying Beds
5 KL

Sludge to TSDF
Effluent treatment plant-2:
Total 1.0 KLD process & washing effluent will be treated in fanton reactor where
COD/BOD load will be reduced. After sludge separation it will be stored in storage tank
from where it will be evaporated in thermic evaporator.

ETP Units:

Collection cum
Settling Storage tank Thermic
treatment Tank
Tank Evaporator
(Fanton reactor) 1 KL
0.8 KL
1 KL

Sludge to TSDF

2.10.3 Details of Hazardous Waste Management

Discarded drums/Containers, used/spent oil will be the hazardous waste generated from
raw aterial storage and plant machineries respectively. ETP Sludge and evaporation salt
will be generated from effluent treatment plant. From manufacturing process sludge will
be the hazardous waste generated.
Empty drums/bags will be sent to authorized recycler for recycle purpose, while
used/spent oil will be sent to authorized re-processors. ETP waste evaporation salt will
be collected, stored and disposed at TSDF. Process sludge generated from process will

Chapter-2: Project Description 2.20

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

be dispose of to the CHWIF facility. The details of Hazardous wastes are shown in below
table:
Table 2.11: Hazardous waste Management

Name of Quantity (MT/Annum)

Sr. Cat. Method of
the Sources Total after
No. No. Existing Proposed Disposal
Waste expansion
1 Used Oil Machinery 5.1 00 0.020 0.020 Collection,
Storage,
Transportation and
reused within
premises, if excess
then Disposed by
selling to
registered recycler
2 Discharged Raw 33.1 0.040 0.96 1.0 Collection,
Bags/ Material Storage,
Containers/ Transportation,
Drums Decontamination &
Sale to GPCB
approved
recycler/reuse.
3 ETP Sludge Effluent 35.3 00 75 75 Collection, storage,
Treatment transportation and
Plant sent to TSDF.
4 Evaporation Thermic 35.3 00 25 25 Collection, storage,
salt Evaporator transportation and
sent to TSDF.
5 Process Process 23.1 0.240 -0.240 000* Collected, Storage,
sludge Transportation
and Disposal by
sending it to
common
Incineration facility.
* Process waste is written in CCA, but process sludge is not generated from the manufacturing process of
any product.

2.11 SAFETY & OCCUPATIONAL MEASURE FOR STORAGE & HANDLING OF

THE RAW MATERIAL & PRODUCT
To prevent any spillage, accident and impacts of human health following safety measure
will be taken while handling the raw material and products.
2.11.1 Storage & Handling of Hazardous Chemicals
 Company is planning to stock all the necessary material as minimum as possible.
 All containers with hazardous chemicals labelled indicating the contents and warning
of the hazard.
 Necessary information on safe handling and first aid measures and antidotes of
major hazardous material is available on the label.
 Workers dealing with hazardous chemicals are trained on health risks and safe
handling.

Chapter-2: Project Description 2.21

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

 Exposure to hazardous chemicals is minimized.

 Liquid Hazardous chemicals transferred in closed piping system.
 Separate storage section provided for storage of hazardous and non-hazardous raw
materials.

2.11.2 Vessel and other Equipment related

 Checking of process vessels and equipment carried out regularly.
 Records related to maintenance and its planning schedule maintained.

2.11.3 Fire related

 Fire extinguishers are provided at all prominent places in the plant. Contact numbers
of nearest firefighting station is provided.
 Sprinkler system is provided over hazardous chemical storage area.

2.11.4 Electrical related

 All electrical fitting and motors in the storage areas are flame proof.
 Checking of all earthings, wiring & connection are carried out regularly.
 Proper earthing is provided at all equipments and will be provided for additional
equipment.
 Adequate Nos. of earth pits is provided.

2.11.5 Safety related

 Adequate types of personal protective equipment is provided and also safety training
is provided to workers.
 Emergency showers and eye wash stations is provided at work place.
 Arrangement for 24 hr. medical facilities by contact with nearest health care centre/
hospital.
 Pre-employment medical check-up and annual medical check-up will be carried out
and its records will be maintained properly.
 Safety audit is carried out regularly.

2.11.6 Noise level and control system

Extensive oiling and lubrication and preventive maintenance is carried out to reduce
noise generation at source to the permissible limit. However, at place where noise level
can exceed the permissible limit, Earplugs and Earmuffs are provided to those working in
such area.
2.11.7 Control of Fugitive Emission:

 Airborne dust at all transfers operations/ points is / will be controlled either by spraying
water or providing enclosures.

Chapter-2: Project Description 2.22

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

 Care will be taken to store construction material properly to prevent fugitive emissions,
if any.
 Raw materials loading and unloading will be done in covered area.
 Regular maintenance of valves, pumps, flanges, joints and other equipment will be
done to prevent leakages and thus minimizing the fugitive emissions of VOCs.
 Entire process will be carried out in the closed reactors with proper maintenance of
pressure and temperature.
 Periodic monitoring of work area will be carried out to check the fugitive emission.
 Breather valves will be provided on solvent tanks.
 To eliminate chances of leakages from glands of pumps, mechanical seal will be
provided at all solvent pumps.
 Minimum number of flanges, joints and valves in pipelines.
 Adequate ventilation will be provided.
 Periodic monitoring of work area will be carried out to check the fugitive emission.
 Raw materials will be stored in storage area on pallets on PCC flooring. Hazardous
chemicals will be stored in isolated storage area.
 Pucca flooring will be provided on the inner roads of the factory to control SPM
concentration in ambient air.
 The unit has already developed Green Belt in the industrial premises.
2.12 DETAILS OF SURROUNDING INDUSTRIES:
Proposed site is located in bhachau taluka having many different scale companies.
However, below are some surrounding working units.
Table 2.12: Details of Surrounding Industries

Sr. No. Name of Industry Type

1 Margen Impex Pvt Ltd Electronic items manufacturer
2 Laksh Finechem Pvt. Ltd. Pharmaceutical company
3 Shivansh plastic Plastic granule manuactures
4 Sealvel Rubber Products Pvt. Ltd. Rubber Manuacturer
5 Chemfilt Resin, pigment, paint processing
units
6 Saiex Flameproof Equipments Pvt Manufacturer of flame proof
Ltd. lighting, etc.
7 Rotex Automation Limited (Unit 2) Manufacturer of different valves
8 Cipriani Harrison Valves Pvt. Ltd. Manufacturer of different valves
9 Berger Paint Paint manufacturer
10 Anupam-MHI Industries Limited Manufacturer of various cranes

Chapter-2: Project Description 2.23

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

CHAPTER – 3 DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT

3.1 INTRODUCTION

The baseline environmental qualities of various environmental components like air,

noise, water, land, flora and fauna and socio-economic form an important and integral
part of any environmental study. The baseline data forms the basis for
predicting/assessing the environmental impacts of the proposed project. The baseline
environmental quality is assessed through field surveys within the impact zone as well as
secondary data for various components of the environment, viz. air, noise, water, land
and socio-economic.

Study Period:

As part of EIA study, baseline environmental monitoring was done during the period of
March, 2022 to May, 2022 i.e. summer season. Various environmental components
were monitored and samples were analysed. The baseline quality of various components
of the environment, viz. air, noise, water, and land, biology, meteorological and socio-
economic is assessed within the impact zone of about 10 km around the proposed site.
Secondary data has also been incorporated from authentic sources viz.
Government/Non-Governmental Agencies, Universities, Indian Meteorological
Department (IMD), Ground Water Board etc.

Study Area:

The proposed project is located at Plot No. 1703/4, Phase IV, Vithal Udhyog Nagar
GIDC, Taluka & District: Anand in Gujarat State. The coordinates of the site is
22°31'30.44"N, 72°55'0.54"E. An area of 10 km radius from the boundary of the project
site is considered as study area for the EIA study as per the TOR issued by SEIAA,
Gujarat.

The baseline environmental study has been conducted for the study area within 10 km
radius of the project site.

3.2 METHODOLOGY

The methodology for conducting the baseline environmental survey has been obtained
from the guidelines provided in the “EIA Guidance Manual for Synthetic organic chemicals
Industry” issued by the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF). Environmental
attributes and frequency of monitoring is given in below table:

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.1

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Table 3.1: Environmental Attributes & Frequency of Monitoring

Sr. Attribute Parameters No. of Frequency of Measurement

No. Sampling Monitoring / Methods
Locations Data Collection
1 Meteorology Wind speed & 1 March 2022 to By installation
direction, May 2022 of weather
temperature, (Hourly) monitoring
relative humidity, station
rainfall
2 Ambient air PM10, PM2.5, 8 24 hourly RDS and FPS
quality SO2, NOx, VOC, samples twice a with gaseous
CO, HC week. attachment kit
3 Noise levels Noise levels in 8 Once in a Sound level
dB(A) Leq. season for day Meter
time and night
time
4 Ground water Physical, 8 Once in a Grab samples
quality chemical and season collected and
bacteriological Analysed as
parameters per APHA,
including pH, “Standard
temperature, Methods”
turbidity, (23rd edition)
magnesium and as per IS
hardness, total 3025.
alkalinity,
chlorides,
sulphates,
fluoride, Copper,
DO, BOD, COD,
salinity, Zinc,
Lead, Arsenic
5 Biological Flora and fauna Study Area Through field Primary survey
environment visits and and secondary
substantiated data utilized
through
secondary data
sources.
6 Soil Physical, 8 Once in a Manual
characteristics chemical and season sample
biological Collection in
parameters polyethylene
including pH, bags using
Total Hardness, an Auger
Nitrites, and
Phosphates, analysed as
Organic matter, per APHA,
Fluorides, Total “Standard
Iron, Nickel, Methods”
Copper and (23rd edition)
Lead, TOC, and IS 2720.

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.2

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Sr. Attribute Parameters No. of Frequency of Measurement

No. Sampling Monitoring / Methods
Locations Data Collection
Permeability.
7 Land use / Land use for Study Area Land use / Land --
Land Cover different land Cover Analysis
use using satellite
Classifications. imaging and GIS
Technique
8 Socio- Socio-economic Study Area Based on field Primary survey
economic characteristics, survey and data and secondary
Environment labour force collected from data utilized
characteristics, Census of India
population
statistics existing
amenities in the
study area and
quality of life.

3.3 HYDRO-GEOLOGY OF THE STUDY AREA

Large areas of western part of the Anand district have shallow ground water levels and
face problem of water logging and ground water salinity. This area is formed of fine soil
and display poor drainage. Due to over application of canal irrigation there is a gradual
shallowing of water table over the years, this has caused increase in salinity of soils.

The Anand district lies in the Cambay basin situated between Saurashtra Crater and
Aravali Swell and Deccan Shield in the east. The basin comprises both marine and non-
marine formations. Major part of the district is underlain by alluvium which in turn is
underlain by Tertiary sedimentary formations within The Cambay Sedimentary Basin. The
alluvium mainly consists of fine to coarse grained sand, gravel, silt, clay and Kankar. The
thickness of alluvium gradually increases from piedmont zone in the northeast towards
west and south west. Maximum thickness of alluvium in the district is estimated to be
about 250-300min the south, central part.

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.3

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Figure 3.1: Satellite Image of Study area

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.4

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Figure 3.2: Hydrogeological map of study Area

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.5

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Figure 3.3: Geological Structure of Gujarat State

3.4 TOPOGRAPHY

Topography of the study area is plain as there are no hills, hillocks or undulating land
within the study area. The topography of the study area is plain, the general elevation
ranges from 3 m to 67 m above msl. The study area falls in seismic zone III.

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.6

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Figure 3.4: Topo map of Project Site covering 10 Km radius

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.7

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

3.5 LAND USE

The basic purpose of land use pattern and classification in an EIA study is to identify the
manner in which different parts of land in an area are being utilized or not utilized.
Remote sensing data provides reliable accurate baseline information for land use
mapping, as it is a rapid method of acquiring up-to-date information of over a large
geological area.

A systematic digital image interpretation approach was used to delineate the land use
classes. The present study was focused on demarcating boundaries of different land
use/land cover units from an analysis of different types of color registrations of land
use/land cover units from satellite imagery. Data Used in the land use map preparation is
the satellite Imagery of Indian Remote Sensing Satellite (IRS- ID, sensor P6, LISS III) of
24 m resolution.

Table 3.2: Land use Distribution of the study area

LULC Class Area in Ha. % of Area

Agriculture Land 23760.92 75.62%
Pond/Lake 136.73 0.44%
Settlement 1811.12 5.76%
Urban Built Up 3574.95 11.38%
Open Scrub Land 901.34 2.87%
Industry 519.99 1.65%
Mixed Built Up 717.25 2.28%
Total 32270.87 100%

The land use land cover has been prepared for study area of 10 km radius comprising
32270.87 ha. From the above table, Agriculture land is (23760.92 ha), Pond/Lake is
(136.73 ha), Settlement (1811.12 ha), Urban built up (3574.95 ha), Open scrub land
(901.34), Industry (519.99 ha), and mixed built up (717.25 ha). Land Use Distribution of
the Study Area (10 km Radius).

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.8

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Figure 3.5: Land Use Distribution of the study area (10 Km Radius)

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.9

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

3.6 SEISMICITY OF THE STUDY AREA

As per the earthquake sensitivity index the unit is situated in Zone-V referred as Very
High Damage Risk Zone. The seismic study shown in Figure 3.6.

Figure 3.6: Seismic Zones of Gujarat

3.7 CLIMATE OF THE REGION

The climate of the region is classified as tropical dry climate as per Koppel Climate
classification, with following four main seasons:
Winter season : December to February
Summer : March to May
Monsoon season : June to September
Post monsoon season : October to November

3.7.1 Site Specific Meteorology

Site specific climatic condition refers to average weather comprising of temperature,

relative humidity, wind speed, rainfall, cloud cover etc. This determines the baseline
conditions and probable impacts on environmental parameters with respect to the
Project. The site specific climatic conditions are given below in the below table.

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.10

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Table 3.3: Site Specific Climatic Conditions

Relative Wind Speed

Month -- Temp °C Rainfall mm
Humidity % km/hr
Min 23 12 4
March, 22 00
Max 38 49 27
Min 28 13 6
April, 22 00
Max 40 58 28
Min 27 18 8
May, 22 00
Max 42 62 38

The maximum temperature is in the month of May (42°C) and minimum temperature is in
the month of March (23°C).

The Maximum Relative Humidity is in the month of January (88 %) and minimum is also
in the month of December & February (12 %).

3.7.2 Wind Rose

It can be observed that in the study period, wind blows mostly from West & SSW
direction. Average wind speed is 4.52 m/s. Wind rose diagram during study period is
shown in below figure:

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.11

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Figure 3.7: Wind Rose

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.12

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

3.8 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY

Reconnaissance
The quality of ambient air depends upon the background concentrations of specific
contaminants, the emission sources and meteorological conditions. The study on
baseline ambient air quality status in the project area is an essential and primary
requirement for assessing the impacts on air environment due to any proposed
developmental activity.

The baseline studies on air environment include identification of specific air pollution
parameters expected to have significant impacts and assessing their existing levels in
ambient air within the impact zone. To assess the baseline status of ambient air quality in
the study area monitoring is undertaken to ascertain the baseline pollutant
concentrations in ambient air.

Methodology for air Monitoring:

AAQM was carried out and AAQM locations were monitored on 24 hourly average bases
twice in a week as per guidelines of CPCB and NAAQS. The conventional and project
specific parameters such as particulate matter PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOx, HC, VOC and CO
were monitored.

Selection of Stations for Sampling:

For EIA/ EMP, the purpose is to ascertain the baseline pollutant concentrations in
ambient air. Accordingly, the criterion can be selected to ascertain quality of air on
human settlements or environmentally sensitive areas if any located in the 10 km radius
study area.

The locations for AAQM study were selected within the 10 km radius of the proposed
plant installation. Ambient air quality was monitored on 8 locations to generate
representative ambient air quality data. The sampling locations are shown in Figure 3.8
and listed in Table 3.4.

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.13

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Figure 3.8: Google image showing Ambient Air Monitoring Location

1 7
5
2

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.14

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Table 3.4: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations

Location Name of Distance (km) &

Coordinates
Code Location Direction from site
AAQ-1 22°31'30.52"N,
Project site --
72°55'0.51"E
AAQ-2 4.12 km, W 22°31'7.09"N,
Sandesar
(Upwind direction) 72°52'38.51"E
AAQ-3 7.82 km, SW 22°29'10.01"N,
Bhatiel
(Crosswind direction) 72°51'12.42"E
AAQ-4 8.29 km, NNW 22°35'24.61"N,
Vadtal
(Crosswind direction) 72°52'29.19"E
AAQ-5 1.32 km, E 22°31'38.53"N,
Mogri
(Downwind direction) 72°55'46.18"E
AAQ-6 Vallabh Vidhya 2.56 km, NE 22°32'36.25"N,
Nagar (Crosswind direction) 72°55'54.81"E
AAQ-7 8.01 km, E 22°31'29.58"N,
Gopalpura
(Downwind direction) 72°59'40.93"E
AAQ-8 5.33 km, S 22°28'38.05"N,
Napa Talpad
(Crosswind direction) 72°54'51.00"E

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.15

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Table 3.5: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring for PM10 at Various Site Locations

Locations of
AAQ1 AAQ2 AAQ3 AAQ4 AAQ5 AAQ6 AAQ7 AAQ8
Sampling
Minimum, µg/m3 72.00 63.00 62.00 65.00 66.00 64.00 64.00 62.00
Maximum, µg/m 3
79.00 69.00 68.00 71.00 70.00 69.00 71.00 68.00
Average, µg/m 3
76.38 65.75 65.50 67.63 68.21 66.67 66.92 65.50
th
98 Percentile 79.00 68.54 68.00 70.54 70.00 69.00 70.08 68.00
NAAQS, µg/m 3 100
Source: Primary Data Collection and analysis during study period by NABL
accredited laboratory of Aditya Environ, Vapi

Observation and Discussion:

As shown in the Table PM10 levels were ranging from 62.0 to 79.0 µg/m3. The lowest
PM10 level was found at Bhatiel and highest PM10 level were observed at Project Site.
PM10 concentration was within the NAAQS level (i.e.100 µg/m3) at all locations.

Figure 3.9 Graphical presentation of PM10 Concentration in Ambient Air

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.16

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Table 3.6: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring for PM2.5 at Various Site Locations

Locations of
AAQ1 AAQ2 AAQ3 AAQ4 AAQ5 AAQ6 AAQ7 AAQ8
Sampling
Minimum, µg/m3 44.00 40.00 41.00 38.00 39.00 40.00 36.00 34.00
Maximum, µg/m 3
49.00 45.00 45.00 44.00 45.00 46.00 40.00 40.00
Average, µg/m 3
45.79 42.58 42.54 41.88 42.88 43.46 38.42 37.83
th
98 Percentile 48.54 45.00 45.00 44.00 45.00 46.00 40.00 40.00
NAAQS, µg/m 3 60
Source: Primary Data Collection and analysis during study period by NABL
accredited laboratory of Aditya Environ, Vapi

Observation and Discussion:

As shown in the Table PM2.5 levels were ranging from 34 to 49 µg/m3. The lowest PM2.5
level was found at Napa Talpad and highest PM2.5 level was observed at Project Site.
PM2.5 concentrations was found within the NAAQS level (i.e.60 µg/m3) at all the locations.

Figure 3.10 Graphical presentation of PM2.5 Concentration in Ambient Air

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.17

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Table 3.7: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring for SO2 at Various Site Locations
Locations of
AAQ1 AAQ2 AAQ3 AAQ4 AAQ5 AAQ6 AAQ7 AAQ8
Sampling
Minimum, µg/m3 18.80 16.80 10.00 10.60 9.60 9.20 9.00 8.60
Maximum, µg/m 3 23.80 20.60 15.80 13.80 12.60 12.20 11.60 11.20
Average, µg/m 3 21.98 19.33 13.03 12.55 11.22 10.59 10.38 10.04
th
98 Percentile 23.80 20.60 15.71 13.80 12.51 12.20 11.60 11.02
NAAQS, µg/m3 80
Source: Primary Data Collection and analysis during study period by NABL
accredited laboratory of Aditya Environ, Vapi

Observation and Discussion

As shown in the Table SO2 levels were ranging from 8.60 to 23.80 µg/m3. The lowest
SO2 level was found at Napa Talpad and highest SO2 level was observed at Project Site.
The SO2 level in all the monitoring locations is within permissible limit i.e. NAAQS level
80µg/m3.

Figure 3.11 Graphical presentation of SO2 Concentration in Ambient Air

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.18

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Table 3.8: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring for NOX at Various Site Locations

Locations of
AAQ1 AAQ2 AAQ3 AAQ4 AAQ5 AAQ6 AAQ7 AAQ8
Sampling
Minimum, µg/m3 18.90 17.80 14.20 11.80 16.05 14.80 16.60 16.20
Maximum, µg/m3 23.50 20.80 16.80 19.20 19.80 16.70 18.80 18.60
Average, µg/m3 21.21 19.17 15.88 16.21 18.22 15.95 17.68 17.55
th
98 Percentile 23.32 20.62 16.80 19.02 19.75 16.70 18.80 18.60
NAAQS, µg/m 3 80
Source: Primary Data Collection and analysis during study period by NABL
accredited laboratory of Aditya Environ, Vapi

Observation and Discussion:

As shown in the Table NOx levels were found ranging from 11.8 to 23.5 µg/m3. The
lowest NOx level was found at Vadtal and highest NOx level were observed at Project
Site. The NOx level in all monitoring locations was under permissible limit i.e. NAAQS
level 80 µg/m3.

Figure 3.12 Graphical presentation of NOX Concentration in Ambient Air

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.19

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

TABLE 3.9: AAQM for HC at Various Site locations

Locations
AAQ1 AAQ2 AAQ3 AAQ4 AAQ5 AAQ6 AAQ7 AAQ8
of Sampling
Average, BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
µg/m 3 (DL:1.0) (DL:1.0) (DL:1.0) (DL:1.0) (DL:1.0) (DL:1.0) (DL:1.0) (DL:1.0)

Observation and Discussion:

As shown in the Table HC levels were found BDL (DL:1.0).

TABLE 3.10: AAQM for VOC at Various Site locations

Locations of Sampling AAQ1 AAQ2 AAQ3 AAQ4 AAQ5 AAQ6 AAQ7 AAQ8
Minimum, µg/m3 0.78 0.75 0.74 0.82 0.82 0.78 0.76 0.76
Maximum, µg/m3 1.08 0.98 0.92 0.98 0.98 0.96 0.94 0.92
Average, µg/m3 0.94 0.88 0.84 0.89 0.91 0.89 0.88 0.85
98th Percentile 1.08 0.97 0.92 0.98 0.98 0.96 0.94 0.91

Observation and Discussion:

As shown in the Table VOC levels were found ranging from 0.74 to 1.08 µg/m3. The
lowest VOC level was found at Bhatiel and highest VOC level were observed at Project
Site.
TABLE 3.11: AAQM for CO at Various Site locations

Locations of Sampling AAQ1 AAQ2 AAQ3 AAQ4 AAQ5 AAQ6 AAQ7 AAQ8
Minimum, mg/m3 0.48 0.58 0.54 0.56 0.52 0.60 0.58 0.66
Maximum, mg/m3 0.84 0.78 0.72 0.72 0.74 0.74 0.70 0.88
Average, mg/m3 0.71 0.67 0.64 0.64 0.65 0.67 0.65 0.77
98th Percentile 0.83 0.76 0.71 0.71 0.73 0.74 0.70 0.86

Observation and Discussion:

As shown in the Table CO levels were found ranging from 0.48 to 0.88 mg/m3. The
lowest CO level was found at project site and highest CO level were observed at Napa
Talpad. The CO level in all monitoring locations was under permissible limit i.e. NAAQS
level 2 mg/m3.

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.20

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Table 3.12: National Ambient Air Quality Standards and Methods of Measurement

S. Time National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS)

No. Weighted
Average Industrial, Ecologically Methods of
Pollutants Residential, Sensitive measurement
Rural and Area
other area
1 SO2 (µg/m3) Annual 50 20 -Improved West and
24 hours 80 80 Gaeke Method
-Ultraviolet
Fluorescence
2 NOx (µg/m3) Annual 40 30 -Jacob & Hochheiser
24 hours 80 80 modified (NaOH-
NaAsO2) Method
-Gas Phase
Chemiluminescence
3 PM10 (µg/m3) Annual 60 60 -Gravimetric
24 hours 100 100 -TEOM
-Beta attenuation
4 PM2.5 (µg/m3) Annual 40 40 -Gravimetric
24 hours 60 60 -TEOM
-Beta attenuation
5 CO (mg/m3) 8 hours 2 2 -Non dispersive
1 hours 4 4 Infrared (NDIR)
Spectroscopy
6 Ammonia Annual 100 100 -Chemiluminescence
(µg/m3) 24 hours 400 400 -Indophenol method
7 Ozone 8 hours 100 100 -UV Photometric
(µg/m3) 1 hours 180 180 -Chemiluminescence
-Chemical Method
8 Lead (µg/m3) Annual 0.5 0.5 -AAS/ICP Method after
24 hours 1.0 1.0 sampling on EPM 2000
or equivalent filter
paper
-ED-XRF using Teflon
filter
9 Arsenic Annual 6.0 6.0 -AAS/ICP Method after
(mg/m3) sampling on EPM 2000
or equivalent filter
paper
10 Nickel Annual 20.0 20.0 -AAS/ICP Method after
(mg/m3) sampling on EPM 2000
or equivalent filter
paper
11 Benzene Annual 5.0 5.0 -Gas Chromatography

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.21

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Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

S. Time National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS)

No. Weighted
Average Industrial, Ecologically Methods of
Pollutants Residential, Sensitive measurement
Rural and Area
other area
(µg/m3) (GC) based continuous
analyser
-Adsorption and
desorption followed by
GC analysis
12 Benzopyrene Annual 1.0 1.0 -Solvent extraction
(mg/m3) followed by HPLC/GC
analysis

3.9 NOISE ENVIRONMENT

Noise can be defined as an unwanted sound. It interferes with speech and hearing. If
intense enough, it can damage hearing, or is otherwise irritating. Noise can also disturb
natural wildlife and ecological system.

Reconnaissance
In order to measure the existing noise sources and to identify the background noise
levels, the noise pollution survey around the proposed site was carried out.

Methodology for Noise Monitoring

Noise standards have been designated as per the Noise Pollution (Regulation & Control)
Rules, 2000 Notified by Ministry of Environment and Forests, New Delhi, February 14,
2000. The ambient noise standards are presented in Equivalent noise levels (Leq). The
measurements were carried out at each monitoring location during day time and night
time. Noise survey was conducted using Sound Level Meter.

Noise Monitoring Locations

A total of 8 locations were identified for ambient noise monitoring in the study area. The
noise monitoring locations are given in below table.

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.22

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Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Figure 3.13: Ambient Noise Quality Monitoring Locations

1
2 7
5

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.23

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Table 3.13: Ambient Noise Quality Monitoring Locations

Distance &
Location Name of Category Date of
Direction Coordinates
Code Location of Area Sampling
from site
22°31'30.52"N,
NQ-1 Project Site Industrial 25/03/2022 --
72°55'0.51"E
NQ-2 Sandesar Residential 25/03/2022 22°31'7.09"N,
4.12 km, W
72°52'38.51"E
22°29'10.01"N,
NQ-3 Bhatiel Residential 26/03/2022 7.82 km, SW
72°51'12.42"E
22°35'24.61"N,
NQ-4 Vadtal Residential 26/03/2022 8.29 km, NNW
72°52'29.19"E
22°31'38.53"N,
NQ-5 Mogri Residential 18/03/2022 1.32 km, E
72°55'46.18"E
Vallabh 22°32'36.25"N,
NQ-6 Residential 18/03/2022 2.56 km, NE
Vidhya Nagar 72°55'54.81"E
22°31'29.58"N,
NQ-7 Gopalpura Residential 19/03/2022 8.01 km, E
72°59'40.93"E
22°28'38.05"N,
NQ-8 Napa Talpad Residential 19/03/2022 5.33 km, S
72°54'51.00"E

Table 3.14: Ambient Noise Quality in the Study Area

Day Equivalent dB(A) Night Equivalent dB(A)

Location name
Maximum Minimum Maximum Minimum
Project Site 71.5 68.9 64.2 59.4
Sandesar 53.8 50.2 42.8 39.8
Bhatiel 52.6 49.8 40.7 38.5
Vadtal 51.8 49.4 41.6 39.1
Mogri 50.9 48.5 42.2 40.6
Vallabh Vidhya Nagar 52.2 48.4 40.8 38.4
Gopalpura 51.4 49.5 42.1 40.8
Napa Talpad 52.4 49.1 40.5 38.9

Table 3.15: Noise Standards

Area Limit in dB (A) Leq

Category of Area
Code Day Time Night Time
A Industrial area 75 70
B Commercial area 65 55
C Residential area 55 45
D Silence zone 50 40

Ambient Air Quality Standards in Respect of Noise is notified under Noise Pollution
(Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000
 Note 1 Day time is reckoned in between 6.00 am and 10.00 pm.
 Note 2 Night time reckoned in between 10.00 pm and 6.00 am.
 Note 3 Silence zone is defined as areas up to 10 meters around such

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.24

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

premises as hospitals, education, institutions and courts. The silence zones are to
be declared by the Component Authority.
 Note 4 Mixed categories of areas should be declared as one of the four above-
mentioned categories by the Component Authority and the corresponding standard
shall apply.

Observation on Ambient Noise Quality:

The noise levels varied in the study area during day time from 48.2 dB(A) Leq to 71.5
dB(A) Leq and during night time from 38.4 dB(A) Leq to 64.2 dB(A) Leq. The highest
noise level 71.5 dB(A) Leq during day time is observed at project site and lowest noise
level 38.4 dB(A) at Vallabh Vidhya Nagar in the study area is within the noise Limits.

Based on the observations made during the studies, it is concluded that; the noise levels
recorded at various locations in the study area show considerable fluctuations because
of changes in traffic movement, commercial and other domestic activities in the study
area. Overall the ambient noise level in the monitored locations was found to be within
the permissible limits stipulated for residential, industrial areas, silence and commercial
zone.

3.10 WATER QUALITY

Reconnaissance Survey
Reconnaissance survey has been done for water quality monitoring in the Study Area.
The baseline water quality of water in the region is obtained by collecting sample from
villages in the area considering the 10 km radius for the baseline study.

Methodology of Monitoring
In order to establish the baseline water quality, water sampling locations were selected
based on availability, following standard norms and requirement. Surface water samples
were collected from village ponds. From village locality, samples were taken from tap
water utilized from drinking purpose.

The samples collected were preserved, stored and analyzed as per standards methods
of Analysis of Water and Waste water (APHA).

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.25

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

3.10.1 Ground water sampling:

Water samples were collected from tap water/ ground water from 8 village locations once
during the study period and analyzed for physico-chemical parameters.

Table 3.16: Ground Water Sampling Locations

Distance &
Location Date of
Name of Location Direction from Coordinates
Code sampling
site
22°31'30.52"N,
GW-1 Project Site 11/03/2022 --
72°55'0.51"E
22°31'7.09"N,
GW-2 Sandesar 11/03/2022 4.12 km, W
72°52'38.51"E
22°29'10.01"N,
GW-3 Bhatiel 11/03/2022 7.82 km, SW
72°51'12.42"E
22°35'24.61"N,
GW-4 Vadtal 11/03/2022 8.29 km, NNW
72°52'29.19"E
22°31'38.53"N,
GW-5 Mogri 12/03/2022 1.32 km, E
72°55'46.18"E
Vallabh Vidhya 22°32'36.25"N,
GW-6 12/03/2022 2.56 km, NE
Nagar 72°55'54.81"E
22°31'29.58"N,
GW-7 Gopalpura 12/03/2022 8.01 km, E
72°59'40.93"E
22°28'38.05"N,
GW-8 Napa Talpad 12/03/2022 5.33 km, S
72°54'51.00"E

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.26

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Figure 3.14: Google Image showing Ground Water Monitoring Locations

1
7
2 5

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.27

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Table 3.17: Ground Water Quality in the Study Area

IS: 10500 standard limit
GW1 GW2 GW3 GW4 GW5 GW6 GW7 GW8
for drinking water
Parameter Unit Vallabh
Project Napa
Sandesar Bhatiel Vadtal Mogri Vidhya Gopalpura Desirable Permissible
Site Talpad
Nagar
pH -- 7.54 7.76 7.28 7.39 7.62 7.48 7.65 7.25 6.5 - 8.5 No Relaxation
Temperature °C 32 30 31 30 29 30 31 33 - -
Turbidity NTU 0.78 0.65 0.6 0.54 0.62 0.58 0.78 0.75 1 5
Agreeabl Agreeabl Agreeabl Agreeabl Agreeabl Agreeabl Agreeabl Agreeabl Agreeabl
Odour -- Agreeable
e e e e e e e e e
Pt. Co.
Color 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.1 5 15
Scale
Dissolve Oxygen mg/L BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL - -
Chemical Oxygen
mg/L BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL - -
Demand
Biochemical
mg/L BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL - -
Oxygen Demand

Total Dissolve
mg/L 1176 980 1054 864 950 1080 975 990 500 2000
Solids
Chlorides (as cl-) mg/L 228 198 215 185 177 208 210 182 250 1000
Sulphates (as
mg/L 155 125 132 108 125 134 142 102 200 400
SO4)
Nitrate mg/L 1.86 1.25 1.35 1.21 1.34 1.22 1.32 1.42 45 No Relaxation
Total Alkalinity
mg/L 280 270 225 210 205 221 223 231 200 600
(as CaCO3)
Total Hardness
mg/L 310 280 253 275 325 295 258 272 200 600
as CaCO3
Calcium as Ca+2 mg/L 110 120 125 115 132 108 118 132 75 200
Magnesium as
mg/L 145 138 128 132 118 136 142 113 30 100
Mg+2
Copper as Cu mg/L <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 0.05 1.5

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.28

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Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
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IS: 10500 standard limit

GW1 GW2 GW3 GW4 GW5 GW6 GW7 GW8
for drinking water
Parameter Unit Vallabh
Project Napa
Sandesar Bhatiel Vadtal Mogri Vidhya Gopalpura Desirable Permissible
Site Talpad
Nagar
Fluorides (as F-) mg/L 0.18 0.12 0.08 0.05 0.09 0.07 0.11 0.08 1 1.5
Total Iron (as Fe) mg/L <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 0.3 No Relaxation
Phenol (as
mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.001 0.002
C6H5OH)
Mercury as Hg mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.001 No Relaxation
Cadmium as Cd mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.003 No Relaxation
Selenium as Se mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 No Relaxation
Arsenic as As mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 0.05
Cyanide mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.05 No Relaxation
Lead as Pb mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 No Relaxation
Zinc as Zn mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 5 15
Hexavalent
Chromimum as mg/L <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 -- --
Cr+6
Nickel (as Ni) mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.02 No Relaxation
Phosphorus (as P) mg/L <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 -- --
Residual Chlorine mg/L <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 0.2 1
Total Chromium
mg/L <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 0.05 No Relaxation
(as Cr+3)
Anionic
detergents (as mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.2 1
MBAS)
Total Coliform MPN/1 Shall Not Be Detectable
Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent
Bacteria 00 mL
MPN/
E- Coli Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Shall Not Be Detectable
100 mL
Manganese mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.1 0.3
Aluminium mg/L <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 0.03 0.2
Nitrite mg/L 4.9 4.2 3.5 3.3 4.8 3.1 2.9 2.4 -- --
Phosphate mg/L 0.35 0.32 0.28 0.25 0.23 0.3 0.22 0.31 -- --

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.29

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Observation on Ground water quality:

 All the samples meet the desirable standards (pH ranges from 7.25 to 7.81).
 TDS in samples ranges from 864 mg/L (Vadtal) to 1176 mg/L (Project Site). All the
samples meet the permissible limit of 2000 mg/L.
 Magnesium content in the water ranges from 113 mg/L (Napa Talpad) to 145 mg/L
(Project site). All the samples meet the permissible limit of 100 mg/L.
 Sulphates content in the water ranges from 102 mg/L (Napa Talpad) to 155 mg/L
(Project site). All the samples meet the permissible limit of 400 mg/L for drinking
water.
 Fluorides content in the water ranges from 0.05 mg/L (Vadtal) to 0.18 mg/L (Project
site). All the samples meet the permissible limit of 1.5 mg/L for drinking water.
 Total alkalinity in the water samples ranges from 205 mg/L (Mogri) to 280 mg/L
(Project site). All the samples are within the permissible limit of drinking water (600
mg/L).
 Chlorides range from 177 mg/L (Mogri) to 228 mg/L (Project Site), which are below
permissible limits (1000 mg/L).
 Heavy metals like Copper, Nickel, Fluorides, Cadmium and Zinc are well below the
limit in all samples.

