6.3.1 Chain Riveting: In chain riveting the rivets are arranged as shown in Fig. 6.1 and in the figure 1-1, 2-2 and 3-3 shows sections on either side of the joint. Section 1-1 is the critical section as compared to the other section. At section 2-2 is equal to the strength of plate in tearing at 2-2 plus strength of three rivets in bearing or shearing whichever is less at 1-1. At section 3-3 is equal to the strength of plate in tearing at 3-3 plus strength of rivets in bearing or shearing whichever is less (6 nos.). Therefore, Strength of plate in tearing at 1-1 = (b-3D).t.-py Where b= width of the plate; D=Gross diameter of the rivet and t=Thickness of the plate. When safe load carried by the joint (P) is known, width of the plate can be found as follows; Pp bay 30) 6.3.2 Diamond Riveting: In diamond riveting, rivets are arranged as shown in Fig.6.2. All the rivets are arranged symmetrically about the centre line of the plate. Section 1-1 is the critical section. Strength of the plate in tearing in diamond riveting section 1-1 can be computed as follows5 DESIGN PROCEDURE FOR RIVETED JOINT For the design of a lap joint or butt joint, the thickness of plates to be joined is known and the joints are designed for the full strength of the plate. For the design of a structural steel work, force (pull or push) to be transmitted by the joint is known and riveted joints can be designed. Following are the usual steps for the design of the riveted joint: Step 1: ‘The size of the rivet is determined by the Unwin’s formula @=60nF ‘Where d= nominal diameter of rivet in mm and t= thickness of plate in mm. The diameter of the rivet computed is rounded off to available size of rivets. Rivets are manufactured in nominal diameters of 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 27, 30, 33, 36, 39, 42 and 48mm Step 2: ‘The strength of rivets in shearing and bearing are computed. Working stresses in rivets and plates are adopted as per ISI. Rivet value R is found. For designing lap joint or butt joint tearing strength of plate is determined as follows Pe(p-D)tpt ‘Where p=pitch of rivets adopted, t=thickness of plate and pr = working stress in direct tension for plate. Tearing strength of plate should not exceed the rivet value R (Ps or P, whichever is less) or @-D).t.p SR From this relation pitch of the rivets is determined. Step 3: In structural steel work, force to be transmitted by the riveted joint and the rivet value are known. Hence number of rivets required can be computed as follows umber of rivets required inthe joint m x FOr Foy ‘River value The number of rivets thus obtained is provided on one side of the joint and an equal number of rivets is provided on the other side of joint also. Step 4: For the design of joint in a tie member consisting of a flat, width/thickness of the flat is known. The section is assumed to be reduced by rivet holes depending upon the arrangements of the rivets to be provided, strength of flat at the weakest section is equated to the pull transmitted by the joint. For example, assuming the section to be weakened by one rivet and also assuming that the thickness of the flat is known we have (@-D).tp=PExample 6.1: A single riveted lap joint is used to connect plate 10 mm thick. If 20 mm diameter rivets are used at 55 mm pitch, determine the strength of joint and its efficiency. Working stress in shear in rivets=80 N/mm? (MPa). Working stress in bearing in rivets=250 N/mm? (MPa). Working stress in axial tension in plates=156 N/mm2. Solution Assume that power driven field rivets are used. Nominal diameter of rivet (D) is 20 mm and gross diameter of rivet is 21.5 mm. Strength of rivet in single shear = (m/4) x 21.52 x 80/1000 Ps = 29,044 kN Strength of rivet in bearing = 21.5 x 10 x 250/1000 Ph = = 53.750 kN Strength of plate in tension per gauge length = P;=(p-D).t.p; Pt = (55-21.5) x 10 x 156/1000 = 52.260 kN Strength of joint is minimum of Ps, Pp or Pt Therefore, the strength of joint is = 29.044 kN Efficiency of joint nw SETENGEH Of joint per pitch iength “Strength of solid plate * 200 29.044 x 103 9 Sec I0 K1Se * 100 = 3385 %