CHAPTER I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction

The Government Internship Program (GIP) is providing opportunity

to the beneficiary and it is a form of experiential learning that integrates

knowledge, theory and skills development in a professional setting.

Internships give beneficiary the opportunity to gain valuable applied

experience and make connections in professional fields they are

considering for career paths; and give employers the opportunity to guide

and evaluate talent (McHugh, 2017). Internships take place indicates a

widespread, global interest. It also presents challenges. Different

countries and regions have distinct approaches to and policies about

internships (Abderrahman & Giovanna, 2011).

The Government Internship Program is a government-run program

that aims to increase the employability of youth, a 3 to 6 months

internship opportunity for 18 to 30 years old, to pursue work in public

service. They are exposed the real world of tasks to the environment in a

government. The Department of Labor and Employment regional office is

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providing employment to GIPs who are serving other national government

agencies (NGAs) and local government units (LGUs). They perform various

government tasks such as profiling, encoding, assisting and other

functions. It is a good stepping stone for beneficiaries to learn and

experience the real world of government (Bello III, 2019). The purpose of

the internship is for the intern to learn and gain practical experience in

their choice of employment (Hontiveros, 2019).

Relatively, the several factors that can affect employee

performance like training and development opportunities, working

conditions, worker-employer relationship, job security and company over

all policies and procedures for rewarding employees. The manager which

conforms to a relationship between motivation, ability and performance

(Mensah, Boye & Tawiah, 2016). Motivation of employees in the work

place still remains one of the sensitive subjects that determine the level of

input that employees will put in the organization to commit to good

performance (Bhattacharyya, 2007).

Further, work commitment has been suggested to partly explain

various behaviors in organizations. Having a strong work ethics, it involves

attitude, behavior, respect for coworkers, effective communication, and

interaction at the workplace, teamwork is important and committing you

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to be held accountable (Bhat, 2020). Work Commitment has been

suggested to partly explain various behaviors in organizations. Practical

support has been found for a negative relationship between organizational

commitment and subsequent withdrawal behavior (Farkas, 2009).

The researchers conducted this study to find out the work

performance as well as work commitment that significantly influence

employment opportunity among government internship program

beneficiaries based of the result, knowing in support of the development

plan that can be proposed to the Department of Labor and Employment.

Objectives of the Study

The study aimed to found out the significant influence of work

performance and work commitment among government internship

program beneficiaries as key indicators for work opportunities basis for

development plan of Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE) in

Malita, Davao Occidental.

Specifically, it aimed to answer the following questions:

1. Determine the level of work performance among government internship

program beneficiaries, in terms of:

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1.1 Duties and Functions;

1.2 Dependability;

1.3 Skills Enhancement; and

1.4 Communication?

2. Assess the level of work commitment among government internship

program beneficiaries, in terms of:

2.1 Affective Commitment Scale;

2.2 Continuance Commitment Scale; and

2.3 Normative Commitment Scale?

3. Assess the level of work opportunity among government internship

program beneficiaries.

4. Ascertain if there is significant relationship between work performance

and work opportunity.

5. Ascertain if there is significant relationship between work commitment

and work opportunity.

Significance of the Study

Government Internship Program Beneficiaries. The significance of

this study is to encourage most of young people, fresh graduates

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and most particularly who belong the indigent family to have

a self-confidence in doing their job. This will help them to work

with good performance in the company, to have serious

commitment during works hours, to take right responsibility,

accountability and a good attitude.

The Partner Agencies. Government internship program beneficiary are

respondents of this study would help them to fast track the

implementation and monitoring of programs and projects re-

lated to employment facilitation and social protection, all of which di-

rectly contribute to the goal of inclusive growth through massive em-

ployment generation and significant poverty reduction. They also contrib-

ute greatly to the productivity of the company or organization hosting

them. They make it easy for the companies to select flexible, experienced

and highly qualified job applicants.

Future Researchers may found the result of the study beneficial in

making the same study. This will also invite interest to other

researchers to validate results and may correlate it with other

probable related variables.

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Scope and Limitations of the Study

This study was limited to finding the significant influence of work

performance in terms of duties and functions, dependability, skills

enhancement, and communication; work commitment in terms of affective

commitment, continuance commitment, and normative commitment; and

work opportunities among government internship program (GIP)

beneficiaries from batch 2018 batch 2019 in the municipality of Malita,

Davao Occidental.

The respondents will be the GIP beneficiaries who render their

service for three (3) to six (6) months in the organization/company. It will

be conducted at Malita, Davao Occidental. The study was initiated

through visiting the respondents in different government partner agencies

to distribute and obtain response of the survey questionnaires.

Definition of Terms

The following terms are being defined based on how they are used

in this study.
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Affective Commitment it refers to contribute to one's social

identification, self-categorization, self-esteem, and an evaluative

component, a positive or negative value connotation attached to

these GIP beneficiaries and affective commitment, an emotional

component.

Beneficiary/Intern it refers to individual as qualified recipient of the

DOLE-GIP.

GSIS Insurance it refers to Government Service Insurance System, a

social insurance institution, who shall issue group insurance

accident policies for the beneficiaries. The insurance premium shall

not be deducted from the beneficiary’s allowance but

from the general supplemental budget for DOLE-GIP.

Communication it refers to the workplace is a two-way affair. It is a

bridge that needs to be built between employees and their leaders.

Continuance Commitment Scale it refers to the GIP beneficiary with

elevated levels of continuance commitment will try to avoid the

costs related to leaving an organization and will tend to be involved

in deviant behaviors.
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Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE) it refers to the

partner agency that shall manage and supervise the

implementation of the program.

Dependability it refers to an important attribute to look out for in a

beneficiary as it increases a wide variety of tasks.

Duties and Functions it refers to assist and perform duties that are not

highly-technical in nature such as profiling, encoding, assisting and

other functions assigned by the government or GIP partners.

Government Internship Program (GIP) it refers to which aims to

provide opportunities and engage program beneficiaries to serve the

general public in government agencies/entities projects and

programs at national and local level.

GIP Partner Agencies it refers to the Public Employment Service Offices

(PESOs), national government offices, local government units

(LGUs) and provincial local government unit within the residence or

in nearby localities of the beneficiaries.

Internship it refers to the period of work experience to give beneficiaries

exposure to the world of work.

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Normative Commitment Scale it refers to detrimental to well-being

and performance, when few alternatives commitment, a sub-

component of continuance commitment of GIP beneficiary is high.

Skills Enhancement it refers to GIP beneficiary should continuously look

for ways to develop his or her skills, abilities, and competencies to

enhance his or her performance. Through effective skill

enhancement, they become more capable, competent, and

confident in yourself and their performance, and are better able to

reach their goals to absorb through the employer.

Work Commitment it refers to beneficiary has towards his/her tasks

assigned at a work place and a responsibility of individual. The

beneficiary set goals improve skills and stay accountable. Include

the affective commitment, continuance commitment and normative

commitment.

Work Opportunity it refers to work opportunity scale will be used to

measure the extent to which they intend to stay at the organization

based on their performance, work commitment and get the job

opportunity after their contract. Government internship programs

(GIP) provide the opportunity to the beneficiary to gain fruitful

experience in the real work settings internship experience then has

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an impact on the professional growth and success of GIP beneficiary

and helps them to receive good financial earnings in their first job

and also learn required skills acquired for their professional success.

Work Performance it refers to job performance and the ability to work

of GIP beneficiary a very important standard for the government

offices outcomes and success. Include the duties and functions,

dependability, skills enhancement and communication.