Hence, it can be observed that ground water qualities in terms of various essential and
desirable characteristics are found within the limits specified by IS 10500:2012. This
water is utilized in villages for domestic activities.

3.10.2 Surface water sampling:

Water samples were collected from Pond / lake from 8 village locations once during the
study period and analyzed for physico-chemical parameters.

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.30

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Table 3.18: Surface Water Sampling Locations

Distance &
Location Date of
Name of Location Direction from Coordinates
Code sampling
site
22°31'1.65"N,
SW-1 Pond of Sandesar 11/03/2022 4.72 km, W
72°52'19.26"E
22°29'20.58"N,
SW-2 Pond of Bhatiel 11/03/2022 8.02 km, WSW
72°50'56.55"E
Gomti Lake of Vadtal 22°35'40.75"N,
SW-3 11/03/2022 9.00 km, NW
Village 72°52'17.00"E
22°31'37.58"N,
SW-4 Pond of Mogri 11/03/2022 1.70 km, E
72°55'59.61"E
22°31'16.54"N,
SW-5 Pond of Gopalpura 12/03/2022 7.93 km, E
72°59'37.95"E
22°30'2.51"N,
SW-6 Pond of Navli 12/03/2022 5.32 km, ESE
72°57'41.34"E
22°30'29.42"N,
SW-7 Lake of Gana Village 12/03/2022 1.86 km, S
72°54'51.10"E
22°28'28.69"N,
SW-8 Pond of Napa Talpad 12/03/2022 5.6 km, S
72°54'53.17"E

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.31

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Figure 3.15: Google Image showing Surface Water Monitoring Locations

5
1 4
7

6
2

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.32

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat
Table 3.19: Surface Water Quality in the Study Area
SW1 SW2 SW3 SW4 SW5 SW6 SW7 SW8
Parameter Unit Gomti Lake Pond of
Pond of Pond of Pond of Pond of Pond of Pond of
of Vadtal Napa
Sandesar Bhatiel Mogri Gopalpura Navli Gana
Village Talpad
pH -- 7.61 7.51 7.36 7.21 7.18 7.26 7.22 7.9
Temperature °C 30 29 28 27 26 28 27 28
Turbidity NTU 1.21 0.95 0.82 0.99 0.85 0.91 0.78 0.77
Odour -- Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable
Pt. Co.
Color 1 1.2 1.8 1.5 1.2 1.1 1.6 1.7
Scale
Dissolve Oxygen mg/L 6.5 7.1 6.2 6.9 6.6 6.7 7.2 7.4
Chemical Oxygen Demand mg/L 18 16 14 12 11 16 14 12
Biochemical Oxygen Demand mg/L 6.00 5.40 4.80 3.00 3.50 5.33 4.60 4.20
Total Dissolve Solids mg/L 575 600 582 622 585 590 610 565
Chlorides (as cl-) mg/L 155 210 220 195 185 235 225 215
Sulphates (as mg/L 95 110 85 75 112 122 118 128
Nitrate mg/L 35 40 30 25 28 30 31 32
Boron mg/L <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 32
Total Alkalinity (as
mg/L 240 225 215 226 234 250 228 232
CaCO3)
Total Hardness as CaCO3 mg/L 125 115 105 132 145 135 130 122
Calcium as Ca+2 mg/L 68 82 58 64 76 72 68 70
Magnesium as Mg+2 mg/L 46 50 52 48 44 46 42 46
Copper as Cu mg/L <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02
Mercury as Hg mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001
Cadmium as Cd mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
Selenium as Se mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
Arsenic as As mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
Cyanide mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
Lead as Pb mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
Zinc as Zn mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
Fluorides (as F-) mg/L 0.18 0.14 0.21 0.12 0.14 0.15 0.18 0.25
Total Iron (as Fe) mg/L <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.33

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat
Phenol (as C6H5OH) mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001
Hexavalent Chromimum as
mg/L <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02
Cr+6
Nickel (as Ni) mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
Phosphorus (as P) mg/L <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1
Residual Chlorine mg/L <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1
Total Chromium (as Cr+3) mg/L <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03
Anionic detergents (as MBAS) mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
MPN/
Total Coliform Bacteria Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent
100 mL
MPN/
E- Coli Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent
100 mL
Manganese mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
Aluminium mg/L <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1
Sodium (as Na) mg/L 40 45 50 55 42 44 65 50
Potassium (As K) mg/L 32 28 30 32 34 28 34 36
Nitrite mg/L 5 6.1 5.5 5.8 6.2 4.8 4.6 5.2
Phosphate mg/L 0.88 0.9 0.94 0.96 0.88 0.84 0.92 0.88

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.34

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Observation on Ground water quality:

The baseline quality of water based on the results of the surface water quality monitoring
within the study area, it is observed that,

 pH ranges from 7.18 to 7.9.

 Turbidity was found to be higher than the permissible limits at all the locations.
 TDS in samples ranges from 565 mg/L (Pond of Napa Talpad) to 622 mg/L (Pond of
Mogri). All the samples meet the permissible limit of 2000 mg/L.
 Total Alkalinity in the samples ranges from 215 mg/L (Gomti Lake of Vadtal Village) to
250 mg/L (Pond of Navli). All the Samples were found to be higher than the desirable
limit but are within the permissible limit.
 Total Hardness in the samples ranges from 105 mg/L (Gomti Lake of Vadtal Village)
to 145 mg/L (Pond of Gopalpura). Samples from all the monitoring location were
found to be higher than the desirable limit but are within the permissible limit.
 Calcium content in the sample ranges from 58 mg/L (Gomti Lake of Vadtal Village) to
82 mg/L (Pond of Bhatiel). Samples from Bhatiel Pond and Pond of Gopalpura were
found to be higher than the desirable limit but are within the permissible limit.
 Sulphates content in the water ranges from 75 mg/L (Pond of Mogri) to 128 mg/L
(Pond of Napa Talpad). All the samples meet the permissible limit of 400 mg/L for
drinking water.
 Chlorides content in the samples were monitored to be within the desirable limits as
per IS: 10500 - 2012
 Heavy metals like Copper, Nickel, Fluorides, Cadmium and Zinc are well below the
limit in all samples.

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.35

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Table 3.20: Standard Water Quality Criteria

Class of Designated best
Criteria
Water use
A Drinking  Total Coliforms Organism MPN/100ml shall be
Water Source 50 or less
without conventional  pH between 6.5 and 8.5
treatment but after  Dissolved Oxygen 6 mg/l or more
disinfection  Biochemical Oxygen Demand 5 days 20°C 2
mg/l or less
B Outdoor bathing  Total Coliforms Organism MPN/100ml shall be
(Organized) 500 or less pH between 6.5 and 8.5
 Dissolved Oxygen 5mg/l or more
 Biochemical Oxygen Demand 5 days 20°C 3
mg/l or less
C Drinking water  Total Coliforms Organism MPN/100ml shall be
source after 5000 or less pH between 6 to 9
conventional  Dissolved Oxygen 4 mg/l or more
treatment and  Biochemical Oxygen Demand 5 days 20°C 3
mg/l or less
disinfection
D Propagation of Wild  pH between 6.5 to 8.5
life and Fisheries  Dissolved Oxygen 4 mg/l or more
 Free Ammonia (as N) 1.2 mg/l or less
E Irrigation, Industrial  pH between 6.0 to 8.5
Cooling, Controlled  Electrical Conductivity at 25°C micro mhos/cm
Waste disposal Max.2250
 Sodium absorption Ratio Max. 26
 Boron Max. 2 mg/L

3.11 SOIL ENVIRONMENT

Soil is our most important natural resource and a natural resource is anything that comes
from the earth and is used by us. We depend on the soil for food, clothing, shelter,
minerals, clay & water. Soil is the seat of many macro and micro flora like algae, fungi,
earthworms, bacteria etc. These are very beneficial in promoting soil reactions and
decomposing the organic matter by which essential nutrients for plants are liberated.
Most of the soil is made-up of two main parts:

Tiny bits of mineral particles which come from larger rocks, and humus, which is dark
brown in color and consists of decaying remains of plants and animals.

Soil also contains water, air and living organisms, such as fungi, bacteria, earthworms,
roundworms, insects, etc. Actually more living organisms live in the soil than above it.

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.36

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Methodology
The soil samples were collected from 8 selected locations during summer season. The
samples collected were homogeneous representative of each sampling location. At
random sub-locations were identified at each location and soil samples were collected
from 5 to 15 cm below the surface. It was uniformly mixed before homogenizing the soil
samples. The samples about 2.0 Kg were packed in zip lock polythene bags labelled in
the field with location, number and sent to the laboratory for the analysis of
physicochemical parameters.

Soil Sampling Locations

Soil sampling was conducted once during the study period of summer season. 8 soil
samples were collected from selected locations in the vicinity of the proposed project.
For studying soil quality environment in the study area, sampling locations were selected
to assess the existing soil conditions in and around the plant area representing various
land use conditions. The homogenized samples were analyzed for physicochemical
characteristics.
Table 3.21: Soil Sampling Locations
Distance &
Location Name of Date of
Direction from Coordinates
Code Location Sampling
site
22°31'30.52"N,
SQ -1 Project Site 11/03/2022 --
72°55'0.51"E
22°31'7.09"N,
SQ -2 Sandesar 11/03/2022 4.12 km, W
72°52'38.51"E
22°29'10.01"N,
SQ-3 Bhatiel 11/03/2022 7.82 km, SW
72°51'12.42"E
22°35'24.61"N,
SQ-4 Vadtal 11/03/2022 8.29 km, NNW
72°52'29.19"E
22°31'38.53"N,
SQ-5 Mogri 12/03/2022 1.32 km, E
72°55'46.18"E
Vallabh Vidhya 22°32'36.25"N,
SQ-6 12/03/2022 2.56 km, NE
Nagar 72°55'54.81"E
22°31'29.58"N,
SQ-7 Gopalpura 12/03/2022 8.01 km, E
72°59'40.93"E
22°28'38.05"N,
SQ-8 Napa Talpad 12/03/2022 5.33 km, S
72°54'51.00"E

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.37

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Figure 3.16: Google Image showing Soil Sampling Location

1
7
2 5

Analysis of Soil Samples

The soil samples were examined for various physicochemical parameters, to determine
the existing soil characteristics of the study area. Physicochemical characteristics of soil
are presented as follows:

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.38

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Table 3.22: Physiochemical Characteristics of Soil

SQ1 SQ2 SQ3 SQ4 SQ5 SQ6 SQ7 SQ8

Parameter Unit Vallabh

Project Gopal Napa
Sandesar Bhatiel Vadtal Mogri Vidhya
site pura Talpad
Nagar
Porosity % 44 38 42 40 30 34 36 44
Moisture
% 26 28 22 20 24 16 18 28
Content
Total
Phosphorus % 1.28 1.38 1.42 1.32 1.44 1.28 1.65 1.86
as P2O5
Total Nitrogen mg/kg 205 165 185 214 194 178 215 195
Nitrates mg/kg 1.98 1.78 2.2 1.8 3.2 2.8 2.6 3.2
Nitrites mg/kg 5.8 6.2 7.4 5.8 6.8 5.2 8.2 7.8
Bulk Density g/cm3 2.4 1.8 2.2 1.9 2.8 3.2 2.6 3.4
Organic
% 4.2 3.8 3.4 2.8 2.6 3.2 2.2 3.2
Carbon
pH --- 7.75 7.25 7.36 7.22 8.22 7.98 7.18 7.44
Electric
ohm/cm 585 545 525 635 665 558 620 645
Conductivity
Exchangeable
Calcium (as meq/100g 5.4 5.2 4.8 3.6 3.8 4.6 4.2 5.2
Ca+2)
Exchangeable
Magnesium meq/100g 4.2 3.8 4.8 3.4 5.2 3.8 4.6 5.6
(as Mg+2)
Available
Sodium (as mg/g 26 22 28 26 18 24 22 22
Na)
Available
Potassium (as mg/g 3.4 3.6 4.2 2.8 2.6 2.8 3.2 3.8
K)
Sodium
Absorption --- 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.5 0.4 0.7 0.8 0.9
Ratio
Loamy Loamy Loamy Loamy Loamy Loamy Loamy Loamy
Texture ---
sand sand sand sand sand sand sand sand
Water Holding
% 42.6 44.8 38.6 41.2 40.6 39.4 38.2 41.4
Capacity
Chlorides mg/kg 185 170 165 186 178 164 192 165
Organic
% 0.85 0.68 0.72 0.82 0.76 0.88 0.82 0.93
Matter
Sulphides mg/kg <1.5 <1.5 <1.5 <1.5 <1.5 <1.5 <1.5 <1.7
Lead as Pb mg/kg BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
Manganese
mg/kg <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 <2.0
as Mn
Magnesium
mg/kg 48.8 62.5 64.2 60.8 62.6 63.7 65.2 64.4
as Mg
Iron as Fe mg/kg 18.6 22.8 21.5 22.9 22.1 28.4 26.8 27.8
Nickel as Ni mg/kg BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
Barium as Ba mg/kg BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.39

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Zinc as Zn mg/kg 14 12 10 14 11 17 15 15
Copper as Cu mg/kg BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
Hexavalent
Chromium as mg/kg <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.05
Cr+6
Cadmium as
mg/kg BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
Cd
Mercury as
mg/kg <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.03
Hg
Particle Size Distribution
Slit % 82 84 76 78 82 84 88 80
Clay % 34 32 30 28 26 30 25 24
Sand % 12 14 18 10 16 12 20 22

Observation on soil quality:

It is observed from the analysis report that;
 A Particle size of the different constituents (clay, silt and sand) controls the
porosity and water holding characteristic of the soil. Clay (size<0.002 mm) amount
in the soil samples ranges from 24 % to 34%; Silt (size 0.002 to 0.075 mm) in the
soil samples is 10% to 22% and Sand (size 0.075 to 0.475 mm) in the soil
samples is 10% to 22%.
 Water holding capacity ranging from 38.2 to 44.8 %, Analysis shows that the soil
has moderate water holding capacity.
 Taxonomically soils are mostly sandy clay.
 pH of the soil found to be in the ranges from 7.18 to 8.22.
 Total nitrogen ranges from 165 to 215 mg/kg, Available potassium ranges from 2.6
to 4.2 mg/kg and phosphorous ranges from 1.28 to 1.86 mg/kg, which shows soil
of the study area found semi fertile.

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.40

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

3.12 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT

Biological resources of the area are an indicator of quality/health of the environment of

the area. Therefore, the study of the same is an important aspect to minimize the
distribution due to the intervention of the proposed project to accept in a sustainable
approach. To achieve the goal, EIA study was conducted during the month of March,
2022 to May, 2022 to cover all the biological parameters.

Nature supports a great variety of living beings under a structural and functional unit
called ecosystem. In any natural ecosystem, there are several components which exist in
harmony and survive only by interdependence. These components may be either biotic
or abiotic. Developmental activities often have great impacts on the biodiversity both
ecosystems as well as species level. Present study has been carried out to inventories
the biodiversity exist in the study area of present project, to evaluate the possible
impacts on biodiversity due to project activities and suggest effective mitigation
measures against the negative impacts.

The ecological study was undertaken to understand the present status of ecosystem of
the area, to predict changes as a result of proposed activities and to suggest measures
for maintaining the conditions. This carried through primary survey and secondary data
collected from various Government agencies like Forest Department, Agriculture
Department, Scientific literatures etc.

In the study area, mangroves are observed in the swamp and mud flats of creaks.
Mangroves are dominated by Avicennia marina and show stunted growth. The intertidal
mud flats are mostly covered with algae while the upper sandy mudflats have halophytes
in abundance.

Floral diversity found in study area with Scientific name and common name with
family is given in Table 3.23.

Table 3.23: List of Flora in the Study Area

Sr.
Local Name Species Name Family
No.
Hygrophila auriculata
1 Kanta Sherio Acanthaceae
(Schum.) Heine
2 Ketki, Ramban Agave Americana Agavaceae
3 Ankol Alangium Alangiaceae
4 Andhedi Achyranthes aspera Amaranthaceae

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.41

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

5 Kantaro Bhagaro Alternanthesaspera Amaranthaceae

6 Lampadi, Lampdi, Lambdi Celosia argentea Amaranthaceae
7 Kanjaro, Kanejro Digeramuricata Amaranthaceae
8 Zapti Pupalialappacea Amaranthaceae
9 jangalitandaljo Amaranthusspinosus Amaranthaceae
10 Ambo, Kheri Mangiferaindica Anacardiaceae
11 Jamfal Annonasquamosa Annonaceae
12 Asopalav polyalthialongifolia Annonaceae
13 Karamda, Karvanda Carissa Congesta Annonaceae
14 Lal Karen Neriumindicum Apocynaceae
15 Akado Calotropisprocera Asclepiadaceae
16 Pardeshibhangro Tridaxprocumbensi Asteraceae
17 Gadariyu Xanthium Strumarium Asteraceae
18 Sahdevi Vernoniacinerea Asteraceae
19 Phaphada Thor Opuntiaelatior Cactaceae
20 Sundaro, Kasundro Cassia occidentails Caesalpiniaceae
21 Kunwario Cassia tora Caesalpiniaceae
22 Kasid Cassia siamea Caesalpiniaceae
23 Gulmohor Delonixregia Caesalpiniaceae
24 Ambali, Emali, Amblijo-zad Tamarindusindica Caesalpiniaceae
25 Kanther Capparissepiaria Capparaceae
26 Sharu Casuarinaequisetifolia Casuarinaceae
27 Vadfudardi Ipomoea Obscura Convolvulaceae
28 Fotiyal, Wagpadi Ipomoea Pes-tigridis Convolvulaceae
29 Tindora, Ghiloda Cocciniagrandis Cucurbitaceae
30 Aknhfutamani Ctenolepiscerasiformis Cucurbitaceae
31 Gay Vasukada Cucumiscallosus Cucurbitaceae
32 Amarvel Cuscutareflexa Cuscutaceae
33 Gunda, Vadgundo, Bhokar Cordiadichotoma Ehretiaceae
34 Jalukharad Bergiaammannioides Elatinaceae
35 RatanJyot, VilaytiArandi Jatrophacurcas Euphorbiaceae
36 Thuvar, Thor Euphorbia neriifolia Euphorbiaceae
37 Dadario, Dadro Acalyphaindica Euphorbiaceae
38 Kamboi, Picharun Kirganeliareticulata Euphorbiaceae
39 Moto Sanervo Alysicarpuslongifolius Fabaceae
40 Nano Sanervo Alysicarpuslongifolius Fabaceae
41 Kesudo, Khakharo Buteamonosperma Fabaceae
42 Karanj Derris indica Fabaceae
43 Pat Gari Indigoferacordifolia Fabaceae
44 Nahni Kamal Vel Rhynchosia minima Fabaceae
45 Sarpankho Tephrosiapurpurea Fabaceae
46 Gari, Gokarn Indigoferatinctoria Fabaceae
47 Kapurio Psoralea sp. Fabaceae
48 Ekad, Shevari, Jayant Sesbaniasesban Fabaceae
49 Ram Tulsi Ocimumgratissimum Lamiaceae
50 Tulsi Ocimum sanctum Lamiaceae
51 RatoJalAgio, LalAgio Ammanniabaccifera Lythraceae
52 HeenaMendhi Lawsoniainermis Lythraceae
53 San Bhindi Urenalobata Malvaceae
54 Bhinda, Bhindo Abelmoschusesculentus Malvaceae
55 ParasPimpro Thespesiapopulnea Malvaceae

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.42

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

56 Limbdo, Neem Azadirachtaindica Meliaceae

57 Katho, Kher Acacia chundra Mimosaceae
58 DeshiBaval, BavarKalo Acacia nilotica Mimosaceae
59 Khijado, Shami Prosopis cineraria Mimosaceae
60 GandoBava Prosopischilensis Mimosaceae
61 KaroSirish Albizialebbeck Mimosaceae
62 GorasAmali Pithecellobiumdulce Mimosaceae
63 DhedhUmardo Ficushispida Moraceae
64 Umaro, Umbio Ficusracemosa Moraceae
65 Vad Ficusbenghalensis Moraceae
66 Pipar Ficusmicrocarpa Moraceae
67 Piparo, Piplo Ficusreligiosa Moraceae
68 Mitho Saragvo Moringaoleifera Moringaceae
69 Nilgiri Eucalyptus globulus Myrtaceae
70 Tal Sesamumindicum Pedaliaceae
71 Patsan, Bhonysan Polygala erioptera Polygalaceae
72 MotaBor Zizyphusmauritiana Rhamnaceae
73 Naver Ixora sp. Rubiaceae
74 Limbu, Rasalu Citrus limon Rutaceae
75 Piludi-Khar Salvadorapersica Salvadoraceae
76 KagDoriyu Cardiospermumhalicacabum Sapindaceae
77 Kadvi Naveri, Jal Naveri Bacopamonnier Scrophulariaceae
78 Dhaturo Daturametel Solanaceae
79 Bhoyan Ringani, Dolri Solanumsurattense Solanaceae
80 Tamata, Tamatu Lycopersiconlycopersicum Solanaceae
81 Teak, Sag Tectonagrandis Verbenaceae
82 Khajur Phoenix sylvestris Arecaceae
83 Neriel, Tarafoo Cocusnucifera Arecaceae
84 Papaya, Papayu Carica papaya Caricaceae
85 Shihmuliu Commelinadiffusa Commelinaceae
86 Chiyo Cyperusdifformis Cyperaceae
87 Moth Cyperusrotundus Cyperaceae
88 Kanak Dioscoreabulbifera Dioscoreaceae
89 Kankasani, KajiaKhori Gloriosasuperba Liliaceae
90 Kuvarpathu Aloe barbadensis Mill. Liliaceae
91 Dhrab, Darabh Cynodondactylon Poaceae
92 Samo, Jiriu Echinochloacolonum Poaceae
93 Lampdu Aristidaadscensionis Poaceae
94 Ratvelio Phragmiteskarka Poaceae

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.43

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Fauna

Faunal diversity found in study area with zoological name and common name is given
in Table 3.24.

Table 3.24: List of Fauna in the study area

Sr.
Vernacular name Scientific name Family
No.
1 Black Shouldered Kite Elanus axillaris Accipitridae
2 Black Kite Milvus migrans Accipitridae
3 Small blue kingfisher Alcedo atthis Accipitridae
4 House Swift Apus affinis Apodidae
5 Little Egret Egretta garzetta Ardeidae
6 Indian Pond Heron Ardeola grayii Ardeidae
7 Great Egret Ardea alba Ardeidae
8 Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis Ardeidae
9 Grey Heron Ardea cinerea Ardeidae
10 Spotted Dove Streptopelia chinensis Columbidae
11 Rock Pigeon Columba livia Columbidae
12 Little Brown Dove Spilopelia senegalensis Columbidae
13 Indian roller Coracias benghalensis Coraciidae
14 Eudynamys scolopaceus Eudynamys scolopaceus Cuculidae
15 House Crow Corvus splendens Corvidae
16 RufousTreepie Dendrocitta vagabunda Corvidae
White Breasted
17 Halcyon smyrnensis Halcyonidae
kingfisher
18 White wagtail Motacilla alba Motacillidae
19 Indian Robin Saxicoloides fulicatus Muscicapidae
20 Magpie Robin Copsychus saularis Muscicapidae
21 Purple Sunbird Cinnyris asiaticus Nectariniidae
22 Baya Weaver Ploceus philippinus Ploceidae
23 Common Crested Lark Galerida cristata Passeriformes
24 House Sparrow Passer domesticus Passeridae
Francolinus
25 Grey Francolin (Tetar) Phasianidae
pondicerianus
26 Indian Cormorant Phalacrocorax fuscicollis Phalacrocoracidae
27 Rose Ringed Parakeet Psittacula krameri Psittaculidae
28 Red Vented Bulbul Pycnonotus cafer Pycnonotidae
29 Little Tern Sterna albifrons Sternidae
30 Brahminy Starling Sturnia pagodarum Sturnidae
31 Common Myna Acridotheres tristis Sturnidae
32 Rosy Starling Sturnus roseus Sturnidae
33 Red-Naped Black Ibis Pseudibis papillosa Threskiornithidae
34 Common Babbler Turdoides caudata Timaliidae
Reptiles
1 Colubridae Ptyas mocosus Indian Rat Snake
2 Elapidae Naja naja Common cobra
3 Varnidae Varanus bengalensis Patala (Gho)
4 Viperidae Vipera russelli Russel
5 Agamidae Calotes versicolor Garden Lizard

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.44

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

6 Gekk onidae Hemidactylus flaviviridis House gecko

7 Gekk onidae Hemidactylus brookii Brook’s Gecko
Common Brahminy
8 Sciur idae Mabuya carinata
skink
Mammals
Golden Jackal
1 Canid ae Canis aureus
(Shiyal)
Common mongoose
2 Herpestidae Herpestes edwardsi
(Noliyo)
Indian Hare/ Black-
3 Leporidae Lepus nigricollis
naped Hare (Sasalu)
Jungle cat (Raan
4 Felidae Felis chaus
Biladi)
Five-striped plam
5 Sciuridae Funambulus Pennanti
squirrel
Common house
6 Muridae Mus musculus
mouse
7 Muridae Rattus rattus Common House Rat
8 Muridae Mus booduga Indian field mouse

3.13 SOCIOECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT

Reconnaissance
Reconnaissance has been done to assess socio-economic status in the study area. The
study area is rural however basic amenities were observed.

Methodology
Detailed socio-economic data were collected within 10 km radius of the Project site.
Preliminary information was collected during field investigation followed by secondary
data from the census of India 2011.

Socioeconomic Assessment
Socio economic status of the population is the indicator of the change in the life style due
to the developmental activities taking place in the region. The villages which appears
within the 10 km radius from the centre of the proposed Project site are considered for
socioeconomic study.

Demography
The study there is 61 villages in the study area. The demographic pattern of all the
settlements as per 2011 census is given in below table. As per the Census 2011, the
average family size in the study area is 5 persons per family.

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.45

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Figure 3.17: List of villages within 5 km & 10 km radius

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.46

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Table 3.25: List of villages present in the study area

S. No. Name of the village Direction Distance, Km

1 Sandesar WSW 4.0
2 Valasan WNW 4.44
3 Boriya SW 4.32
4 Meghva Gana S 3.00
5 Gana S 1.87
6 Vans Khiliya SSE 2.98
7 Jitodiya E 3.43
8 Mogri E 1.28
9 Navli ESE 4.81
10 Morad W 5.61
11 Khandhali SSE 4.38
12 Lambhvel N 6.56
13 Gamdi NE 8.59
14 Bhatiel SW 7.84
15 Vadtal NNW 8.39
16 Rajnagar N 9.80
17 Chikhodara ENE 9.33
18 Vadod ESE 8.85
19 Jakhariya ESE 6.16
20 Gopalpura E 7.90
21 Napad Vanto SE 7.54
22 Napad Talpad
23 Kasumbad SSE 9.34
24 Naman SSE 7.29
25 Singlav S 8.49
26 Dahemi SSE 7.12
27 Dedarada S 8.70
28 Dhobikui SSW 6.80
29 Dhundakuva SSW 8.20
30 Surkuva SSW 6.50
31 Ashi SW 7.68
32 Kavitha SSW 9.96
33 Agas SW 6.14
34 Fangani WSW 9.40
35 Sihol WSW 6.50
36 Vatav W 9.25
37 Bhawanipura WSW 9.93
38 Ardi W 7.62
39 Vishnoli W 9.15
40 Porda W 9.12
41 Bandhni WNW 9.44
42 Ghunteli WNW 8.25
43 Ravipura WNW 6.58
44 Ravli NW 8.27
45 Nepa Talpad S 4.77
46 Nepa Vanto SSE 5.68
47 Harakhpura
48 Sanjaya NW 9.64

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.47

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

S. No. Name of the village Direction Distance, Km

49 Jol NW 6.70
50 Pamol SSE 9.12
51 Mogar E 9.68
52 Simarada SW 9.78
53 Sunav W 9.76
54 Mahelav WNW 9.96
55 Padgol NW 9.85
56 Bamroli NNW 9.92
57 Vaghasi NEE 8.52
58 Hadgood E 5.92
59 Dantali SW 9.90
60 Samarkha NNE 9.40
61 Narsanda N 9.65

Sex Ratio
Sex ratio is number of females per 1000 males. In the study area the sex ratio is 971.5.
As per the Census 2011 the male population is 51% while female population is 49% of
the total population.

Table 3.26: Demographic details

Population
Sr. Total Total Density
Village Male Female
No. Population Household (Person Per
Sq. mtr)
1 Sandesar 6418 3337 3081 1293 5
2 Valasan 8050 4118 3932 1682 5
3 Boriya 4959 2597 2362 1061 5
4 Meghva Gana 1712 910 802 359 5
5 Gana 4079 2164 1915 866 5
6 Vans Khiliya 2963 1550 1413 639 5
7 Jitodiya 4782 2468 2314 1064 4
8 Mogri 9851 5194 4657 2096 5
9 Navli 6750 3529 3221 1414 5
10 Morad 4576 2391 2185 985 5
11 Khandhali 1904 1005 899 431 4
12 Lambhvel 5578 2942 2636 1168 5
13 Gamdi 14582 7550 7032 3111 5
14 Bhatiel 2257 1177 1080 464 5
15 Vadtal 9767 5140 4627 2111 5
16 Rajnagar 2705 1358 1347 572 5
17 Chikhodara 15957 8269 7688 3363 5
18 Vadod 11996 6179 5817 2494 5
19 Jakhariya 2328 1210 1118 472 5
20 Gopalpura 2660 1376 1284 592 4
21 Napad Vanto 14260 7287 6973 2748 5
22 Napad Talpad 5630 2985 2645 1201 5
23 Kasumbad 3056 1562 1494 668 5
24 Naman 3114 1620 1494 653 5

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.48

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Population
Sr. Total Total Density
Village Male Female
No. Population Household (Person Per
Sq. mtr)
25 Singlav 2651 1410 1241 594 4
26 Dahemi 5015 2588 2427 1055 5
27 Dedarda 5181 2671 2510 1099 5
28 Dhobikui 1030 538 492 198 5
29 Dhundakuva 2232 1164 1068 446 5
30 Surkuva 1534 788 746 333 5
31 Ashi 3946 2062 1884 829 5
32 Kavitha 6208 3212 2996 1276 5
33 Agas 2818 1472 1346 578 5
34 Fangani 3592 1910 1682 758 5
35 Sihol 6051 3178 2873 1245 5
36 Vatav 2484 1307 1177 514 5
37 Bhawanipura 3169 1656 1513 692 5
38 Ardi 3161 1641 1520 667 5
39 Vishnoli 3735 1908 1827 713 5
40 Porda 3836 2008 1828 852 5
41 Bandhni 9100 4737 4363 1922 5
42 Ghunteli 2447 1293 1154 481 5
43 Ravipura 1460 746 714 301 5
44 Ravli 4757 2442 2315 735 6
45 Nepa Talpad 11452 5845 5607 2170 5
46 Nepa Vanto 7914 4036 3878 1461 5
47 Harakhpura 2053 1093 960 411 5
48 Sanjaya 4014 2101 1913 825 5
49 Jol 5952 3093 2859 1278 5
50 Pamol 4804 2510 2294 940 5
51 Mogar 9028 4693 4335 1867 5
52 Simarada 2589 1366 1223 565 5
53 Sunav 5545 2897 2648 1260 4
54 Mahelav 12641 6601 6040 2572 5
55 Padgol 5951 3045 2906 1261 5
56 Bamroli 6305 3197 3108 1338 5
57 Vaghasi 5312 2779 2533 1168 5
58 Hadgood 14262 7389 6873 2846 5
59 Dantali 2100 1115 985 457 5
60 Samarkha 22712 11642 11070 4612 5
61 Narsanda 7136 3688 3448 1481 5
Total 354111 183739 170372 73307 --

Literacy
The overall percentage of literate in the area is 81.71%. Total literate population is
150133. The literacy rate of female is only 69.55% while literacy rate in male is 81.71%.
Amongst the total population 18.29 % are illiterate.

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.49

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Table 3.27: Literacy Rate

Male Female Total

Sr.
Village % % %
No. Literates Literates Literates
Literacy Literacy Literacy
1 Sandesar 2765 82.86% 2262 73.42% 5027 78.33%
2 Valasan 3278 79.60% 2535 64.47% 5813 72.21%
3 Boriya 2129 81.98% 1618 68.50% 3747 75.56%
4 Meghva Gana 796 87.47% 656 81.80% 1452 84.81%
5 Gana 1894 87.52% 1659 86.63% 3553 87.10%
6 Vans Khiliya 1295 83.55% 1073 75.94% 2368 79.92%
7 Jitodiya 2138 86.63% 1816 78.48% 3954 82.69%
8 Mogri 4439 85.46% 3634 78.03% 8073 81.95%
9 Navli 3055 86.57% 2592 80.47% 5647 83.66%
10 Morad 1891 79.09% 1458 66.73% 3349 73.19%
11 Khandhali 842 83.78% 664 73.86% 1506 79.10%
12 Lambhvel 2351 79.91% 1678 63.66% 4029 72.23%
13 Gamdi 6249 82.77% 5108 72.64% 11357 77.88%
14 Bhatiel 971 82.50% 757 70.09% 1728 76.56%
15 Vadtal 4234 82.37% 3355 72.51% 7589 77.70%
16 Rajnagar 1124 82.77% 849 63.03% 1973 72.94%
17 Chikhodara 6860 82.96% 5770 75.05% 12630 79.15%
18 Vadod 4928 79.75% 3649 62.73% 8577 71.50%
19 Jakhariya 989 81.74% 765 68.43% 1754 75.34%
20 Gopalpura 1170 85.03% 921 71.73% 2091 78.61%
21 Napad Vanto 5856 80.36% 4611 66.13% 10467 73.40%
22 Napad Talpad 2527 84.66% 2012 76.07% 4539 80.62%
23 Kasumbad 1265 80.99% 1019 68.21% 2284 74.74%
24 Naman 1333 82.28% 1125 75.30% 2458 78.93%
25 Singlav 1087 77.09% 704 56.73% 1791 67.56%
26 Dahemi 2031 78.48% 1532 63.12% 3563 71.05%
27 Dedarda 2129 79.71% 1547 61.63% 3676 70.95%
28 Dhobikui 431 80.11% 309 62.80% 740 71.84%
29 Dhundakuva 987 84.79% 848 79.40% 1835 82.21%
30 Surkuva 673 85.41% 492 65.95% 1165 75.95%
31 Ashi 1732 84.00% 1384 73.46% 3116 78.97%
32 Kavitha 2635 82.04% 2049 68.39% 4684 75.45%
33 Agas 1200 81.52% 963 71.55% 2163 76.76%
34 Fangani 1589 83.19% 1375 81.75% 2964 82.52%
35 Sihol 2469 77.69% 1855 64.57% 4324 71.46%
36 Vatav 1039 79.50% 717 60.92% 1756 70.69%
37 Bhawanipura 1356 81.88% 974 64.38% 2330 73.52%
38 Ardi 1311 79.89% 969 63.75% 2280 72.13%
39 Vishnoli 1497 78.46% 1199 65.63% 2696 72.18%
40 Porda 1686 83.96% 1306 71.44% 2992 78.00%
41 Bandhni 3872 81.74% 3206 73.48% 7078 77.78%
42 Ghunteli 1127 87.16% 1027 88.99% 2154 88.03%
43 Ravipura 570 76.41% 390 54.62% 960 65.75%
44 Ravli 1951 79.89% 1440 62.20% 3391 71.28%
45 Nepa Talpad 4462 76.34% 3594 64.10% 8056 70.35%
46 Nepa Vanto 2904 71.95% 2222 57.30% 5126 64.77%

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.50

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Male Female Total

Sr.
Village % % %
No. Literates Literates Literates
Literacy Literacy Literacy
47 Harakhpura 879 80.42% 596 62.08% 1475 71.85%
48 Sanjaya 1725 82.10% 1285 67.17% 3010 74.99%
49 Jol 2409 77.89% 1802 63.03% 4211 70.75%
50 Pamol 2032 80.96% 1590 69.31% 3622 75.40%
51 Mogar 3846 81.95% 3194 73.68% 7040 77.98%
52 Simarada 1128 82.58% 854 69.83% 1982 76.55%
53 Sunav 2508 86.57% 2142 80.89% 4650 83.86%
54 Mahelav 5207 78.88% 3801 62.93% 9008 71.26%
55 Padgol 2554 83.88% 2144 73.78% 4698 78.94%
56 Bamroli 2557 79.98% 1772 57.01% 4329 68.66%
57 Vaghasi 2321 83.52% 1739 68.65% 4060 76.43%
58 Hadgood 6099 82.54% 4871 70.87% 10970 76.92%
59 Dantali 994 89.15% 882 89.54% 1876 89.33%
60 Samarkha 9665 83.02% 7452 67.32% 17117 75.37%
61 Narsanda 3092 83.84% 2683 77.81% 5775 80.93%

Social Structure
In the study area about 5.0% of the population belongs to the schedule caste and 2.0%
to schedule tribes. The population social structure is given in below table.

