St’ Lideta Business & Health Science College
Department of Nursing
Statistics and survey Assignment
Name: Yabisera Getachewu
ID Number 0366/15
SUMITTED TO: Abrham T. 03\07\2024 GC
Addis ABEBA:Ethiopia
1. a. The variable of interest in the study is the age of patients who come to
the hospital for emergency reasons.
b. The type of the variable is a categorical variable because it categorizes
patients into two groups: those aged 15 years or less and those older than
15 years.
c. Since the variable is categorical, the appropriate measure of central tendency is
the mode, which represents the category with the highest frequency. In this
case, the mode would be patients aged 15 years or less, as they constitute
30% of the total number of patients who came for emergency reasons.
2. a. The most appropriate graphical method to display the distribution of diarrhea
in an outbreak investigation would be a histogram or a bar chart. These graphs
can effectively show the frequency or proportion of diarrhea cases across
different categories or time periods, helping to identify patterns and trends in
the outbreak.
b. For the weight of newborns in a health center, a histogram or a box plot would
be suitable. These graphs allow for the visualization of the distribution of
weights, including measures of central tendency and variability.
c. The marital status of pregnant women attending ANC could be effectively
displayed using a bar chart or a pie chart. These graphs can show the
proportion of pregnant women in each marital status category, providing a
clear overview of the distribution.
d. Treatment failure among TB patients could be displayed using a stacked bar
chart or a segmented bar chart. These graphs can illustrate the proportion of
patients who experienced treatment failure compared to those who
successfully completed treatment or experienced other outcomes, helping to
visualize the effectiveness of TB treatment programs.
3.
A)
DBP in Freque Relative Cumulative Class Upper Lower class
mmHg ncy frequency relative mid- class limit
frequency point limit
Below 65 60 60/1500 = 0.04 0.04 65 65
65-74 270 270/1500 = 0.18 0.04 + 0.18 = 0.22 69.5 74 65
75-84 540 540/1500 = 0.36 0.22 + 0.36 = 0.58 79.5 84 75
85-94 420 420/1500 = 0.28 0.58 + 0.28 = 0.86 89.5 94 85
95-104 150 150/1500 = 0.10 0.86 + 0.10 = 0.96 99.5 104 95
105-115 45 45/1500 = 0.03 0.96 + 0.03 = 0.99 110 115 105
Above 115 15 15/1500 = 0.01 0.99 + 0.01 = 1.00 120 115
B) To find the percentile hypertensive, we need to calculate the cumulative relative
frequency for the DBP equal to
or greater than 95 mmHg.
From the table, we have:
Cumulative relative frequency for DBP 95-104 mmHg = 0.04 + 0.18 + 0.36 + 0.28
= 0.86
Cumulative relative frequency for DBP 105-115 mmHg = 0.86 + 0.10 = 0.96
Cumulative relative frequency for DBP above 115 mmHg = 0.96 + 0.03 = 0.99
So, the cumulative relative frequency for DBP 95 mmHg and above is 0.99.
c) (i) True. Since the median is the value that splits the data set into two equal
halves, it is not affected by extreme values or the shape of the distribution.
Therefore, it will be the same for both sexes.
(ii) True. If we assume that the distribution of DBP is similar between men and
women, then the proportion of hypertensive individuals (those with DBP 95
mmHg and above) will be the same for both sexes.
(iii) False. If the standard deviation (SD) of DBP for women is the same as that
for men (as given in the question), then the variability of DBP is not
necessarily higher for women. The standard deviation is a measure of the
dispersion of data points around the mean, and it is the same for both men
and women in this scenario.
(iv) False. If the standard deviation of DBP is the same for women as for men,
then the variability of DBP is not lower for women either. The variability, as
measured by the standard deviation, remains the same between the two
groups if their SDs are equal.
4. Since there are 6 days excluding Sunday, the total rainfall for those 6 days is
6×0.5=3 inches.
Including Sunday, there are 7 days in total. So, the total rainfall for the week is
7×1.5=10.5 inches.
equation to find the rainfall on Sunday:
3+x=10.5
olve for x: x=10.5−3
x=7.5 inches.
5. Original Data: 74, 77, 73, 75, 77, 78
Corrected Data: 740, 77, 73, 75, 77, 78
Let's analyze the effect on each statistical measure:
Mean: Original Mean: (74 + 77 + 73 + 75 + 77 + 78) / 6 = 454 / 6 = 75.67 Corrected
Mean: (740 + 77 + 73 + 75 + 77 + 78) / 6 = 1120 / 6 = 186.67
Corrected Median: Since there are 6 data points, the median is the average of
the two middle values, which are 75 and 77. Median = (75 +
77) / 2 = 76
The median is also affected by the change in the value of 74 to 740.
Standard Deviation (SD): Calculating the standard deviation involves the differences
between each data point and the mean. Since the mean
changes significantly due to the error, the standard
deviation will also change.
Interquartile Range (IQR):
Original Data Sorted: 73, 74, 75, 77, 77, 78
Q1 = 73, Q3 = 77
IQR = Q3 - Q1 = 77 - 73 = 4
Corrected Data Sorted: 73, 75, 77, 77, 78, 740
Q1 = 73, Q3 = 77
IQR = Q3 - Q1 = 77 - 73 = 4
In summary, the mean and median are significantly affected by the extreme value of
740, while the standard deviation changes accordingly. However, the interquartile
range remains unchanged.