Basics of Remote Sensing
What is remote sensing ?
• Remote – away
from or at a
distance
• Sensing – detecting
a property or
characteristic
Process: Source of energy
What is remote sensing ?
• Remote – away
from or at a
distance
• Sensing – detecting
a property or
characteristic
INTERPRETATION
House/Hut
• Remote sensing requirement:
• Source of radiation
• Object to be detected
• Platform, Sensor and method of analysis
The term "remote sensing," first used in the United
States in the 1950s by [Link] Pruitt of the U.S.
Office of Naval Research.
is now commonly used to describe the science—and
art—of identifying, observing, and measuring an
object without coming into direct contact with it..
– “The art and science of obtaining information
about an object without being in direct contact
with the object” (Jensen 2000).
Planck’s Law Intensity of Radiation vs. Wavelength
The intensity (I) of electromagnetic radiation at a given
wavelength ( ) is a complicated function of the wavelength and
the temperature (T). h plank’s constant 6.626 x 10^-34 (J.s)
k Boltzmann’s constant 1.380 x 10^-23 (J.K^-1). c velocity of light
2.998 x 10^8 (m.s^-1)
Power density is the amount of power (time rate of energy transfer) per unit
volume.
Solar irradiance ( Power of EM radiation incident per unit area on a surface.
Almost 90 percent of energy is in range of .28 to 4.96 micrometer)
About 43 percent radiation is in visible wavelength ( .4 to .7)
Maximum energy is 0.48 i.e green wave length
Spectral Characteristics of Energy Sources and Sensing Systems
IR
4 µm
11 µm
What are components of Remote Sensing
OR What are the processes in remote sensing
Energy Source or Illumination (A)
Radiation and the Atmosphere (B)
Interaction with the Target (C)
Recording of Energy by the Sensor (D)
Transmission, Reception, and Processing (E)
Interpretation and Analysis (F)
Application (G)
Requirement:
Source: Canadian Centre for Remote Sensing
Source of energy - Sun
Object – Ground features
Sensor – camera etc
Data processing- covert data to a usable form
Image- Interpretation
Remote Sensing
Definition of remote sensing
Remote sensing is the branch of science delivering information about
objects through the analysis of data collected by spectral instruments that
are not in physical contact with the objects of investigation.
The detection and
recording instruments
for this technology
are known as remote
sensors. The object
being monitored is
called target.
Effects of Atmosphere on the
electromagnetic spectrum: Atmospheric windows for
Remote Sensing
Links:
[Link]
[Link]
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WHAT are different type of remote sensing?
Classification of Remote sensing:
Based on spectral region:
Optical/IR remote sensing ( 0.4 to 8.0 micometer)
Thermal remote sensing ( 8 to 12 micrometer)
Microwave remote sensing ( .3 to 100 GHz)
The micrometre ( μm) also commonly known as a micron, is
unit of length equalling 1×10−6 metre
[Link]
[Link]
remote-sensing
[Link]
photos/tutorial-fundamentals-remote-sensing/9309
Further suggested reading
[Link]
[Link]
Chapter 1: Remote sensing by Campbell and Wyne
Question Bank
1. What is remote sensing?
2. What are three main electromagnetic region of remote sensing.
3. Explain Planck’s law. What is peak wavelength of emitted radiation
from sun and earth.
4. Explain Components of Remote sensing