UNIVERSITY OF MINES AND TECHNOLGY (UMaT),
TARKWA
FACULTY OF GEOSCIENCES AND ENVIRONMENTAL
STUDIES
GEOLOGICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
A REPORT ON A FIELD MAPPING AT MANYA KPONGUNOR AND ITS
SURROUNDINGS AREAS
BY
WHYTE MARK
INDEX NUMBER: FGE.[Link]
CLASS: GEOLOGY 3B
COURSE: FIELD MAPPING (GL 373)
SUPERVISOR: DR. GEORGE MENSAH TETTEH
MARCH, 2024
DECLARATION
I declare that this report is my own work. It is being submitted for the degree of BSc.
Geological Engineering in the University of Mines and Technology (UMaT), Tarkwa. It has
not been submitted for any degree or examination in any other University.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I express my gratitude to the Almighty God for making it possible for making the Field
Mapping a successful and an insightful one.
My next appreciation goes to Dr G. M. Tetteh for his unprecedented sacrifice during the Field
Mapping exercise.
I would like to thank all the lecturers at the Geological Engineering Department for imparting
in us knowledge in the field of Geological Engineering.
May the Almighty God bless you all.
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DEDICATION
I dedicate this report to my supervisor, Dr G. M. Tetteh, who has assisted me in diverse ways
to prepare the report as well as the map and to my mates who have also helped in the
preparation of the report.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
DECLARATION....................................................................................................................................i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT.....................................................................................................................ii
DEDICATION......................................................................................................................................iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS......................................................................................................................iv
LIST OF FIGURES...............................................................................................................................v
LIST OF TABLES................................................................................................................................vi
CHAPTER 1..........................................................................................................................................1
INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Scope of the map.............................................................................................................................1
1.2 Membership of the group.................................................................................................................1
1.3 Location and Accessibility...............................................................................................................2
Location.........................................................................................................................................2
Accessibility..................................................................................................................................2
CHAPTER 2..........................................................................................................................................3
2.1 Stratigraphy.....................................................................................................................................3
2.2 Petrology.........................................................................................................................................4
CHAPTER 3..........................................................................................................................................6
3.1 Structures.........................................................................................................................................6
Primary structures..........................................................................................................................6
Secondary structures......................................................................................................................6
Metamorphism...................................................................................................................................8
CONCLUSION.....................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES....................................................................................................................................10
iv
LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE 1 : A GEOLOGICAL MAP OF MANYA KPONGUNOR (SOURCE : RESEARCH
[Link])......................................................................................................................2
FIGURE 2: A GEOLOGICAL MAP OF MANYA KPONGUNOR......................................3
FIGURE 3: A PHOTOGRAPH OF QUARTZITE....................................................................4
FIGURE 4: A PHOTOGRAPH OF AN AMPHIBOLITE........................................................4
FIGURE 5: A PHOTOGRAPH OF SHEARED GNEISS.........................................................5
FIGURE 6 : A PHOTOGRAPH OF A ROCK SHOWING BEDDING...................................6
FIGURE 7: A PHOTOGRAPH OF A FOLDED ROCK MASS...............................................6
FIGURE 8: A PHOTOGRAPH OF A JOINT IN A ROCK MASS..ERROR! BOOKMARK
NOT DEFINED.
FIGURE 9: A PHOTOGRAPH OF A ROCK SHOWING LINEATION.................................7
FIGURE 10: A PHOTOGRAPH SHOWING FOLIATION OF A ROCK...............................8
FIGURE 11: A PHOTOGRAPH OF A METAMORPHOSED ROCK....................................8
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LIST OF TABLES
TABLE 2.1 STRATIGRAPHY OF ROCK TYPES..................................................................3
TABLE 2.2 MINERALOGICAL COMPOSITION THE VARIOUS LITHOLOGY...............5
vi
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Scope of the map
On the 19TH September, 2023 to 29TH September, 2023, the second year students of the
Department of Geological Engineering, of the University of Mines and Technology, Tarkwa,
undertook a Geological field mapping exercise whereby my group landed at Manya
Kpongunor in the Eastern Region. A base map of the Eastern region with a scale 1: 50,000
was used for the mapping. Before starting the field work, we sought proper authorization
from King Nene Sakite Kunor II through the assembly man called Honorable Noah Kortey
Tackie to be able to proceed with our field mapping on their land. The lithology of the area
mapped includes quartzite (schistose quartzite and massive quartzite), gneiss (sheared gneiss
and non-sheared gneiss) and amphibole, each with unique mineral compositions and textures
and structures like joints, foliations and folds. that provide insight into the geological
evolution of the region.
The mapping exercise was carried out for the following purposes;
To know the lithology of the area mapped.
To study the geology of the area under consideration.
To study structures, origin, mineralogical composition and textures of rock types.