Table 3.28: Social Structures

S. Total SC ST
Village % SC % ST
No. Population Population Population
1 Sandesar 6418 393 6 24 0
2 Valasan 8050 537 7 33 0
3 Boriya 4959 657 13 13 0
4 Meghva Gana 1712 135 8 0 0
5 Gana 4079 650 16 80 2
6 Vans Khiliya 2963 43 1 0 0
7 Jitodiya 4782 235 5 119 2
8 Mogri 9851 177 2 191 2
9 Navli 6750 335 5 86 1
10 Morad 4576 170 4 0 0
11 Khandhali 1904 81 4 0 0
12 Lambhvel 5578 289 5 296 5
13 Gamdi 14582 963 7 868 6
14 Bhatiel 2257 343 15 51 2
15 Vadtal 9767 307 3 161 2
16 Rajnagar 2705 38 1 0 0
17 Chikhodara 15957 413 3 669 4
18 Vadod 11996 287 2 258 2
19 Jakhariya 2328 33 1 28 1
20 Gopalpura 2660 188 7 166 6
21 Napad Vanto 14260 27 0 272 2
22 Napad Talpad 5630 8 0 523 9

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.51

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

S. Total SC ST
Village % SC % ST
No. Population Population Population
23 Kasumbad 3056 115 4 0 0
24 Naman 3114 78 3 8 0
25 Singlav 2651 105 4 0 0
26 Dahemi 5015 201 4 5 0
27 Dedarda 5181 279 5 6 0
28 Dhobikui 1030 5 0 0 0
29 Dhundakuva 2232 39 2 59 3
30 Surkuva 1534 7 0 0 0
31 Ashi 3946 471 12 79 2
32 Kavitha 6208 638 10 129 2
33 Agas 2818 118 4 5 0
34 Fangani 3592 434 12 2 0
35 Sihol 6051 296 5 17 0
36 Vatav 2484 235 9 7 0
37 Bhawanipura 3169 315 10 0 0
38 Ardi 3161 256 8 5 0
39 Vishnoli 3735 97 3 0 0
40 Porda 3836 146 4 5 0
41 Bandhni 9100 390 4 21 0
42 Ghunteli 2447 97 4 31 1
43 Ravipura 1460 0 0 6 0
44 Ravli 4757 72 2 25 1
45 Nepa Talpad 11452 431 4 0 0
46 Nepa Vanto 7914 68 1 0 0
47 Harakhpura 2053 98 5 0 0
48 Sanjaya 4014 248 6 0 0
49 Jol 5952 106 2 51 1
50 Pamol 4804 383 8 0 0
51 Mogar 9028 401 4 83 1
52 Simarada 2589 314 12 62 2
53 Sunav 5545 492 9 27 0
54 Mahelav 12641 658 5 204 2
55 Padgol 5951 115 2 16 0
56 Bamroli 6305 180 3 0 0
57 Vaghasi 5312 205 4 83 2
58 Hadgood 14262 579 4 508 4
59 Dantali 2100 197 9 69 3
60 Samarkha 22712 582 3 115 1
61 Narsanda 7136 547 8 202 3

Occupational Pattern
The Occupational profile has been classified based on the India census 2011
classification.

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.52

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat
Table 3.29: Occupational patterns of the Villages in the Study area

Sr. Total Main Marginal Non

Village
No workers workers workers workers
1 Sandesar 2448 2310 138 3970
2 Valasan 3273 2262 1011 4777
3 Boriya 2025 1746 279 2934
4 Meghva Gana 704 651 53 1008
5 Gana 1797 1429 368 2282
6 Vans Khiliya 1229 1059 170 1734
7 Jitodiya 1783 1702 81 2999
8 Mogri 3722 3112 610 6129
9 Navli 2602 2176 426 4148
10 Morad 1528 1387 141 3048
11 Khandhali 785 669 116 1119
12 Lambhvel 1791 1409 382 3787
13 Gamdi 4978 4661 317 9604
14 Bhatiel 1017 992 25 1240
15 Vadtal 3280 2190 1090 6487
16 Rajnagar 1098 920 178 1607
17 Chikhodara 5793 5207 586 10164
18 Vadod 4494 4071 423 7502
19 Jakhariya 745 738 7 1583
20 Gopalpura 1002 921 81 1658
21 Napad Vanto 5457 4836 621 8803
22 Napad Talpad 2236 2121 115 3394
23 Kasumbad 1124 926 198 1932
24 Naman 1524 1446 78 1590
25 Singlav 1406 1047 359 1245
26 Dahemi 1920 1771 149 3095
27 Dedarda 2628 1810 818 2553
28 Dhobikui 426 365 61 604
29 Dhundakuva 774 762 12 1458
30 Surkuva 601 427 174 933
31 Ashi 1672 1198 474 2274
32 Kavitha 2581 1948 633 3627
33 Agas 1271 1010 261 1547
34 Fangani 1433 1290 143 2159
35 Sihol 2850 2321 529 3201
36 Vatav 1035 627 408 1449
37 Bhawanipura 1749 1586 163 1420
38 Ardi 1557 1431 126 1604
39 Vishnoli 1247 1104 143 2488
40 Porda 1468 1336 132 2368
41 Bandhni 3963 2858 1105 5137

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.53

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Sr. Total Main Marginal Non

Village
No workers workers workers workers
42 Ghunteli 1177 1091 86 1270
43 Ravipura 548 522 26 912
44 Ravli 1538 1247 291 3219
45 Nepa Talpad 4286 3309 977 7166
46 Nepa Vanto 2480 2174 306 5434
47 Harakhpura 658 593 65 1395
48 Sanjaya 2074 1764 310 1940
49 Jol 2299 1995 304 3653
50 Pamol 1782 1563 219 3022
51 Mogar 3489 2985 504 5539
52 Simarada 965 945 20 1624
53 Sunav 2232 1871 361 3313
54 Mahelav 5718 4567 1151 6923
55 Padgol 2894 2164 730 3057
56 Bamroli 2280 2092 188 4025
57 Vaghasi 1874 1724 150 3438
58 Hadgood 4226 3903 323 10036
59 Dantali 710 687 23 1390
60 Samarkha 9843 7470 2373 12869
61 Narsanda 2214 1912 302 4922

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.54

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat
Table 3.30: Summary of Basic amenities available at study area
Sr. Village Educational Medical facility Drinking Communication Transportation Road Power
No facility water facility facility facility Facility Supply
Facility
1 Sandesar P, S PHS T, WW, TW SPO, PCO BS, RS (5-10 km) PR, KR, FP EA
2 Valasan P, S 2-PHS T, WW, TW PCO BS, RS (< 5 km) PR, KR, FP EA
3 Boriya P PHS T, WW, TW SPO, PCO BS, RS (>10 km) PR, KR, FP EA
4 Meghva Gana P -- T, TW SPO, PCO BS, RS (5-10 km) PR, KR, FP EA
5 Gana P, S PHS T, TW SPO, PCO BS, RS (5-10 km) PR, KR, FP EA
6 Vans Khiliya P -- T, TW PCO BS, RS (5-10 km) PR, KR, FP EA
7 Jitodiya P PHS T, TW SPO, PCO BS, RS (5-10 km) PR, KR, FP EA
8 Mogri P, S PHS T, TW SPO, PCO BS, RS (>10 km) PR, KR, FP EA
9 Navli P, S PHC, 2 - PHS T, TW SPO, PCO BS, RS (5-10 km) PR, FP EA
10 Morad P PHC, PHS, MCW T, WW, TW SPO, PCO BS, RS (>10 km) PR, KR, FP EA
11 Khandhali P PHS T, TW SPO, PCO BS, RS (5-10 km) PR, KR, FP EA
12 Lambhvel P PHS T, WW, TW SPO, PCO BS, RS (< 5 km) PR, KR, FP EA
13 Gamdi P, S PHS T, WW, TW SPO, PCO BS, RS (< 5 km) PR, KR, FP EA
14 Bhatiel P -- T PCO BS, RS (>10 km) PR, KR, FP EA
15 Vadtal P, S PHS, VH T, TW SPO, PCO BS, RS (>10 km) PR, KR, FP EA
16 Rajnagar P PHS T, TW SPO, PCO BS, RS (< 5 km) PR, KR, FP EA
17 Chikhodara P, S PHC, 2 - PHS T, TW SPO, PCO BS, RS (5-10 km) PR, KR, FP EA
18 Vadod P, SS PHC, 2 - PHS T, WW,TW SPO, PCO BS, RS PR, KR, FP EA
19 Jakhariya P, S, SS -- T, WW,TW PCO BS, RS (< 5 km) PR, KR, FP EA
20 Gopalpura P PHS T, WW,TW SPO, PCO BS, RS (< 5 km) PR, KR, FP EA
21 Napad Vanto P, S 2-PHS T, TW SPO, PCO BS, RS (5-10 km) PR, KR, FP EA
22 Napad Talpad P, S PHS T, TW SPO, PCO BS, RS (>10 km) PR, FP EA
23 Kasumbad P PHS T, TW SPO, PCO BS, RS (5-10 km) PR, FP EA
24 Naman P -- T, TW PCO BS, RS (5-10 km) PR, KR, FP EA
25 Singlav P PHC T, WW,TW SPO, PCO BS, RS (< 5 km) PR, KR, FP EA
26 Dahemi P PHC T, WW,TW SPO, PCO BS, RS (5-10 km PR, FP EA
27 Dedarda P PHS T, TW SPO, PCO BS, RS (< 5 km) PR, KR, FP EA
28 Dhobikui P -- T, WW,TW PCO BS, RS (< 5 km) PR, KR, FP EA
29 Dhundakuva P -- T, WW,TW SPO, PCO BS, RS (5-10 km) PR, KR, FP EA

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.55

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat
Sr. Village Educational Medical facility Drinking Communication Transportation Road Power
No facility water facility facility facility Facility Supply
Facility
30 Sur Kuva P PHS T, WW,TW SPO, PCO BS, RS (< 5 km) PR, KR, FP EA
31 Ashi P, S PHS, MCW T, WW SPO, PCO BS, RS (5-10 km) PR, KR, FP EA
32 Kavitha P, S PHS T, WW,TW SPO, PCO BS, RS (< 5 km) PR, KR, FP EA
33 Agas P, S PHS, MCW T, WW,TW SPO, PCO BS, RS PR, KR, FP EA
34 Fangani P, S PHS, MCW T, TW SPO, PCO BS, RS (< 5 km) PR, KR, FP EA
35 Sihol P PHC, PHS, MCW T, TW SPO, PCO BS, RS (5-10 km) PR, KR, FP EA
36 Vatav P -- T, WW,TW PCO BS, RS (< 5 km) PR, KR, FP EA
37 Bhawanipura P PHS T, WW,TW SPO, PCO BS, RS (< 5 km) PR, KR, FP EA
38 Ardi P PHS, MCW T, TW SPO, PCO BS, RS (5-10 km) PR, FP EA
39 Vishnoli P -- T, TW PCO BS, RS (5-10 km) PR, KR, FP EA
40 Porda P, S PHS, MCW T, WW,TW SPO, PCO BS, RS (< 5 km) PR, KR, FP EA
PHC, PHS,
41 Bandhni P T, TW PCO BS, RS (5-10 km) PR, KR, FP EA
MCW, VH
42 Ghunteli P PHS, MCW T, WW SPO, PCO BS, RS (5-10 km) PR, FP EA
43 Ravipura P -- T, WW PCO BS, RS (5-10 km) PR, KR, FP EA
44 Ravli P -- T, TW PCO BS, RS (< 5 km) PR, FP EA
45 Nepa Talpad P PHC, 2 - PHS T, TW SPO, PCO BS, RS (5-10 km) PR, FP EA
46 Nepa Vanto P, S PHS T, WW,TW SPO, PCO BS, RS (< 5 km) PR, KR, FP EA
47 Harakhpura P -- T PCO BS, RS (>10 km) PR, KR, FP EA
48 Sanjaya P -- T, WW,TW PCO BS, RS (>10 km) PR, KR, FP EA
49 Jol P PHS T, TW SPO, PCO BS, RS (< 5 km) PR, KR, FP EA
50 Pamol P PHS T, TW SPO, PCO BS, RS (5-10 km) PR, KR, FP EA
51 Mogar P, S PHS T, WW,TW SPO, PCO BS, RS (5-10 km) PR, KR, FP EA
52 Simarada P, S PHC, PHS, MCW T, TW SPO, PCO BS, RS (5-10 km) PR, KR, FP EA
53 Sunav P, S 2- PHS, MCW T, WW,TW SPO, PCO BS, RS (5-10 km) PR, KR, FP EA
54 Mahelav P, S PHC, PHS, MCW T, WW,TW SPO, PCO BS, RS (>10 km) PR, KR, FP EA
55 Padgol P, S PHS, MCW T, WW SPO, PCO BS, RS (>10 km) PR, KR, FP EA
56 Bamroli P, S PHS, MCW, VH T, TW SPO, PCO BS, RS (5-10 km) PR, KR, FP EA
57 Vaghasi P, S PHS T, TW SPO, PCO BS, RS (5-10 km) PR, KR, FP EA
58 Hadgood P, S PHS T, TW SPO, PCO BS, RS (5-10 km) PR, KR, FP EA
59 Dantali P -- T, WW,TW SPO, PCO BS, RS (< 5 km) PR, KR, FP EA

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.56

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat
Sr. Village Educational Medical facility Drinking Communication Transportation Road Power
No facility water facility facility facility Facility Supply
Facility
60 Samarkha P, S 3-PHS T, WW, TW SPO, PCO BS, RS (<5 km) PR, FP EA
61 Narsanda P, S PHC, 2- PHS, T, TW SPO, PCO BS, RS (5-10 km) PR, KR, FP EA

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.57

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Abbreviations related to above table:

P : Primary School
S : Secondary School
SS : Senior Secondary School
PHC : Primary Health Centre
PHS : Primary Health Sub-Centre
MCW : Maternity & Child Welfare Centre
HA : Hospital-Allopathic
D : Dispensary
VH : Veterinary Hospital
FWC : Family Welfare Centre
T : Tap Water
WW : Well Water
TW : Tube well/bore well
PH : Telephone Connection / mobile phone
PCO : Public Call Office
SPO : Sub Post Office
CSC : Common Service centre
BS : Bus Service
RS : Railway Stations
PR : Pucca Roads
KR : Kutcha Roads
FP : Footpaths
EA : Power Supply for All Uses

3.14 TRAFFIC STUDY

Traffic counts are important to calculate the existing and proposed load on the existing Road
for proposed expansion Project.

Project site is located at Viththal Udhyog Nagar GIDC, Anand. Unit will use the road passing
at the project site from internal road of V. U. Nagar GIDC which is connected to the Gujarat
State Highway-83 @ 1.0 km away. Thus, traffic survey has been carried out for the stated
route from internal road of Viththal Udhyog Nagar GIDC, Anand. Studied route is shown in
figure below:

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.58

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Figure 3.18: Image showing Traffic Surveying Location

State highway 83

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.59

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Surveyed Route: SH-83 @ 1.68 km away from the project site.

Details regarding the traffic survey are:

 Traffic counts were collected and recorded in 4 hours intervals.

 Morning period (pick hours) survey was carried out from 8:00 to 12:00 hrs.
 Evening period (pick hours) survey was carried out from 16:00 to 20:00 hrs.

Traffic counts observed during the above survey are tabulated below;

TABLE 3.31: Traffic Count Table

From Internal road of GIDC of Viththal

Udhyog Nagar to SH-83
Type of Vehicles
Timings of Survey (hrs)
08.00-12.00 (4 hr) 16.00-20.00 (4 hr)
Large Trailer 18 12
Heavy (Bus, Truck, etc.) 28 22
Medium (Tractors, light 26 20
commercial vehicles etc.)
Light (Car, Jeep, Pickup Van etc.) 48 40
3 Wheeler (Rickshaw) 44 42
2 Wheeler (Scooter, motorcycle, 60 55
cycle etc.)

TABLE 3.32: Assessment of proposed Traffic Load

From Internal road of GIDC

of Viththal Udhyog Nagar to
SH-83; 2-Lane Divided
(Two-Way) PCU factor
as per
Type of Vehicles Average Equivalent
Indian
Vehicles PCU
Road Code
Per (Passenger
Hour (Worst Car Unit) per
Case) hour
Large Trailer 15 67.5 4.5
Heavy (Bus, Truck, etc.) 25 75 3
Medium (Tractors, light 23 34.5
1.5
commercial vehicles etc.) 0 0
Light (Car, Jeep, Pickup Van etc.) 44 44 1
3 Wheeler (Rickshaw) 43 43 1
2 Wheeler (Scooter, motorcycle, 57.5 28.75 0.5
cycle etc.)
Total PCU/ hr 292.75
Width of Road (m) 14
Design PCU per hour 1200
Existing PCU per hour 292.75

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.60

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

7 (Heavy) 21
5 (Medium) 7.5
Proposed Load per day 4 (Light) 4
7 (3 Wheeler) 7
10 (2 Wheeler) 5
Total Proposed Load per day 44.5
Proposed PCU per hour 1.85
Total PCU per hour after the
294.6
Proposed Project

Traffic survey has been carried out of from Internal road of GIDC of Vithal Udhyog Nagar to
SH-83. Based on the traffic survey hourly vehicular traffic has been calculated. Considering
worst case scenario, average number of vehicles observed during 4 hours has been taken as
hourly counts. Passenger Car Unit (PCU) has been calculated by applying PCU factor.
Proposed load of trucks due to the movement of raw materials, fuel and products has been
calculated. A design capacity of road has been taken from the Indian Road Code.
Assessment of proposed traffic load is given in below table. From the above table, it can be
concluded that even for considering the worst case; there will be minor increase in vehicular
load due to the proposed project. However, the total traffic load even after the proposed
project will be very low compare to the design capacity of roads. Adequate parking
arrangements will be provided within the industrial premises.

As no major increase in traffic due to the proposed project, there will be less chance in
increase in vehicular pollution. However, unit will take adequate measures by instructing
transporter for using only PUC certified trucks/vehicles and carrying out regular service and
maintenance of them.

Chapter-3: Project Description 3.61

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

CHAPTER – 4 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL

IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES

4.1 IDENTIFICATION OF IMPACT

This chapter identifies and predicts the potential impacts on different environmental
components due to the construction and operation of the proposed expansion project. It
details all the potential impacts on biophysical and socio-economic components of the
local environment due to the proposed activities and sub-activities.

This chapter presents identification and appraisal of the likely impacts due to the
proposed expansion project of synthetic resins manufacturing plant at Krishna
Chemicals located at Plot No. 1703/4, Phase IV, Vithal Udhyog Nagar GIDC, Taluka &
District: Anand in Gujarat State. Prediction of impacts is the most important component in
the Environmental Impact Assessment studies. Several qualitative and quantitative
techniques and methodologies are used to conduct analysis of the potential impacts
likely to build up as a result of the proposed development activities on physico-chemical,
ecological and socio-economic environments. Such predictions are superimposed over
the baseline (pre-project) status of the environmental quality to derive at the ultimate
(post-project) scenario of environmental conditions. The prediction and identification of
impacts helps to minimize the adverse impacts and maximize the beneficial impacts on
environmental quality during pre and post project execution.

4.2 VALUED ENVIRONMENTAL COMPONENTS

The project activities will interact with various valued Environmental Components viz.,
 Air Environment
 Noise Environment
 Water Environment
 Land Environment
 Terrestrial Ecology
 Socio-economic Environment

Proposed expansion project will be carried out in the existing premises located in vithal
Udhyog nagar GIDC, Anand taluka. Potential impacts that may occur due to the
proposed expansion project activities in both construction and operation phase have
been identified and evaluated and are summarized in the following sections.

Chapter-4: Anticipated Environment Impacts

4.1
and Mitigation Measures
 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

4.3 POTENTIAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES DURING

CONSTRUCTION PHASE
Proposed expansion project related various activities during construction phase have
been identified as sources having potential to cause impact upon various environmental
attributes;
 Site cleaning
 leveling and road laying
 Earthwork comprising of excavation, grading, trenching
 Transportation of construction materials
 Civil construction
 Water requirement and wastewater generation
 Mechanical erection
 Employment
 Greenbelt development

The key problem anticipated would be increase in dust contamination and noise.
However, these impacts would be for a limited period of time i.e. up to construction
period only. Potential impacts due to above construction activities and its mitigation
measures are given below.

Table 4.1: Construction phase–impacts and mitigation measures

Sr.
Environmental Component Potential Impact
No.
1 Air Short term negative impact
Mitigation Measures:
 The emissions will be temporary and limited within project boundary. So, it
is not expected to contribute significantly to the ambient air quality.
However, unit will take following measures for control of dust emissions:
 All transportation vehicles will be suitably covered with tarpaulin &
overloading of the vehicles will be avoided
 Storage of sand and other such dispersible material by covering with
tarpaulin sheet
 Keeping minimum inventory/stock of sand and other such dispersible
material at site
 The heights, from which materials will be dropped, will be the minimum
practical height to limit fugitive dust generation.
 Use of water sprinkling system at site for dust suppression
 Provision of barricade of steel sheet/ tin sheet of minimum 3 m heights to
protect the surrounding area from the dust
 Upwind portion of the project will be constructed first
 PUC certified vehicles will be used to avoid the exhaust emission
 The construction activity will be carried out during day time only.
 Greenbelt is already developed at the project site, which will contribute to
control the fugitive emission occurred due to construction activity.
2 Noise Short term negative impact
Mitigation Measures:
 The impacts will be temporary and limited within project boundary. So, it is

Chapter-4: Anticipated Environment Impacts

4.2
and Mitigation Measures
 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

not expected to contribute significantly to the ambient noise.

However, unit will take following measures for control of noise:
 The noise generated from construction machinery will be kept low by
keeping the moving parts serviced and properly lubricated.
 Adequate PPE’s (ear plugs, ear muffs, helmet, mask etc.) will be provided
to the workers.
 The construction activity will be carried out during day time only.
 All transportation vehicles will be suitably covered with tarpaulin &
overloading of the vehicles will be avoided
 Vehicular movement carrying raw materials will be avoided during night
time.
 The vehicles will be regularly maintained and optimum use of the same will
be made.
 PUC certified vehicles will be used.
3 Water Short term negative impact due to water
consumption & sewage generation
Mitigation Measures:
 Water requirement for construction phase will be not much and for short
period and the same will be fulfilled by existing water supply source i.e.
GIDC water supply
 The wastewater generation will be from the domestic activities which will be
treated along with blow down from the cooling water.
 Thus, there will not be any adverse impact on water environment.
However, unit will take following measures:
 Adopting good construction and engineering practices will help in fresh
water conservation and reducing the water pollution. The construction
activity will be carried out during day time only.
 Measures will be implemented to prevent seepage of liquid materials into
ground where it could contaminate groundwater and soil like Ensure prompt
cleaning up of accidental spillages; Measures will be followed to prevent the
contamination of hydrological features by diesel, grease, oil, etc. derived
from the working area; The machinery / equipment will be maintained in a
good operating condition; Specially designated areas will be created for
vehicle maintenance.
4 Land Short term negative impact due to change
in top layer of soil
Mitigation Measures:
 Proposed expansion will be carried out in the existing premises, which is
located in Vithal Udhyog Nagar GIDC of Anand taluka, notified industrial
area.
 Therefore, no change will occur in land use pattern as well as there will not
be any significant topographical change. However, temporary change in top
layer of soil will be occurred but the construction activity will help in fixation
of soil, thereby reducing the soil erosion.
 Top soil to be generated during construction activity will be preserved and
used for the green belt development. Other excavated earth from the
construction activity will be used for the backfilling and leveling in low laying
area.
 Greenbelt development will have significant impact in reduction of the soil
erosion.
5 Ecology Long term positive impacts due to

Chapter-4: Anticipated Environment Impacts

4.3
and Mitigation Measures
 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

greenbelt development
Unit will develop green belt area in the 33% area of the total project land out of
which unit has already developed green belt @ 245 sq. mtr (20 %) inside plant
premises and unit will develop 159 sq. mtr. (13 %) outside plant premises at
GIDC allotted plot, which will have positive impact on local flora & fauna.
6 Socio-economic environment Short term positive impacts due to
employment generation
Temporary employment will be generated due to construction activities and
related services like transportation of construction materials, mechanical
erections etc.

4.4 POTENTIAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES DURING OPERATION

PHASE

Proposed expansion project related various activities during operation phase have been
identified as sources having potential to cause impact upon various environmental
attributes;

 Raw material and product storage & handling

 Transportation of raw materials and finished products
 Manufacturing process & utility operations (consumption of resources & generation
and management of liquid effluent, gases from stacks, Hazardous waste and Noise)
 Emergencies or disaster
 Breakdown of critical systems
 Employment
 Green Belt Development
 CSR activities

Potential Environmental Impact Matrix

This methodology incorporates a list of project activities with a checklist of environmental

components that might be affected. Matrix methods incorporate environmental conditions
on one axis and proposed actions on the other.
The interaction between project activities and environmental parameters described
above are shown in the impact matrix in the below table. The matrix points out each
activity and its impact on specific environmental parameters. This is a qualitative work
and does not indicate quantitative impact. Some of the impacts are temporary and
localized and some impacts are short term and long term in the matrix.

Table 4.2: Potential Environmental Impact Matrix

Env. Attributes Health (Individual/

Flora & Socio
Air Water Land Noise Community,
Fauna economic
Project Activites Occupational)

Chapter-4: Anticipated Environment Impacts

4.4
and Mitigation Measures
 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat
Production
ST -ve ST -ve ST -ve ST -ve ST -ve LT -ve -
Activity
Material
Storage,
ST -ve - - - - ST -ve -
Transportation
and handling
Solvent
ST -ve - - - - ST -ve -
handling
Gaseous
ST -ve ST -ve - ST -ve ST -ve -
Emissions
Effluent
- ST -ve - - - - -
generation
Green belt
LT +ve LT +ve LT +ve LT +ve LT +ve LT +ve --
Devlopment
Employment - - - - - LT +ve LT +ve

Potential impacts due to proposed plant operation w.r.t. environmental components are
discussed with the mitigation measures here below;

4.4.1. Air Environment

Long term impacts on the air quality are anticipated due to operational activities mainly
manufacturing of unsaturated polyester resins. Main source of air pollution will be flue
gas emission due to Thermic fluid heater (4 Lakh Kcal/Hr & 1 Lakh Kcal/Hr) and
occasional use of D. G. Set (62 KVA Stand by). The significant pollutants are PM, SO2 &
NOx in flue gas emission.

There will be no process gas emission occurred for the manufacturing Process of
unsaturated polyester resins.

There will be chances of fugitive emission due to manufacturing activities and chemical
handing & transportation.

The baseline ambient air quality status in the study area during monitoring season
indicates that pollutants are well within the prescribed National Ambient Air Quality
Standards. Impact of a source or a group of sources on air quality has been evaluated
using mathematical models as described in following topic.

Air Quality Modelling

AERMOD View-Lake Environmental Software, which is a Gaussian-Plume atmospheric
dispersion algorithm for estimating concentration of pollutant, has been used to predict
the Ground Level Concentrations (GLC’s) of PM10, SO2 and NOx due to plant activity.
The GLC’s were predicted on 24 hourly average bases keeping in view the prescribed
national ambient air quality standards (NAAQS).

Chapter-4: Anticipated Environment Impacts

4.5
and Mitigation Measures
 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Data used for Modelling

The hourly meteorological data along as summarized in chapter-with emission rate for
individual pollutants used for prediction of air quality impacts as given in chapter 2 has
been taken into consideration.

Particulate matter (PM)

The predicted concentrations of PM are shown in the form of isopleths in Figure 4.1 and
Table 4.3.
Table 4.3: Ground level Concentration of PM in µg/m3
Distance & Incremental
Predicted Baseline
Sr. Location Direction result after
Name of Location GLC Result (Avg.),
No. Code from Project development of
µg/m3 µg/m3
Site Project
1 AAQ-1 Project site -- 0.0036 76.38 76.3836
2 AAQ-2 Sandesar 4.12 km, W 0.0005 65.75 65.7505

3 AAQ-3 Bhatiel 7.82 km, SW 0.0001 65.50 65.5001

4 AAQ-4 Vadtal 8.29 km, NNW 0.0001 67.63 67.6301
5 AAQ-5 Mogri 1.32 km, E 0.003 68.21 68.213
6 AAQ-6 Vallabh Vidhya 2.56 km, NE 0.0003 66.67 66.6703
Nagar
7 AAQ-7 Gopalpura 8.01 km, E 0.00036 66.92 66.92036
8 AAQ-8 Napa Talpad 5.33 km, S 0.00036 65.50 65.50036

Chapter-4: Anticipated Environment Impacts

4.6
and Mitigation Measures
 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Figure 4.1: Ground Level Concentration of PM

Chapter-4: Anticipated Environment Impacts

4.7
and Mitigation Measures
 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat
Sulphur dioxide (SO2)
The predicted concentrations of SO2 for study period are shown in the form of isopleths
in Figure 4.2 and Table 4.4.

Table 4.4: Ground level Concentration of SO2 in µg/m3

Sr. Location Name of Distance & Predicted Baseline Incremental
No. Code Location Direction GLC µg/m3 result result after
from Project (Avg.) development
Site µg/m3 of Project
1 AAQ-1 Project site -- 21.98 0.024 22.004
2 AAQ-2 Sandesar 4.12 km, W 19.33 0.002 19.332
3 AAQ-3 Bhatiel 7.82 km, SW 13.03 0.0005 13.0305
4 AAQ-4 Vadtal 8.29 km, NNW 12.55 0.0001 12.5501
5 AAQ-5 Mogri 1.32 km, E 11.22 0.002 11.222
6 AAQ-6 Vallabh Vidhya 2.56 km, NE 10.59 0.002 10.592
Nagar
7 AAQ-7 Gopalpura 8.01 km, E 10.38 0.00024 10.38024
8 AAQ-8 Napa Talpad 5.33 km, S 10.04 0.00024 10.04024

Chapter-4: Anticipated Environment Impacts

4.8
and Mitigation Measures
 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Figure 4.2: Ground Level Concentration of SO2

Chapter-4: Anticipated Environment Impacts

4.9
and Mitigation Measures
 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat
Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx)
The predicted concentrations of NOx for study period are shown in the form of isopleths
in Figure 4.3 and Table 4.5.

Table 4.5: Ground level Concentration of NOX in µg/m3

Distance & Baseline Incremental

Sr. Location Name of Direction Predicted result result after
No. Code Location from Project GLC µg/m3 (Avg.) development of
Site µg/m3 Project
1 AAQ-1 Project site -- 0.065 21.21 21.275

2 AAQ-2 Sandesar 4.12 km, W 0.004 19.17 19.174

3 AAQ-3 Bhatiel 7.82 km, SW 0.006 15.88 15.886

4 AAQ-4 Vadtal 8.29 km, NNW 0.001 16.21 16.211

5 AAQ-5 Mogri 1.32 km, E 0.004 18.22 18.224

AAQ-6 Vallabh Vidhya 2.56 km, NE 0.01 15.95 15.960

6
Nagar
7 AAQ-7 Gopalpura 8.01 km, E 0.004 17.68 17.684

8 AAQ-8 Napa Talpad 5.33 km, S 0.004 17.55 17.554

Chapter-4: Anticipated Environment Impacts

4.10
and Mitigation Measures
 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat
Figure 4.3: Ground Level Concentration of NOX

Chapter-4: Anticipated Environment Impacts

4.11
and Mitigation Measures
 Green Sea Industries Pvt. Ltd.
Draft Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Survey No. 71/2, Village: Shikarpur,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
Tal.: Bhachau, Dist.: Kutch, Gujarat

The prediction results corresponding to PM, SO2, NOx, as shown above indicate that the
air quality impacts with respect to pollutants exclusively from the proposed expansion
projects would be insignificant and the post-project status shall remain under prescribed
NAAQS for Industrial, Residential and other areas.

Also, during the operation phase of the project, the impacts on air quality due to
vehicular emissions will be very less. Considering the nature of activities, which the
proposed project will be result, less number of vehicular movements within the site and
low threshold values, air pollution is not expected to be a major concern. It is for these
reasons that the ambient air quality predictions using models have not been carried out
for fugitive emissions from vehicles.

Mitigation measures:
 For thermic fluid heater (4 Lac Kcal/hr & 1 Lac Kcal/hr), Natural gas will be used as a
fuel, hence adequate stack height will be provided.
 For D.G. set (62 KVA) will be kept as standby and diesel will be used as fuel,
adequate stack height will be provided.
 Unit will also take care of fugitive emission and will provide following measures;
 The entire manufacturing activity will be carried out in closed reactors/ vessels
and regular checking and maintenance of the same will be carried out to avoid
any leakages.
 All the motors of pumps for the handling of hazardous chemicals will be flame
proof and provided with suitable mechanical seal with stand-by arrangement.
 Monitoring and control of all parameters on a continuous basis will be done by
adequate control valves, pressure release valves and safety valves etc.
 All the flange joints of the pipe lines will be covered with flange guards.
 All the raw materials will be stored in isolated storage area and containers will be
tightly closed.
 Usage of closed handling system for odorous chemicals /solvents as far as
possible.
 There will be a provision of adequate ventilation system in process plant and
hazardous chemical storage area.
 A regular preventive maintenance will be carried out to replace or rectify all
gaskets, joints etc.
 Precautionary measures will also be taken while handling various hazardous
chemicals although in case of any accidental spillage, attended immediately and
properly by collecting, absorbing, neutralizing, etc. as applicable
 Carry out work area monitoring regularly to measure hazardous chemicals.
 The unit will develop green belt within the factory premises which will control the
fugitive emissions from spreading into surrounding environment.

Thus, there will not be any significant adverse impact on ambient air due to provision
of adequate pollution control facilities and measures to be taken.

4.4.2. Noise Level

Operational phase impacts on noise level will mainly result from the operation of plant
machineries and D.G set. However, there will not be any larger types of machineries will

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Draft Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Survey No. 71/2, Village: Shikarpur,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
Tal.: Bhachau, Dist.: Kutch, Gujarat
be provided which generate high magnitude noise. Noise level where predicted to
exceed 75 dB(A), workers there shall be provided with personal protective equipment
(PPEs). Noise may also be generated due to movement of heavy vehicles, medium
vehicles and automobiles during operational phase. However, it has been envisaged that
increase in noise impacts due to vehicular movement will be temporary and marginal to
be considered for their impacts on nearby human settlement.

Mitigation measures:
 Employees should be provided with Personal Protective Equipment like earplugs or
earmuffs, wherever required.
 Periodic maintenance of machinery and vehicles should be undertaken to reduce the
noise impact.
 Noise suppression measures such as enclosures, buffers and/or protective
measures should be provided (wherever noise level is more than 75 dB (A)).

Thus, there will not be any significant adverse impact on ambient noise due to proposed
activities.

4.4.3. Water Environment

At present, the source of fresh water is GIDC and the same source will be continued
after the proposed expansion. At present, water requirement is 0.30 KLD, which will be
increase up to 52.6 KLD, out of which 12.8 KLD will be fresh water and 39.8 KLD (38
KLD Condensate water + 1.8 KLD reuse water) will be recycle water. No bore well
will be dug in premises. There will a sewage generation of 0.8 KLD and industrial effluent
generation will be 2.9 KLD.

Mitigation measures:
 Effluent generation from the process and washing will be treated in Fenton reactor of
ETP-2 where COD/BOD load will be reduced. After sludge separation it will be
stored in storage tank from where it will be evaporated in thermic evaporator.
 Industrial effluent other than process like blowdown from cooling tower and
domestic, total @ 1.8 KLD will be treated in ETP-1. Effluent other than domestic will
be collected in collection tank where the same will be neutralized and chemically
treated. After sludge separation, it will be taken to aeration tank where domestic
effluent will be mixed. All effluents will be biologically treated and after sludge
separation it will be reused for cooling.
 Flow meters will be provided at water intake and ETP inlet and outlet. Records of
water consumption, wastewater generation and evaporation will be maintained.
 Water conservation practices will be adopted and latest technologies will be adopted
for optimum resources consumption with minimum waste generation.
Thus, the proposed project will not have any significant impact on surface as well as
ground water environment.

