THE EXTENT OF INFLUENCE OF FACTORS ON CIGARETTE SMOKING AMONG

COLLEGE STUDENTS

An Undergraduate Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the Department of Criminal

Justice Education UM Digos College

In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree Bachelor of Science in

Criminology

By

PRINCE T. ROCACORBA

ERRON S. FRANCISCO

MARY JANE REPONTE

October 2023

APPROVAL SHEET
This research entitled “THE EXTENT OF INFLUENCE OF FACTORS ON CIGARETTE

SMOKING AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS” prepared and submitted by PRINCE T.

ROCACORBA, ERRON S. FRANCISCO, MARY JANE REPONTE in partial fulfillment

of the requirements for the subject CRI 300 (Criminological Research) has been

examine and is hereby recommended for acceptance and approval.

DR. HIPOLITO B. QUILLIP, JR., PhD

Adviser
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

Title page ……………………………………………………………………………… i

Approval Sheet ………………………………………………………………………. ii

Table of Contents ……………………………………………………………………. iii

CHAPTER

Introduction ………………………………………………………………. 1

Method ……………………………………………………………………. 2

Respondent

Design and Procedure

Instrument
 THE EXTENT OF INFLUENCE OF FACTORS ON CIGARETTE SMOKING AMONG

COLLEGE STUDENTS

INTRODUCTION

Nowadays, the youth hold enormous potential for the future of our nation. Since

adolescence is a time of independence, it is a period of personal exploration. Our

freedom to be ourselves and behave what we like. Young people in this new generation

are committing various vices, such as smoking, drinking alcohol, hanging out, and even

having sex without first being married and having parental supervision. While youth

refers to a person's stage of life, it also frequently refers to the period of time between

childhood and adulthood. It can also refer to the attributes of youth, such as

appearance, vigor, spirit, etc. Since youth is not defined as a stage that occurs

throughout time, its definitions of a certain age range vary. As immature people can

exist at any age, a person's true maturity may not match their chronological age. A

person's degree of dependency can be shaped by their experiences as a young person

in a variety of ways depending on their cultural background. An individual's personal

experience is defined by their cultural norms and traditions, but a youth's degree of

dependency refers to how much they still rely on their family for both emotional and

financial support. According to Wikipedia, smoking is one of the most common forms of

recreational drug use. Tobacco smoking is the most popular form, being practiced by

over one billion people globally, of who is the majority are in the developing world. Less
common drugs for smoking include cannabis and opium. Some of the substances are

classified as hard narcotics, like heroin, but the use of these is very limited as they are

usually not commercially available. Wikipedia (2015).

In addition to the fore mentioned statements of Polito, J.R. that people who have

schizophrenia commonly hear voices, while dependent smokers sense want for more

nicotine. Although the title of this article sounds horrible, romanticizing smoking while

denying the existence or true nature of dependency dooms millions to early graves. The

good news is that freedom from nicotine is vastly more regarding than the dread-filled

message playing inside the fooled addict’s captive mind. Polito, J.R. (2014)

According to Dr. Nora D. Volkow, Director of the U.S. National Institute on Drug Abuse

(NIDA), "drug addiction is a mental illness. It is a complex brain disease characterized

by compulsive, at times uncontrollable drug craving, seeking, and use despite

devastating consequence-behaviors that stem from drug-induced changes in brain

structure and function. Polito, J.R. (2014)

Statement of the Problem

The study will radiate and direct about the Extent of Influence of Factors on

Cigarette Smoking among College Students. It specifically aims to answer the following:
 1. What is the factor extent of influence of factors on cigarette smoking among the

college students in UM Digos College in terms of the:

1.1 Experience through the influence of the family?

1.2 Environmental factors?

1.3 Experience and learned through friends?

2. What are the cause and effects of cigarette smoking in terms of:

2.1 Daily smoking or being a chain smoker?

2.2 Using narcotics and drugs to add appetite in doing addiction?

2.3 Health issues and its side effects to the body?

3. Is there any major connecting in focusing to the study entitled the extent of

influence of factors on cigarette smoking among college students in UM Digos

College in beneficial to the subject?

Theoretical Framework

Lay theories literature (e.g Dweck, 2012), strong incremental belief among

smokers may be associated with lower expectations of becoming a regular smoker in

the future.

Bandura's Theory of Self-Efficacy (1977) suggests that behavior is best predicted

by an individual's confidence in their ability to accomplish a given task. Self-efficacy may

unhealthy behaviors, and/or the maintenance of behavioral changes when faced with

difficult situations. Kear (2002) found that self-efficacy to resist cigarette smoking was a

significant determinant of smoking behavior. Similarly, Kvis and colleagues (1995) found

that increased smoking self-efficacy is an important predictor for quitting smoking

among 18–29years old. The role of self-efficacy on smoking, however, needs to be

further examined along with other personality and cognitive factors among college

students.

Significance of the study

The result and upshots of the research is obliging and positive to the succeeding:

Faculty and Staff. The study's findings would support, educate, and disseminate

their understanding of the prevalence of the extent of influence of factors on cigarette

smoking among college students in UM Digos College.

Students. The study's findings will provide students at UM Digos College with

enlightening and motivating information on the prevalence of cigarette smoking among

college students in UM Digos College.

Future Researchers. The construct researchers' study would serve as a support

and auxiliary document for additional investigation or analysis.

Method
 The researchers will utilize quantitative research , research methods, research

instruments, descriptive and the tools used in the study.

Research Design

This study will employ the descriptive design that entails seeing, characterizing,

and categorizing occurrences. The researchers will observe the subject and recorded

their data, described the point of view, and classified the experience using the checklist

provided during the study period.

Research Method

The researchers made use of quantitative research as a technique used to

conduct studies in order to obtain accurate and relevant answers for the questions

posed by the study. The methodical empirical study of quantitative phenomena and their

interactions is known as quantitative research. Using statistical approaches to examine

numerical data collected to answer a particular question. Survey, co-relational, and

experimental are the three types of quantitative research designs. It is possible to

determine whether there are causal or associative correlations between variables using

statistics from quantitative research. The philosophical and theoretical position of

positivism is associated with quantitative research. The quantitative data gathering

techniques make use of standardized data collection tools and random sampling to

place a range of experiences into predefined answer categories.

Research Instrument

The survey questionnaire was chosen by the researchers to be used as a

research tool in the form of a checklist because it is simple and easy for the subject to
complete. The advantages of questionnaires over some other survey formats include

their inexpensiveness, lack of recall, and ask the same questions as verbal or telephone

surveys, but they also frequently have standardized responses that make data

collection easier. But users might become irritated with such predetermined responses.

The need that respondents be able to read the questions and provide an answer places

further severe restrictions on questionnaires. Therefore, conducting a survey by

questionnaire may not be feasible for some demographic groups. As a type of survey,

questionnaires also have many problems relating to question construction and wording

that exist in other types of opinion polls.

Scope of the study

This study focuses on why college students at the University of Mindanao Digos

College start smoking cigarettes and what are the reasons why they can’t just stop it.

This study will be done with a soft copy questionnaire as a survey and reference. The

study shall have male and female college students at University of Mindanao Digos

College.

Limitations of the study

This research is limited to University of Mindanao Digos College students; junior

high and senior high school students are not included in this study. The respondents

should be enrolled this school year 2023-2024 of University of Mindanao Digos College.