Science Worksheet 6
I. Circle the correct answer.
positive
1. The oxygen end of a water molecule has a slight negative charge. The hydrogen end has a slight negative
charge. For this reason, water is called a(n) ___________ molecule.
a) soluble b) cyclical c) non-linear d) polar
2. Note how water forms droplets in the photo. What term best explains this behavior of
water?
a) cohesion b) magnetism c) adhesion d) solubility
water is the universal solvent
3. You add the boiling water to the hot chocolate powder and mix up the toasty drink. Which of the
following statements about the mixture that you have created is correct?
a) The hot chocolate powder is the solvent and the boiling water is the solute.
b) The hot chocolate powder is the solute and the boiling water is the solvent.
solute - being dissolved solvent - where solute is dissolve
c) The mixed up hot chocolate and boiling water is heterogeneous.
4. Soft drinks have a pH less than 7 on the pH scale. Which of the following statements about soft drinks is
power of hydrogen, pH <7 = acidic, pH> 7 = basic, pH = 7 neutral
therefore correct? water pH = 7
a) They are basic b) They are neutral c) They are acidic
5. Water striders are insects that are capable of walking on the surface of water. The water tends to bond to
itself rather than wetting the insect’s feet and the insect is light enough to remain on the surface of the
water. What word or phrase best describes this behaviour of water?
a) capillary action b) surface tension c) adhesion d) homogeneity
cohesion - water stick to water
6. When water is a _________ it is the MOST dense.
a) liquid b) gas c) solid
II. Answer the following
covalent bond/ hydrogen bond
1. In a water molecule, the hydrogen and oxygen atoms are held together by ___________________
bonds.
2. What is cohesion and how is it related surface tension?
attractive force between water molecules, the water molecules attract each other to form a “film” on the surface
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3. What is adhesion and how is it related capillary action?
attractive force between water molecules and other molecules, water adheres to the surface of the container
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4. Why is water considered a universal solvent?
it dissolves almost all types of solute
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5. Describe carefully what happens to the volume of water as the temperature drops to 0 degrees Celsius.
water freezes, it expands because of its polar ends where positive repel positive, negative repels negative
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6. What happens to the density of water as the temperature drops to 0 degrees Celsius?
it decreases
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7. Why does ice float on water?
because ice (solid water) is less dense than liquid water
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8. What is abnormal about the behavior of water?
it becomes less dense when it solidifies unlike other compounds
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Life as we know it could not exist without water. All the chemical reactions of life occur in aqueous solution.
Water molecules are polar and are capable of forming hydrogen bonds with other polar or charged
molecules. As a result, water has the following properties:
A. H20 molecules are cohesive; they form hydrogen bonds with each other.
B. H2O molecules are adhesive; they form hydrogen bonds with polar surfaces.
C. Water is a liquid at normal physiological (or body) temperatures.
D. Water has a high specific heat. it takes a lot of heat to make water hot
E. Water has a high heat of vaporization (energy needed to evaporate).
F. Water’s greatest density occurs at 4°C.
Explain how these properties of water are related to the phenomena described in parts a-h below. More
than one property may be used to explain a given phenomenon.
9. During noon when you walk on the beach the sand is very much warmer than the water. D
10. Many substances – for example, salt (NaCl) and sucrose – dissolve quickly in water. B
11. When you pour water into a 25-ml graduated cylinder, a meniscus forms at the top of the water column.
B
12. Sweating and the evaporation of sweat from the body surface help reduce a human’s body temperature.
E
13. Water drops that fall on a surface tend to form rounded drops or beads.
A
14. Water drops that fall on your car tend to bead up or round up more after you polish (or wax) that car
than before you polished it. A
15. If you touch the edge of a paper towel to a drop of colored water, the water will move up into (or be
absorbed by) the towel. B
16. Icebergs float in the sea water. F