4.4.4. Land Environment

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Draft Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Survey No. 71/2, Village: Shikarpur,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
Tal.: Bhachau, Dist.: Kutch, Gujarat
Proposed expansion project will be carried out within the same existing premises located
in Vithal Udhyog nagar GIDC of Annad taluka. There will not any change in land cover
and land use due to proposed expansion project. Total area of the project site is 1222
m2, out of which unit has developed 245 m2 (20%) green belt area within plant premises
and 159 m2 (13%) has been earmarked for green belt area development outside plant
premises at GIDC allotted plot. The green area development and tree plantation will help
in enhancing the aesthetics of the plant and help in reducing soil erosion.

Discarded drums/Containers, used/spent oil will be the hazardous waste generated from
raw material storage and plant machineries respectively. ETP Sludge and evaporation
salt will be generated from effluent treatment plant. Process waste will be generated from
manufacturing process.
Mitigation Measures:
Designated hazardous waste storage area having separate storage part for each waste
will be provided with leachate collection system and top cover.
Empty drums/bags will be sent to authorized recycler for recycle purpose, while
used/spent oil will be sent to authorized re-processors. ETP waste and evaporation salt
will be collected, stored and disposed at TSDF.

Hazardous waste generated from the facility shall be disposed off in suitable manner as
per the Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement)
Rules, 2016. Proper housekeeping practices will adopt to avoid any kind of land
contamination. The record of all the hazardous wastes generation and disposal shall be
maintained.

Hazardous chemicals will be stored in isolated storage with all the precautionary
measures. So, there will be no chance of any kind of land contamination from chemical
or waste spillage.

4.4.5. Socio-Economic Environment

The proposed expansion project will have some positive impact on the industrial growth
in the region. It is anticipated that during the operation phase, the proposed expansion
project will generate direct employment as well as indirect employment due to sales /
transportation etc.

Mitigation Measures:
The overall project will have a long term benefit and hence no mitigation measure will be
required. However, as per the skills, preference to local people shall be given in
employment. After proposed expansion, project will provide direct employment to total 10
(existing 6 + proposed 4) people whereas it will provide employment to many others
indirectly.

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Draft Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Survey No. 71/2, Village: Shikarpur,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
Tal.: Bhachau, Dist.: Kutch, Gujarat
4.4.6. Ecology and Biodiversity
As the expansion project activity will be carried out in the same existing premises, there
will be no tree cutting or land clearing required. The study zone does not have any
ecologically sensitive location and hence, the plant activities are not expected to have
any impact on the ecology and biodiversity.
There will be no reserve forest / National Park / Wildlife Sanctuary located within 10 km
radius of the project site.
Mitigation Measures:
There is already green belt developed in the 20% area of the total plot area i.e. 245 m2
area within premises and 159 m2 green belt development outside plant premises, which
will help in development of biodiversity. The indigenous plants are planted along with
ornamental trees/shrubs to provide an aesthetic environment within and around the
plant. The maintenance of the greenbelt developed shall be ensured and survival rate of
the plants shall also be studied every half yearly.

4.4.7. Odour Problem

Some of the processes and wastes generated from the plant may release high odour.
Undesirable odour contributes to air quality concerns and affect human lifestyles. On the
economic front, loss of property value near odour-causing operations/industries and
odorous environment is partly a consequence of offensive odour. Odour is undoubtedly
the most complex of all the air pollution problems. Mainly odour generated by the
industries varies enormously since they can be generated during the production,
processing, or even in the waste water treatment areas of the plants.

Mitigation Measures:
 Odour causing raw materials will be charged in closed chambers with exhaust of
chambers connected to ducting system.

Additional Measures
 Odour rounds by non-plant personnel will hold regular meetings and “odour rounds”
in the factory premises for ensuring effective implementation of odour control
measures.
 As a long term measure to improve the environment, plantation of trees within factory
premises as well as along the nearby roads is proposed.
 De-odorizer solution will be sprayed through special network, which will be laid
around the plant. It will help in neutralizing the fugitive emissions.

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Draft Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Survey No. 71/2, Village: Shikarpur,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
Tal.: Bhachau, Dist.: Kutch, Gujarat
 Beneath all sample points/ drain points, spill control powder containing trays will be
kept so as to adsorb even slightest of leakage, if at all arises from these points.
4.4.8. Overall Impact Analysis

Critical analysis of the existing physical and socio-economic profile of the area vis-à-vis
its scenario with proposed project activities, identifies the following impacts:

Positive Impacts
The positive impacts of the proposed project are as given below:
 The proposed expansion project would enhance employment opportunities for the
local people.
 There will not be any adverse impact on communication and transportation
 Residential/Built up will not be acquired for the proposed expansion project as the
project will be carried out in the same premises and hence there is no
displacement of population.

Negative Impacts
There will be temporary negative impacts of the proposed project:
 Air emissions and its impacts shall be properly minimize and taken care off.
Thus, no adverse impact is expected on surrounding environment and community health.

4.5 CARBON FOOT PRINT, GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORIZATION AND CARBON

SEQUENCE

4.5.1 GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORIZATION

The Inventorization of GHG is done as per the GHG protocol under scope 1, scope 2,
Scope 3. These scopes are defined as under:

Scope 1: Direct GHG emissions:

Direct GHG emissions occur from sources that are owned or controlled by the company,
for example, emissions from combustion in owned or controlled thermic fluid heater, D G
Set etc.; emissions from chemical production in owned or controlled process equipment.
Direct CO2 emissions from the combustion of biomass shall not be included in scope 1.

Scope 2: Indirect GHG emissions:

Scope 2 accounts for GHG emissions from the generation of purchased electricity
consumed by the company. Purchased electricity is defined as electricity that is
purchased or otherwise brought into the organizational boundary of the company.

Scope 3: Other indirect GHG emissions

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Draft Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Survey No. 71/2, Village: Shikarpur,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
Tal.: Bhachau, Dist.: Kutch, Gujarat
Scope 3 is an optional reporting category that allows for the treatment of all other indirect
emissions. Scope 3 emissions are a consequence of the activities of the company, but
occur from sources not owned or controlled by the company. Some examples of scope 3
activities are extraction and production of purchased materials; transportation of
purchased fuels; and use of sold products and services. The credits for by products
being sold as raw materials outside the boundary of the plant would be considered under
scope 3.

For this proposed unit, Scope 3 for GHG Inventorization is not taken into consideration
as the unit is not following the said activities.

For site balance and for individual process balance, the boundaries and the details of
inputs and outputs are furnished in the following figures. The balance for the Admin is
also in the scope of this study. These inputs and outputs would form the basis for
developing spreadsheets for detailed calculations and Inventorization of GHG.

Figure 4.4 : Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of Manufacturing Process:

Emissions to Atmosphere
 SPM, SOx, NOx & VOC

Inputs: Products:
 All the Raw  All 7 number of
materials Process Products
 Water
 Electricity

Byproducts and Waste:

 Waste Water
 Discarded bags and
containers
 Evaporation salt
 ETP Sludge
 Used Oil

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Draft Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Survey No. 71/2, Village: Shikarpur,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
Tal.: Bhachau, Dist.: Kutch, Gujarat
Figure 4.5: Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) for Utilities

Emissions to Atmosphere
 PM, NOx & SOx Heat
loss, vapour loss
Inputs: By-Products/Waste:
 Fuel (Natural gas &  Blowdown
Diesel)  Used oil from
Plant
 Oil for machineries TFH and
machineries
 Chemicals Used for and utilities machinery
descaling / Biocide (Cooling tower, 
 Water TFH, Boiler, DG
 Electricity Set)

Figure 4.6: Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) for Admin

Emissions to Atmosphere
 HFC, CO2, Heat loss

Inputs:
 Electricity Admin (Air Cooling
System, Refrigerator)

4.5.2 Methodology for Estimation of GHG Emissions:

This section describes the method for estimating CO2 emissions from the Unit. The
methodology is based on the consumption of raw materials, fuels, other utilities like heat
and electricity. The required data can be obtained from direct weighment of raw
materials, fuels and other carbon by-products as measured (M) data or estimated (E)
from stoichiometric equations. In the calculation worksheets show the default CO 2
emission factors for each emission source can be obtained from IPCC Good Practice
Guidelines, where default emissions factors are not available, these are to be estimated
as custom emission factors.

The equation for estimation of CO2 emission can be written as under:

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Draft Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Survey No. 71/2, Village: Shikarpur,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
Tal.: Bhachau, Dist.: Kutch, Gujarat

Ey = Net CO2 emissions during the year (t CO2)

Qi,y = Quantity input during the year y for raw materials, fuels, etc. (t)
EFi,y = Emission factor for input raw material I during the year y (t CO 2/t)
Qo,y = Quantity output during the year y for products and by-products (t)
EFo,y = Emission factor for output o during the year y (t CO2/t)
The net emission factor is the value selected from default/custom emission factors and
should be used for calculation purpose in the spreadsheets given as attachment to this
report for site and individual processes.

The net emission factor is the value selected from default/custom emission factors and is
used for calculation purpose in the spreadsheets.
4.5.3 Carbon Sequestration study report and proposed mitigation measures:

Green Belt Development:

To sequestrate this CO2 emissions, 101 nos. of trees will be planted in 404 m2 (33%)
area within the premises.
Unit will plant all species (101 nos.) within 1st year. Tree will grow up within 3 years.
Approx. 1 MT of CO2 will be absorbed by 3 mature trees per year.
Approx. 17 MT CO2 will be absorbed by 101 nos. trees per year after maturation i. e.
after 3 years.

RENEWABLE ENERGY:

The unit is planning to install Solar street lights and solar panel at roof top of industrial
shed within the premises. So this will also sequestrate CO2.

4.6 WATER FOOT PRINT

A water footprint shows the extent of water use in relation to consumption by people. The
water footprint of an individual, community, or business is defined as the total volume
of fresh water used to produce the goods and services consumed by the individual or
community or produced by the business. Water use is measured in water volume
consumed (evaporated) and/or polluted per unit of time. A water footprint can be
calculated for any well-defined group of consumers (e.g., an individual, family, village,
city, province, state, or nation) or producers (e.g., a public organization, private
enterprise, or economic sector), for a single process (such as growing rice) or for
any product or service. Traditionally, water use has been approached from the

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Draft Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Survey No. 71/2, Village: Shikarpur,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
Tal.: Bhachau, Dist.: Kutch, Gujarat
production side, by quantifying the following three columns of water use: water
withdrawals in the agricultural, industrial and domestic sector.
There are many different aspects to water footprint and therefore different definitions and
measures to describe them. There are main three type of water foot prints. They are:

1. Blue water footprint refers to groundwater or surface water usage

2. Green water footprint refers to rainwater
3. Grey water footprint refers to the amount of water needed to dilute pollutants.

4.6.1 Life- cycle Assessment of Water use

Life-cycle assessment (LCA) is a systematic, phased approach to assessing the
environmental aspects and potential impacts that are associated with a product, process
or service. "Life cycle" refers to the major activities connected with the product's life-
span, from its manufacture, use, and maintenance, to its final disposal, and also
including the acquisition of raw material required to manufacture the product. Thus a
method for assessing the environmental impacts of freshwater consumption was
developed. It specifically looks at the damage to three areas of protection: human health,
ecosystem quality and resources. The consideration of water consumption is crucial
where water-intensive products (for example agricultural goods) are concerned that need
to therefore undergo a life-cycle assessment. In addition, regional assessments are
equally as necessary as the impact of water use depends on its location. In short, LCA is
important as it identifies the impact of water use in certain products, consumers,
companies, nations, etc. which can help reduce the amount of water used.
Figure 4.7 : Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) for ETP/Water Consumption:

Emissions to Atmosphere
 CO2 Heat loss, vapor loss, VOCs

Inputs:
 Electricity
 Water Effluent Treatment Plant Products:
 Chemicals used for  Treated effluent
treatment
 Oil used as lubricant
By-Products/Waste:
 ETP Sludge
 Evaporation residue
 Used Oil

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 Green Sea Industries Pvt. Ltd.
Draft Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Survey No. 71/2, Village: Shikarpur,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
Tal.: Bhachau, Dist.: Kutch, Gujarat
4.6.2 GREEN CHEMISTRY
Green chemistry is the design of chemical products and processes that reduce or eliminate the
generation of hazardous substances. EPA's efforts to speed the adoption of this revolutionary
and diverse discipline have led to significant environmental benefits, innovation and a
strengthened economy.
 Reduces the amount of any hazardous substance, pollutant, or contaminant
entering any waste stream or otherwise released into the environment (including
fugitive emissions) prior to recycling, treatment, or disposal.
 Reduces the hazards to public health and the environment associated with the
release of such substances, pollutants, or contaminants.
 Green Chemistry basically depended on 12 Principles. They are mentioned as
below:
 Prevent waste: Design chemical syntheses to prevent waste. Leave no waste to
treat or clean up.
 Maximize atom economy: Design syntheses so that the final product contains the
maximum proportion of the starting materials. Waste few or no atoms.
 Design less hazardous chemical syntheses: Design syntheses to use and
generate substances with little or no toxicity to either humans or the environment.
 Design safer chemicals and products: Design chemical products that are fully
effective yet have little or no toxicity.
 Use safer solvents and reaction conditions: Avoid using solvents, separation
agents, or other auxiliary chemicals. If you must use these chemicals, use safer
ones.
 Increase energy efficiency: Run chemical reactions at room temperature and
pressure whenever possible.
 Use renewable feedstocks: Use starting materials (also known as feed stocks)
that are renewable rather than depletable. The source of renewable feed stocks is
often agricultural products or the wastes of other processes; the source of
depletable feed stocks is often fossil fuels (petroleum, natural gas, or coal) or
mining operations.
 Avoid chemical derivatives: Avoid using blocking or protecting groups or any
temporary modifications if possible. Derivatives use additional reagents and
generate waste.
 Use catalysts, not stoichiometric reagents: Minimize waste by using catalytic
reactions. Catalysts are effective in small amounts and can carry out a single
reaction many times. They are preferable to stoichiometric reagents, which are
used in excess and carry out a reaction only once.
 Design chemicals and products to degrade after use: Design chemical
products to break down to innocuous substances after use so that they do not
accumulate in the environment.
 Analyze in real time to prevent pollution: Include in-process, real-time
monitoring and control during syntheses to minimize or eliminate the formation of
byproducts.
 Minimize the potential for accidents: Design chemicals and their physical forms
(solid, liquid, or gas) to minimize the potential for chemical accidents including
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Draft Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Survey No. 71/2, Village: Shikarpur,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
Tal.: Bhachau, Dist.: Kutch, Gujarat
explosions, fires, and releases to the environment.

As a part of Green Chemistry process, it mainly states “Source Reduction” at project site only.
The term “Source Reduction” includes:
 Modifications to equipment or technology
 Modifications to process or procedures
 Modifications, reformulation or redesign of products
 Substitution of raw materials
 Improvements in housekeeping, maintenance, training, or inventory control
Unit has already taken effective steps to reduce source waste and effluent generation at project
site. As a part of process unit has initiated to recover solvent at project site and reuse in
manufacturing process. Due to this use of fresh solvent will be reduced and spent solvent
generation will be reduced.
We are working on to find better substitution of hazardous raw material. As a part of process, unit
will undergo all reactions in closed reactors, so energy loss and fugitive emission will be reduced.
Proper housekeeping and handling of chemicals will be done effectively to reduce spillage at
project site.

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 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

CHAPTER –5 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES

5.1 INTRODUCTION
It is the best practice that the EIA should consider project alternatives and
their relative potential impact on the environment. Alternatives must,
however, be both practical and reasonable, within the overall constraints of
the proposed project development. The project alternative is the way of action
in pace of another, that would meet the same purpose and need, but which
would avoid or minimize negative impacts and enhance project benefits.

5.2 ANALYSIS OF SITE ALTERNATIVE

Krishna chemicals is an existing unit and proposed expansion will be carried

out in the same premises. Existing land area 1222 m2 is sufficient for further
expansion activities. Hence, no other site or area was analyzed for expansion
activities.

5.3 ALTERNATIVE FOR TECHNOLOGIES

The unit is manufacturing resins since last long. The unit has adopted latest
and best technology available so far in the market for the manufacturing of
the such products. Moreover, the unit is very concerns and conscious about
the product quality and equally about the environmental protection and
resource conservation; and hence they will put their efforts for
replacing/upgrading their plant and machineries from time to time with the
best available technology.

Chapter-5: Analysis of Alternatives 5.1

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

CHAPTER - 6 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM

6.1 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM

Environmental monitoring describes the processes and activities that need to take
place to characterize and monitor the quality of the environment. Environmental
monitoring is used in the preparation of environmental impact assessments, as well as
in many circumstances in which human activities carry a risk of harmful effects on the
natural environment. All monitoring strategies and program have reasons and
justifications which are often designed to establish the current status of an
environment or to establish trends in environmental parameters. Environmental
Monitoring program is operation phase of the project for monitoring of various
environmental parameters like air, water, noise, soil etc.
M/s. Krishna Chemicals proposed to expand capacity of the synthetic organics
chemicals manufacturing in the same plant premises. It has adequate environmental
monitoring programme.

6.2 OBJECTIVES OF MONITORING

 To comply with the statutory requirements of monitoring for compliance with

conditions of EC, NOC and CC&A.
 To comply with the provision of factory Act.
 To verify the result of the impact assessment study in particular with regards to new
development.
 Identification of any significant adverse transformation in environmental condition to
plan additional mitigation measures; if & as required.
 To check or assess the efficiency of the controlling measures.
 To ensure that new parameters, other than those identified in the impact assessment
study, do not become critical through the commissioning of new project.
 To establish a data base for future impact assessment studies for new project.

6.3 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM

Environmental Monitoring should be carried out on regular basis during operation phase
of the project. Environmental Monitoring plan for the project is given in Table 6.1.

Chapter-6: Environmental Monitoring Program 6.1

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Table 6.1: Environmental Monitoring Plan (During Operational Phase)

Component Parameters Location Frequency

Ambient Air PM10, PM2.5, SO2, One within premises Quarterly
Quality NOx and one outside the
gate.
Stack Monitoring Particulates, SO2, Stack of TFH & DG Quarterly
NOx set
Water quality As per IS 10500 Intake source Quarterly
Wastewater pH, TDS, COD, Treated and Quarterly
Analysis BOD, TSS, O & G untreated
General parameters
Noise level Noise levels Main gate, ETP area, Quarterly
TFH area, DG Set,
Plant area
Hazardous waste general parameters ETP sludge Annually
Occupational All relevant All workers Regularly
health parameters check ups

6.4 INFRASTRUCTURAL REQUIREMENT FOR MONITORING

Flow meters will be provided at fresh water intake and main usage lines and at the inlet
and outlet of ETP. In addition to this, regular monitoring will be carried out by NABL
approved laboratory as proposed in monitoring plan. Unit will develop occupational
health center inside the plant premises with first aid box, antidotes and general
medicines. Doctor will be appointed for regular checkup. All medical records will be
maintained as per the Factory Act in Form No. 33. The unit will also make necessary tie-
up with nearby hospitals for the medical assistance in case of any emergency.

6.5 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL

For effective implementation of the monitoring program, it is necessary to have a

permanent organizational set-up. Thus, unit will set-up permanent environmental
management cell (EMC) for the effective implementation and monitoring of
environmental management system as given below.

EMC will monitor all project activities to ensure the appropriate implementation of all
environmental mitigation activities and to identify areas where environmental
management plan compliance is not satisfied. Responsibilities will be assigned to officer
from various disciplines to perform and co-ordinate the activities concerned with
management and implementation of environmental control measures. Director of the

Chapter-6: Environmental Monitoring Program 6.2

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

company will be responsible for overall environmental management. Manager will inform
all the matter regarding environmental management including reporting of non-
compliances / violations of environmental norms.

Figure 6.1: Environmental Management Cell

Director

Manager

EHS Head

ETP In-charge Safety TFH

Officer Operator

ETP ETP
Operator Chemist

6.6 DATA ANALYSIS, DOCUMENTATION & REPORTING

All environmental monitoring data will be stored as computer database by the

Environmental Management Cell (EMC) for proper storage, retrieval and interpretation of
the same. A regular database format will be maintained to keep a track of monitored
parameters and causes will be identified in case of non-conformity with the permissible
limits.

Reporting of environmental performance with reference to EMP will be carried out. The
EHS officer will co-ordinate all monitoring programs and data to be generated will be
submitted regularly to the manager and ultimately to statutory agencies. Frequency of
reporting will be as per the monitoring plan and as per the requirement of GPCB and
MoEF&CC.

Chapter-6: Environmental Monitoring Program 6.3

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

CHAPTER – 7 ADDITIONAL STUDIES

7.1 RISK ASSESSMENT

A three levels risk assessment approach has been adopted for M/s Krishna Chemicals
at Plot No.1703/4, Phase-IV, GIDC, Vitthal Udyog Nagar – 38812, Ta. & Dist.: Anand.
Unit proposes to manufacture synthetic organic chemicals having capacity of 310
MT/Month after expansion. The risk assessment levels are generally consistent with the
practices encountered through various assignments for medium and large chemical
complexes. The brief outline of the three tier approach is given below:

 Level 1–Risk Screening

This is top-down review of worst-case potential hazards/risks, aimed primarily at

identifying plant sites or areas within plant, which pose the highest risk. Various
screening factors considered include:
• Inventory of hazardous materials;
• Hazardous Materials properties;
• Storage conditions (e.g. temperature and pressure);
• Location sensitivity (distance to residential areas/populace).
The data/information is obtained from plant. The results provide a relative indication of
the extent of hazards and potential for risk exposure.

 Level 2–Major Risk Survey (Semi - Quantitative)

The survey approach combines the site inspection with established risk assessment
techniques applied both qualitative as well quantitative mode. The primary objective is to
identify and select major risks at a specific location in the plant considering possible soft
spots/weak links during operation/maintenance. Aspects covered in the risk usually
include:
• Process Hazards;
• Process Safety Management Systems;
• Fire Protection and Emergency response equipment and programs.
• Security Vulnerability;
• Impact of hazards consequences (equipment damage, business interruption, injury,
fatalities);
• Qualitative risk identification of scenarios involving hazardous materials;
• Risk reduction measures.

Chapter-7: Additional Studies 7.1

 Krishna Chemicals
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 Level 3–Quantitative Risk Assessment (Deterministic)

This is the stage of assessment of risks associated with all credible hazards (scenarios)
with potential to cause an undesirable outcome such as human injury, fatality or
destruction of property. The four basic elements include:

• Hazards identification utilizing formal approach (Level 2, HAZOP etc.);

• Frequency Analysis. Based on past safety data (incidents / accidents); identifying
likely pathway of failures and quantifying the toxic / inflammable material release;
• Hazards analysis to quantify the consequences of various hazards scenarios (fire,
explosion, BLEVE, toxic vapour release etc.). Establish minimum value for damage
(e.g. IDLH, over pressure, radiation flux) to assess the impact on environment.
• Risk Quantification: Quantitative techniques are used considering effect/impact due to
weather data, population data, and frequency of occurrences and likely hood of
ignition/toxic release. Data are analysed considering likely damage (in terms of
injury/fatality, property damage) each scenarios is likely to cause.

QRA provides a means to determine the relative significance of a number of undesired

events, allowing analyst and the team to focus their risk reduction efforts where they will
be beneficial most.

7.1.1 Objective of the Study

The objective of the risk analysis includes the following:
 Identification of hazards
 Selection of credible scenarios.
 Consequence analysis of selected accidents scenarios.
 Risk mitigation Measures.

Accidental risk involves the occurrence or potential occurrence of some accident

consisting of an event or sequence of events resulting into fire, explosion or toxic
hazards to human health and environment.

The hazard potential and estimation of consequences in case of its accidental release
are the issues of immediate relevance to be considered. It is therefore, imperative to
carry out Maximum Credible Accident (MCA) analysis at the first stage, which identifies
vulnerable areas around the facility and suggests a set of recommendations to improve
safety.

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 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
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Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
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The work undertaken consists of the following stages:

Collection of relevant data on project description and proposed activities.

7.1.2 Hazard identification

Mapping the process step by step in a specific workplace area, tasks in process or
activities making up a task by utilizing the existing company documentation. The actual
hazard likely to be encountered will vary depending upon equipment and structured
being design. A selection of principal hazard to be considered would include trapped by
something collapsing or overturning, stuck by moving vehicle, contact with electricity or
an electric discharge, stuck by falling/ flying objects, Contact with moving machinery,
leakage slippage of waste or raw material.

7.1.3 Ways to minimize the manual handling of the hazardous chemicals

1 Forklifts are used for unloading chemical barrels/carboys, their movements within
plant, handling carboys, bulk chemical bags, etc.
2 Cranes, hoists, pallet trucks, conveyors, etc. are used as per the requirement, to
eliminate manual handling.
3 Lifting tools & tackles are used, wherever required.
4 SOPs, work instructions are prepared and followed.
5 Trainings are provided to relevant staff, operators, workers for the risk associated
with manual handling of hazardous chemicals, ways to overcome those risk, etc.

7.1.4 Action Plan for Consumption, Storage & Transportation of Hazardous

Chemicals
Flammable chemicals will be stored in open area outside the process plant with all the
safety measures. Hazardous chemicals will be stored and handle in dispensing room
for taking out sample from the container for quality check-up purpose or for the partial
use. This activity for Hazardous material handling will be carried out by using all PPEs
with proper ventilation & under supervision.

Chapter-7: Additional Studies 7.3

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

a) Storage of Hazardous Chemicals

 The drums & tanks should never be filled full with the liquid chemical. There should
be sufficient space to take care of thermal Greenfield. The drums & tanks should
preferably be stored in a well-ventilated shed (preferably away from process units)
with impermeable floor sloping away from the storage drums & tanks.
 The storage area should be declared as a prohibited area and should be provided
with fencing having at least two exits. “No Smoking” and/or “Prohibited Area” display
boards, as applicable should be provided at site.
 The storage foundation should be of suitable material of construction to prevent
corrosion.
 The inventory of all hazardous chemicals for that matter must be kept as minimum as
possible.
 All cables and electric fittings shall be constructed, installed, protected, operated and
maintained in such a manner so as to prevent risk of open sparking.
 Periodic site inspection should be carried out.

b) Process of Hazardous Chemicals

 Any reaction upsets will be confined to the reaction vessel itself as defined quantity of
raw materials will be issued to the reaction vessel by metering pumps/load cells.
 Process parameters control will be provided as per SOP- Standard Operating
Procedures. Materials will be transferred by pumping through pipeline or by vacuum
from drums.
 Trained person will be engaged for handling of hazardous materials. Proper safety
precautions will be taken during handling of hazardous materials.
 All solvents and flammable material with required quantity will be charge in reactor by
pump or by gravity. All the vessels will be examined periodically by a recognized
competent person.
 All the vessels and equipments will be well earthed appropriately and well protected
against Static Electricity.

c) Handling of Hazardous Chemicals

 All Hazardous and flammable chemicals will store separately and away from the
strong oxidant & kept it in well ventilated room. Adequate fire-fighting system will be
installed. Safety shower and eye washer will be installed near storage area. Flame
proof light fitting will be provided at storage area.

Chapter-7: Additional Studies 7.4

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
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V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

 Sprinkler system will be installed near storage area. Safety permit system will be
followed for loading and unloading. Isolate storage will be provided with wire fencing
under lock and key.
 Caution note, hazardous identification board will be provided. Only authorized person
will be permitted in storage area and register will be maintained. Wind Indicator and
siren will be provided.

d) Transportation of Hazardous chemicals

It will be ensuring that during the transportation contents are not spilled, packaging is not
damaged and personnel are properly trained to generate, transport and receive such
materials. Vehicle used for transportation shall be in accordance with the provisions
under the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988, and rules made there under.
 Training will be provided to driver and cleaner regarding the safe driving, hazards of
chemicals, emergency handling.
 Transporter should have valid “Pollution Under Control Certificate” (PUCC) during the
transportation of HM and shall be properly displayed.
 The design of the trucks shall be such that there is no spillage during transportation.
 Vehicle should be fitted with mechanical handling equipment as may be required for
safe handling and transportation.
 “HAZARDOUS SYMBOL” shall be displayed on all sides of the vehicle in Vernacular
Language, Hindi and English.
 Colour code is to be provided to the tanker to indicate the type of material present in
that.
 Each vehicle shall carry first-aid kit, spill control equipment and fire extinguisher.
 Appropriate PPEs will be kept.

Chapter-7: Additional Studies 7.5

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
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Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

The occupier of hazardous substance shall prepare seven copies of the manifest (transporting documents) in Form 10 (rule 19 (1))
comprising of colour code indicated below (all six copies to be signed by the transporter):

 Copy 1 (White): To be forwarded by the sender to the State Pollution Control Board after signing all the seven copies.
 Copy 2 (Yellow): To be retained by the sender after taking signature on it from the transporter and the rest of the five signed copies
to be carried by the transporter.
 Copy 3 (Pink): To be retained by the receiver (actual user or treatment storage and disposal facility operator) after receiving the
waste and the remaining four copies are to be duly signed by the receiver.
 Copy 4 (Orange): To be handed over to the transporter by the receiver after accepting waste.
 Copy 5 (Green): To be sent by the receiver to the State Pollution Control Board.
 Copy 6 (Blue): To be sent by the receiver to the sender.
 Copy 7 (Grey): To be sent by the receiver to the State Pollution Control Board of the sender in case the sender is in another State.

Table 7.1: Characteristic of Raw Materials

B.P.0C F.P.0C UEL TLV/ LD50 mg/Kg

Name of the Raw Specific Vapour Vapour
S. No Boiling Flash LEL TWA NFPA Rating
Material Gravity Density Pressure
Point Point % ppm LC50 mg/l
Oral: LD50 = 1530
mg/kg (Rat)

Dermal: LD50 > 10

TWA: Health: 2
10.50 % g/kg (Rabbit) 0.01 mbar
1. Phthalic anhydride* 284 °C 152 °C 0.002 1.5300 NA Flammability: 1
1.70 % @ 20 °C
mg/m3 Instability: 1
Inhalation:
LC50 > 2.14 mg/L
(Rat) 4 h

Chapter-7: Additional Studies 7.6

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

B.P.0C F.P.0C UEL TLV/ LD50 mg/Kg

Name of the Raw Specific Vapour Vapour
S. No Boiling Flash LEL TWA NFPA Rating
Material Gravity Density Pressure
Point Point % ppm LC50 mg/l
Dermal:
TWA: 10 LD50 > 2000
ppm mg/kg (Rat) Health: 3
145 - 146 7.0% 7 mbar @
2. Styrene* 31 °C 0.906 1.22 Flammability: 3
°C 1.1% STEL: 20 °C
Inhalation: Instability: 2
20 ppm LC50 = 11.7 mg/L
(Rat) 4 h
Oral:
10400 mg/kg (Rat) Health: 0
0.0000008
3. Iso Phthalic acid NA NA NA NA Dermal: NA NA Flammability: 0
1 mmHg
> 2000 mg/kg Instability: 0
(Rabbit)
LD50 Oral:
>15 g/kg (Rat)
LD50 Dermal: Health: 2
<0.01
Pure Terephthalic TWA: 10 >2000 mg/kg
4. NA 260 °C NA NA NA mmHg @ Flammability: 1
acid mg/m3 (Rabbit)
20 °C Instability: 0
LC50 Inhalation
LC50 > 2.02 mg/L
2h
LD50 Oral:
400 mg/kg (Rat)
TWA: Health: 3
7.1 % LD50 Dermal:
5. Maleic anhydride* 200 °C 102°C 0.01 1.480 NA NA Flammability: 1
1.4 % >2620 mg/kg
ppm Instability: 1
(Rabbit)
LC50 Inhalation

Chapter-7: Additional Studies 7.7

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
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Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

B.P.0C F.P.0C UEL TLV/ LD50 mg/Kg

Name of the Raw Specific Vapour Vapour
S. No Boiling Flash LEL TWA NFPA Rating
Material Gravity Density Pressure
Point Point % ppm LC50 mg/l
LC50 = 0.16 mg/L
4h

12.6 LD50 Oral:

vol% 20 g/kg (Rat) Health: 2
2.62 0.13 mbar
6. Propylene Glycol* 187°C 99°C NA LD50 Dermal: 1.03-1.04 Flammability: 1
(Air = 1.0) @ 20 °C
2.6 LD50=20800 Instability: 1
vol % mg/kg (Rabbit)
LD50 Oral:
>5000 mg/kg (Rat)
LD50 Dermal: Health: 0
7. MP-Diol 212 °C 127 °C NA NA >2000 mg/kg NA 3.2 2.80 Pa Flammability: 1
(Rabbit) Instability: 0
LC50 Inhalation
>5.1 mg/L 4 h
TWA: 25
ppm LD50 Oral:
15.30 7712 mg/kg (Rat)
vol% STEL: Health: 2
Mono Ethylene 196 – 198 LD50 Dermal: 2.14 0.12 mmHg
8. 111 °C 50 ppm 1.113 Flammability: 1
Glycol* °C 3.20 10600 mg/kg (Rat) (Air = 1.0) @ 20 °C
Instability: 1
vol% STEL: LC50 Inhalation
10 >2.5 mg/L 6 h
mg/m3
LD50 Oral:
>15400 mg/kg Health: 1
9. Epoxy NA NA NA NA (Rat) 1.6 NA NA Flammability: 0
Instability: 0
LD50 Skin:
Chapter-7: Additional Studies 7.8
 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
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B.P.0C F.P.0C UEL TLV/ LD50 mg/Kg

Name of the Raw Specific Vapour Vapour
S. No Boiling Flash LEL TWA NFPA Rating
Material Gravity Density Pressure
Point Point % ppm LC50 mg/l
>3 gm/kg (Rabbit)
LD50 Oral:
=3300 mg/kg (Rat)

LD50 Skin: Health: 3

.0.86 mbar
10. Bis-phenol* 220 °C 227 °C NA NA >3 gm/kg (Rabbit) NA NA Flammability: 1
@ 190 °C
Instability: 0
LC50 Inhalation:
>170 mg/m3 (Rat)
6h
LD50 Oral:
=1060 mg/kg (Rat)
LD50 Dermal: Health: 3
8.80 % TWA: 20 =500 mg/kg 0.8 mbar @
11. Methacrylic acid 163 °C 76°C 1.010 NA Flammability: 2
1.6 % ppm (Rabbit) 25 °C
Instability: 0
LC50 Inhalation:
= 7.1 mg/l (Rat)
4h
Polyethylene TWA:
12. NA 440 °C NA NA NA NA NA NA
terephthalate (PET) 5mg/m3
LD50 Oral:
=12565 mg/kg
(Rat) Health: 2
3.66 0.01 mmHg
13. Di-Ethylene Glycol* 245 °C 124 °C NA NA 1.11
LD50 Dermal: (Air = 1.0) @ 30 °C Flammability: 1
=11890 mg/kg Instability: 1
(Rabbit)

Chapter-7: Additional Studies 7.9

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

B.P.0C F.P.0C UEL TLV/ LD50 mg/Kg

Name of the Raw Specific Vapour Vapour
S. No Boiling Flash LEL TWA NFPA Rating
Material Gravity Density Pressure
Point Point % ppm LC50 mg/l
LC50 Inhalation:
> 4600 mg/m3 (Rat)
4h
LD50 Oral:
=3500 mg/kg (Rat)
LD50 Dermal: Health: 2
25.6-32.2 7.0 % 3.66 8.29 mmHg
14. Xylene* 136-140 °C >1700 mg/kg 0.865 Flammability: 3
°C 1.1 % (Air = 1.0) at 25°C
(Rabbit) Instability: 0
LC50 Inhalation:
29.08 mg/l
LD50 Oral:
=340 mg/kg (Rat)
LD50 Dermal: Health: 4
8.6 % TWA: 5 0.4 mbar @
15. Phenol(92%)* 182 °C 79 °C =660 mg/kg (Rat) 1.070 NA Flammability: 2
1.7% ppm 20°C
Instability: 1
LC50 Inhalation:
>900 mg/m3 8h
(Rat)
LD50 Oral:
=500 mg/kg (Rat)
TWA: LD50 Dermal:
Health: 3
Formaldehyde 0.1 ppm =270 mg/kg
16. 101°C 50°C NA NA >1.0 NA Flammability: 2
(37%)* STEL: (Rabbit)
Instability: 0
0.3 ppm
LC50 Inhalation:
0.578 mg/L
4h (Rat)
Note: *Hazardous Chemicals as per MSIHC Rules.
Chapter-7: Additional Studies 7.10
 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
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7.2 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

7.2.1 Disasters

A disaster is a catastrophic situation in which suddenly, people are plunged into

helplessness and suffering and, as a result, need protection, clothing, shelter, medical
and social care and other necessities of life.

Disasters can be divided into two main groups. In the first, are disasters resulting from
natural phenomena like earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, storm surges, cyclones, tropical
storms, floods, avalanches, landslides, forest fires. The second group includes
disastrous events occasioned by man, or by man's impact upon the environment.
Examples are armed conflict, industrial accidents, radiation accidents, factory fires,
explosions and escape of toxic gases or chemical substances, river pollution, mining or
other structural collapses, air, sea, rail and road transport accidents which can reach
catastrophic dimensions in terms of human loss.