1.2 Membership of the group
1. Whyte Mark
2. Gideon Mensah Boakye
3. Nkrumah Stephen
4. Mustapha Hanif
5. Yeboah Prince
6. Simmons Harriet Panyin
7. Taylor Margaret Anita
8. Mohammed Jibril
9. Oppong Josephine Afriyie
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10. Sarpong Olivia Osei
11. Hillarion Afedzi Arthur Hayford
12. Mensah Ebenezer Ntim
13. Yeboah Edward
14. Opoku Richard Dankwah
15. Nkrumah Anaman Francis
16. Sarkodie Nathaniel
17. Yeboah Richard
18. Gyasi Kwame Barimah
19. Gyasi Lordspencer
1.3 Location and Accessibility
Location
The name of the area mapped is Manya Kpongunor in the Eastern Region of Ghana with a
coordinate of approximately [Latitude: 6°16'06'' N, Longitude: 0°05'38'' E]. agyam, Odomor,
Nuaso and odumase are some of the nearby towns of Manya Kpongunor.
Accessibility
There are many major routes which leads to Manya Kpongunor from the nearby towns in the
Eastern Region. The area is accessible by roads. There are well defined routes which helps us
to navigate through various areas in Manya Kpongunor.
A MAP SHOWING THE LOCATION AND ACCESSIBILITY OF MANYA
KPONGUNOR DISTRICT
Figure 1 : A Geological Map of Manya Kpongunor (Source : Research [Link])
CHAPTER 2
2.1 Stratigraphy
Stratigraphy is a scientific discipline concerned with the description of rock successions
and their interpretation in terms of a general time scale.
The rocks in Manya Kpongunor and its environs are mostly found in the Dahomeyan and the
Togo series stratigraphy of Ghana. The stratigraphy of the Dahomeyan is in the ascending
order of flaggy quartzite, schistose quartzite, massive quartzite, amphibolite and gneiss. A
pictorial presentation of the stratigraphy can be viewed in the image of the map.
Table 2.1 Stratigraphy of Rock Types
Rock Type Stratigraphy
Flaggy quartzite Youngest
Schistose quartzite Younger
Massive quartzite Old
Amphibolite Older
Gneiss Oldest
Figure 2: A geological map of Manya Kpongunor
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2.2 Petrology
Petrology is the scientific study of rocks that deals with their composition, texture, and
structure: their occurrence and distribution; and their origin in relation to physicochemical
conditions and geologic processes.
Description of the lithology
Quartzite: It is a non-foliated metamorphic rock composed almost entirely of quartz. It
usually forms from the metamorphism of sandstone due to great heat and pressure.
Figure 3: A photograph of Quartzite
Amphibolite: It is a metamorphic rock which is made up of amphiboles (usually hornblende)
and plagioclase. They are usually non foliated to medium foliated.
Figure 4: A photograph of an Amphibolite
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Gneiss: It is a high grade metamorphic rock which is characterized by banding caused by the
segregation of different types of rock.
Figure 5: A photograph of Sheared Gneiss
Table 2.2 Mineralogical Composition the various lithology
Rock Type Mineralogy Texture Colour
Quartzite Mostly made of Granular to well White, greyish-pink
quartz cemented
Amphibole Mostly made of Medium to coarse Reddish-brown
amphibole grain
Gneiss Composed of quartz, Fine grained Darkish-brown
feldspar and mica
P1
u
Bi
Am
Am
Pl Pl
Am
CHAPTER 3
500µm
500µm
STRUCTURES AND TEXTURES
5 P
3.1 Structures
Primary structures
Bedding
This refers to the layering of rocks (strata) as the sediments are being deposited.
Figure 6 : A photograph of a rock showing bedding
Secondary structures
Folding
This secondary structure can be described as the change in the geometry of the rocks
due to the action of tectonic stresses on the rocks that in turn deform the rock. Many
folds were observed on the field which shows there’s been occurrences of strong
deformation.
Joint
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This is a fracture in a rock between the sides of which there is no observable
movement
Figure 8: A photograph of a joint in a rock mass
Lineation
It is the parallel alignment of the minerals within the rock due to tectonic,
mineralogical, or sedimentary activities affecting the rock.
Figure 9: A photograph of a rock showing lineation
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Foliation
It is the planar arrangement of the structure (sheet-like planar structures) and texture
of different layers within a metamorphic rock. They form plane of weakness.
Figure 10: A photograph showing foliation of a rock
Metamorphism
Metamorphism is the transformation of a protolith to a different rock with changes in the
mineral composition, chemical composition or texture due to great heat and pressure.
Figure 11: A photograph of a metamorphosed rock
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CONCLUSION
To conclude with, field mapping is a technique in geology used to analyze and understand
geological characteristics and formations. In field mapping, observations, measurement and
recording of the geological information of the area. These maps help us to understand the
geology of the area using the geological features like faults, current bedding, intrusions and
many others. The field mapping conducted in Manya Kpongunor, helped us to know that the
rocks are highly metamorphosed from the quartzite which are youngest to the gneiss which
are the oldest and they mostly show folding. The field mapping has helped us to gain
experience and knowledge which we can apply on any field we find ourselves.
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REFERENCES
Bates, R.L. and Jackson, J.A., 1980, Glossary of Geology, ed., Calkins, F.C.,
[Link], G. M(1979), ‘Introduction Geological Structures’ The Pitman Press, Great
B ritian,
Eckel, C.E., 1902: The preparation of a geologic map. J. Geology, 10-1, 59-66
Raymond, L.A (1995), “Petrology-the study of igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic
rocks”, Will. C. Brown pp 742.
Billings, M.P (1985), The Mineral and Rock Resources of Ghana. A. A Balkema, Rotterd am,
610pp.
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