There can be no set criteria for assessing the gravity of a disaster in the abstract since
this depends to a large extent on the physical, economic and social environment in which
it occurs. However, all disasters bring in their wake similar consequences that call for
immediate action, whether at the local, national or international level, for the rescue and
relief of the victims. This includes the search for the dead and injured, medical and social
care, removal of the debris, the provision of temporary shelter for the homeless, food,
clothing and medical supplies, and the rapid re- establishment of essential services.

7.2.2 Objectives of Disaster Management Plan

The Disaster Management Plan is aimed to ensure safety of life, protection of
environment, protection of installation, restoration of production and salvage operations
in this same order of priorities. For effective implementation of the Disaster Management
Plan, it should be widely circulated and personnel trained through rehearsals/drills.

The Disaster Management Plan should reflect the probable consequential severalties of
the undesired event due to deteriorating conditions or through 'Knock on' effects. Further
the management should be able to demonstrate that their assessment of the
consequences uses good supporting evidence and is based on currently available and
reliable information, incident data from internal and external sources and if necessary the
reports of outside agencies.

Chapter-7: Additional Studies 7.11

 Krishna Chemicals
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To tackle the consequences of a major emergency inside the plant or in the immediate
vicinity of the plant, a Disaster Management Plan has to be formulated and this planned
emergency document is called "Disaster Management Plan". The objective of the
Industrial Disaster Management Plan is to make use of the combined resources of the
plant and the outside services to achieve the following:

 Effect the rescue and medical treatment of casualties;

 Safeguard other people;
 Minimize damage to property and the environment;
 Initially contain and ultimately bring the incident under control;
 Identify any dead;
 Provide for the needs of relatives;
 Provide authoritative information to the news media;
 Provide guideline for disaster recovery operation:
 Secure the safe rehabilitation of affected area; and
 Preserve relevant records and equipment for the subsequent inquiry into the
cause and circumstances of the Emergency.
In effect, it is to optimize operational efficiency to rescue, rehabilitate and render medical
help and to restore normalcy.

7.2.3 Emergencies
a) General, Industrial, Emergencies
The emergencies that could be envisaged in the plant and fuel storage are as follows:
1. A situation of fire at the process plant;
2. A situation of fire at the storages area;
3. Slow isolated fires;
4. Fast spreading fires;
5. Structural failures;
6. Release of toxic gas/vapour;
7. Contamination of food/water; and
8. Sabotage/Social disorder.

b) Specific Emergencies Anticipated

Fire and Explosion
Fire consequences can be disastrous, since they involve huge quantities of fuel either
stored or in dynamic inventory in pipe lines or in nearby areas. Preliminary hazard
analysis has provided a basis for consequence estimation. Estimation can be made by
using various pool fire, tank fire consequence calculations. During the study of Risk
Assessment, the nature of damages is worked out and probability of occurrence of such
hazards is also drawn up.

Chapter-7: Additional Studies 7.12

 Krishna Chemicals
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Figure: 7.1 Plant Layout showing Safe Assembly Point

Chapter-7: Additional Studies 7.13

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
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Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

7.2.4 Emergency Organization

It is recommended to setup an Emergency Organization. A senior executive who has

control over the affairs of the plant should lead the Emergency Organization. He shall be
designated as Site Controller. General Manager [O & M] shall be designated as the
Incident Controller. In the case of stores, utilities, open areas, which are not under the
control of the Production Heads, Senior Executive responsible for maintenance of utilities
would be designated as Incident Controller. All the Incident Controllers would be
reporting to the Site Controller.

Each Incident Controller, by himself, organizes a team responsible for controlling the
incidence with the personnel under his control. Shift In-charge would be the reporting
officer, who would bring the incidence to the notice of the Incidence Controller and Site
Controller.

Emergency Co-coordinators would be appointed who would undertake the

responsibilities like firefighting, rescue, rehabilitation, transport and provide essential and
support services. For this purposes, Security In-charge, Personnel Department, Essential
services personnel would be engaged. All these personnel would be designated as Key
personnel.

In each shift, electrical supervisor, electrical fitters, pump house in-charge, and other
maintenance staff would be drafted for emergency operations. In the event of power or
communication system failure, some of staff members in the office/plant offices would be
drafted and their services would be utilized as messengers for quick passing of
communications. All these personnel would be declared as essential personnel.

7.2.5 Emergency Communication

Whoever notices an emergency situation such as fire, growth of fire, leakage etc. would
inform his immediate superior and Emergency Control Center. A place nearer to the
Gate House Complex shall be identified as Emergency Control Center. The person on
duty in the Emergency Control Center would appraise the Site Controller. Site Controller
verifies the situation from the Incident Controller of that area or the Shift In-charge and
takes a decision about an impending On Site Emergency. This would be communicated

Chapter-7: Additional Studies 7.14

 Krishna Chemicals
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Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
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to all the Incident Controllers, Emergency Co-ordinators. Simultaneously, the emergency
warning system would be activated on the instructions of the Site Controller.

7.2.6 Emergency Responsibilities

The responsibilities of the key personnel are appended below:
1. Site Controller
On receiving information about emergency he would rush to Emergency Control Center
(ECC) and take charge of ECC and the situation. His responsibilities would be as
indicated below:
1. Assesses the magnitude of the situation on the advice of Incident Controller and
decides;
 Whether the affected area needs to be evacuated;
 Whether personnel who are at assembly points need to be evacuated;
2. Declares Emergency and orders for operation of emergency siren;
3. Organizes announcement by public address system about location of emergency;
4. Assesses which areas are likely to be affected, or need to be evacuated or are to
be alerted;
5. Maintains a continuous review of possible development and assesses the situation
in consultation with Incident Controller and other Key Personnel as to whether
shutting down the plant or any section of the plant is required and if evacuation of
persons is required;
6. Directs personnel for rescue, rehabilitation, transport, fire, brigade, medical and
other designated mutual support systems locally available, for meeting
emergencies;
7. Controls evacuation of affected areas, if the situation is likely to go out of control or
effects are likely to go beyond the premises of the factory, informs the District
Emergency Authority, Police, Hospital and seeks their intervention and help;
8. Informs Inspector of Factories, Deputy Chief Inspector of Factories, CECB and
other statutory authorities;
9. Gives a public statement if necessary;
10. Keeps record of chronological events and prepares an investigation report and
preserves evidence; and
11. On completion of On Site Emergency and restoration of normalcy, declares all clear
and orders for all clear warning.

Chapter-7: Additional Studies 7.15

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
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Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat
2. Incident Controller
1. Assembles the incident control team;
2. Directs operations within the affected areas with the priorities for safety to
personnel minimize damage to the plant, property and environment and minimize
the loss of materials;
3. Directs the shutting down and evacuation of plant and areas likely to be adversely
affected by the emergency;
4. Ensures that key personnel help is sought;
5. Provides advice and information to the Fire and Security Officer and the Local Fire
Services as and when they arrive;
6. Ensures that all non-essential workers/staff of the affected areas are evacuated to
the appropriate assembly points, and the areas are searched for casualties;
7. Has regard to the need for preservation of evidence so as to facilitate any inquiry
into the causes and circumstances, which caused or escalated the emergency;
8. Co-ordinates with emergency services at the site;
9. Provides tools and safety equipment to the team members;
10. Keeps in touch with the team and advices them regarding the method of control to
be used; and
11. Keeps the Site Controller of Emergency informed of the progress being made.

3. Emergency Coordinator - Rescue, Fire Fighting

1. On knowing about emergency, rushes to ECC;
2. Helps the Incident Controller in containment of the emergency;
3. Ensure fire pumps are in operating condition and instructs pump house operator
to ready for any emergency with standby arrangement;
4. Guides the firefighting crew i.e. firemen, trained plant personnel and security staff;
5. Organizes shifting the firefighting facilities to the emergency site, if required;
6. Takes guidance of the Incident Controller for firefighting as well as assesses the
requirements of outside help;
7. Arranges to control the traffic at the gate and the incident area;
8. Directs the security staff to the incident site to take part in the emergency
operations under his guidance and supervision;
9. Evacuates the people in the plant or in the nearby areas as advised by Site
Controller;
10. Searches for casualties and arranges proper aid for them;
Chapter-7: Additional Studies 7.16
 Krishna Chemicals
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Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
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11. Assembles search and evacuation team;
12. Arranges for safety equipment for the members of this team;
13. Decides which paths the evacuated workers should follow; and
14. Maintains law and order in the area, and if necessary seeks the help of police.

4. Emergency Coordinator-Medical, Mutual Aid, Rehabilitation, Transport and

Communication

1. In the event of failure of electric supply and thereby internal telephone, sets up
communication point and establishes contact with the ECC;
2. Organizes medical treatment to the injured and if necessary will shift the injured to
nearby hospitals;
3. Mobilizes extra medical help from outside, if necessary;
4. Keeps a list of qualified first aid providers for the plant and seeks their assistance;
5. Maintains first aid and medical emergency requirements;
6. Makes sure that all safety equipment is made available to the emergency team;
7. Assists Site Controller with necessary data to coordinate the emergency activities;
8. Assists Site Controller in updating emergency plan, organizing mock drills,
verification of inventory of emergency facilities and furnishing report to Site
Controller;
9. Maintains liaison with Civil Administration;
10. Ensures availability of canteen facilities and maintenance of rehabilitation center.
11. Liaises with Site Controller/Incident Controller;
12. Ensures transportation facility;
13. Ensures availability of necessary cash for rescue/rehabilitation and emergency
expenditure;
14. Controls rehabilitation of affected areas on discontinuation of emergency; and
15. Makes available diesel/petrol for transport vehicles engaged in emergency
operation.

5. Emergency Coordinator - Essential Services

1. Assists Site Controller and Incident Controller;
2. Maintains essential services like Diesel Generator, Water, Fire Water,
Compressed Air/Instrument Air, power supply for lighting;
3. Plans alternate facilities in the event of power failure, to maintain essential
services such as lighting, etc.;

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Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat
4. Organizes separate electrical connections for all utilities and emergency services
so that in the event of emergency or fires, essential services and utilities are not
affected;
5. Gives necessary instructions regarding emergency electrical supply, isolation of
certain sections etc. to shift in-charge and electricians; and
6. Ensures availability of adequate quantities of protective equipment and other
emergency materials, spares etc.

6. General Responsibilities of Employees during an Emergency

During an emergency, which becomes more enhanced and pronounced when an
emergency warning is raised, the workers who are in-charge of process equipment
should adopt safe and emergency shut down and attend to any prescribed duty as
essential employee. If no such responsibility is assigned, he should adopt a safe course
to assembly point and await instructions. He should not resort to spreading panic. On the
other hand, he must assist emergency personnel towards meeting the objectives of
DMP.

7.2.7 Emergency Facilities

1. Emergency Control Centre (ECC)
The following information and equipment are to be provided at the Emergency Control
Centre (ECC).
1. Intercom, telephone;
2. P and T telephone;
3. Self-contained breathing apparatus;
4. Fire suit/gas tight goggles/gloves/helmets;
5. Hand tools, wind direction/velocities indications;
6. Public address megaphone, hand bell, telephone directories; (internal, P and T)
plant layout, site plan;
7. Emergency lamp/torch light/batteries;
8. Plan indicating locations of hazard inventories, plant control room, sources of
safety equipment, work road plan, assembly points, rescue location vulnerable
zones, escape routes;
9. Hazard chart;
10. Emergency shut-down procedures;
11. Nominal roll of employees;
12. List of key personnel, list of essential employees, list of Emergency Co-ordinators;
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Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat
13. Duties of key personnel;
14. Address with telephone numbers and key personnel, emergency coordinator,
essential employees; and
15. Important address and telephone numbers including Government agencies, neigh
boring industries and sources of help, outside experts, fuel fact sheets and
population details around the factory.

2. Assembly Point
One assembly points, depending upon the plant location, would be identified wherein
employees who are not directly connected with the disaster management would be
assembled for safety and rescue. Emergency breathing apparatus, minimum facilities
like water etc. would be organized.
In view of the size of plant, different locations would be ear marked as assembly points.
Depending upon the location of hazard, the assembly points are to be used.

3. Fire Fighting Facilities

First Aid and sufficient number of Fire extinguishers suitable for emergency should be
maintained in the plant. This would be as per statutory requirements. Fire alarms would
be located in the bulk storage areas.

4. Location of Wind Sock

Wind socks shall be installed at appropriate places in the plant to indicate direction of
wind for emergency escape.

5. Emergency Medical Facilities

General first aid materials for dealing with chemical burns, fire burns etc. would be
maintained in the emergency control room. To provide necessary first aid facilities, the
first aid training will also be given to the employees. Necessary specific medicines for
emergency treatment of Patient’s Burns would be maintained. Breathing apparatus and
other emergency medical equipment would be provided and maintained. The unit will
appoint the medical officer for the regular medical examination of the employee. The
project site is located 2.0 km away from Vallabh Vidhyanagar town, in case of any
emergency Government and private hospital would be approached. Names of Medical
Personnel, Medical facilities in the area would be prepared and updated.

6. Ambulance
There is availability of personal vehicles to transport injured or affected persons to the

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Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
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Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat
hospital. Number of persons would be trained in first aid so that, in every shift first aid
personnel would be available.

7.2.8 Emergency Actions

a) Emergency Warning
The emergency would be communicated both to the personnel inside the plant and the
people outside. An emergency warning system shall be established for this purpose.

b) Emergency Shutdown
There are number of facilities, which can be provided to help deal with hazardous
conditions, when a tank is on fire. The suggested arrangements are:
1. Stop feed;
2. Dilute contents;
3. Remove heat;
4. Deluge with water; and
5. Transfer contents.
Whether a given method is appropriate depends on the particular case.

c) Evacuation of Personnel
There could be a number of persons in the storage area and other areas in the vicinity.
The area would have adequate number of exits, staircases. In the event of an
emergency, unconnected personnel have to escape to assembly point. Operators have
to take emergency shutdown procedure and escape. Time Office shall maintain a copy
of deployment of employees in each shift, at ECC. If necessary, persons can be
evacuated by rescue teams.

d) All Clear Signal

Also, at the end of an emergency, after discussing with Incident Controllers and
Emergency Co-coordinators, the Site Controller orders an all clear signal. When it
becomes essential, the Site Controller communicates to the District Emergency
Authority, Police, and Fire Service personnel regarding help required or development of
the situation into an Off-Site Emergency.

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Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

7.2.9 General
a) Employee Information
During an emergency, employees would be warned by raising siren in specific pattern.
Employees would be given training of escape routes and taking shelter. Employees
would be provided with information related to fire hazards, antidotes and first aid
measures. Those who would be designated as key personnel and essential employees
should be given training for emergency response.

b) Public Information and Warning

The industrial disaster effects related to this plant may mostly be confined to the plant
area. The detailed risk analysis has indicated that the pool fire effects would not be felt
outside. However, as an abundant precaution, the information related to Chemical in use
would be furnished to District Emergency Authority for necessary dissemination to
general public and for any use during an offsite emergency. Plants of this size and
nature have been in existence in our country for a long time.

c) Co-ordination with Local Authorities

Keeping in view of the nature of emergency, two levels of coordination are proposed. In
the case of an On Site Emergency, resources within the organization would be mobilized
and in the event extreme emergency local authorities help would be sought.
In the event of an emergency developing into an offsite emergency, local authority and
District Emergency Authority (normally the Collector) would be appraised and under his
supervision, the Off Site Disaster Management Plan would be exercised. For this
purpose, the facilities that are available locally, i.e. medical, transport, personnel, rescue
accommodation, voluntary organizations etc. would be mustered. Necessary rehearsals
and training in the form of mock drills would be organized.

d) Mutual Aid
Mutual aid in the form of technical personnel, runners, helpers, special protective
equipment, transport vehicles, communication facility etc. would be sought from the
neighbouring industries.

e) Mock Drills
Emergency preparedness is an important part of planning in Industrial Disaster
Management. Personnel would be trained suitably and prepared mentally and physically
in emergency response through carefully planned, simulated procedures. Similarly, the
key personnel and essential personnel would be trained in the operations.

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Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat
f) Important Information
Once the Plant goes on stream, important information such names and addresses of key
personnel, essential employees, medical personnel outside the plant, transporters
address, address of those connected with Off Site Emergency such as Police, Local
Authorities, Fire Services, District Emergency Authority would be prepared and
maintained. The on-site emergency organization chart for various emergencies is shown
in below figure.
Figure- 7.2 On-Site Emergency Organization Chart

7.2.10 Off-Site Emergency Preparedness Plan

The task of preparing the Off-Site Emergency Plan lies with the District Collector;
however, the off-site plan will be prepared with the help of the local district authorities.
The proposed plan will be based on the following guidelines.

a) Introduction
Off-site emergency plan would follow the on-site emergency plan. When the
consequences of an emergency situation go beyond the plant boundaries, it becomes an
off-site emergency. Off- site emergency is essentially the responsibility of the public
administration. However, the plant management will provide the public administration

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Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
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Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat
with the technical information relating to the nature, quantum and probable
consequences on the neighbouring population.

The off-site plan in detail will be based on those events, which are most likely to occur,
but other less likely events, which have severe consequence, will also be considered.
Incidents which have very severe consequences yet have a small probability of
occurrence would also be considered during the preparation of the plan. However, the
key feature of a good off-site emergency plan is flexibility in its application to
emergencies other than those specifically included in the formation of the plan.

The roles of the various parties who will be involved in the implementation of an off-site
plan are described below. Depending on local arrangements, the responsibility for the
off-site plan would either rest with the plant management or with the local authority.
Either way, the plan would identify an emergency co-ordinating officer, who would take
the overall command of the off-site activities. As with the on-site plan, an emergency
control center would be setup within which the emergency co-ordination officer can
operate.

An early decision will be required in many cases on the advice to be given to people
living "within range" of the accident - in particular whether they should be evacuated or
told to go indoors. In the latter case, the decision can regularly be reviewed in the event
of an escalation of the incident.

Consideration of evacuation may include the following factors:

In the case of a major fire but without explosion risk (e.g. an oil storage tank), only
houses close to the fire are likely to need evacuation, although a severe smoke hazard
may require this to be reviewed periodically; and

If a fire is escalating and in turn threatening a store of hazardous material, it might be

necessary to evacuate people nearby, but only if there is time; if insufficient time exists,
people should be advised to stay indoors and shield them from the fire. This latter case
particularly applies if the installation at risk could produce a fireball with very severe
thermal radiation effects.

Although the plan will have sufficient flexibility built in to cover the consequences of the
range of accidents identified for the on-site plan, it will cover in some detail the handling
of the emergency to a particular distance from each major hazard works.

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Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
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Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat
b) Aspects Proposed to be considered in the Off-Site Emergency Plan
The main aspects, which should be included in the emergency plan, are:

 Organization
Detail of command structure, warning systems, implementation procedures,
emergency control centres. Names and appointments of incident controller, site main
controller, their deputies and other key personnel.
 Communications
Identification of personnel involved, communication centre, call signs, network, list of
telephone numbers.
 Specialized Knowledge
Details of specialist bodies, firms and people upon whom it may be necessary to call
e.g. those with specialized fuel knowledge, laboratories.
 Voluntary Organizations
Details of organizers, telephone numbers, resources etc.
 Fuel Information
Details of the hazardous substances stored and a summary of the risk associated with
them.
 Meteorological Information
Arrangements for obtaining details of weather forecasts and weather conditions
prevailing at that time.
 Humanitarian Arrangements
Transport, evacuation centres, emergency feeding, treatment of injured, first aid,
ambulances and temporary mortuaries.
 Public Information
Arrangements for (a) Dealing with the media press office; (b) Informing relatives, etc.

Assessment of Emergency Plan

Arrangements for:
(a) Collecting information on the causes of the emergency;
(b) Reviewing the efficiency and effectiveness of all aspects of the emergency plan.

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Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat
c) Role of the Emergency Coordinating Officer
The various emergency services would be coordinated by an emergency Coordinating
officer (ECO), who will be designated by the district collector. The ECO would liaison
closely with the site main controller. Again depending on local arrangements, for very
severe incidents with major or prolonged off-site consequences, the external control
would be passed to a senior local authority administrator or even an administrator
appointed by the central or state government. The ECO will be equipped with address
and phone numbers of important agencies.

d) Role of the Local Authority

The duty to prepare the off-site plan lies with the local authorities. The emergency
planning officer (EPO) appointed should carry out his duty in preparing for a whole range
of different emergencies within the local authority area. The EPO should liaison with the
plant, to obtain the information to provide the basis for the plan. This liaison should
ensure that the plan is continually kept up to date.

It will be the responsibility of the EPO to ensure that all those organizations which will be
involved off site in handling the emergency, know of their role and are able to accept it by
having for example, sufficient staff and appropriate equipment to cover their particular
responsibilities. Rehearsals for off-site plans should be organized by the EPO.

e) Role of Police
Formal duties of the police during an emergency include protecting life and property and
controlling traffic movements.

Their functions should include controlling bystanders, evacuating the public, identifying
the dead and dealing with casualties, and informing relatives of death or injury.

f) Role of Fire Authorities

The control of a fire should be normally the responsibility of the senior fire brigade officer
who would take over the handling of the fire from the site incident controller on arrival at
the site. The senior fire brigade officer should also have a similar responsibility for other
events, such as explosions. Fire authorities in the region should be apprised about the
location of all stores of flammable materials, water and foam supply points, and fire-
fighting equipment. They should be involved in on-site emergency rehearsals both as
participants and, on occasion, as observers of exercises involving only site personnel.

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Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
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Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat
g) Role of Health Authorities
Health authorities, including doctors, surgeons, hospitals, ambulances, and so on,
should have a vital part to play following a major accident, and they should form an
integral part of the emergency plan.

For major fires, injuries should be the result of the effects of thermal radiation to a
varying degree, and the knowledge and experience to handle this in all but extreme
cases may be generally available in most hospitals.

Major off-site incidents are likely to require medical equipment and facilities additional to
those available locally, and a medical "mutual aid” scheme should exist to enable the
assistance of neighbouring authorities to be obtained in the event of an emergency.

h) Role of Government Safety Authority

This will be the factory inspectorate available in the region. Inspectors are likely to satisfy
themselves that the organization responsible for producing the off-site plan has made
adequate arrangements for handling emergencies of all types including major
emergencies. They may wish to see well-documented procedures and evidence of
exercise undertaken to test the plan. In the event of an accident, local arrangements
regarding the role of the factory inspector will apply. These may vary from keeping a
watching brief to a close involvement in advising on operations.

i) Personal Protective Equipment

1. Clothing
Chemical-resistant clothing and protective gloves with material suitable for handling
various hazardous chemicals.

2. Eye Protection
Employees will use splash-proof goggles while dealing with hazardous chemicals. An
eye- wash fountain or eyes wash kit for in case of emergency.

3. First Aid:
Prompt action will be taken in case of any kind of spillage or leakage. In case of any kind
of chemical spill or leak, following actions will be taken:
Breathing
Person will be moved to the fresh air at once (in case of inhalation). If breathing stops,
artificial respiration will be performed. Affected person will be kept warm and resting and
medical attention will be provided immediately.

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Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
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Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat
Eye Exposure
Eyes will be washed immediately with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes,
lifting the upper and lower lids. Medical attention will be provided immediately. Workers
shall not be allowed wearing Contact lenses while working in the premises near the area
of risk of hazardous spill or leak.

Skin Exposure
Skin contaminated with acid or any kind of chemical will be flushed with soap and water
for at least 15 minutes (or as recommended in the MSDS of the chemical). If strong
concentrations of gas or solution penetrate clothing, then cloths will be removed and skin
will be flushed with water. Medical attention will be provided immediately.

Swallowing
In case of swallowing, if the person is conscious, large amounts of water or milk will be
given. Medical attention will be provided immediately. Material safety data sheet (MSDS)
will be referred or a physician will be called.
Spill Management
If any solvents spill or leak occurs, following actions will be taken:
 Fire officer or the local fire department will be intimated. Untrained persons or those
without proper personal protective equipment will not allowed enter in affected areas.
Evacuation and restriction of people from the hazardous area of release of chemical.
 Stop or control the source of exposure.
 Ventilation of contaminated atmospheres by opening windows to disperse the fumes.
 If the exposure is from the spill of a solution, collection of the spilled material. Dilution
and neutralize of the spill if possible and disposal in a secured landfill.

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Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
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V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

7.2.12. Contact numbers of district administration in case of emergency

Sr.
Authority/Agency Contact No.
No
1. District Collector & District Magistrate Office of 02692261575,
the Collector, Anand 02692 262 271
2. 9725018102, 9825365502,
Anand Fire Station
02692-2431101
3. Common Fire Service Contact, Hot Dial 101
4. Vitthal Udyog Nagar Police Stations/control
9879549942, 02692 241 233
room
5. 0269-23251907
Mamlatdar, Disaster Management dept., Anand
7567001153
6. National Disaster Management Authority
1077
24 x 7 Disaster Helpline No.
7. GPCB–Anand 02692-2223660, 9825524249
8. Community health Center, Anand 7567870001
9. Shri Krishna Hospital 02692 228 411
10. Ambulance & Emergency, Hot Dial 108, 9978912456
11. Blood Bank
1. Indu Blood Bank, Anand Ranjanben Patel 992493652, 02692-259596
2. Indian Red Cross, Anand 9428437123, 02692-243406
3. Rotri club Anand, 9825274796, 02692-269124

7.3 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY

For large industries, where multifarious activities are involved during construction,
erection, testing, commissioning, operation and maintenance, the men, materials and
machines are the basic inputs. Along with the boons, industrialization generally brings
several problems like occupational health and safety.

The industrial planner, therefore, has to properly plan and take steps to minimize the
impacts of industrialization and to ensure appropriate occupational health and safety
including fire plans. All these activities again may be classified under construction and
erection, and operation and maintenance.

Occupational Health
Occupational health needs attention both during construction, erection, operation and
maintenance phases. However, the problem varies both in magnitude and variety in the
above phases.

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Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat
Construction and Erection
The occupational health problems envisaged at this stage can mainly be due to
constructional accident and noise. To overcome these hazards, in addition to
arrangements to reduce it within TLV's, necessary protective equipments shall also be
supplied to workers.

Operation and Maintenance

The problem of occupational health, in the operation and maintenance phase is primarily
due to noise which could affect hearing. The necessary personal protective equipments
will be given to all the workers. The working personnel shall be given the following
appropriate personnel protective equipment’s.

1. Industrial Safety Helmet;

2. Face shield with replacement acrylic vision;
3. Zero power plain goggles with cut type filters on both ends;
4. Zero power goggles with cut type filters on both sides and blue colour glasses;
5. Cylindrical type earplug;
6. Ear muffs;
7. Self-contained breathing apparatus;
8. Leather apron;
9. Leather hand gloves;
10. Acid/Alkali proof rubberized hand gloves;
11. Canvas cum leather hand gloves with leather palm;
12. Electrically tested electrical resistance hand gloves; and
13. Industrial safety shoes.

Full-fledged hospital facilities will be available round the clock for attending emergency
arising out of accidents, if any. All working personnel will be medically examined at least
once in every year and at the end of his term of employment. Pre and Post-Employment
Medical check-up is being already carried out and the same shall be followed after the
said expansion. This is in addition to the pre-employment medical examination.

7.3.1 Safety Plan

Safety of both men and materials during construction and operation phases is of
concern. Safety plan shall be prepared and implemented in the proposed plant. The
preparedness of an industry for the occurrence of possible disasters is known as
emergency plan. The disaster in the plant is possible due to collapse of structures and
fire/explosion etc.

Keeping in view the safety requirement during construction, operation and maintenance
phases, and the plant has formulated safety policy with the following regulations:
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V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat
1. To allocate sufficient resources to maintain safe and healthy conditions of work;
2. To take steps to ensure that all known safety factors are taken into account in the
design, construction, operation and maintenance of plants, machinery and
equipment;
3. To ensure that adequate safety instructions are given to all employees;
4. To provide wherever necessary protective equipment, safety appliances and clothing
and to ensure their proper use;
5. To inform employees about materials, equipment or processes used in their work
which are known to be potentially hazardous to health or safety;
6. To keep all operations and methods of work under regular review for making
necessary changes from the point of view of safety in the light of experience and up
to date knowledge;
7. To provide appropriate facilities for first aid and prompt treatment of injuries and
illness at work;
8. To provide appropriate instruction, training, retraining and supervision to employees
in health and safety, first aid and to ensure that adequate publicity is given to these
matters;
9. To ensure proper implementation of fire prevention methods and an appropriate fire-
fighting service together with training facilities for personnel involved in this service;
10. To organize collection, analysis and presentation of data on accident, sickness and
incident involving people injury or injury to health with a view to taking corrective,
remedial and preventive action;
11. To promote through the established machinery, joint consultation in health and
safety matters to ensure effective participation by all employees;
12. To publish/notify regulations, instructions and notices in the common language of
employees;
13. To prepare separate safety rules for each type of occupation/processes involved in a
plant; and
14. To ensure regular safety inspection by a competent person at suitable intervals of all
buildings, equipments, work places and operations.

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 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat
7.3.2 General Safety Measures

1. Proper ventilation system will be provided at storage and processing areas of

chemicals so that to maintain PEL valves of chemicals and solvents.
2. Good housekeeping, disposal methods will be followed to control the fugitive
emissions of chemicals.
3. In order to prevent the work men from facing the muscular-skeletal disorders,
backache, pain in minor and major joints etc, and manual carrying of heavy materials
will be avoided. All liquid raw materials/solvents will be transferred through closed
piping system either by pumping or by gravity, to reduce the carrying load on work
men against gravity. Safe carrying weights (up to 15 kgs) only allowed to be carried by
work men. Stair cases with suitable gradient will be constructed in the work sheds.
Material handling trolleys will be provided to carry/handle the solid materials from one
place to other.
4. Employees will be educated, trained and, informed about the chemicals and their
properties by displaying the material safety data sheets (MSDS) in the processing
areas.
5. Awareness about potential hazards, work hazards, fire hazards, and health hazards
associated with the chemicals which are being used by the industry will be developed
among the employees.

Apart from the above, the following general safety precautions will be implemented in the
plant.

1. Shielding guards will be provided to all belt pulleys, couplings and all moving parts of
the machinery.
2. All electrical cables and electrical equipment will be properly grounded and earthed.
3. Poster display regarding safety, health and environmental protection will be arranged
in the plant to make awareness of safety and health.
4. All responsible employees will be educated and trained to handle the firefighting
equipment.
5. NO SMOKING policy will be strictly implemented in the entire plant area.
6. Emergency exits will be provided at the selected places.
7. No employee will be allowed to expose to a noise level greater than 85 dB (A) for a
period of more than 8 hours per day without hearing protection.
8. Periodical health check-up of employees will be held as a part of occupational health
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Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat
surveillance.
9. One shower type eye wash will be provided in the plant area.
10. Fire extinguisher will be provided where ever is needed.
11. All flammable chemicals and solvents will be kept away from ignition sources and
heat.
12. Storage of chemicals will be as per their compatibility.
13. Proper exhaust ventilation will be provided to the process area to maintain the
airborne concentrations and solvents below their TLV values.

7.3.3 Safety Organization

Construction and Erection Phase
A qualified and experienced safety officer shall be appointed. The responsibilities of the
safety officer include identification of the hazardous conditions and unsafe acts of
workers and advice on corrective actions, conduct safety audit, organize training
programs and provide professional expert advice on various issues related to
occupational safety and health. He is also responsible to ensure compliance of Safety
Rules/ Statutory Provisions.

Operation and Maintenance Phase

When the construction is completed the posting of safety officers shall be in accordance
with the requirement of Factories Act and their duties and responsibilities shall be as
defined there off.

7.3.4 Safety Circle

In order to fully develop the capabilities of the employees in identification of hazardous
processes and improving safety and health, safety circles would be constituted in each
area of work. The circle would consist of 5-6 employees from that area. The circle
normally shall meet for about an hour every week.

7.3.5 Health and Safety Monitoring Plan

The health of all employees shall be monitored once in a year for early detection of any
ailment due to exposure to heat, fumes and noise. Pre and Post-Employment Medical
Check-up for all the employees will be carried out regularly.

Chapter-7: Additional Studies 7.32

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

7.4 Social Impact Assessment

a) Impact
1. Impact on population composition
The population composition of a place changes due to various factors viz, topography,
availability of water, agricultural practices, economic development, transport facilities
and migration of people. Migration of people brings changes in population size, sex
ratio, adult- child ratio and size & composition of labour force. The industry is a
proposed new project in which local people will be employed directly and it will also help
in generating various indirect jobs helping in creating an employment cycle.

As most of the people will be employed locally, therefore, there will be less influx of
people from outside in the study area. As the local people will be employed there will be
minimal impact on the population of the study area. However, a significant increase in
population can be expected through indirect jobs as and when the proposed new project
will expand.

2. Impact on employment generation

Existing unit has employed 6 workers & 4 workers would be employed for the proposed
project. Thus total 10 workers would be employed for the expansion of the proposed
unit.
Employment will be given to local people to the extent possible. However, the local
people cannot be employed in the proposed project as it is synthetic organic industry
and requires an expertise and highly skilled jobs and qualification of the people in the
study area do not match the requirement. However, recruitment of local people
wherever suitable will be done and at least 80% reservation for recruitment of local
people has been planned by proponent.

The proposed new will generate various indirect employments which will help people
locally, regionally mainly and later nationally. They will be involved in various job
activities such as packing, warehousing, transportation, advertisement, direct selling,
bulk selling etc. This will involve many people to generate income.

3. Impact on Local, Regional and National Environment

The major impact will be locally especially in the study area. The proponent will focus on
the manufacturing of various synthetic organic chemicals. With the coming up of
industry it will lead to a quick and long term impact locally and regionally especially.
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With the increasing rate of employment in the region the development in terms of
standard of living, education etc. will increase. Later, when the industry will increase it
will contribute to the national level though marginally.

b) Mitigation / management measures Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a concept whereby organizations take
responsibility for their impact on society and environment. It is also known as Corporate
Responsibility, Corporate Citizenship, Responsible Business and Sustainable
Responsible Business (SRB). As is the case in many countries, the private sector is
generally more active in this area than the governmental/public sector.

The Government of India has finalized plans to ensure that Public Sector companies
actively participate in CSR initiatives. It was expected that 2-5 per cent of the company's
net profits would be funded in such projects.

The project proponent has planned various Corporate Social activities in the study area
for the proposed project. The unit will provide funds to install solar panels or Solar street
light as per reuiremnt at nearby village.
7.5 Details of occupational health program.

Workers will be exposed to the raw materials/chemicals directly or indirectly.

Details of occupational health surveillance program.

Occupational Health Program is being developed. The Company is committed to
promoting the health, safety and well-being of its workers, employees, visitors and
contractors.

The Industry will strive to develop and implement best practices in occupational and
environmental hygiene principles.

The Industry has developed and implemented a comprehensive Occupational Hygiene

Program (OHP) devoted to the recognition, evaluation and control of those
environmental factors, arising in or from the work place that may cause illness, injury, or
discomfort. To help reduce the risk of hazardous exposures, ensure regulatory
compliance, and improve working conditions, appropriate occupational hygiene practices
will be applied to the Industrial operations. The Occupational Hygiene Program clearly
defines and stipulates the responsibilities of all workplace parties involved in its
development, administration and implementation of the program.
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The Occupational Hygiene Program includes the following elements:

1. Organizational Commitment;
2. Occupational Hygiene Process;
3. Roles and Responsibilities;
4. Training and Education;
5. Annual Program Review;
6. Definitions; and,
7. References.

Purpose and Scope

The Occupational Hygiene Program provides information to departments, supervisors
and workers to allow for informed decision-making regarding exposure to hazardous
agents in the workplace.

This program outlines how worker exposures hazards will be addressed in the workplace
including the interpretation of technical data, conducting research, and assist in the
development of guidelines and procedures that support workplace health and wellness.
A hazard may be chemical, biological or physical in nature:
1. Chemical hazard - is any chemical capable of causing bodily injury or illness;
2. Biological hazard - is any biological organism that is infectious or pathological to
humans; and
3. Physical hazard - arises from the interaction of matter and energy related to the
science of physics such as sounds, light, vibration, and radiation that could result in
an occupational injury or illness.

Supporting Programs & Standards

There are a number of occupational hygiene related hazards that have regulatory
requirements. For these hazards, additional programs or standards have been
developed and will work in conjunction with this program. These programs or standards
include, but are not limited to the:
1. Respiratory Protection Program;
2. Hearing Conservation Program;
3. Laboratory Safety Program;
4. Indoor Environmental Quality Program;
5. Lock Out - Control of Hazardous Energy;
6. Personal Protective Equipment Program;

Occupational Hygiene Process

To ensure occupational hygiene issues are addressed in a consistent manner, concerns
will be handled according to the process outlined in Figure 1 (Progression of
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Occupational Hygiene Issues Flowchart). An explanation of this process is found in the
following sub-sections.

Hazard Assessment
Formal Hazard Assessment & Control Process
The document specifies the responsibilities, procedures, and requirements for
proactively completing job hazard assessments. The occupational hygiene process is
engaged when a chemical, biological, or physical hazard is identified on this hazard
assessment.

Reporting a Hazard
Basic steps -
1. Hazard Identification
2. Hazard Recognition
3. Hazard Evaluation
4. Hazard Control

Level of Risk
A competent person must conduct the hazard assessment and include a qualitative
evaluation of the risk associated with the identified occupational hygiene hazard.
Hazards that pose an acceptable level of risk will not be addressed further. The criterion
for determining if the risk level is acceptable is based on the potential health effects that
would result from the quantities being used and the duration of exposure. If the
substance/agent poses an unacceptable risk, or the risk level is unknown, further action
is required.

Can Hazard be controlled?

If the hazard can be readily minimized or eliminated through the implementation of a
control, the control should be implemented according to the hierarchy of controls in
accordance. If controls are implemented, their effectiveness needs to be verified or
monitored to complete the process.

Exposure Assessment
Sampling Strategy
The information collected during the walkthrough survey will be used to determine what
action is required to quantitatively determine worker exposure. A quantitative evaluation
of exposure will require some degree of monitoring. The exact type of monitoring
conducted will be determined by evaluating the:
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1. Duration of worker exposure;
2. Number of exposed workers;
3. Sampling methods available and their limits of detection;
4. Degree of accuracy required in the results;
5. Number of samples required to achieve representative results;
6. Cost; and,
7. Regulatory requirements.

Using these factors, Environment, Health and Safety will develop a sampling strategy
outlining how, where, and the number of samples that will be collected. Environment,
Health and Safety will work collaboratively with the supervisor to determine the best
method for conducting the sampling. Where appropriate resources and equipment are
available, internal resources may be used to conduct the sampling. External
occupational hygiene contractors and resources may be required as determined on a
case-by-case basis.
Sampling Methodology
Before sampling is conducted, the supervisor is required to notify their workers of the
pending monitoring. If personal sampling is required, the workers must also be made
aware that they will be required to wear sampling equipment. The workers are required
to cooperate with monitoring and not intentionally contaminate collected samples.

Sampling methods shall be conducted in accordance with the National Institute for
Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Manual of Analytical Methods or any other
relevant standards. For sampling techniques that require the use of an external
laboratory for analysis, only accredited laboratories may be used.

Sampling Results and Assessment

Where Environment, Health and Safety have conducted monitoring, the consultant will
evaluate the sample results. Where the monitoring was conducted by another internal
resource, Environment, Health and Safety will assist that resource in evaluating the
results. When a third party is used to conduct the monitoring, the external occupational
hygiene contractor will evaluate the sampling results. Environment, Health and Safety
may perform a technical review and provide supplemental interpretation of reports
prepared by outside contractors where warranted.

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Sampling results will be made available to the supervisor within 30 days of receiving the
final laboratory analysis results. The results will be made immediately available if there is
an excursion of an Occupational Exposure Limit (OEL).

Written Documentation
The final sampling results may be made available in report or memo format depending
on the extent of sampling conducted. Where Environment, Health and Safety conducted
the sampling, the consultant will interpret the analysis results and provide the written
report or memo.

Determination of Exposure Level

Determining whether results from monitoring indicate an acceptable exposure level will
be based on the Occupational Exposure Limits (OELs).
Where occupational exposure limits do not exist, other recognized standards and
professional judgment will be used to determine at which point hazard controls are
required.

Where the exposure results are below the action level, the exposure level will be
deemed acceptable. However, recommendations for controls may still be made to
address workers’ comfort or due diligence issues.

Where the exposure results are above the action level, the implementation of, or
modification to, hazard controls must be made. Where an OEL has been exceeded, the
affected worker is to be informed of the nature and extent of the excess exposure and
immediately protected from further excess exposures.

Where the exposure results cannot be clearly interpreted, further exposure assessment
will be required.

Implementation of Controls
When recommending controls for identified and assessed hazards, the hierarchy of
controls will be used; preference will first be given to Engineering controls, then
Administrative controls, and lastly Personal Protective Equipment. Each supervisor is
responsible for notifying the Occupational Hygiene Consultant, in writing, when the
recommended controls have been implemented. The hazard assessment form must also
be updated to reflect any changes in control measures.

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Additional Exposure Assessments
To evaluate the effectiveness of a control, additional exposure assessments of the
substance/agent may be required. If additional assessments are required, Environment,
Health and Safety will develop a monitoring strategy and schedule.
Additional exposure assessment may also be required after new processes, equipment,
or products are introduced.
Where additional exposure assessment is not required, no further action is necessary.

Monitoring Schedules
Monitoring schedules must be developed for substances/agents that cannot be
eliminated and require additional exposure assessments. A monitoring schedule will
specify the substance/agent(s) to be monitored, the frequency of monitoring, and how
the monitoring is to be conducted. This schedule may specify continuous monitoring or
periodic follow-up monitoring as a means to evaluate the applicable operation. The
affected department/supervisor and Environment, Health and Safety will keep a copy of
the monitoring schedule. The schedule may be adjusted if changes are made to the
operation, resulting in a change in the hazard assessment.

Roles and Responsibilities

In order for the occupational hygiene process to work effectively, the roles and
responsibilities of each department (supervisor, worker, Occupational Hygiene
Consultant, etc.) must be clearly defined:

Directors and Department Heads

Ensure that the Occupational Hygiene Program and all its components are implemented,
administered and enforced;
Ensure resources are available for the implementation of this program and,

Ensure that all potentially exposed workers are provided with appropriate controls,
including personal protective equipment.

Supervisors (includes Faculty Members)

 Conduct hazard assessments;
 Implement controls in accordance with legislation requirements;
 Be knowledgeable in the appropriate government regulations, safety standards, and
prudent safety practices to protect workers;
 Notify Environment, Health & Safety (EH&S) of occupational hygiene issues;
 Follow any monitoring schedules that have been established;

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 Provide access to their areas for walkthrough surveys and monitoring, where
required;
 Inform Environment, Health and Safety when recommended hygiene controls have
been implemented.

Workers
 Attend required training sessions on workplace hazards;
 Participate in personnel monitoring, audiometric testing and respiratory fit testing,
where required;
 Wear personal protection equipment, where required (also applies to students,
visitors and guests);
 Ensure that personal protection equipment is in a sanitary condition and proper
working order by following proper maintenance procedures and inspections; and,
 Report workplace hazards and defective or damaged personal protective equipment
to the appropriate supervisor.

Environment, Health and Safety Dept.

 Conduct initial inquiry of hygiene issues;
 Collect spot samples;
 Conduct walkthrough surveys;
 Develop monitoring strategies and schedules;
 Arrange for and coordinate competent occupational hygiene contractors, where
required;
 Complete, review, or provide interpretation of reports where required;
 Conduct monitoring where feasible;
 Maintain a database of monitoring results;
 Perform statistical analysis of data;
 Work with supervisors through the exposure assessment process;
 Provide department/supervisors with monitoring schedules;
 Review quality assurance measures for sample collection;
 Monitor regulations, research data, etc. for emerging issues;
 Provide training on the use of monitoring equipment where necessary;
 Maintain occupational hygiene equipment belonging to EH&S; and,
 Maintain an exposure assessment plan.

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Education and Training
Education and training, although similar, are different:

1. Education refers to the theoretical instruction of workers in general information such

as the different types of hazards and how to control those hazards
2. Training refers to the practical application of site-specific information such as safe
work instructions, standard operating procedures, and emergency response
protocols.
Both education and training are an important part of understanding and controlling the
hazards that may be present.
Preventative Maintenance and Inspection

Maintenance of a Hygiene Database

Environment, Health & Safety dept. will maintain a central database of sampling records.
The database will be used to address future exposure assessment issues, develop
monitoring schedules, and prioritize exposure monitoring. The database will include
location, date, conditions under which sampling was conducted, sampling method used,
and sampling results. The records will be retained in the database for a minimum of 10
years. It is the responsibility of each department/supervisor to forward sampling records
to Environment, Health & Safety for maintenance of the database.

Maintenance of Hygiene Equipment

Department Responsibility
Each department is responsible for maintaining and inspecting their own hygiene
equipment, such as gas monitors. Guidance on maintaining the equipment can be
obtained by referencing the manufacturer’s instructions or contacting Environment,
Health & Safety Dept. Environment, Health and Safety dept. will maintain and inspect
their own equipment.
Equipment Storage
Hygiene equipment will be stored in a manner that keeps it free from damage and
contamination. A competent worker may perform minor repairs and preventative
maintenance. The equipment’s manufacturer or an approved vendor will complete major
repairs and regular factory calibrations as needed.
Calibration & Documentation
Records of maintenance, repairs, and calibration must be kept on file for the life of the
instrument.

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Annual Program Review
The Occupational Hygiene Program will be reviewed annually by Environment, Health &
Safety:
• To ensure its contents continue to meet regulatory requirements;
• To evaluate the effectiveness of the process/program; and,
• To evaluate the roles and responsibilities of the program.
Environment, Health & Safety dept. must retain the current copy of the Occupational
Hygiene Program.

Definitions:
Administrative Control: Encompasses the use of management involvement, training,
job rotation, reduction of exposure time, preventive maintenance, and housekeeping in
an effort to control worker exposures. Examples include safety rules and enforced safe
work procedures, training, lock-out tag out processes to de-energize equipment prior to
working on it, immunizations, etc.
Biological Hazard: is any biological organism that is infectious or pathological to
humans.
Chemical Hazard: is any chemical capable of causing bodily injury or illness.
Engineering Control: Encompasses the use of process change, substitution, isolation,
ventilation and source modification in order to control worker exposures by reducing the
quantity of contaminants released into the workplace. Examples include chemical fume
hoods, biological safety cabinets, interlock systems, automated systems, etc.
Hazard: is a situation, condition, process, material or thing that may cause an injury or
illness to a worker.
Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs): are technical bulletins which provide detailed
hazard and precautionary information on a controlled product.
Occupational Exposure Limit (OEL): Refer to the definition of Threshold Limit Value
(TLV).
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Involves the use of devices designed to protect
individuals from hazards in the workplace. Examples include gloves, goggles or safety
glasses, hearing protection, steel-toed shoes, lab coats, etc.
Physical Hazard: Arises from the interaction of matter and energy related to the science
of physics such as sounds, light, vibration, and radiation that could result in an
occupational injury or illness.
Route of Exposure: The way in which a substance/agent enters the body. The four
primary routes of exposure/entry are inhalation, absorption (through skin and eyes),
ingestion and injection.
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Supervisor: An individual that directs or oversees a person, group, department,
organization, or operation.
Threshold Limit Value (TLV): A term used by ACGIH to express the airborne
concentration of a material to which nearly all persons can be exposed day after day,
without adverse effects. A maximum limit of exposure to an air contaminant.
Three types of limits in common use are:
 Exposure Limit - TWA - The Time-Weighted Average concentration for a normal
8-hour work day or 40-hour work week to which nearly all workers can be
repeatedly exposed without adverse effect.
 Exposure Limit - STEL - The Short-Term Exposure Limit, i.e. the maximum
concentration to which workers can be periodically exposed for a period up to 15
minutes without suffering from irritation, chronic or irreversible tissue change, or
narcosis of sufficient degree to increase accident proneness, or impair ability for
self-rescue.
 Exposure Limit - C - The Ceiling concentration of an airborne substance that must
not be exceeded at any time. This limit is applied to substances that are
predominantly irritant or fast-acting and for which the TWA is inappropriate.
Walkthrough Survey: A technical review of the operations, workers, and materials in a
workplace used to more clearly identify potential health hazards and help guide a
qualitative assessment of their severity.
Worker: Any person engaged in work at the industry, including workers, contracted
workers.

7.6 FIRE CONTROL PLAN

Unit has considered fire prevention measures at the project planning stage for its
upcoming new facility to avoid any outbreak of fire. By looking to the hazardous nature of
process and the chemicals that will be handled and processed, the chances of outbreak
of fire will be very less which cannot be totally ignored. The company has planned to
keep the following types of fire extinguishers at various conspicuous locations.
Table 7.2: Details of Fire Extinguishers

Type & Capacity Quantity

ABC (5 Kg) 10 Nos.
CO2 (5 Kg) 10 nos.
Foam based (5 Kg) 10 Nos.
Sand (Fire)Buckets 15 Nos.

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Other Firefighting measures to be adopted, if required, shall be:
 Fire alarms will be provided as per requirements.
 Working staff will be trained to operate fire extinguishers.
 Fire mock drills will be organized periodically.
 If required, help will be taken from nearest fire station which is Anand Fire station @
5.30 km distance.
7.7 DO’S & DON’TS
Unit has proposed some of the Do’s & Don’ts activities to strengthen the Safety at Work,
which will be followed strictly:
For Preventive Maintenance:
Do’s:
 Inspection of all Fire Fighting Facilities/Check Alarms operation.
 Make sure fire extinguishers are fully charged and ready for action.
 On-site and Offsite Emergency Plans shall be reviewed and updated, as per there
requirement.
 Ensuring that operators/workers etc. follows the SOPs, Safety procedures &
standards, work permit system etc.
 Inspections of plant, machinery, tools, equipment, premises, work practices,
processes, procedures and general environment must be carried out for the health
and safety of plant, people and surrounding.
Don’ts:
 Don’t allow anyone who hasn't received specific safety and operational training to get
indulge in any site activity.
 Don’t compromise on Design and Engineering part.
 Don’t perform any activity without proper permit.
 Don’t panic if you are in a risky situation.
 Don’t allow spilled chemicals to drain to sewers/gutters etc.
Strengthening of HSE (Applicable for Manufacturing Utility Staff)
Do’s:
 Follow the instruction of sign boards/warnings.
 Wash affected part immediately with plenty of water.
 In case of vapour inhalation, immediately render first aid to the patient and then move
the patient to First Aid Centre.
 In case of emergency everyone should try to reach at Assembly point.

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 Use PPEs like ear plug/muff in high noise area.
 Work permit system to be followed before starting any work, vessel entry or working
at height.
 Barricade and mark hazardous/unsafe area.
 Ensure use of safety belt while working at height.
 Electrical cables should be protected from water and from attack by corrosive
substances.
 Maintain good housing keeping, it will eliminate many unnecessary hazards.
 All passage ways and stairways should be maintained, clean and unobstructed.
 Employees must know the locations of fire extinguisher and fire exists.
 During emergency be calm and do not get panicky.

Don’ts:
 Do not smoke in restricted areas.
 Unauthorized entry into battery limits of every plant is prohibited.
 Moving in the plant area without wearing safety helmet and safety shoes is not
permitted.
 Do not follow shortcuts, use proper roads, pathways, wherever provided.
 Do not make vague statements, do not overrule supervisor, do not adopt shortcuts.
 No automobile vehicle should be allowed to enter in the plant area without muffler or
exhaust.

7.8 Plan and fund allocation to ensure the occupational health & safety of all contract
and casual workers
Company has prepared Safety Plan and implemented for the project activity. Also,
management has allotted enough funds to ensure the occupational health & safety of all
contract & causal workers and also allotted a special budget for employee’s appreciation
for proactive and rescue operations. The same shall be followed for the expansion
facilities also.
Details of the same are as follows:
 To allocate sufficient resources (like PPEs) to maintain safe and healthy conditions of
work;
 To take steps to ensure that all known safety factors are taken into account in the
design, construction, operation and maintenance of plants, machinery and
equipment;

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 To keep all operations and methods of work under regular review for making
necessary changes from the point of view of safety in the light of experience and up
to date knowledge;
 To provide appropriate facilities for first aid and prompt treatment of injuries and
illness at work;
 To provide appropriate instruction, training, retraining and supervision to employees
in health and safety, first aid and to ensure that adequate publicity is given to these
matters;
 To ensure proper implementation of fire prevention methods and an appropriate
firefighting service together with training facilities for personnel involved in this
service;
 To organize collection, analysis and presentation of data on accident, sickness and
incident involving people injury or injury to health with a view to take corrective,
remedial and preventive action;
 To organize safety programs, celebrating safety week, safety competitions during
safety week, etc.
 To promote through the established machinery, joint consultation in health and safety
matters to ensure effective participation by all employees;
 To publish/notify regulations, instructions and notices in the common language of
employees.
 To prepare separate safety rules for each type of occupation/processes involved in a
plant;

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7.9 Scenarios Identified for Consequence Analysis

Flammable (Distance in meter) Toxic Dispersion
Flash fire
Fire Ball
Type of Impact (Flammable Area
(BLEVE)
Pool Fire of Vapour Cloud)
(meter)
(meter) (meter)
Name of Worst Case Scenario
Chemical ERPG (3)/
Radiation ERPG(2) ERPG(1)
37.5 25 4.5 37.5 25 4.5 UEL LEL IDLH
Intensity (kW/m2)
Fatalities
100 50
Wind Stability 100% 50% - -
% %
Speed Class
60 97 78
LOC was
meters meters meters -- 194 2.0
never 194 meters --- 630 meters -
(3.5 --- (1.0 - (6600 meters --- kilometers --
exceeded (1100 ppm = -- (130 ppm
Styrene 1.5 F -- -- -- psi = psi = ppm = (1100 ppm - (20 ppm =
(8.0 psi = AEGL-3 [60 = AEGL-2
serious shatter 60% LEL = 10% AEGL-1 [60
destruction
injury min]) [60 min])
s = Flame LEL) min])
of building)
likely) glass) Pockets)
79 meters --
Propylene 47 meters --- 218 meters -
5 D -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Glycol (2500 ppm) - (900 ppm) -- (130 ppm)
LOC was
never 17 meters -- 96 meters ---
62 79 202
Xylene 1.5 F -- -- -- -- -- exceeded --- - (920 ppm = (130 ppm =
meters meters meters
(2500 ppm = PAC-2) PAC-1)
PAC-3)
48 meters --- 107 meters - 241 meters -
Phenol (92%) 1.5 F -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- (250 ppm = -- (50 ppm = -- (10 ppm =
IDLH) ERPG-2) ERPG-1)
205 meters -
143 meters --- 699 meters -
Formaldehyde -- (10 ppm =
1.5 F -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- (20 ppm = -- (1 ppm =
(37%)
IDLH) ERPG-2) ERPG-1)

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STYRENE- Toxic Dispersion

SITE DATA:
Location: ANAND, INDIA

CHEMICAL DATA:
Chemical Name: STYRENE MONOMER
CAS Number: 100-42-5 Molecular Weight: 104.15 g/mol
AEGL-1 (60 min): 20 ppm AEGL-2 (60 min): 130 ppm AEGL-3 (60 min): 1100 ppm
IDLH: 700 ppm LEL: 11000 ppm UEL: 61000 ppm
Ambient Boiling Point: 145.2° C
Vapor Pressure at Ambient Temperature: 0.0067 atm
Ambient Saturation Concentration: 6,711 ppm or 0.67%

ATMOSPHERIC DATA: (MANUAL INPUT OF DATA)

Wind: 1.5 meters/second from NW at 3 meters
Ground Roughness: open country Cloud Cover: 5 tenths
Air Temperature: 22° C
Stability Class: F (user override)
No Inversion Height Relative Humidity: 38%

SOURCE STRENGTH:
Direct Source: 10.4 tons/sec Source Height: 0
Release Duration: 60 minutes
Release Rate: 157 kilograms/min
Total Amount Released: 9,435 kilograms

THREAT ZONE:
Model Run: Heavy Gas
Red : 194 meters --- (1100 ppm = AEGL-3 [60 min])
Orange: 630 meters --- (130 ppm = AEGL-2 [60 min])
Yellow: 2.0 kilometers --- (20 ppm = AEGL-1 [60 min])

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Figure: 7.3 TOXIC AREA FOR EACH THREAT ZONE (STYRENE)

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V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

STYRENE- Pool Fire

SITE DATA:
Location: ANAND, INDIA

CHEMICAL DATA:
Chemical Name: STYRENE MONOMER
CAS Number: 100-42-5 Molecular Weight: 104.15 g/mol
AEGL-1 (60 min): 20 ppm AEGL-2 (60 min): 130 ppm AEGL-3 (60 min): 1100 ppm
IDLH: 700 ppm LEL: 11000 ppm UEL: 61000 ppm
Ambient Boiling Point: 145.2° C
Vapor Pressure at Ambient Temperature: 0.0067 atm
Ambient Saturation Concentration: 6,711 ppm or 0.67%

ATMOSPHERIC DATA: (MANUAL INPUT OF DATA)

Wind: 1.5 meters/second from NW at 3 meters
Ground Roughness: open country Cloud Cover: 5 tenths
Air Temperature: 22° C
Stability Class: F (user override)
No Inversion Height Relative Humidity: 38%

SOURCE STRENGTH:
Direct Source: 10.4 tons/hr Source Height: 0
Release Duration: 60 minutes
Release Rate: 157 kilograms/min
Total Amount Released: 9,435 kilograms

THREAT ZONE:
Threat Modeled: Flammable Area of Vapor Cloud
Model Run: Heavy Gas
Red : 78 meters --- (6600 ppm = 60% LEL = Flame Pockets)
Yellow: 194 meters --- (1100 ppm = 10% LEL)

Chapter-7: Additional Studies 7.50

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Figure 7.4 Thermal radiation from pool fire for Styrene

Chapter-7: Additional Studies 7.51

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Styrene- BLEVE

SITE DATA:
Location: ANAND, INDIA

CHEMICAL DATA:
Chemical Name: STYRENE MONOMER
CAS Number: 100-42-5 Molecular Weight: 104.15 g/mol
AEGL-1 (60 min): 20 ppm AEGL-2 (60 min): 130 ppm AEGL-3 (60 min): 1100 ppm
IDLH: 700 ppm LEL: 11000 ppm UEL: 61000 ppm
Ambient Boiling Point: 145.2° C
Vapor Pressure at Ambient Temperature: 0.0067 atm
Ambient Saturation Concentration: 6,711 ppm or 0.67%

ATMOSPHERIC DATA: (MANUAL INPUT OF DATA)

Wind: 1.5 meters/second from NW at 3 meters
Ground Roughness: open country Cloud Cover: 5 tenths
Air Temperature: 22° C
Stability Class: F (user override)
No Inversion Height Relative Humidity: 38%

SOURCE STRENGTH:
Direct Source: 10.4 tons/sec Source Height: 0
Release Duration: 60 minutes
Release Rate: 157 kilograms/min
Total Amount Released: 9,435 kilograms

THREAT ZONE:
Threat Modelled: Overpressure (blast force) from vapor cloud explosion
Type of Ignition: ignited by spark or flame
Level of Congestion: congested
Model Run: Heavy Gas
Red : LOC was never exceeded --- (8.0 psi = destruction of buildings)
Orange: 60 meters --- (3.5 psi = serious injury likely)
Yellow: 97 meters --- (1.0 psi = shatters glass)

Chapter-7: Additional Studies 7.52

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Figure: 7.5 Thermal Radiation from Fireball (Styrene)

Chapter-7: Additional Studies 7.53

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PROPYLENE GLYCOL - Toxic Dispersion

SITE DATA:
Location: GUJARAT, INDIA

CHEMICAL DATA:
Chemical Name: PROPYLENE GLYCOL Molecular Weight: 76.10 g/mol
LEL: 2.6 ppm UEL: 12.6 ppm
Ambient Boiling Point: 186.8° C
Vapor Pressure at Ambient Temperature: 6.44e-004 atm
Ambient Saturation Concentration: 649 ppm or 0.065%
Note: Not enough chemical data to use Heavy Gas option

ATMOSPHERIC DATA: (MANUAL INPUT OF DATA)

Wind: 5 meters/second from NW at 3 meters
Ground Roughness: open country Cloud Cover: 5 tenths
Air Temperature: 40.5° C Stability Class: D
No Inversion Height Relative Humidity: 50%

SOURCE STRENGTH:
Direct Source: 4.7 tons/hr Source Height: 0
Release Duration: 60 minutes
Release Rate: 71.1 kilograms/min
Total Amount Released: 4,264 kilograms

THREAT ZONE:
Model Run: Gaussian
Red: 47 meters --- (2500 ppm)
Note: Threat zone was not drawn because effects of near-field patchiness
make dispersion predictions less reliable for short distances.
Orange: 79 meters --- (900 ppm)
Yellow: 218 meters --- (130 ppm)

Chapter-7: Additional Studies 7.54

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Figure: 7.6 TOXIC AREA FOR EACH THREAT ZONE (PROPYLENE GLYCOL)

Chapter-7: Additional Studies 7.55

 Krishna Chemicals
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XYLENE- Toxic Dispersion

SITE DATA:
Location: ANAND, INDIA

CHEMICAL DATA:
Chemical Name: M-XYLENE
CAS Number: 108-38-3 Molecular Weight: 106.17 g/mol
PAC-1: 130 ppm PAC-2: 920 ppm PAC-3: 2500 ppm
IDLH: 900 ppm LEL: 11000 ppm UEL: 64000 ppm
Ambient Boiling Point: 139.1° C
Vapor Pressure at Ambient Temperature: 0.0093 atm
Ambient Saturation Concentration: 9,284 ppm or 0.93%

ATMOSPHERIC DATA: (MANUAL INPUT OF DATA)

Wind: 1.5 meters/second from NW at 3 meters
Ground Roughness: open country Cloud Cover: 5 tenths
Air Temperature: 22° C
Stability Class: F (user override)
No Inversion Height Relative Humidity: 38%

SOURCE STRENGTH:
Leak from hole in vertical cylindrical puddle
Flammable chemical escaping from puddle (not burning)
Puddle Diameter: 0.6 meters Puddle Length: 4.24 meters
Puddle Volume: 1200 liters
Puddle contains liquid Internal Temperature: 22° C
Chemical Mass in Puddle: 1.03 tons Puddle is 90% full
Circular Opening Puddle: 0.2 meters
Opening is 0.0014 meters from puddle bottom
Ground Type: Concrete
Ground Temperature: equal to ambient
Max Puddle Diameter: Unknown
Release Duration: ALOHA limited the duration to 1 hour
Max Average Sustained Release Rate: 2.33 kilograms/min
(averaged over a minute or more)
Total Amount Released: 129 kilograms
Note: The chemical escaped as a liquid and formed an evaporating puddle.
The puddle spread to a diameter of 16.6 meters.

THREAT ZONE:
Model Run: Heavy Gas
Red: LOC was never exceeded --- (2500 ppm = PAC-3)
Orange: 17 meters --- (920 ppm = PAC-2)
Note: Threat zone was not drawn because effects of near-field patchiness
make dispersion predictions less reliable for short distances.
Yellow: 96 meters --- (130 ppm = PAC-1)

Chapter-7: Additional Studies 7.56

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Figure: 7.7 TOXIC AREA FOR EACH THREAT ZONE (XYLENE)

Chapter-7: Additional Studies 7.57

 Krishna Chemicals
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XYLENE- BLEVE

SITE DATA:
Location: ANAND, INDIA

CHEMICAL DATA:
Chemical Name: M-XYLENE
CAS Number: 108-38-3 Molecular Weight: 106.17 g/mol
PAC-1: 130 ppm PAC-2: 920 ppm PAC-3: 2500 ppm
IDLH: 900 ppm LEL: 11000 ppm UEL: 64000 ppm
Ambient Boiling Point: 139.1° C
Vapor Pressure at Ambient Temperature: 0.0093 atm
Ambient Saturation Concentration: 9,284 ppm or 0.93%

ATMOSPHERIC DATA: (MANUAL INPUT OF DATA)

Wind: 1.5 meters/second from NW at 3 meters
Ground Roughness: open country Cloud Cover: 5 tenths
Air Temperature: 22° C
Stability Class: F (user override)
No Inversion Height Relative Humidity: 38%

SOURCE STRENGTH:
BLEVE of flammable liquid in vertical cylindrical Puddle
Puddle Diameter: 0.6 meters Puddle Length: 4.24 meters
Puddle Volume: 1200 liters
Puddle contains liquid
Internal Storage Temperature: 22° C
Chemical Mass in Puddle: 1.03 tons Puddle is 90% full
Percentage of Puddle Mass in Fireball: 100%
Fireball Diameter: 57 meters Burn Duration: 5 seconds

THREAT ZONE:
Threat Modelled: Thermal radiation from fireball
Red: 62 meters --- (37.5 kW/ (sq m))
Orange: 79 meters --- (25 kW/ (sq m))
Yellow: 202 meters --- (4 kW/(sq m))

Chapter-7: Additional Studies 7.58

 Krishna Chemicals
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Figure: 7.8 Thermal radiation from fireball (XYLENE)

Chapter-7: Additional Studies 7.59

 Krishna Chemicals
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PHENOL- Toxic Dispersion

SITE DATA:
Location: GUJARAT, INDIA

CHEMICAL DATA:
Chemical Name: PHENOL Molecular Weight: 94.11 g/mol
AEGL-1 (60 min): 15 ppm AEGL-2 (60 min): 23 ppm AEGL-3 (60 min): N/A
IDLH: 250 ppm LEL: 17000 ppm UEL: 86000 ppm
Ambient Boiling Point: 182.0° C
Freezing Point: 40.5° C

ATMOSPHERIC DATA: (MANUAL INPUT OF DATA)

Wind: 1.5 meters/second from NW at 3 meters
Ground Roughness: open country Cloud Cover: 5 tenths
Air Temperature: 22° C Stability Class: F
No Inversion Height Relative Humidity: 50%

SOURCE STRENGTH:
Direct Source: 0.8 tons/sec Source Height: 0
Release Duration: 60 minutes
Release Rate: 12.1 kilograms/min
Total Amount Released: 726 kilograms

THREAT ZONE:
Model Run: Gaussian
Red: 48 meters --- (250 ppm = IDLH)
Note: Threat zone was not drawn because effects of near-field patchiness
make dispersion predictions less reliable for short distances.
Orange: 107 meters --- (50 ppm = ERPG-2)
Yellow: 241 meters --- (10 ppm = ERPG-1)

Chapter-7: Additional Studies 7.60

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Figure: 7.9 TOXIC AREA FOR EACH THREAT ZONE (PHENOL)

Chapter-7: Additional Studies 7.61

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FORMALDEHYDE- Toxic Dispersion

SITE DATA:
Location: GUJARAT, INDIA

CHEMICAL DATA:
Chemical Name: FORMALDEHYDE Molecular Weight: 30.03 g/mol
AEGL-1 (60 min): 0.9 ppm AEGL-2 (60 min): 14 ppm AEGL-3 (60 min): 56 ppm
IDLH: 20 ppm LEL: 73000 ppm UEL: 730000 ppm
Ambient Boiling Point: -21.1° C
Vapor Pressure at Ambient Temperature: greater than 1 atm
Ambient Saturation Concentration: 1,000,000 ppm or 100.0%

ATMOSPHERIC DATA: (MANUAL INPUT OF DATA)

Wind: 1.5 meters/second from NW at 3 meters
Ground Roughness: open country Cloud Cover: 5 tenths
Air Temperature: 22° C Stability Class: F
No Inversion Height Relative Humidity: 35%

SOURCE STRENGTH:
Evaporating Puddle (Note: chemical is flammable)
Puddle Diameter: 0.2 meters Puddle Mass: 0.8 metric tons
Ground Type: Concrete Ground Temperature: 22° C
Initial Puddle Temperature: -21.1° C
Release Duration: ALOHA limited the duration to 1 hour
Max Average Sustained Release Rate: 87.7 grams/min
(averaged over a minute or more)
Total Amount Released: 4.59 kilograms

THREAT ZONE:
Model Run: Gaussian
Red: 143 meters --- (20 ppm = IDLH)
Orange: 205 meters --- (10 ppm = ERPG-2)
Yellow: 699 meters --- (1 ppm = ERPG-1)

Chapter-7: Additional Studies 7.62

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Figure: 7.10 TOXIC AREA FOR EACH THREAT ZONE

(FORMALDEHYDE-37%)

Chapter-7: Additional Studies 7.63

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Table 7.3: - Estimation of Effect of Damage / Impact Identification

Incident % Magnitude of
Level of Treat zone Likelihood of
Chemical outcome fatality Impact/ Affected Areas
concern distance occurrence
case (pfi) Damage
Nearby fields & industries of GIDC- Vitthal
Toxic AEGL-3 Udyog Nagar, Mogri Gana Road, Ipcowala
194 Meter -- Very Unlikely High College of Pharmacy and Adit Cricket ground
dispersion 1100 ppm
would be affected
Styrene Nearby fields & industries of GIDC- Vitthal
(5 MT x 2 BLEVE 3.5 psi 60 Meter -- Very Unlikely Low Udyog Nagar would be affected
drums)
Nearby fields & industries of GIDC- Vitthal
Pool/Jet Fire 6600 ppm 78 Meter -- Very Unlikely Low Udyog Nagar and Adit Cricket ground would
be affected

Propylene
Glycol Toxic 2500 pm Nearby fields & industries of GIDC- Vitthal
(PAC-3)
47 meters -- Very Unlikely Low Udyog Nagar would be affected
(5 MT x 1 dispersion
Tank)

Toxic PAC-2 Only a small area of GIDC- Vitthal Udyog

Xylene 17 Meter -- Very Unlikely Low Nagar would be affected
dispersion 920 ppm
(0.25 MT x 5
drums) Nearby fields & industries of GIDC- Vitthal
37.5
BLEVE 62 Meter 100 Very Unlikely Low Udyog Nagar and Adit Cricket ground would
kW/m2 be affected
Phenol Nearby fields & industries of GIDC- Vitthal
Toxic IDLH
(0.25 MT x 3 48 Meter -- Very Unlikely Low Udyog Nagar and Adit Cricket ground would
dispersion 250ppm be affected
drums)
Formaldehyde Nearby fields & industries of GIDC- Vitthal
(37%) Toxic IDLH Udyog Nagar, Indukaka Ipcowala College of
143 Meter - Unlikely High Pharmacy and Adit Cricket ground would be
(0.25 MT x 4 dispersion 20 ppm
drums) affected

Chapter-7: Additional Studies 7.64

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Recommendations of QRA study

 Procedures should be developed for handling of toxic/ flammable materials and
should be followed.
 LEL detectors, toxic gas detectors should be provided near storage area where
stored flammable/toxic material; however, adequacy of number of detectors should
be studied. Detectors should be placed at vulnerable areas.
 Active fire protection systems like deluge system should be in place for tank farm
area. It should cover entire tank farm area.
 Fire hydrants should be placed such that it should cover entire area.
 Water monitor system for storage tanks should be placed such that it should cover
entire tank farm area.
 Ignition sources should not be allowed within the plant area in any circumstances.
 Smoke detectors should be in placed in office areas and control room. However,
adequacy of the same should be studied
 Hydraulic testing of pipes and should be carried out.
 Regular inspection and maintenance of valves should be carried out to ensure
effective operability.
 Regular maintenance and inspection for equipments should be done.
 Good safety management, strict adherence to safety management procedures and
competency assurance will reduce the risk

7.10 LEAK DETECTION AND REPAIR SYSTEMS (LDAR)

Leak Detection and Repair (LDAR) is a program implemented to comply with

environmental regulations for reducing the fugitive emissions of targeted chemicals into
the environment. Leaking equipment, such as valves, pumps, and connectors, are a
large source of emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and volatile hazardous
air pollutants (VHAPs).

Quarterly VOC monitoring would be conducted by NABL approved laboratory and six-
monthly workplace VOC monitoring would be carried out to identify areas with VOC
levels greater than the threshold limits. In case of any identified area appropriate controls
would be put in to identify the reasons for VOC /fugitive emissions and rectify the same.
Documentation of procedures for the monitoring and inspecting of emission control
equipment are prepared.
Chapter-7: Additional Studies 7.65
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The Following methodology will adopt during LDAR study:

 Identify the Chemical streams that will be monitored.
 Types of components (pumps, valves, connectors, etc.) will be monitored.
 Actions to be taken if a leak is detected.
 All the rotating equipment like pumps will be installed with Mechanical Seals to arrest
any sort of emissions.
 Length of time in which an attempt to repair the leak must be performed.
 Actions that must be taken if a leak cannot be repaired within guidelines.
 Record-keeping and reporting requirements.

Preventive Maintenance to prevent Leakages:

In order to prevent leakage from Pump, Seals, Valves etc., preventive maintenance shall
be carried out periodically as per plan. Regular maintenance of valves, pumps, flanges,
joints and other equipment will be done to prevent leakages and thus minimizing the
fugitive emissions of VOCs.

Chapter-7: Additional Studies 7.66

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Table: 7.4: Schedule of Preventive Maintenance

Sr. Frequency of
Component Preventive Maintenance Schedule
No. Monitoring
Pump seals with
1 Daily Immediately
visible liquid dripping
2 Valves/Flanges Quarterly
3 Compressor seal Quarterly
Immediately (On the same day)
Pressure relief
4 Yearly
devices
Pipeline Thickness Repair shall be started within 2 working days and
5 Yearly shall be completed within 5 working days after
Testing
detection of leak.

Immediate Repair of devices in case of Leakages:

 A regular preventive maintenance schedule will be in place to replace or rectify all
gaskets and joints to ensure no fugitive emissions shall take place.
 Plant shall also maintain adequate number of spares and consumables required to
repair the leaking device.
 Plant shall also have competent contractor team to handle Leakages and can repair
the same immediately.
 Standby equipment’s like Pumps, valves etc. shall be kept basis the criticality and
usage.
 Plant shall also have access equipment’s like Boom lift to handle leakages at height
immediately.

Chapter-7: Additional Studies 7.67

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7.11 PREVENTIVE MEASURES OF HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS

Name of Hazard Type

Sr.
material Rating of hazard / Causes Effect Control Measures proposed
No.
stored Systems Risk involved
1 Phthalic TWA: 0.002  Toxic,  Leakage during  Causes eye burns. Handling and storage:
Anhydride mg/m3 Hazardous handling &  May cause allergy or  Phthalic Anhydride will be stored in
transportation of asthma symptoms or 50 Kg bag and will be transfer to
NFPA Ratings: bag. breathing difficulties reactor through close system.
Health:2  Rupture in bag if inhaled.  Use only under a chemical fume
Flammability: 1  Rash, itching, hood. Wear personal protective
Instability: 1 swelling, trouble equipment/face protection. Avoid dust
breathing, tingling of formation.
Flash Point: the hands and feet,  Do not breathe (dust, vapour, mist,
152°C dizziness, light- gas). Do not get in eyes, on skin, or
headedness, chest on clothing. Do not ingest. If
pain, muscle pain or swallowed, then seek immediate
flushing. medical assistance. Protect from
moisture.
 Keep containers tightly closed in a
dry, cool and well-ventilated place.
Protect from moisture.

Accidental release measures:

 Use personal protective equipment as
required. Remove all sources of
ignition. Avoid dust formation. Ensure
adequate ventilation. Do not get in
eyes, on skin, or on clothing.
 Sweep up and shovel into suitable
Chapter-7: Additional Studies 7.68
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Name of Hazard Type

Sr.
material Rating of hazard / Causes Effect Control Measures proposed
No.
stored Systems Risk involved
containers for disposal. Avoid dust
formation.

Fire Fighting Measures:

 Water spray. Carbon dioxide (CO2).
Dry chemical. Chemical foam.
2 Maleic TWA: 0.01 ppm  Toxic  Symptoms of allergic Handling and storage:
Anhydride Chemicals  Leakage during reaction may include  Maleic anhydride will be stored in 50
NFPA Ratings: Exposure handling & rash, itching, Kg bags and will be transfer to reactor
Health: 3 Risks transportation of swelling, trouble through close system.
Flammability: 1 bag. breathing, tingling of  Use only under a chemical fume
Instability: 1  Rupture in bag the hands and feet, hood. Do not breathe dust.
dizziness, chest  Do not ingest. If swallowed, then seek
Flash Point: pain, muscle pain or immediate medical assistance.
102 °C flushing.
Fire Fighting Measures:
 Causes burns by all  Carbon dioxide (CO2). Water spray.
exposure routes. Alcohol resistant foam. CO2, dry
May cause allergy or chemical, dry sand, alcohol-resistant
asthma symptoms or foam.
breathing difficulties Accidental release measures:
if inhaled. May cause  Sweep up and shovel into suitable
allergic skin reaction. containers for disposal. Avoid dust
formation.
 Clean up spills immediately,
observing precautions in the
Protective Equipment section.

Chapter-7: Additional Studies 7.69

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Name of Hazard Type

Sr.
material Rating of hazard / Causes Effect Control Measures proposed
No.
stored Systems Risk involved
 Sweep up or absorb material, then
place into a suitable clean, dry, closed
container for disposal.
3 Xylene TWA: 100 ppm  Toxic  Leakage during  Breathing difficulties. Handling and storage:
STEL: 150 ppm Chemicals handling &  Xylene will be stored in 250 liters
Exposure transportation of  Symptoms of drums and will be transfer to reactor
NFPA Ratings: Risks drums. overexposure may through close system.
Health: 2 be headache,  Good hygiene procedures will be
Flammability: 3  Fire Hazard  Rupture in drums. dizziness, tiredness, followed when handling Xylene.
Instability: 0 nausea and vomiting  Appropriate personal protective
equipment’s like Safety Gloves,
Flash Point: Goggles, shoes etc., will be provided
25.6-32.2 °C to workers.
 Good ventilation will be provided in
Xylene storage area.
 Contact with skin, eyes, and clothing
will be avoided.

Accidental release measures:

 Proper protective eye wear, gloves,
and clothing will be provided to
workers.
 Safety shower and eye washer will be
installed near storage area.
 Evacuate personnel to safe areas.
 Do not flush into surface water or
sanitary sewer system.

Chapter-7: Additional Studies 7.70

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Name of Hazard Type

Sr.
material Rating of hazard / Causes Effect Control Measures proposed
No.
stored Systems Risk involved

Fire Fighting Measures:

 Spark-proof tools and explosion-proof
equipment will be provided.
 Flame proof Electrical fittings will be
provided at flammable storage area.
 Earthing/bonding will be provided for
static charges.
 Quick-acting ABC powder, Quick-
acting BC powder, Quick-acting class
B foam, Quick-acting CO2 will be
used as fire extinguishing media in
case of fire.
4 Phenol (92%) TWA: 5 ppm  Toxic  Glands/seal leaks  Causes severe skin Handling and storage:
Chemicals in valves, pumps, burns and eye  Phenol will be stored in 250 Lit in
NFPA Ratings: Exposure  Hose/pipe failure, damage. Drum.
Health:4 Risks leakage from  Toxic if inhaled  All other materials will be stored
Flammability:2, flanged joints  Suspected of causing separate from Phenol.
Instability: 1  Fire carrying phenol genetic defects  Contact with skin, eyes, and clothing
/Explosion  Overflow from  May cause damage will be avoided.
Flash Point: storage drums to organs through  Good hygiene procedures will be
79°C prolonged or followed when handling Phenol.
repeated exposure.  Keep away from heat, sparks and
 Causes serious eye flame.
damage.  Phenol will be stored in moisture &
 Harmful to aquatic cool location.
life.  Protect from freezing and physical

Chapter-7: Additional Studies 7.71

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Name of Hazard Type

Sr.
material Rating of hazard / Causes Effect Control Measures proposed
No.
stored Systems Risk involved
 Toxic to aquatic life damage.
with long lasting
effects. Accidental release measures:
 Adequate ventilation & proper air-
handling systems will be provided in
the phenol storage area.
 Spark proof tools will be used.
 Safety shower and eye washer shall
be installed near storage area.

Fire Fighting Measures:

Suitable extinguishing agents:
 Water, dry chemical, chemical foam,
carbon dioxide, or alcohol-resistant
foam will be used as a fire
extinguishing media.
 A vapor suppressing foam may be
used to reduce vapors.
 Appropriate Personal Protective
Equipments will be provided to
workers.
 Flame proof Electrical fittings shall be
provided at flammable storage area.
 Earthing/bonding shall be provided for
static charges.
 Flame arrestor shall be provided on
flammable material storage tank vent.

Chapter-7: Additional Studies 7.72

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Name of Hazard Type

Sr.
material Rating of hazard / Causes Effect Control Measures proposed
No.
stored Systems Risk involved
5 Formaldehyde TWA: 0.1 ppm  Toxic  Leakage during  Very toxic by Handling and storage:
(37%) STEL: 0.3 ppm Chemicals handling & inhalation, in contact  Formaldehyde will be stored in 250 lit
Exposure transportation of with skin, very toxic if drum and will be transfer through
NFPA Ratings: Risks drums. swallowed. close pipe system.
Health - 3  Fire Hazard  Glands/seal leaks  Causes burns.  All other materials will be stored
Flammability - 2 in valves, pumps  Limited evidence of separate from Formaldehyde.
Reactivity - 0 Hose/pipe failure, a carcinogenic  Good ventilation will be provided in
leakage effect. formaldehyde storage area.
Flash Point:  Overflow from  Risk of serious  Keep away from heat and sources of
50 °C storage drums damage to the eyes. ignition.
 May cause  Lightning arrester will be provided to
sensitization by skin prevent fire.
contact.  Appropriate personal protective
 May cause allergic equipment will be provided.
skin reaction.  Spark-proof tools and explosion-proof
Symptoms of equipment will be provided.
overexposure may
be headache, Accidental release measures:
dizziness, tiredness,  Safety shower and eye washer will be
nausea and installed near storage area.
vomiting.  Evacuate personnel to safe areas.
 Adequate ventilation will be provided
in formaldehyde storage area.
 Do not flush into surface water or
sanitary sewer system.
 Use personal protective equipment.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Chapter-7: Additional Studies 7.73

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Name of Hazard Type

Sr.
material Rating of hazard / Causes Effect Control Measures proposed
No.
stored Systems Risk involved
Keep people away from and upwind
of spill/leak.
 Ensure adequate ventilation. Remove
all sources of ignition.

Fire Fighting Measures:

 CO2, dry chemical, or foam will be
used as fire extinguishing media in
case of fire.
 Proper protective eye wear, gloves,
and clothing will be provided to
workers.
 Flame proof Electrical fittings will be
provided at flammable storage area.
 Earthing/bonding will be provided for
static charges.

Chapter-7: Additional Studies 7.74

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Chapter-7: Additional Studies 7.75

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

CHAPTER-8 PROJECT BENEFITS

8.1 INTRODUCTION

Growth in the industrial sector creates new opportunities for employment and can also
help diversify the economy. This chapter describes about benefits of the project to the
region in terms of improvements in the physical infrastructure, social infrastructure,
Employment potential.

8.2 IMPROVEMENT IN THE PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE

Physical infrastructure includes infrastructural & technological facilities of the project,

necessary for the operation of the unit. Krishna Chemicals is an existing unit located at
Plot No. 1703/4, Phase IV, Vithal Udhyog Nagar GIDC, Taluka & District: Anand in
Gujarat State and proposed expansion will be carried out in the same premises. Unit is
involved in manufacturing of unsaturated polyesters resin and now wants to expand the
production capacity by adding some new products. Unit will use modernized technologies
and infrastructural facilities. So that, nearby public or workers will become aware to new
technology launched or running in the present market and thereby it will also helpful in
increasing knowledge of employ and surrounding people.
Followings will be other improvements in the physical infrastructure:
 Adoption of new technology
 Awareness in local educated people for new technology
 Improvement in local amenities facilities
 Improvement in road link facilities as transportation through truck and other vehicles
will increased due to new project
 Improvement in local civilization
 Increase income of local population
 Nearby town will develop due to requirement of new project

8.3 IMPROVEMENT IN THE SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE

Due to proposed expansion project activity, the socio-economic scenario in the region will
certainly change with positive impact on the existing regional socio-economic pattern.
There will be change in employment pattern with local residents will be given preference
for jobs opportunities and/or self-employment. Due to enhancement in infrastructure
facilities and utilities in living condition will also improve;

Chapter-8: Project Benefits 8.1

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

8.4 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL

The expansion Project will create direct & indirect employment opportunities within the
surrounding region. The Unit will use good faith efforts to employ local people from the
nearby villages depending upon the availability of skilled & un-skilled manpower
surrounding the project site. In construction phase many people will get temporary
employment. In operation phase, the proposed project would require significant workforce
of non-technical and technical persons at around 10 (Existing 06 + Proposed 04).
Migration of highly education and skilled experience will result in increase of literacy in the
surrounding Villages. The employed people will be benefited financially. This financial
gain will fulfill their monetary requirements, which in turn will increase their standard of
living.

8.5 OTHER TANGIBLE BENEFITS

8.5.1 CSR ACTIVITIES

Unit has plans to institutionalize the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities so
that the CSR transforms itself into personal Social Responsibility for the personnel
manning the factory.

 Funds will be provided to arrange extra-curricular activities for nearby school and
colleges.
 School uniforms, notebooks and scholarship will be provided to poor students.
 Regular medical camps in the surrounding villages to provide treatment with free
supply of medicines and highlight the aspects of hygiene and good health.
 Tree Plantation in rural areas.
 Free education material for school girl of nearby villages.
 Provision of sanitation (toilets) facility.

Initially CSR budget commitment is approximately 2% of company’s annual net profit. The
activities in which CSR fund will be used are covered under schedule VII of the
company’s act 2013.
8.5.2 ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

Proposed expansion project will increase the economic activities around the area,
creating avenues for direct/indirect employment during operation phase of the project.
Proposed expansion project will contribute additional revenue to the Central & State

Chapter-8: Project Benefits 8.2

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

exchequer in the form of income tax, GST, corporate taxes etc. Indirect contribution to the
Central & State exchequer will be there due to Income by way of registration of trucks,
payment of road tax, income tax from individual as well as taxes from associated units.
Thus, the proposed project will help the Government by paying different taxes from time
to time, which is a part of revenue and thus, will help in developing the area. Demand of
the products in foreign market is also significant, which will boost the export potential of
the company as well as country. Export oriented units plays vital role in development of
economy as well as local physical infrastructure for further boosting of industrial
development with sustainable approach as the industries need to maintain good
environment & safety condition to get better foreign market.

8.5.3 GREENBELT DEVELOPMENT

Tree plantation is one of the effective remedial measures to control the air pollution and
noise pollution. It also causes aesthetics improvement of the area as well as sustains and
supports the biosphere. Total land area is 1222 m2. The unit will develop greenbelt in
area of 404 m2 (33% of the total area), out of which unit has already developed greenbelt
in area of 245 m2 (i.e. 20% of the total area) inside the plant premises and unit will
develop green belt @ 159 m2 (i.e. 13%) on GIDC allotted plot. Thus total of 33% green
belt would be developed by the unit.

8.5.4 CORPORATE ENVIRONMENT RESPONSIBILITY (CER)

As per MoEF&CC OM [Link].22-65/[Link] dated 1st May, 2018 industry will provide
1% of the additional project cost i.e. 2.78 Lakh (1% of additional cost 2.78 Crores)
towards the Corporate Environmental Responsibility (CER). Following is the five years’
action plan for carrying out various activities under CER in nearby villages:
Table 8.1 : Action Plan for Activities under CER

Sr. Total Budget

Type of Activity
No. (In Lacs)

1 As per requirement installation of solar street lights (10 Nos.)

2.78
or solar panels in the nearby village

Total 2.78

Chapter-8: Project Benefits 8.3

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

CHAPTER – 9 ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS

The environmental benefits of avoided damages are important in the analysis

of environmental improvement projects. To reduce fuel consumption and
greenhouse gases from shifting transport to rail and active modes of mobility.
the benefits of mitigation can be global and long-term, co-benefits such as
reduced air pollution are relatively certain, short-term and accrue within the
country making the efforts. Reductions in damages from local and regional air
pollution tend to be the largest category of co-benefit that arise with
greenhouse gas mitigation.
As a part of mitigation measures to reduce greenhouse gas emission, our unit
has shifted to use Natural gas in proposed and existing utilities. As well as unit
has proposed adequate APCM to control carbon emissions. Unit has also
proposed to use chemicals that won’t liberate greenhouse gases into
atmosphere.

Chapter-9: Environmental Cost Benefits Analysis 9.1

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Gujarat

CHAPTER-10 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN

10.1 INTRODUCTION
Environmental Management is basically resource management and environmental
planning is similar to development planning. The conventional resource management
and development planning look at the issues from narrow micro-economical point of view
while environmental management views the issues from the broader prospective of long
term sustainable development option, which ensures that the environment is not
desecrated. An Environmental Management Plan is prepared for construction phase,
post construction phase (commissioning and operation) and for post project phase. The
environmental management plan is prepared to minimize the impact of atmospheric
emissions, liquid effluents, solid wastes & noise generation on the surrounding
environment.

The baseline settings of different relevant environmental components in the study area
are analyzed and potential impacts on those components due to the proposed activity
are documented. The impacts on environment are found to be minimal during the study;
however additional measures are documented for operation phase for further
improvement of Environmental Quality in the form of an Environmental Management
Plan (EMP).

Environment, Health and Safety (EHS)

 It is of utmost concern for a company to conduct its business in a manner that will
promote the protection of the occupational Health & Safety; Welfare of its employees
and others involved in or affected by its business operations and address the
environmental concerns regarding sustainable development.
 To be a responsive and responsible corporate citizen, unit shall strive to achieve an
organizational culture of Safety, Health and Environmental excellence.
 As an integral part of the company’s business performance, the company shall
declare full commitment to achieve high levels of performance in Health, Safety and
Environment.
 Continual improvements in Safety, Health and Environment shall be recognized as
essential for the future success of the company.
10.2 THE ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
An Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is prepared to mitigate and manage various
environmental impacts identified. The EMP presents the project specific guidelines on:

Chapter-10: Environment Management Plan 10.1

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Gujarat

 Environmental management strategies

 Specialized engineering construction procedures in relation to environmental
guidelines of the country
 Spill prevention and control
 Management of wastes and hazardous chemicals
 Air, water and soil quality protection
 Noise control
 Soil erosion control and slope stabilization
 Vegetation, wildlife and habitat protection
 Socio-economic and welfare considerations
 Risk and disaster management plan
 To prepare a checklist for statutory compliance

Due to its complexity and implications, the implementation of the EMP must be executed
utilizing a specific EMS framework. Once an EMP has been approved, it should provide
the basis for environmental considerations of all the activities carried out on the site by
the appointed personnel.

With respect to the various environmental impacts identified during the EIA stage,
mitigation measures to prevent or minimize the impacts are suggested for all the
environmental components.

The environmental management plan for the proposed activity aims to mitigate the
potentially detrimental impacts on the environment, both during construction and
operation phases of the project. It is also necessary that continued compliance with
existing environmental regulations is ensured. The construction and associated activities
have been planned so as to minimize impacts on the physical, biological and socio-
economic-cultural environments. Even though it would be naive to expect that all
detrimental impacts can be avoided, it is apparent that most of the impacts will be
localized and temporary in nature.

10.3 OBJECTIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

While developing an EMP within the framework of an EMS, it is imperative to have clear
environmental objectives and delineate them. The key environmental management
objectives for this project are to avoid significant adverse environmental impacts and to
ensure that where impacts do occur they are mitigated. In addition, the project proponent
aims to meet the following specific objectives:

Chapter-10: Environment Management Plan 10.2

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Gujarat

 To adopt construction and operational methods that will limit environmental

degradation.
 To protect physical environmental components such as air, water and soil.
 To improve workplace conditions for employees by reducing every kind of pollution
and improving workplace environment/atmosphere.
 To make budgetary provision and allocation of funds for environment management
system and to timely revision of budgetary provisions.
 To implement & ensure effective implementation of research and development
program for the innovative technologies for better environment, resource
conservation/ recovery/recycling/reuse.
 To eliminate/reduce the possibility of potential hazard due to operations.
 To generate employment opportunities wherever possible and feasible.
 To provide advanced sophisticated safety system to ensure safety of the public at
large.
 To establish a long term program to monitor effects of the project on the environment.

10.4 EMP FOR OPERATIONAL PHASE

Routine operational activities of the project would be associated with the following
potentially significant environmental impacts. These activities associated with the
impacts as listed hereunder:

 Routine production activities

 Waste treatment and disposal
 Transport of men and material
 Storage of raw materials
 Fire / Explosion

The operational phase activities due to proposed expansion activity have the potential to
cause long-term environmental impacts. Cumulative impacts due to the air pollution are
predicted using simulation models as discussed in chapter 4.

Several control measures have been incorporated to minimize the generation of wastes
and subsequent environmental impacts during the operational phase. Strict adherence to
these pollution prevention and control measures will moderate the environmental impacts
to the minimum possible level during operational phase. In general, the environmental
management plan during operational phase of the plant will be directed to the following:

Chapter-10: Environment Management Plan 10.3

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Gujarat

 It will be ensured that all the pollution control / environment management systems are
commissioned before the commencement of operation of the project.
 Wherever possible, the control systems will be interlinked with the operational units,
so that failure of the control system will shut down the respective operational unit.
 Regular performance evaluation of the control systems will be undertaken to ensure
their optimum performance.
 Preventive maintenance schedule of the control systems will be matching with that of
the respective operational unit.
 Regular monitoring for various components of environment will be undertaken to
ensure effective functioning of pollution control measures as well as to safe guard
against any unforeseen changes in environment.
 Efforts will be made to ensure the maximum utilization of wastes to be generated.
 During the operational phase, there will not be any significant impacts on various
environmental components. Hence, the following Management Plan is recommended
to mitigate adverse impacts during operation phase:

10.4.1 Management of Air Environment

To control fugitive emissions following measures are recommended:
 Controlled emissions and provision of PPE for the workers.
 Adequate measures for the minimization/prevention of the fugitive emission.
 Regular maintenance of valves, pumps and other equipment to prevent leakage.
 Entire process is carried out in the closed reactors with proper maintenance of
pressure and temperature.
 Regular periodic monitoring of work area to check the fugitive emission.
 Adequate stack heights as per the CPCB estimation will be provided at all locations to
reduce GLCs of pollutants.
 Greenbelt development is implemented to mitigate impacts from fugitive emissions.
About 33% of the total area of plot area will be developed for greenbelt. The unit will
develop greenbelt in area of 404 m2 (33% of the total area), out of which unit has
already developed greenbelt in area of 245 m2 (i.e. 20% of the total area) inside the
plant premises and 159 m2 (i.e. 13%) of the green belt would be developed on GIDC
allotted plot. Thus total of 33% green belt would be developed by the unit.
 The air quality surveillance program will be undertaken for activity and the program
may be strengthened properly keeping in view the combined maximum impacts from
post-project activities particularly in critical downwind directions.

Chapter-10: Environment Management Plan 10.4

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Gujarat

 Air Pollution Control System is/will be installed in the plant.

10.4.2 Management of Noise

To minimize the noise pollution, the unit proposes the following noise control measures:
 Manufacturers / suppliers of major noise generating machines / equipments like air
compressors, feeder pumps, reactors. D.G. sets etc. will be instructed to make
required design modifications wherever possible before supply and installation to
mitigate the noise generation and to comply with the national / international regulatory
norms with respect to noise generation.
 Periodic maintenance of machinery and vehicles will be undertaken to reduce the
noise impact.
 Noise suppression measures such as enclosures, buffers and / or protective
measures will be provided (wherever noise level is more than 75 dB (A)).
 Employees will be provided with Personal Protective Equipments like earplugs or
earmuffs, wherever required.
 Extensive oiling, lubrication and preventive maintenance will be carried out or the
machineries and equipments to reduce noise generation.
 The green belt area will be developed within industrial premises and around the
periphery to prevent the noise pollution in surrounding area.
 Noise monitoring will be carried out to check the efficacy of maintenance schedules
undertaken to reduce noise levels and noise protection measures.
 Good quality digital sound level meter will be in place to monitor noise level.

10.4.3 Management of Water Environment

At present, the source of fresh water is GIDC and the same source will be continued
after the proposed expansion. At present, water requirement is 0.30 KLD, which will be
increase up to 52.6 KLD. At present, Domestic water requirement is 0.05 KLD, which will
be increase up to 1.0 KLD and industrial water requirement will be increase from 0.250
KLD to 50.1 KLD. For gardening purpose, water requirement will be 1.5 KLD.

Total water requirement after proposed expansion will be 52.6 KLD, out of which 12.8
KLD will be fresh water and 39.8 KLD (38 KLD Condensate Water + 1.8 KLD Reuse
water) will be recycle water. Domestic wastewater generations will be 0.8 KLD, which
will be treated in ETP-1 consisting primary, secondary & tertiary treatment along with
industrial waste water generated from cooling blow down. Total 1.0 KLD industrial
wastewater generated from process and washing will be treated in ETP-2 consisting

Chapter-10: Environment Management Plan 10.5

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Gujarat

fanton reactor where COD/BOD load will be reduced. After sludge separation it will be
stored in storage tank from where it will be evaporated in thermic evaporator. Hence, unit
will achieve Zero Liquid discharge (ZLD).

The mitigation measures for minimizing the impacts on water environment in general
includes following:

 Optimum utilization of water resource.

 Minimize waste generation.
 Reuse/recycle and disposal.
 Use of high-pressure hoses for cleaning the floor to reduce the amount of wastewater
generated.
 Reducing the actual process water consumption by way of improvement in operation
of processing units.
 Unit processes to collect rain water during the monsoon and use for various purpose.
 Advance controls and instrumentation for operations and control and leak detection
techniques shall be implemented for this project.
 The domestic sewage will be treated in ETP along with industrial waste water.

10.4.4 Management of Land Environment

The management plan for this component of environment lays emphasis on development
of greenbelt comprising of appropriately selected species of shrubs and trees. It is
recommended that plantation be made on sites, road sides and on barren land. Such a
development of greenbelt and plantation of shrubs and trees will not only significantly
reduce or mitigate adverse impacts due to aerosols and gaseous pollutants, noise, odour
and nuisance etc., but also, serve as shelter belts for avifauna, stabilize and improve soil
permeability and aesthetic environment.

10.4.5 Management of Solid/Hazardous Waste

Waste is an unavoidable byproduct of human activity. Economic development, rapid
urbanization & improved living standards have led to the increase in quantity &
complexity of the waste generated. Proper disposal of waste is essential for preservation
and improvement of public health.

Solid waste management is one of the most essential services for maintaining the quality
of life in the plant and for ensuring better standards of health and sanitation. Solid waste
generated in the plant area can be handled under two main categories, namely domestic

Chapter-10: Environment Management Plan 10.6

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Gujarat

wastes and industrial wastes. Effective measures will be taken to effectively implement
the solid waste management systems in the plant. Solid waste will be handed over to
authorized vendor for disposal.

The Hazardous waste will be handled as per Hazardous and other Wastes (Management
and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016. Used/Spent Oil will be sent to registered
recycler. Discarded Containers/bags are sell to GPCB approved recyclers. ETP Sludge
and evaporation salts will be disposed at TSDF site. Process sludge will be disposed off
by sending it to common Incineration facility.

The Waste Management plan includes:

 Waste Inventory
 Classification of waste
 Packaging, Storing and Transporting Wastes to Disposal site
 Data Management and Reporting - Personnel Training
 Waste Minimization

Waste Management:
1. Solid Waste
 The solid waste shall be segregated as bio-degradable and non-biodegradable.
 The organic waste will be segregated and handed over to outside agency for
disposal.
 The non-biodegradable (inorganic) waste shall be handed over to authorized recycler
for further handling and disposal.
 Reuse of paper and plastic waste.
 Planned system for waste collection, segregation and disposal.

2. Hazardous waste
 Hazardous waste will be stored in proper storage room and handed over to
authorized vendor for final disposal.
 The collection, treatment and disposal of hazardous waste will be as per Hazardous
and other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016, and
hence no adverse impact on land environment is envisaged.

Manual handling of waste will be avoided maximum as possible. However, necessary

PPE’s shall be provided to workers while handling of hazardous wastes.

Chapter-10: Environment Management Plan 10.7

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Gujarat

10.4.6 Management of Hazardous Raw materials

During the operation period, Hazardous raw materials, especially solvents will be
handled with care and precautions. SOP will be followed for handling the chemicals.
Minimum possible storage will be provided for chemicals. Detailed physical and chemical
characteristics, handling and management of hazardous chemicals are given in chapter-
7. Storage inventory is given in chapter-2.

10.4.7 Management of Biological Environment

 No trash/non-biodegradable materials should be dumped outside the project site.
 Domestic wastewater (sewage) will be treated in the ETP along with the industrial
effluent. No contaminated water will be allowed to enter the surrounding environment
or surface water body.
 Green belt will be developed all along the boundary of the installation by choosing
fast growing and resistant varieties suitable to the soil conditions in the site (native
plants) and special care will be taken to maintain it.
 Survival rate of the planted trees will be closely monitored in the green belt and the
trees which could not survive should be counted.
 There will be a waste management plan developed for categorization and handling of
wastes.

10.4.8 Management of Socio-economic factors

 In order to mitigate the impacts likely to arise out of the proposed activity and also to
maintain goodwill of local people for the proposed activity, it is necessary to take
steps for improving the social environment. Necessary social welfare measures by
the industry will be useful in gaining public confidence depending on local
requirement.
 Formal and informal training to be provided to the employees of the effected villages
due to the project will be taken up on priority basis. Job oriented skill training, courses
may be organized.
 Personal protective facilities like helmets, safety (gas) mask / safety dress, shoes etc.
are ensured for all workers, engaged in operation.

10.4.9 Management of Traffic

 Separate gate for entry and exit, will be provided with 4 m wide approach roads and 4
m wide road will be provided at the periphery of the Process Area.
 Adequate Ramp Feeds will be provided.

Chapter-10: Environment Management Plan 10.8

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Gujarat

 Flow of traffic is eased out by providing adequate entries and exits space.
 Entry and exit will be managed by security personnel who will also regulate traffic.
 Thus the traffic management will be easily and smoothly monitored without any
hindrances to the regular flow of traffic on the main road.

10.5 ADDITIONAL MITIGATION MEASURES

In addition to the above suggested measures for management of air, water, soil, traffic
etc. following additional measures will be provided.

10.5.1 Water Conservation

Minimizing Water Consumption

A combination of water saving appliances and water management measures will be
planned in the plant. The message of water conservation will be spread to all occupiers
on site by way of awareness campaigns and circulars. Specific measures that will be
implemented include the following:

Management Measures
 Reduce toilet cistern volume in single flush models.
 Promote awareness on water conservation and reducing water wastage.
 Quick fixing of leaking taps, pipes and toilet cisterns;
 Sweep with a broom and pan where possible, rather than hose down external areas;

Water Saving Investments

 Collect rain water from rooftop and appropriate built-up area for use in various
applications.
 Reduce water delivery in taps and showers, through the installation of low flow
devices or aerators on showerheads.
 Spring-loaded taps;
 Installation of sub-meters on key areas of water use – monitoring water use is a
precursor for management and
 Water Efficient Plumbing Fixtures.

10.5.2 Odor Management Plan

Causes of Odor can be bad sanitation, bacterial growth in the interconnecting pipes &
unattended drains etc.

Chapter-10: Environment Management Plan 10.9

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Gujarat

Remedial Measures
 Better management to avoid staling.
 Use of sanitation biocides to minimize the growth of aerobic/anaerobic micro–
organisms.
 Steaming of major pipe lines.
 Proper cleaning of drains.
 Regular use of bleaching powder in the drains to avoid growth of sulphur
decomposing micro-organisms to control H2S generation.

10.5.3 Safety measures to prevent the Occupational Health Hazards

 Proper training will be given to all the employees at regular time period to bring
awareness among the employees.
 Employees will be provided with Personal Protective Equipments like earplugs or
earmuffs, shoes, gloves wherever required.
 Electrical equipments will be properly earthed & lock out/tag out, electrical isolation
method will be developed & displayed at required locations.

10.5.4 Social welfare measures for future planning

 School uniforms, notebooks and scholarship will be provided to poor students.
 Scholarship will be provided to meritorious students.
 Special Health awareness camp and medical camps for primary checkup will be
arranged at least once in a year in nearby villages for health check-ups.
 Roads passing nearby plant will be maintained.
 During the construction and operation phase villagers will be directly or indirectly
employed.
 Funds will be provided to arrange extracurricular activities for nearby school and
colleges.

10.5.5 Cleaner production strategies:

1. Good Housekeeping:
We shall take appropriate managerial and operational actions:
 Spill and leak detection and prevention programs
 Training employees in proper material storage and handling procedures
 Dedicated equipment for large volume products
 Use spill and drip trays to recover losses from manual material transfer operations

Chapter-10: Environment Management Plan 10.10

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Gujarat

2. Input Substitution:
 Use biodegradable detergents and cleaners
 Use higher purity materials
 Substitute input materials by renewable materials
 By using adjunct materials which have a longer service lifetime in production.
 Using Energy efficiently to reduce the environmental impact from energy use by
improved energy efficiency.

3. Better Process control:

 Process record keeping in order to run the processes more efficiently and at lower
waste and emission generation rates.

4. On-site recovery & reuse:

 Reuse of the wasted materials in the same process for another useful application
within the company
 Wastewater from industrial processes will be recycled in the next batch.

5. Product modification:
 Environmentally preferred packaging (e.g. less or reusable packaging, recyclable
materials)
10.5.6 Energy Conservation
Energy conservation measures are often the easiest, quickest and cheapest way to
reduce costs and be environmentally pro-active. Energy conservation will be one of the
focuses during planning and operation stages. The conservation efforts would consist of
the following:

Architectural design
 Public areas will be cooled by natural ventilation as opposed to air-conditioning.
 Maximize the use of natural lighting through design.

Energy Saving Practices

 Purchase of energy efficient appliances.
 Constant monitoring of energy consumption and defining targets for energy
conservation.
 Adjusting the settings and illumination levels to ensure minimum energy used for
desired comfort levels.
 Proper temperature controls will be provided to reduce load on heating systems.
 Proper load factor will be maintained by the company.

Chapter-10: Environment Management Plan 10.11

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Gujarat

 Company will adopt good maintenance practices and will maintain good
housekeeping which will help in better illumination levels with least number of
fixtures.
 On most of roofs transparent acrylic sheets will be provided to use day light and to
stop use of lights during day time.
 CFL/LED lamps will be provided, wherever applicable.
 To the extent possible and technically feasible, energy efficient equipment will be
selected.
 Gravity flow will be preferred wherever possible to save pumping energy.
 Recycling of water will be done.

Behavioral change on consumption

 Awareness on energy conservation.
 Training to staffs on methods of energy conservation.

Solar Architectural Features

 Unit will provide enough day light factors in the building to permit maximum day light
to interior to minimize overall energy consumption.
 These features will also minimize the impact of climate both in summer and in winter
and as a result, the use of electricity will likely to be reduced.

10.6 Greenbelt Development Plan

Tree plantation is one of the effective remedial measures to control the air pollution
and noise pollution. It also causes aesthetics improvement of the area as well as
sustains and supports the biosphere. Total land area is 1222 m2. The unit will
develop greenbelt in area of 404 m2 (33% of the total area), out of which unit has
already developed greenbelt in area of 245 m2 (i.e. 20% of the total area) inside the
plant premises and 159 m2 (i.e. 13%) of the green belt would be developed on GIDC
allotted plot. Thus total of 33% green belt would be developed by the unit.

Design of greenbelt:
As far as possible, following guidelines will be considered in greenbelt development.
 The spacing between the trees will be maintained as per guideline, so that the trees
may grow vertically and slightly increase the effective height of the green belt.

Chapter-10: Environment Management Plan 10.12

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Gujarat

 The short trees (<10 m height) will be planted in the first two rows (towards plant
side). The tall trees (>10 m height) will be planted in the outer three rows (away from
plant side).

Selection of species for greenbelt

For the development of greenbelt, plants having simple big leaves and native species
are preferred to the plants. The plants are suitable for greenbelt development based on
gaseous exchange capacity of foliage which is ascertained by the following
characteristics:
 The plant should be fast growing.
 It should be perennial and evergreen.
 It should have large leaf area index.

Selection of species for greenbelt

Limdo, Asopalav, Gulmahor, Badam and other small fruit/flower plant are suggested for
the greenbelt development with respect to this particular area. They are evergreen tree
types suitable to be grown in the area.
Table 10.1: Greenbelt Development Programme
Area(m2)
No. of trees to be
No. of trees already Area(m2) (GIDC allotted
Sr. planted
planted (within plant plot outside
No. (GIDC allotted plot
(within plant premises) premises) plant
outside plant premises)
premises)
1 61 40 245 159
Total 101 nos. 404 m2
* Survival rate is expected to be around 75-80%

10.7 Rain Water Harvesting

Rainwater Harvesting is generally putting back rainwater in to the underground

formation, where it will be stored in underground reservoirs (Aquifer) so that we can draw
it whenever we need it.

Need for Rainwater Harvesting

 To reduce ground water pollution.
 To augment the ground water storage and decline of water level.
 To improve the quality of ground water.
 To reduce the soil erosion.

Chapter-10: Environment Management Plan 10.13

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Gujarat

The harvested rain water can be used for flushing, washing, gardening, irrigation, fire-
fighting, etc. Rain water is the purest form for water available to us.

Advantages of Rainwater Harvesting

 Provides self-sufficiency at least reduces load on water supply.
 Reduces the cost of pumping of ground water as it raises ground water table.
 Improves quality of ground water through dilution when recharge to ground water.
 Reduces soil erosion in alluvium area.
 Rainwater harvesting systems are simple which can be adopted by individuals.

Unit proposes to manufacture synthetic organics chemicals, which will require some
hazardous chemicals as raw material. Due to handling and storage of such chemicals,
unit is planning to store rain water and use the same for activities like washing, cooling,
greenbelt etc. Calculation of rain water to be harvested based on yearly rainfall and
runoff is given in below table.
TABLE 10.2: Details of Rain Water Harvesting
Particular Details
Annual Rainfall (mm) 687
Catchment area available (sq. m) 900.0
Total volume of Rain water can be harvested (KL/year) 438.9
Volume of under-ground water tank (KL) 100

10.8 Occupational Health & Safety Plan

To maintain high standard in Health, Safety and Environment, necessary key mitigation
measures & action plan as EMP has been suggested as described below.
 Post-employment health check-up programs will be carried out on annually and all
records & documents related with employee health check-up program will be
maintained.
 Necessary PPEs, safety equipments/materials to ensure healthy & safe work
conditions will be provided to employees.
 All employees will be provided with required set of PPEs like ear plug, ear muff etc.
where noise levels in excess of 80 dB(A) are regularly generated.
 It is recommended that Pre-employment health check-up programs shall be carried
out for every new employee and all records & documents related with employee
health check-up program shall be maintained by the proponent.

Chapter-10: Environment Management Plan 10.14

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Gujarat

 Safety documents, procedures, guidelines along with MSDS shall be provided to the
associated/concerned personnel engaged in respective operational activities.
 Training programs & safety audit shall be done on regular basis to prevent impacts of
the operational activities on occupational health as well as to improve workplace
condition & safe work system.
 Proponent shall also ensure proper implementation & functioning as well as assess
effectiveness of this safety & emergency system on regular basis throughout the
project operation phase.

Plans for Periodic Medical Check-up:

 Part time doctor will periodically visit the plant for health check-up of each employee.
 Pre-employment health check-up will be followed by periodical health check-up with
special attention to occupational health.
 Medical records of each employee will be maintained in prescribed format as per
Factory Act.
 The work zone monitoring will be conducted on regular basis.

Monitoring of the Occupational Injury & It’s Impact on workers

The action plan will be prepared to monitor the injury to workers:
 Each workplace will be evaluated for the existing work conditions.
 Unsafe Act & unsafe Practices will be identified.
 Unsafe equipment, unsafe areas, etc., will be identified.
 Area will be checked for proper Ventilation and Illumination.
 Air-borne concentration of toxic chemicals will be measured and records will be kept.
 Evaluation of training & on the job work.
 Impact of the above mentioned unsafe conditions on workers will be studied and
remedial measures for the same will be adopted.

10.9 SUMMARY OF ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN AND ACTIONS

A summary of the recommended measures or actions proposed with respect to the
various envisaged impacts as a part of Environment Management Plan is given below.
Table 10.3: Summary of Environmental Management Plan
Potential
Environmental Potential Controls though EMP Impact
S. No. source of
Component Impacts and Design Evaluation
Impact
Operation Sewage will be treated in
Water phase the ETP along waste No adverse
1. Water
Contamination Domestic water from cooling tower impact
waste water and treated water will be

Chapter-10: Environment Management Plan 10.15

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Gujarat

Potential
Environmental Potential Controls though EMP Impact
S. No. source of
Component Impacts and Design Evaluation
Impact
again reused in cooling
tower.
Surface Rain water will be stored
Positive
runoff from and utilized in domestic
impact
site activities
Generation Proper treatment and
No adverse
of industrial evaporated in in-house
impact
waste water thermic evaporator

From flue
Flue gas gas stacks Providing APCM followed
No significant
Emission from (details are by Adequate Stack height
impact
(PM, SO2, NOx) given in ch- (details are given in ch-2)
2)

2. Air Quality Adequate wide approach

road is proposed for
Emissions
Particulate & smooth vehicular
from No significant
gaseous movement. Approach
vehicular impact
emissions road side plantation will
traffic.
further act as sink to
gaseous emission.
Wide road and ample
Operation
parking space will be
Phase No significant
provided. Vehicles with
Vehicles impact
inbuilt silencer will be
movement
allowed in the site.
Increase in Generators with inbuilt
3. Noise
noise level mufflers will be provided.
Ear plugs will be provided
D.G. sets No significant
to operators of D.G. set.
operations impact.
Periodic maintenance &
noise level monitoring of
DG.
Efficient solid/hazardous
Operation
waste collection and No significant
Phase
storage facility is impact
Solid waste
Land proposed.
4. Land like rubbish,
contamination Plantation will be made
paper,
on sites, road sides, on Positive
plastic
adjacent degraded forest impact
garbage etc.
and barren land.
Green belt will be
Operational
developed as per
Impact on Phase Positive
5. Biodiversity landscaping plan at site
Flora & Fauna Increase of impact
and periphery of the
green cover
boundary.

Chapter-10: Environment Management Plan 10.16

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Gujarat

Potential
Environmental Potential Controls though EMP Impact
S. No. source of
Component Impacts and Design Evaluation
Impact
Operational
Phase
Vehicular movement will
Traffic due
Increase of be regulated inside the
to
6. Traffic Pattern vehicular site with adequate roads Minor impact
commercial
movements and parking will be
once the site
provided.
is
operational
Socio-economic
Socio- Increase in Job Operational Positive
7. development through
Economic opportunities Phase impact
CSR activity will be made.

The Environmental Management Plan will be effectively implemented so that optimum

benefit could be achieved. The Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan will be
synchronized with the construction schedules.

10.10 ENVIRONMENT POLICY

Environment Policy includes-

 To ensure continuous improvement in environmental performance of our works
through protective Environmental management system.
 To comply with applicable legal and other requirements related to environmental
aspects.
 To conserve the resources particularly water, power by fixing and improving
consumption norms.
 To adopt concept of cleaner production.
 To ensure involvement of all employees and contractors in effective implementation
of Environment Management System through training and awareness.
 To promote awareness among local surrounding community for preservation and
maintaining clean environment.

10.11 ENVIRONMENTAL BUDGET

For environment protection and management and pollution control and treatment and
monitoring systems, appropriate budgetary provision would be made and provision for
recurring expenditure for environment management of the project would be made. The
details of budget allocation for proposed operation phase are given in below Table:

Chapter-10: Environment Management Plan 10.17

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Gujarat

Table 10.4: Budget Allocation for Environmental Management

considering worst case scenario
Capital Operating Maintenance Total
Sr. Cost Cost Cost Recurring
Unit Detail
No. (Rs. In (Rs. In (Rs. In Cost (Rs.
Lacs) Lacs) Lacs) In Lacs)
1 Waste Water ETP 1: 1.8 KLD 5.0 10 2.0 12.0
ETP 2: 1 KLD
2 Air Adequate stack 2.0 1.0 0.5 1.5
height
3 Hazardous Cost of designated 2.5 0.5 1.5 2.0
Management storage area,
storage, handling
and disposal cost
4 Noise Regular Noise 2.5 00 0.5 0.5
Monitoring &
Acoustic enclosure
of D.G. Set
5 Fire & Safety Fire hydrant 18 1.5 2.0 3.5
system
6 Environmental NABL laboratory 0.5 0.5 1.0 1.5
Monitoring for regular
monitoring
7 Green Belt Cost of tree 1.0 0.5 0.5 1.0
Development species, manure,
tree planting and
regular
maintenance
8 Occupational Cost of Designated 1.5 0.5 1.0 1.5
Health area with First aid
facilities, Periodical
medical check-up
through doctor/
hospital
9 Cost of PLC/ Manufacturing 10 2.0 1.0 3.0
SCADA process
Automation
system
10 CER cost Installation of solar 2.78 00 00 00
street lights in the
nearby village (10
Nos.)
Total 45.78 17.5 11.0 26.5

10.12 REPORTING SYSTEM OF NON COMPLIANCES/VIOLATIONS OF

ENVIRONMENTAL NORMS
Company will develop reporting systems of non-compliances/violations of environmental
norms. The mechanism is summarized below:

Chapter-10: Environment Management Plan 10.18

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Gujarat

1. Identify deviation/non-compliance/violation of environmental norms as lay down in

consent to operate and letter of Environmental clearance. Record to
communication/complain received from plausible stake holder.
2. The EHS officer will identify deviation/non-compliance/violation from failure to comply
with statutory requirements.
3. Respond from EHS manager within reasonable time limit to concern authorities with
c/c mark to Manager.
4. Manager will take it in action and give necessary guideline to comply any
deviation/non-compliance/violation of environmental norms. Parallel arrange budget
for necessary action to comply the condition.
5. Communication received from the EHS manager will be discussed in technical
management meeting.
6. Board discussion, Decision and Action

10.13 FINDINGS
From the foregoing sections it is clear that environmental considerations are foremost
during development of the project, at all the following levels:
 Project sitting
 Planning and design
 Project construction
 Post project operations

The following findings are to be mentioned:

 The Project will have no significant environmental impacts during operations.
 Project risks will be minimized through rigorous enforcement of international design
and operational standards.
 The environmental and safety aspects of the Project are straight forward and well
understood.
 A detailed environmental impact study is carried out. No further studies are required
to elaborate these subjects.

The EMP also provides for establishing, and maintaining a system of environmental
monitoring and auditing to ensure strict compliance of all the measures identified in the
EMP, and minimize adverse environmental and social impacts. Suitable provisions
related to environmental management will also be made in the construction contract

Chapter-10: Environment Management Plan 10.19

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Gujarat

agreement.

10.14 CONCLUSIONS
The project can cause minor impacts due to the various activities involved during
operational phase. However, strict adherence to the various mitigation measures as
identified under the EMP, strengthened by adequate environmental monitoring using
best available technology (BAT) and auditing will go a long way in effectively reducing
the impacts as to negligible levels.

During operation phase of the project, none of the routine activities will cause any
noticeable impact on any component of the environment, including the socio-economic
component. Provision of green belt and rain water harvesting, storm water management
and energy conservation will further facilitate in overall scenario management of
Environment.

Thus, it can be concluded on a positive note that after the implementation of the
mitigation measures and Environmental Management Plan, the proposed project will
have negligible impact on environment and will benefit the local people and economy.

Chapter-10: Environment Management Plan 10.20

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

CHAPTER – 11 PROJECT SUMMARY & CONCLUSIONS

11.1 INTRODUCTION
M/s. Krishna Chemicals is an existing unit located at Plot No.1703/4, Phase-IV,
Vitthal Udyog Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist.: Anand in Gujarat State for the production of
synthetic organic chemicals @ 8 MT/Month.

Now, looking to the market demand, unit intends to expand production capacity of
existing products and is proposing new products from 8 MT/Month to 310 MT/Month
at the same existing premises.

11.2 Project Description:

11.2.1 Environmental settings

Sr.
Environmental Sensitivities Actual Distance
No.
1 Residential Vitthal Udyog nagar @ 2.0 Km, NE
Mogri @ 1.25 km, ENE
Public buildings None within 10 km
Vitthal Udyog nagar @ 2.0 Km, NE
Inhabited sites
Mogri @ 1.21 km, ENE
Protected monuments, None within 10 km
Heritage sites None within 10 km
National / State Highway Gujarat SH-83 @ 1.68 km, N
NH-228 / SH-75 @ 3.8 km, SE
District roads / Public roads None within 10 km
Railway line / area Karamsad railway station @ 0.8 Km, N
Ropeway or Ropeway trestle or station None within 10 km
Bridges None within 10 km
Dams/ Reservoirs/ River/ Canal None within 10 km
Lakes / Tanks Mogri Lake @ 1.7 km, E
Gana Lake @ 1.9 km, S
2 Eco-Sensitive Zone None within 10 km
3 Distance of Coastal line from the site None within 10 km

Chapter-11: Project Summary and conclusion 11.1

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

11.2.2 Salient features of the Project

a. Name of the Project : M/s. Krishna Chemicals

b. Name of Applicant : Mr. Sureshbhai Bhikhubhai Korat (Partner)

c. Status : Proposed expansion project of synthetic organic

chemical
Existing: 08 MT/Month
Total after Expansion: 310MT/Month
d. Type of Land & Status : 100% industrial land.
e. Capital Investment of the : Existing: Rs. 0.80 Crore
Project, Rs. in Crore Proposed: Rs. 2.78 Crore
Total after expansion: 3.58 Crore
f. Capital Investment for EMP, : Rs. 45.78 Lakh
Rs. in Lacs
g. Recurring Cost for EMP, Rs. : Rs. 28.5 Lakh
in Lacs/Annum
h. Employment Opportunity : 10 persons
i. Greenbelt Development : Total 404 sq. mtr. (33%) [Inside premises: 245
sq. mtr. (20%, already developed) and GIDC
allotted plot: 159 sq. mtr. (13%, to be developed)]
j. Water Requirement : Total: 52.6 KLD (Domestic: 1.0 KLD, Industrial:
50.1 KLD, Gardening: 1.5 KLD)
Existing: 0.30 KLD (Domestic: 0.05 KLD,
Industrial: 0.25 KLD)
Proposed Addition: 52.3 KLD (Domestic: 0.95
KLD, Industrial: 49.85 KLD, Gardening: 1.5 KLD)
k. Source of air pollution : Existing: Thermic fluid heaters: 1 Lakh Kcal/hr
Proposed: Thermic fluid heaters: 4 Lakh Kcal/hr
D G Set: 62 KVA (1 No.)
l. Hazardous waste : Hazardous waste generated from the facility shall
management be disposed off in suitable manner as per the
Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and
Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016
m. Annual Expenditure for CSR : Annually carried out @1 % of net profit
activities
n. Annual Expenditure for CER : Rs. 2,78,000 @ 1% of Capital Investment as per
activities OM dated 01/05/2018 by MoEFCC

Chapter-11: Project Summary and conclusion 11.2

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

11.2.3 List of products:

Table : 11.1 List of Proposed Products

Quantity (MT/Month)
Sr.
Name of Products CAS No. Total after Uses
No. Existing Proposed
expansion
Unsaturated 8 242 250
1 --
Polyester Resin Micro coating
Orthophthalic Resin doors, water park
2 100-42-5
(Ortho phthalates) rides, anticorrosive
Isophthalic Resin tanks, photo
3 100-42-5
(Iso phthalates) lamination, FRP
4 Vinyl Ester Resin 100-42-5 industries & Home
Polyethylene décor industries.
5 100-42-5
terephthalate Resin
Phenol
6 9003-35-4 00 10 10 FRP Industries
Formaldehyde Resin
Solution Epoxy
7 25085-99-8 00 50 50 Paint Industries
Resin
Total 8 302 310

11.3 Description of Environment:

11.3.1 Baseline Environmental Study
The baseline quality of various components of the environment, viz. air, noise, water and
land, biology, meteorological and socio-economic is assessed within the impact zone of
about 10.0 km around the proposed site. The data collected during the sampling period of
three months during March, 2022 to May, 2022. Various environmental components were
monitored and samples were analyzed.

11.3.2 Air Environment

The locations for AAQM study were selected within the 10 km radius of the proposed plant.
Ambient air quality was monitored on 8 locations to generate representative ambient air
quality data.

AAQM was carried out and AAQM locations were monitored on 24 hourly average bases
twice in a week as per guidelines of CPCB and NAAQS. The conventional and project
specific parameters such as particulate matter PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOx, HC, VOC and CO
were monitored. Results are summarized below.

 PM10 levels were ranging from 62.0 to 79.0 µg/m 3. The lowest PM10 level was found at
Bhatiel and highest PM10 level were observed at Project Site. PM10 concentration was
within the NAAQS level (i.e.100 µg/m3) at all locations.
 PM2.5 levels were ranging from 34 to 49 µg/m3. The lowest PM2.5 level was found at
Napa Talpad and highest PM2.5 level was observed at Project Site. PM2.5

Chapter-11: Project Summary and conclusion 11.3

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

concentrations was found within the NAAQS level (i.e.60 µg/m 3) at all the locations.
 SO2 levels were ranging from 8.60 to 23.80 µg/m 3. The lowest SO2 level was found at
Napa Talpad and highest SO2 level was observed at Project Site. The SO2 level in all
the monitoring locations is within permissible limit i.e. NAAQS level 80µg/m 3.
 NOx levels were found ranging from 11.8 to 23.5 µg/m 3. The lowest NOx level was found
at Vadtal and highest NOx level were observed at Project Site. The NOx level in all
monitoring locations was under permissible limit i.e. NAAQS level 80 µg/m 3.
 VOC levels were found ranging from 0.74 to 1.08 µg/m 3. The lowest VOC level was
found at Bhatiel and highest VOC level were observed at Project Site.
 CO levels were found ranging from 0.48 to 0.88 mg/m 3. The lowest CO level was found
at project site and highest CO level were observed at Napa Talpad. The CO level in all
monitoring locations was under permissible limit i.e. NAAQS level 2 mg/m 3.

Conclusion:
The quality of ambient air in the study area is compared with AAQM Standards
prescribed by CPCB & found below the prescribed standards.

11.3.3 Noise Environment

A total of 8 locations were identified for ambient noise monitoring in the study area.

Observation on Ambient Noise Quality:

The noise levels varied in the study area during day time from 48.2 dB(A) Leq to 71.5
dB(A) Leq and during night time from 38.4 dB(A) Leq to 64.2 dB(A) Leq. The highest noise
level 71.5 dB(A) Leq during day time is observed at project site and lowest noise level 38.4
dB(A) at Vallabh Vidhya Nagar in the study area is within the noise Limits.

Based on the observations made during the studies, it is concluded that; the noise levels
recorded at various locations in the study area show considerable fluctuations because of
changes in traffic movement, commercial and other domestic activities in the study area.
Overall the ambient noise level in the monitored locations was found to be within the
permissible limits stipulated for residential, industrial areas, silence and commercial zone.

Chapter-11: Project Summary and conclusion 11.4

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

11.3.4 Water Environment

[Link] Ground Water Quality

Water samples were collected from tap water from 8 village locations once during the study
period and analyzed for physico-chemical parameters.

Observation on Ground water quality:

 All the samples meet the desirable standards (pH ranges from 7.25 to 7.81).
 TDS in samples ranges from 864 mg/L (Vadtal) to 1176 mg/L (Project Site). All the
samples meet the permissible limit of 2000 mg/L.
 Magnesium content in the water ranges from 113 mg/L (Napa Talpad) to 145 mg/L
(Project site). All the samples meet the permissible limit of 100 mg/L.
 Sulphates content in the water ranges from 102 mg/L (Napa Talpad) to 155 mg/L
(Project site). All the samples meet the permissible limit of 400 mg/L for drinking water.
 Fluorides content in the water ranges from 0.05 mg/L (Vadtal) to 0.18 mg/L (Project
site). All the samples meet the permissible limit of 1.5 mg/L for drinking water.
 Total alkalinity in the water samples ranges from 205 mg/L (Mogri) to 280 mg/L (Project
site). All the samples are within the permissible limit of drinking water (600 mg/L).
 Chlorides range from 177 mg/L (Mogri) to 228 mg/L (Project Site), which are below
permissible limits (1000 mg/L).
 Heavy metals like Copper, Nickel, Fluorides, Cadmium and Zinc are well below the limit
in all samples.

Hence, it can be observed that ground water qualities in terms of various essential and
desirable characteristics are found within the limits specified by IS 10500:2012. This water
is utilized in villages for domestic activities.

[Link] Surface Water Quality:

The baseline quality of water based on the results of the surface water quality monitoring
within the study area, it is observed that,
 pH ranges from 7.18 to 7.9.
 Turbidity was found to be higher than the permissible limits at all the locations.
 TDS in samples ranges from 565 mg/L (Pond of Napa Talpad) to 622 mg/L (Pond of
Mogri). All the samples meet the permissible limit of 2000 mg/L.
 Total Alkalinity in the samples ranges from 215 mg/L (Gomti Lake of Vadtal Village) to
250 mg/L (Pond of Navli). All the Samples were found to be higher than the desirable
limit but are within the permissible limit.

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 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

 Total Hardness in the samples ranges from 105 mg/L (Gomti Lake of Vadtal Village)
to 145 mg/L (Pond of Gopalpura). Samples from all the monitoring location were
found to be higher than the desirable limit but are within the permissible limit.
 Calcium content in the sample ranges from 58 mg/L (Gomti Lake of Vadtal Village) to
82 mg/L (Pond of Bhatiel). Samples from Bhatiel Pond and Pond of Gopalpura were
found to be higher than the desirable limit but are within the permissible limit.
 Sulphates content in the water ranges from 75 mg/L (Pond of Mogri) to 128 mg/L
(Pond of Napa Talpad). All the samples meet the permissible limit of 400 mg/L for
drinking water.
 Chlorides content in the samples were monitored to be within the desirable limits as
per IS: 10500 - 2012
 Heavy metals like Copper, Nickel, Fluorides, Cadmium and Zinc are well below the
limit in all samples.
Hence, it can be observed that surface water qualities in terms of various essential and
desirable characteristics are found within the limits specified by IS 10500:2012, except
Sea water sample. It is observed from the surface water analysis of the study area and
compared with classes for designated use of fresh Water Standards, that samples of
study area at all the villages are suitable for “D Class” i.e. Propagation of Wild life and
Fisheries.

11.3.5 Soil Quality

Soil sampling was conducted once during the study period of winter season. 8 soil samples
were collected from selected locations in the vicinity of the proposed project.

Observation on soil quality:

It is observed from the analysis report that;
 A Particle size of the different constituents (clay, silt and sand) controls the porosity
and water holding characteristic of the soil. Clay (size<0.002 mm) amount in the soil
samples ranges from 24 % to 34%; Silt (size 0.002 to 0.075 mm) in the soil samples is
10% to 22% and Sand (size 0.075 to 0.475 mm) in the soil samples is 10% to 22%.
 Water holding capacity ranging from 38.2 to 44.8 %, Analysis shows that the soil has
moderate water holding capacity.
 Taxonomically soils are mostly sandy clay.
 pH of the soil found to be in the ranges from 7.18 to 8.22.

Chapter-11: Project Summary and conclusion 11.6

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

 Total nitrogen ranges from 165 to 215 mg/kg, Available potassium ranges from 2.6 to
4.2 mg/kg and phosphorous ranges from 1.28 to 1.86 mg/kg, which shows soil of the
study area found semi fertile.

11.3.6 Biological Environment

The ecological study was undertaken to understand the present status of ecosystem of the
area, to predict changes as a result of proposed activities and to suggest measures for
maintaining the conditions. Baseline data for flora & fauna has been collected with its
family. It is observed during site visit that floral and faunal species encountered are quite
common and found everywhere. It was found that, none of the species of conservation
importance exists in the study area and no endangered species found in the study area.

11.3.7 Socio-Economic Environment

Socio-economic study includes description of demography, available basic amenities like
housing, health care services, transportation, education facilities. Information on the above
said parameters has been collected to define the socio-economic profile of the study area
(10-km radius).
The expansion of the proposed project will generate direct & indirect employment during
the operation phase. The indirect employment may include the transportation workers,
shopkeepers and other casual employment. Depending on the education, skilled and
unskilled workers would be hired. Local residents would be given priority for the
employment. Education, medical and housing facilities in the study area will be
considerably improved due to the upcoming project. Thus, the project will have significant
positive impact on the employment patterns of the study area.

11.4 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

The project activities will interact with various valued Environmental Components viz., air,
water, soil, land, flora & fauna, etc. The components that may be affected due to the
proposed manufacturing of synthetic organic chemicals and require focused evaluation are
summarized below, considering both construction phase as well as operation phase of the
project:

Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures During Construction Phase

There will not be any significant environmental impacts on Air Environment, Noise
Environment, Land Environment, Solid and Hazardous waste, Site Security and Safety,
Water Environment, Soil Environment, Socio-economic Environment, Health and Well-
being of Construction Workers, because there is minimal construction work involved in the

Chapter-11: Project Summary and conclusion 11.7

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

proposed project. For the total production, required facilities will be utilized like storage tank
and pumps etc. will be installed & some foundation work will also be carried out as per
requirement.

Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures During Operation Phase

a) Impacts on Air Environment and its mitigation measures
There is a generation of flue gas emission like PM10, PM2.5, SO2 and NOx from natural gas
operated thermic fluid heater and diesel operated D G set within premises; adequate stack
height and adequate APCM will be provided to control flue gas emission.

AERMOD View-Lake Environmental Software, which is a Gaussian-Plume atmospheric

dispersion algorithm for estimating concentration of pollutant, has been used to predict the
Ground Level Concentrations (GLC’s) of PM10, SO2, and NOx due to plant activity. The
GLC’s were predicted on 24 hourly average bases keeping in view the prescribed national
ambient air quality standards (NAAQS).

The prediction results corresponding to PM10, SO2 and NOx indicate that the air quality
impacts with respect to pollutants exclusively from the projects would be insignificant and
the post-project status shall remain under prescribed NAAQS for Industrial, Residential and
other areas.

Also, during the operation phase of the project, the impacts on air quality due to vehicular
emissions will be very less. Considering the nature of activities, which the project will result,
less number of vehicular movements within the site and low threshold values, air pollution
is not expected to be a major concern.

b) Impacts on Water Environment and its mitigation measures

At present, the source of fresh water is GIDC and the same source will be continued after
the proposed expansion. At present, water requirement is 0.30 KLD, which will be increase
up to 52.6 KLD. At present, Domestic water requirement is 0.05 KLD, which will be
increase up to 1.0 KLD and industrial water requirement will be increase from 0.250 KLD
to 50.1 KLD. For gardening purpose, water requirement will be 1.5 KLD.

Total water requirement after proposed expansion will be 52.6 KLD, out of which 12.8
KLD will be fresh water and 39.8 KLD (38 KLD Condensate Water + 1.8 KLD Reuse
water) will be recycle water. Domestic wastewater generations will be 0.8 KLD, which will
be treated in ETP-1 consisting primary, secondary & tertiary treatment along with industrial
waste water generated from cooling blow down. Total 1.0 KLD industrial wastewater
generated from process and washing will be treated in ETP-2 consisting fanton reactor

Chapter-11: Project Summary and conclusion 11.8

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

where COD/BOD load will be reduced. After sludge separation it will be stored in storage
tank from where it will be evaporated in thermic evaporator. Hence, unit will achieve Zero
Liquid discharge (ZLD).
c) Impacts on Land Environment and its mitigation measures
The Project site is located in Anand District. Out of total area of the project site is 1222 m2.
The unit will develop greenbelt in area of 404 m 2 (33% of the total area), out of which unit
has already developed greenbelt in area of 245 m2 (i.e. 20% of the total area) inside the
plant premises and 159 m2 (i.e. 13%) of the green belt would be developed on GIDC
allotted plot. Thus total of 33% green belt would be developed by the unit.

The green area development and tree plantation will help in reducing soil erosion and noise
pollution.

There are no major sources of land contamination from waste spillage. Designated
hazardous waste storage area having separate storage part for each waste will be
provided with leachate collection system and top cover.

Empty drums and bags will be sent to authorized vendors for further recycle purpose, while
used oil will be sold to registered recycler. ETP sludge and evaporation salt will be sent to
TSDF site.

Hazardous waste generated from the facility shall be disposed-off in suitable manner as
per the Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules,
2016. Proper housekeeping practices will adopt to avoid any kind of land contamination.
The record of all the hazardous wastes generation and disposal shall be maintained.

d) Impacts on Solid and hazardous water and its mitigation measures

Used/Spent oil, discarded Containers/bags, Process sludge, ETP Sludge and evaporation salt
will be the hazardous waste generated from plant.

Hazardous waste generated from the facility shall be disposed-off in suitable manner as
per the Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules,
2016.

Used/Spent Oil are disposed to registered recycler. Discarded Containers/bags are sell to
authorized vendor. ETP sludge and evaporation salt will be disposed at TSDF site.

Solid waste management includes following:

 Measures to minimize waste generation
 Operation of waste handling, treatment and disposal facilities

Chapter-11: Project Summary and conclusion 11.9

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

e) Impacts on Socio-Economic Environment and its mitigation measures

Impact:
The expansion for the proposed project will have some positive impact on the industrial
growth in the region. Proposed project will provide direct employment to 10 (existing 06 +
proposed 04) people whereas it will provide employment to many others indirectly
Mitigation Measures:
The overall project will have a long term benefit and hence no mitigation measure is
required. However, as per the skills, preference to local people shall be given in
employment.

f) Impacts on Ecology and Biodiversity and its mitigation measures

Impact:
The project activity does not require tree cutting during land clearing. also, the study zone
(10 km) does not have any ecologically sensitive location and hence, the plant activities are
not expected to have any impact on the ecology and biodiversity.

Mitigation Measures:
A total of 404 m2 area has been earmarked for greenbelt development, which will help in
development of biodiversity. Out of which unit has already developed greenbelt in area of
245 m2 (i.e. 20% of the total area) inside the plant premises and 159 m 2 (i.e. 13%) of the
green belt would be developed on GIDC allotted plot. Thus total of 33% green belt would
be developed by the unit.

The indigenous plants shall be planted along with ornamental trees/shrubs to provide an
aesthetic environment within and around the plant. The maintenance of the greenbelt
developed shall be ensured and survival rate of the plants shall also be studied every half
yearly.

11.5 Environment Monitoring Program

For environment monitoring, Unit will spend Rs. 0.5 Lakh as a capital cost and 1.5 Lakh as
recurring cost (Annually). Environmental Monitoring should be carried out on regular basis
during operation phase of the project. Details are given below.

Component Parameters Location Frequency

Two within premises
Ambient Air PM10, PM2.5, SO2, Nox,
and one outside the Quarterly
Quality CO, VOC
gate.
Point Source
PM, SO2, NOx TFH & D G set Twice in a year
Emissions
Water quality As per IS 10500 Intake source Twice in a year

Chapter-11: Project Summary and conclusion 11.10

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

Component Parameters Location Frequency

Wastewater
General parameters Treated and untreated Twice in a year
Analysis
At prominent places in
Noise level Noise levels Quarterly
the premises
Occupational Regularly check
All relevant parameters All workers
health ups
Hazardous waste General parameters ETP sludge Annually

11.6 Additional Studies

11.6.1 Risk Assessment and safety Management
Risk analysis and study have been carried out for identification of accident hazards,
selection of credible scenarios, Risk Mitigation measures etc. All the hazardous chemicals
will be stored and handled as per MSDS guidelines. The detail study is prescribed in
Chapter-7.

11.7 Project Benefits

The Project will create direct & indirect employment opportunities within the surrounding
region. In construction phase many people will get temporary employment. In operation
phase, the proposed project would require significant workforce of non-technical and
technical persons at around 10 (existing 06 + proposed 04). Industry will provide 1% of the
project cost i.e. 2.78 Lakh towards the Corporate Environmental Responsibility (CER),
which will be utilized within three years after commissioning of the plant.

11.8 Environment Management Plan

An Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is prepared to mitigate and manage various
environmental impacts identified. The EMP presents the project specific guidelines

11.8.1 Management of Air Environment

To control fugitive emissions following measures are recommended:

 Controlled emissions and provision of PPE for the workers.
 Adequate measures for the minimization/prevention of the fugitive emission.
 Regular maintenance of valves, pumps and other equipment to prevent leakage.
 Entire process is carried out in the closed reactors with proper maintenance of pressure
and temperature.
 Regular periodic monitoring of work area to check the fugitive emission.
 Adequate stack heights as per the CPCB estimation will be provides at all locations to
reduce GLCs of pollutants.

Chapter-11: Project Summary and conclusion 11.11

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

 Greenbelt development is implemented to mitigate impacts from fugitive emissions.

About 33% (already developed 20% inside premises + to be developed at 13% GIDC
allotted area) of the total area of site area will be developed for greenbelt.
 Air Pollution Control System will be installed in the plant.

11.8.2 Management of Noise

To minimize the noise pollution, the unit proposes the following noise control measures:
 Manufacturers / suppliers of major noise generating machines / equipments like air
compressors, feeder pumps, etc. will be instructed to make required design
modifications wherever possible before supply and installation to mitigate the noise
generation and to comply with the national / international regulatory norms with respect
to noise generation.
 Periodic maintenance of machinery and vehicles will be undertaken to reduce the noise
impact.
 Noise suppression measures such as enclosures, buffers and / or protective measures
will be provided (wherever noise level is more than 75 dB (A)).
 Employees will be provided with Personal Protective Equipments like earplugs or
earmuffs, wherever required.
 Extensive oiling, lubrication and preventive maintenance will be carried out or the
machineries and equipments to reduce noise generation.
 The green belt area developed within industrial premises and around the periphery to
prevent the noise pollution in surrounding area.
 Noise monitoring will be carried out to check the efficacy of maintenance schedules
undertaken to reduce noise levels and noise protection measures.
 Good quality digital sound level meter will be in place to monitor noise level.

11.8.3 Management of Water Environment

The mitigation measures for minimizing the impacts on water environment in general
includes following:
 Optimum utilization of water resource.
 Minimize waste generation.
 Reuse/recycle and disposal.
 Use of high-pressure hoses for cleaning the floor to reduce the amount of wastewater
generated.
 Reducing the actual process water consumption by way of improvement in operation of
processing units.

Chapter-11: Project Summary and conclusion 11.12

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

 Unit processes to collect rain water during the monsoon and use for various purpose.
11.8.4 Management of Land Environment
It is recommended that plantation be made on sites, road sides and on barren land. Such a
development of greenbelt and plantation of shrubs and trees will not only significantly
reduce or mitigate adverse impacts due to aerosols and gaseous pollutants, noise, odor
and nuisance etc., but also, serve as shelter belts for avifauna, stabilize and improve soil
permeability and aesthetic environment.

11.8.5 Management of Solid/Hazardous Waste

Waste is an unavoidable by product of human activity. Economic development, rapid
urbanization & improved living standards have led to the increase in quantity & complexity
of the waste generated. Proper disposal of waste is essential for preservation and
improvement of public health.

Solid waste management is one of the most essential services for maintaining the quality of
life in the plant and for ensuring better standards of health and sanitation. Solid waste
generated in the plant area can be handled under two main categories, namely domestic
wastes and industrial wastes. Effective measures will be taken to effectively implement the
solid waste management systems in the plant. Solid waste will be handed over to
authorized vendor for disposal.

The Hazardous waste like Discarded Containers, Bags with liner, ETP sludge, evaporation
sludge, process sludge etc. will be handled as per Hazardous and other Wastes
(Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016. Discarded Containers and
Bags will be sold to registered recycler having decontamination facility.

The Waste Management plan includes:

 Waste Inventory
 Classification of waste
 Packaging, Storing and Transporting Wastes to Disposal site
 Data Management and Reporting - Personnel Training
 Waste Minimization

11.8.6 Management of Hazardous Raw materials

During the operation period, Hazardous raw materials, especially solvents will be handled
with care and precautions. SOP will be followed for handling the chemicals. Minimum
possible storage will be provided for chemicals. Detailed physical and chemical

Chapter-11: Project Summary and conclusion 11.13

 Krishna Chemicals
Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report for
Plot no. 1703/4, Phase – IV,
Proposed expansion project of Synthetic Organic Chemicals
V.U. Nagar GIDC, Ta. & Dist. Anand, Guajrat

characteristics, handling and management of hazardous chemicals are given in chapter-7.

Storage inventory is given in chapter-2.

11.8.7 Management of Biological Environment

 No trash/non-biodegradable materials should be dumped outside the project site.
 Domestic wastewater (sewage) along with cooling blow down water will be treated in
ETP-1. Waste water from washing and process will be treated in ETP-2. No
contaminated water will be allowed to enter the surrounding environment or surface
water body.
 Green belt will be developed all along the boundary of the installation by choosing fast
growing and resistant varieties suitable to the soil conditions in the site (native plants)
and special care will be taken to maintain it.
 Survival rate of the planted trees will be closely monitored in the green belt and the
trees which could not survive should be counted.
 There will be a waste management plan developed for categorization and handling of
wastes.

11.8.8 Management of Socio-economic factors

 In order to mitigate the impacts likely to arise out of the proposed activity and also to
maintain goodwill of local people for the proposed activity, it is necessary to take steps
for improving the social environment. Necessary social welfare measures by the
industry will be useful in gaining public confidence depending on local requirement.
 Unit will provide direct employment to 10 (existing 06 + proposed 04) people whereas it
will provide employment to many others indirectly
 Formal and informal training to be provided to the employees of the nearby villages on
priority basis.
 Personal protective facilities like helmets, safety (gas) mask / safety dress, shoes etc.
are ensured for all workers, engaged in operation.

11.9 CONCLUSIONS
It can be concluded on a positive note that due to the adequate provision and efficient
operation of proposed environmental management systems and after implementation of
the proposed mitigation measures and environmental management plans, the project
activities would have negligible impacts on the environment, and on balance the project
would be beneficial to surrounding communities and the region.

Chapter-11: Project Summary and conclusion 11.14